Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chuyên Đề Câu Điều Kiện
Chuyên Đề Câu Điều Kiện
Cc loi cu iu kin:
Type
Forms
Usage
If + S + V(s,es), S + Will/Can/shall...... +
Vo
k c th xy ra
hin ti tng lai
k khng c tht
hin ti
k khng c tht
trong qu kh
k kt
hp
If you come into my garden, my dog will bite you. (Nu anh vo vn ca ti, con ch
ca ti s cn anh .)
If it is sunny, I will go fishing. (Nu tri nng tt, ti s i cu c.)
Cch dng cu iu kin loi 1:
If I had a million USD, I would buy that car. (Nu ti c mt triu la, ti s mua
chic xe .) <= hin ti ti khng c
If I hadnt been absent yesterday, I would have met him. (Nu hm qua ti
khng vng mt th ti gp mt anh ta ri.)
NNG CAO:
1. Cu iu Kin Din T Thi Quen Hoc Mt S Tht Hin Nhin
Cu iu kin ny din t mt thi quen, mt hnh ng thng xuyn xy ra nu iu
kin c p ng, hoc din t mt s tht hin nhin, mt kt qu tt yu xy ra.hc
ting anh
Cu trc: If + S + V (hin ti), S + V (hin ti)
Nu din t thi quen, trong mnh chnh thng xut hin thm: often,
usually, or always. V d:
o
2. Cu iu kin Hn hp:
Trong ting Anh c nhiu cch khc nhau c dng din t iu kin trong mnh
ch iu kin vi "If". Ngoi 3 loi chnh nu trn, mt s loi sau cng c s dng
trong giao tip v ngn ng vit:V d: If he worked harder at school, he would be a
student now. (He is not a student now) If I had taken his advice, I would be rich now.
3. Cu iu kin dng o.
Trong ting Anh cu iu kin loi 2/3, Type 2 v Type 3 thng c dng dng
o.
V d: Were I the president, I would build more hospitals. Had I taken his advice, I would
be rich now.
o ng ca cu iu kin
1.o ng cu iu kin loi 1: Should + S + Vo, S + Will +Vo
If he has free time, hell play tennis. => Should he have free time, hell play tennis
If I learnt Russian, I would read a Russian book. => Were I to learn Russian, I
would read a Russian book
If he had trained hard, he would have won the match. => Had he trained hard,
he would have won the match.
If not = Unless.
- Unless cng thng c dng trong cu iu kin - lc Unless = If not. V d:
Mt s bin th ca cu iu kin:
Sau y l bin th c th c ca cc cm ng t trong cc v ca cu iu kin loi I:
GI NH C THT (Real conditions)
LOI I
A. Bin th ca cm ng t trong mnh chnh (main clause)
- i vi trng hp mun nhn mnh tnh c th xy ra s vic
If + present simple, ... may/might + V-inf.
Ex. If the weather gets worse, the flight may/might be delayed.
- i vi trng hp th hin s ng , cho php, gi
If + present simple, ... may/can + V-inf.
Ex. If it stops raining, we can go out.
- i vi cu gi , khuyn rn, ngh hoc yu cu nhng nhn mnh v hnh ng
If + present simple, ... would like to/must/have to/should... + V-inf.
Ex. If you go to the library today, I would like to go with you.
If you want to lose weight, you should do some exercise.
- i vi trng hp mun din t hu qu tt yu ca iu kin t ra theo quy lut
hoc thi quen
If + present simple, present simple.
Ex. If you eat this poisonous fruit, you die at once.
If you boil water, it turns to vapor.
- i vi trng hp c th xy ra trong tng lai v nhn mnh trng thi din ra/hon
thnh ca s vic
If + present simple, future continuous/future perfect.
Ex. If we leave Hanoi for Hue today, we shall be staying in Hue tomorrow.
If you do your home work right now, you will have finished it in 2 hours' time.
- i vi cu mnh lnh (ch ng n mnh chnh)
If + present simple, (do not) V-inf.
Ex. If you are hungry, go to a restaurant.
If you feel cold, don't open the door.
- i vi cu khuyn rn, trong trng hp ny khng thc s l mt cu iu kin bi
"if" mang ngha nh "as, since, because"
6- Its quite simple really. If you take / will take / took these tablets every day, then
you lose / will lose / lost / would lose weight.
7- I dont like this flat. I think I will be / I am / Id be happier if I lived / live / will
live /would live in a house in the country.
8- I cant play football, but Im sure that if I will do / do / did, I play / will play / would
play a lot better than anyone in this awful team.
9- I phone / will phone / phone you tonight, are you / will you be / would you be in?
10- Why didnt you tell me? If you told / had told me, I had / would have helpedyou.
11- If Bill didnt stea l/ hadnt stolen the car, he werent / wouldnt be / hadnt beenin
prison now.
12- If Ann werent driving / didnt drive / hadnt driven so fast, her car didnt
crash /wouldnt crash / wouldnt have crashed into a tree.
13- Let me give some advice. If you smoked / would smoke / had smoked less,
youdidnt feel / wouldnt feel / wouldnt have felt tired.
14- What bad luck! If Alan didnt fall / hadnt fallen / wouldnt fall over,
he won / would win / would have won the race.
15- If you invited/had invited me last week, I was able/had been able/would have
been able to come.
16- Im sure your letter hasnt arrived yet. If it came/had come, Im sure
I noticed/hadnoticed/would have noticed it.
17- We have a suggestion to make. How do you feel/would you feel if
weoffered/would offer/had offered you the job of assistant manager.
18- If you lent/had lent us the money, we paid/would pay/had paid you back next
week.
19- I wish Peter doesnt live/didnt live/wouldnt live so far away from the town
center. Well have to take a taxi.
20- I feel rather cold. I wish I brought/had brought my pullover with me.
21- I wish you tell/had told/told me about the test. I havent done my revision.
22- Im sorry I missed your birthday party. I really wish I come/came/had
come/wouldcome.
23- I like my new boss but I wish she gave/would give/could give me some more
responsibility.
24- Having a lovely time in Brighton, I wish you are/were/had been here. Love, Mary.
25- A cheque is all right, but Id rather you pay/paid me cash.
26- If only I have/had/would have a screwdriver with me.
27- If you want to catch the last train, its time you leave/left
28- Id rather you dont tell/didnt tell anyone about our conversation.
29- Its high time you learn/learned to look after yourself.
30- Jean thinks that everyone likes her. If only she knows/knew what people say
behind her back.
Ex:
- he helps me everyday so I can finish my homework.
=> BUT FOR his daily help, I would not finish my homework
- teacher explained and we understood
=> WITHOUT teacher's explaination, we would not have understood.
II. MT S T C TH THAY IF TRONG CU K.
1. PROVIDED (that), ON CONDITION (that), AS LONG AS, SO LONG AS: (min l, vi iu kin
l...)
2. SUPPOSE, SUPPOSING: (gi s )
3.
- > IN CASE(that), IN THE EVENT (that) + clause: (trong trng hp)
- > IN CASE OF , IN THE EVENT OF + phrase
Cc cm t ny u s dng ch yu cho cc s kin tng lai.
- In the case you need me, I'll be at Tom's.
(Trong trng hp anh cn, ti s bn nh Tom).
- I'll be studying upstairs in the event he calls.
(Nu anh y gi th bo l t ang hc trn tng nh).
4. EVEN IF (d cho, thm ch nu nh)
Even if she studies hard, she won't pass the exam.
(C hc chm i na th c y cng s trt thi).
5. ONLY IF: ch trong trng hp iu g xy ra v ch khi th.
We'll give you your bicycle only if you do well on your exams
= Only if you do well on your exams will we give you your bicycle. (Ch khi con thi tt th b m mi
cho con xe p).
6. WHETHER OR NOT: d c hay ko
They won't be able to come whether or not they have enough money
= Whether they have money or not, they won't be able to come. (D c tin hay khng th h cng
s khng th n).
7. IF NOT: nu ko phi ni l, nu ko
Its a beautiful flower, if not the prettiest.
Are you ready? If not, I'm going without you.
8. OTHERWISE=OR (ELSE): Nu ko th (c ch if dc hiu ngm)
We must be back before midnight otherwise I will be locked out.
We must be early or (else) we won't get a seat.
We must be early; we won't get a seat otherwise