https://sa.wiktionary.

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Wiktionary
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Ifafire,aloan,oranenemycontinuestoexisteventoasmallextent,itwillgrowagainandagainsodonotletanyoneofitcontinuetoexisteventoasmallextent.
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Therearethreejewelsonearth:water,food,andadages.Fools,however,regardpiecesofrocksasjewels.

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Animalsdonotcoronatealionthroughsprinklingholywateronhimandconductingcertainrituals.Heassumeskingship(effortlessly)throughhisownprowess.


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sandalwoodispleasant(cool),moon(ormoonlight)ismorepleasantthansandal.(but)companyofagoodperson(sAdhu)ispleasantthenbothmoonandsandal.
Literalmeaningofword'shItalah'iscool/cold,inthiscontextcoolmeanssomethingwhichispleasant.
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Thisisthelast'shloka'intheRigveda.ItstatesLetyourconclusionsbeONE(orbealike),Letyourheartsbethesame(orbealike)[Sothat"everyone"feelsforthe
sameparticularbad/illinthesocietyinthesameintensity.Itmaybethecommonexperiencethatnotallfeelforthesameprobleminthe'intensity'thatweas
individualmayfeelforthat.Duetothistheremaybelackof'collective'effortstosolvethatproblem].Letyourmindsthinkalike/similar.Mayallthesefactorsmake
yourorganisationalpoweranimpressiveone.This'shloka'canbecalledasan'sanghatansukta'i.e.guidelinesforbuildinganimpressiveorganisation/nation.
LokmanyaBalGangadharTilakhadendedhisbook'GeetaRahasya'bythis'shloka'.
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Apersonwhodoesthethingswhicharetobedoneandwhodoesn'tdothethingswhicharenottobedoneapersonwhostickstorationalbehaviour(orbehaves
rationally),iscalled"Arya".
Theterm"Arya"isusedtorefertoelderorrespectablepersoninIndia.Thissubhashitagivesomeofthecharacteristicsof'Arya'.Apersonwhodoesthethingswhich
heissupposedtodoi.e.goodthings,anddoesnotdoanybad,canbecalledArya..Inshort,theonewhoobeysdharmaisArya.'Arya'doesnotreflectanyrace.
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Thepersonwithwhomwehavenorelation,butwhohelpsusinourdifficulttimesisourRealrelative/brother.Incontrastthepersonwhomaybeourrelative/brother
(Withwhomwehavebloodrelations)butwhoalwaysdoesbadthingsforusshouldnotbeconsideredasourrelative/brother.Justlikeadiseasewhichisinourown
bodydoessomuchharmtouswhilethemedicinalplantwhichgrowsinforestfaroffdoessomuchofgoodtous!
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Whilefightingwitheachother,wearefiveandtheyarehundred.Whilefightingwithothers(enemy)wearehundredplusfive.
ThisarewordsofyudhiShThIr(dharmarAja).InaraNyaparva(i.e.whenpANDavawereinvanawasai.e.injunglefor12yrs),pandavagotanewsthatkauravaare
underattackfromgandharvasandwereloosingthebattle.InfactgandharvashaddefeatedKauravasandimprisonedthem.Thattime,bhIma'sopinionwas,nottohelp
Kaurava,becausetheywerepaNDava'senemy.bheemawashappythattheirjobwasdonebygandharvas.ThattimeyudhiShThIrsaidthatevenifKauravawere
enemies,theyweretheirbrothers,andpaNDavamusthelptheminthatcrisis.
ThisisanexcellentexamplelaidbyyudhiShThIrbeforeus.Ifweturnourpagesofhistory,manyplaceswefindthatourrajaswerefightingwitheachother,andthey
evenhelpedoutsideinvaderstoknockdownotherIndianrajas.Andthatwasmajorcauseofsuccessofinvaders.
Intodayscontex,wemustknowwhois"ours"andwhoisnot.
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Friendshipofafriendistestedinourbadtimes,thewarrior'sheroismistestedinawar,aservant'stestliesinhisgoodattitudetowardstheownerandadonor'stestis
atthetimeofdrought.Thepointexplainedhereisthatthepersonwhodonateswealth/foodevenatthetimeofadrought,i.e.atthetimeswhenthefoodisascarcity,is
arealdonor.Ifwedonotliveuptoourexpectationsatthetoughtimesthenthereisnouseofwhatwestandfor.
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Ifacountrygoesinawrongway/doesasinthenthekingshouldbeheldresponsible.Ifkingcommitsasinthenhisadvisors/ministersshouldbeheldresponsible.Ifa
womendoesawrongthingthenherhusbandshouldbeheldresponsibleandifastudent('shishya')commitsasinthenhisteacher('guru')shouldbeheldresponsible.
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Theknowledgewhichisresidinginthebookandone'swealthwhichisinpossessionofsomeotherpersonisofnouseatall.Atthetimeofit'sneedtheywillnotbeof
anyhelpfortheperson.
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Aninferiorperson'sdesireismoney.Anaveragepersonwilldesiremoneyandrespect.Agreatpersondesiresrespect(andnotMoney).Respectissuperiortomoney.
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Onlytwotypesofpeoplearehappyinthisworld.Onewhoarefoolish/dullandtheotherswhoareverymuchintelligentandknowledegble.Alltheotherpeoplein
betweenthesetwolimitsaretheonlysufferers.Thefoolish/dullpeopledonotunderstandtheproblem(orcannotgrasptheproblems)andtheintelligentpeoplehave
thesolutionforit!Andthereforeitisonlyleftforthepeopleinbetweenthemtokeepcryingfortheproblembecausehavingknownwhatitisstilltheycannotenvision
thepathforit'scompleteeradication.
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Extremedesireshouldbeavoided.butdon'tthrowawaydesires.Weshouldenjoyselfearnedwealthwithcontrol.Thissubhashitaexplainsoneofthespecialtiesofour
culture.Youmayfindtwoextremeviewsaboutlifeinthisworld.Thereareafewgroupswhothinkthatdesireaboutanythingiscauseofsorrowinlife.Anddesire
causesdegradationofaperson.Soitshouldbeavoidedtotally.Therearesomegroupswhichbelievethatweshouldtrytosatisfyallourdesires...andthatwillbring
happinessinlife.Theprobleminfirstcaseis,itisverydifficulttofollow.Andoftenthesesuppresseddesiresgiverisetomisbehaviorofaperson.Insecondcase,itis
obviousthat,thisviewisnotgoodforsocietalinterest.Alsodesirescan'tbesatisfied.ifyoufulfilloneanotherwouldarise.KeepingthisinmindourRishissuggested
midwaybetweenthesetwo.oneneednotgiveawaydesirestotally,buttrytocontrolthemandsatisfythemwithsomelimit.
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Rainsovertheseaarenotofanyuse.Foodforone,whosestomachisfull,iswaste.What'stheuseofdonationtoanaffluent?Also,lightingalampduringdayis
useless.
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Theriversdon'tdrinktheirownwater.Thetreesdon'teattheirownfruits.Thecloudsdon'teatthecropstowhichtheygivethewater.Thewealthofthegoodpeople
('sajjan')isreallyonlyforhelpingtheothers.(Theythemselvesdon'tconsumewhattheyproduce!)
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AngeristheKingofDeath(Yama),greed(desire)istheriverVaitaraNI(intheHell).(However)Knowledgeis(like)thecowwhichfulfillsallwishes(Kamdhenu),
(and)blissistheparadise.
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Greedisacauseofsin(agreedypersoncandoanysintosatisfyhisgreed)Greediscauseofcalamity,greedgivesrisetoenmity(greedypersoninvitesenemies)
Greeddestroysaperson(agreedypersonslifegetsspoiledbyhisowndeeds).
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Apersonforwhomcourageishisfather,forgiveness(KshmA)ishismother,calmfulmindishiswife,Truthishisson,compassionhissisterandcontrolofmindishis
brother.Andforwhomthisearthisabed,thedirections(dishA)liketheclothsandtheknowledgeishisfood.Whenallthesemakeuphisfamilythenforwhichthing
willthatpersonbescaredof?Isn'tthisaveryuniquesuBAshitindeed?Whatelsewillthepersonneedtoovercomethechallengesthatmayfacehiminhislife?
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Companyofgreatpersonisalwaysbeneficial.(seehow)dropofwateronlotusleafappearslikeapearl.(i.e..itgainsstatussimilartopearl)HearSubhashitkar
explainshowusefulitistobewithgreatpersons.
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Aunwise('murkha')personhesitatestodonatethewealthduetothefearofbecomingpoorinfuture.Butduetothesamefear(ofbecomingpoorinfuture),awise
personwiselydonateshiswealth!
Seehowthesamefearcauseswiseandunwisepersonstobehavedifferently!Inconclusionthewisepersondonateshiswealththinkingthatinfutureifhebecomes
poorthenhemayloosetheopportunitytodonate.TheimpliedmeaningofthesuBAshitmaybethatmanshouldnotfearforthetransientthingslikewealth.Todayitis
thereandtomorrowitmaynotbethere.Sodonateitwhenyouhaveit!
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Onecannotchangenatureofapersonbygivinghimaadviceortellinghimgoodthings.(aseven)Ifwaterisheated,aftersometimeitagainattainsitsnormal
temperature.Subhashitexplainshowdifficultitistochangenatureofaperson.Everybodymusthaveexperiencedthis.Ifwefindthatapersonneedstoimprovein
certainthing,andtrytoexplainthattohim,maybehewillacceptitthattime.Butaftersometimeyouwillfindhimbackwithallhistraits.Thisbehaviourissimilarto
water.waterisnormallycold.youcanheatittochangeitsthisusualproperly.Butaftersometimeyouwillfindthatwateriscoldagain.
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Ifthe'living'ofapersonresultsin'living'ofmanyotherpersons,onlythenconsiderthatpersontohavereally'lived'.Lookeventhecrowfillit'sownstomachbyit's
beak!!(Thereisnothinggreatinworkingforourownsurvival)IamnotfindinganyproperadjectivetodescribehowgoodthissuBAshitis!ThesuBAshitkArhashit
atverybasicquestion.Whatareallthehumansdoingultimately?Workingtofeedthemselves(andtheirfamily).Soevenabirdlikecrowdoesthis!Infactthereneed
notbeanymoreexplanationtotellwhatthissuBAshitimplies!JustthesuBAshitissufficient!!
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Thereisnovidhi(ritual)whichisasnobleasdonation.(Peoplefollowsomeritualstogetsome"punya".thissubhashitsaysthatsharingyourwealthwithothersisthe
bestpossibleritual.)Thereisnoenemyasgreedonthisearth.(Greedgivesrisetoproblemsinlife,that'swhyitisourbiggestenemy)Thereisnootherornamentlike
sheela(goodcharacter).(Weuseornamentstoadornourbody,butthereisnoornamentcomparabletogoodcharacter.)Thereisnowealthassatisfaction.(Weearn
wealthforbeinghappy,butsatisfactioniskeytohappiness.)
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BhismacharyasaystoYudhistira,"Theforestwhichgetsdestroyedduetothefireorduetotheaxe,willagaingrowintime.Butthewoundcausedtotheminddueto
thebadandharshwordswillnevergethealed".
SpeakwithcompassionandsofttonguewithallisthemessageofthissuBAshit.Thehumanmindissosoftthatitdoesn'tforgeteventhesmallestofinsult/disgrace
causedtoit.
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Wickedperson'scompanyisinvitationtofrequentinsults.Whengoldiswithironandhammer,itgetsbeaten.
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Therearetwotypesofpeoplewhoshouldbepushedindeepwaterwithheavystonestiedtotheirbody!Onewhodoesnotdonateinspiteofbeingrichandtheother
whodoesnotworkhardinspiteofbeingpoor!!
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Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetween'chita'(pyre)and'chinta'(Worry).['chita'and'chinta'differonlybya'anusvaar'.Onlythosewhounderstandthe'devnaagri'script
canknowwhatisa'anusvaar']Theformerwilldestroy(burn)adeadbodyandthelaterwillburn/harmthelivingindividual!!
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Forapersonwhohasafirmconviction(mindisfirm(krutapratijnasya)),thisearthislikealittlegarden,seaislikeasmallcanal/dam,'paatal'(thereisnoparallel
conceptinenglish)islikeapicnicspot(ramyasthal)andtheMerumountainislikeanant'shouse('vaarul')!Thismeansthatifyouhaveafirmconviction,hurdlesin
thewaydonotmeanmuch.youhavewaystotacklethem.
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Apersonwhoisnoteducated,whoisnotreadytoworkhard,whodoesnotdonatewhateverhehas,whodoesnothaveknowledge,whodoesnothaveagood
character,goodqualitiesandonewhodoesnotobeydharma,suchapersononthisearthisjustauselessperson,heisasgoodasanyotheranimal.pleaseseesubhashit
no18whichalsodistinguishesbetweenahumanandotheranimals.
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Mother,fatherandfriendaretheonewhothinkaboutourinterests(wellbeing)inaverymuchnaturalmanner.[It'spartoftheirnature('swaBAv').Theythinkthis
withoutexpectinganythinginreturn.]Allothershavingthesimilarfeelingstowardsusdosoduetotheirpersonalbenefitsoranyotherreason[Itisnotpartoftheir
nature('swaBAv')].
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"Howissituationaroundme(i.e.isitfavourableornot)?whoare(my)friends?howisconditioninthecountry?whatarethethingsforandagainstme(orwhatdoI
haveandwhatIdon'thave)?whoamI?whataremystrengths?"oneshouldalwaysworryaboutthesequestions.Subhashitkarissuggestingusthatwemustbealways
alertandconsiderallthispriortoanyaction.
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Apersonwhosefaceisalwayscharming/enthusiastic,hisheartfullofcompassion,hisspeechlike'Amrut'(Ithinkthereisnoequivalentwordfor'Amrut'inenglish.
Hereitmeanssweetspeechi.e.speechwhichwillalwaysgivepleasuretothelistener)andwhoseworkistoalwayshelptheneedy('paropkAr'),thentellmeforwhom
suchapersonwillnotbethemostrespected('vandaneeya')one?Verysmallandpracticalpointsifwearesuccessfulinimbibingtheseinourselvesthensurelywe
willbethebetterhumansthantoday!
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Subhashitkarhasgivensomeofthecharacteristicsofafoolpersonhere.Hesays,afoolpersoncomeswithoutinvitation(helandsupanywhereevenifheisnot
requiredi.e.hedoesnothaveselfrespect),talkevenifnotaskedfor(theyhavehabitofpokinghisnoseinother'sbusiness),andtrustsapersonwhoisnottrustable(he
isnotabletoevaluateothersproperly)
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This'shloka'isfromIshavasyaupanishad.HereIamgivingtwoexplanationsofthisshloka.Oneisfromthebook:SanskritSubhashitNavnet,publishedbyJamnabai
NarseeAdhyatmiktrust.Anotherisfromonearticle.ThisisanotasuBAshitassuchbutasithasgoodteachinginitwearesendingittothegroup.Inthismoving
world,whatevermovesisenveloped(isprevaded)byGod.Therefore,youfindyourenjoyment(orprotectyourself)byofferingittohim(i.e.byrenunciation)[To
whomdoesthewealthbelong?Itbelongstonoone]Benogreedytowhatbelongstoothers.Whateveranimateorinanimateobjectswewitnessinthisworldarethe
abodeoftheAlmighty.Enjoyitwithasenseofrenunciation,donotgrab,becauseitbelongstonobodyi.e.theresourcesoftheworldbelongtoGodanditisforhis
pleasurethattheyoughttobeused.
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Wealthandstrengthofawickedpersonisforhisvanity(showoff)and(ability)totroubleothers(respectively).foragoodperson,theyarealwaysfordonating(orsay
sharingwithothers)andtoprotect(others)(respectively).
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Whatisinmindshouldbereflectedinone'sspeech(yaTAchittamtaTAvAcho).Whatisinone'sspeechshouldbereflectedinone'sactions(yaTAvAchataTA
kriyHa).Thusthepersonwhosemind,speechandactionsaresameisa'sADhu'(Idon'tthink'gentlemen'isawordanywhereclosetothemeaningofword'SADhu'!
Meaningsofsomewordscanbebestappreciatedinthatlanguageonly.).
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[ThissubhashitaisanadvicetoabhachelorcomingoutofGurukulaafterfinishinghisstudies,beforeenteringintoGruhasthashrama.]
Speaktruth,beahaveasdharmadictates(dharmAcharan),donotmissswAdhyAy.(Literally,swadhyaymeansselfstudy.)AfterpayingGurudakshina(fees)tothe
guru(teacher),donotstopfamilypropagation.(byenteringintoGruhasthashrama)
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Thisistheindicationofgreatpeoplethat(theyhave)discretionalongwithwealth,humblenessalongwithscholarship,(and)powerwithcourteousness.Notethatthis
suBAshithassomesimilaritytothatofsuBAshitNo.05
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ThosewhoaresuperiorBrahman,youofferthemseatwithrespect.(Treatthemwithgreatrespect.)Donatewholeheartedly.Donotgiveunwillingly.Donatewithout
hesitation.Donatepolitely.(Donotdonateforfame).Donatebyfear.(Feelafraidaboutbeingnarrowminded)Donatewithcompassion.

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Themindsofextraordinarypeopleareharderthan(even)thethunderboltandsofterthan(even)theflowerswhointhisworldiscapableofdiscerningthemproperly?
JustpayattentiontothetwoextremequalitiesofmindthatsuBAshitKarhasmentionedandfurthertobepresentinthesamehumanbeing!Stillfurthertohavethe
'vivek'todecideunderwhichcircumstanceswhatstateofmindshouldbethereandtoactaccordingly!!
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Poisonoustree(intheformofmaterialisticworld)hasonlytwosweetfruits.SweetestSubhashitandcompanyofgoodpeople!
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Fortitude,forgivefulness,(self)control,nonstealing,purity,withdrawalofsenses,intelligence,learning,truth,nonanger(these)tenqualitiesconstitutethe
characteristicsof'Dharma'.
ThissuBAshitalongwithsuBAshitNo.17explainswhat'Dharma'is.Pleasenotethatthereisnoequivalentwordinenglishfor'Dharma'.Theenglishword'Religion'
isnotatallevenclosetowhat'Dharma'isinsamskritlanguage.OthersuBAshitaswheretheword'Dharma'occursareSuBAshitNos.22,67,80,127,135.Allthese
subaashitaswillhelpinunderstandingofwhatactually'Dharma'meansinourculture.
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ThissubhasitabefitsthenatureofSanskritlanguageperfectly.Itcontainsesentialtruthandisasconciseasthemeaningitself.ThusSanskritisthelanguageoftrue
eloquence.
Ontheotherhand,evenifonecannotspeakSanskrit,thetestofhiseloquenceishowwellhecanputesentialtruthinonlyafewwordsandthatisactuallytheadvice
ofthissubhashita.
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Boththegood(Shreyas)andthepleasant(Preyas)approchtheman.Thewisemanponderingoverthem,makeshischoice.Thewisechoosesthegood(Shreyas)in
preferencetothepleasant(Preyas).Thefool(simpleminded)forthesakeofworldlybeingprefersthepleasant(preyas)
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Alllivingbeingsinthisworldshouldseemewithanamiableeye.Ishould(also)lookatallthelivingbeingswithafriendlyeye.(Ishouldbeverylovingand
affectionatetoalllivingbeingsonthisearth.)Weallshouldseeeachotherwithafriendlyeye.(Weallshouldbesympatheticandlovingtoeachother.)
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PleaselistentotheessenceofDharma(i.e.piety)andhavinglistenedtoit,bearinmind.TheessenceofDharmais:Whateverisadverse(orUnfavourable)tous,we
shouldnotadopt(operate)thatincaseofothers.
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Indra,Surya(thesun),Varun(therain),Agni(thefire),Garudawithdivineandbeautifulwings,Yama(theGodofDeath)andVayu(thewind)areallthe
manifestationsofthesamesatyaswarup(closestmeaningrighteous,veracious)God.Thewisecallthisspiritbydifferentnamesgivenabove.
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Aditya(TheSun),Chandra(TheMoon),Vayu(Thewind),Agni(Thefire),Akash(TheSpace),Prithvi(TheEarth),Jala(TheWater),Hridaya(Heart),Yama(The
death),bothSandhikalas(DawnandDusk)andDharma,witnesswhatmandoes.
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Thekarmaofpreviousbirthiscalledasdaiva(fortune)(inthisbirth).So,oneshouldtryandworkhard(inthisbirth)withoutrelaxation.
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Onewhowishestoprosperinthisworld,shouldkeepbackthefollowingsixfaultssleep(toomuch),lethargy,fear,anger,lazinessandmiserliness(stinginess).Thesix
faultscanbeinterpretedasfollows:nidrA:sleepi.e.ignorance,notknowingwhatishappeningaround.tandrA:lethargy,lassitude.bhaya:fear.krodh:anger,
shorttemper.aalsyam:laziness.diirghasuutrataa:procrastinate,onewhoisslowinacting,takestoolongfordecisionsetc.
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Whateverpersonsareunhappyinthisworld,theyaresobecauseoftheirdesire(greed)fortheirownhappiness.Whilethosewhoarehappyinthisworld,theyareso,
becauseoftheirdesireforthehappinessofothers.Peoplearemiserablebecausetheystrivefortheirhappinessanddonotobtainit,whilethosewhostriveorexertto
makeothershappybecomethemselveshappy!
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Senses(SenseOrgans)arepurifiedbywaterMindispurifiedbytruthSoulispurifiedbylearningandpenanceWhileintelligenceispurifiedbyknowledge.
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Forapersonwhoispoliteandserves/respectsoldpeople,fourthingsViz,life(numberofyears),knowledge,successinlifeandstrengthincrease.Inshort,suchperson
leavesasuccessfullife.
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Apersonshouldnevergiveupfollowingsixqualities.truth(stickingtotruth),generosity,activeness,beingfreefromjealousy,toleranceandfirmness.
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Thetreesmakeshadeforothers,themselvesstandinginSun.(Their)fruitsarealsoforothers.(Hence)thetreesarelike'satpurush'(gentlemen).
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(Onewho)donatestorightperson(fornoblecause),appreciatesgoodqualitiesinothers,sharesjoysandsorrowswithbrothers,gathersknowledgeofscienceandis(
anexcellent)warrioronbattlefieldiscalledMan.
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Thequalitiesofatruefriendare:Purity,generosity,chivalry,beingcomposedinhappinessanddistress,politeness,affectionandtruthfulness.
Themainpointofthissubhashitaisnotthatwehavetomakepeopleofsuchqualitiesourfriends,butthatweneedtomakesuchqualitiesourown,forthenwewill
naturallyattractvirtuouspeopletobecomeourfriends
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Whateveryouhavetoreturnbacktoothersorwhicheverworkhastobedonebyyou,pleasedoitintheexpectedtimeonly(Don'tdelaytoomuch).Ifyoudon'tdothis
intime(Youdoitlate)thentheimportanceofthatworkvanishes(i.e.theeffectoftheworkifdonelatewillhavenoimpact.Heretheimpactoftheworkthatisdone
intimeiscomparedtoasweetdrink('rasa')).
suBAshitkArsaysthatifyoudon'tdoyour'karma'(duties)atpropertimethenthesweetnessofyourwork'sresultislost.'kaal'(Time)willdrinkthatsweetness!!
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Don'tdestroytheforestwheretigersareliving.Tigersshouldnotgetextinguishedfromtheforests.Forestisprotectedbythetiger(Peopledon'tcuttreesintheforest
forfearoftiger)andbyprovidingtheplacetohide,foresttooprotectsthetiger!
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"Idonotdesirekingdom,northeheavenorevenliberation('moksha').Ihaveonlyonedesireandthatistoremovethemiseryofallthelivingbeingswhoare
suffering."KingRantidevhasprayedtoGodinabovewords.This'shloka'isalsointheMahabharatDronparva.
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ThesearethewordsutteredbyShri.Ramwhenheisgoingforexile('vanvAs').Shri.Ramsays:Itmayhappenthatbrightnessmayleavethemoon,orthattheicemay
leavetheHimalaya,orthatSeamayexceedit'slimits....ButitisneverpossiblethatIwillbreaktheoathgiventomyfather.
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Thelampeatsthedarknessandgivesbirthtosoot(generatessoot).Thefoodyoueathasaninfluenceontheoffspring.
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Foronewhohasconqueredthemind,theSupersoulisalreadyreached,forhehasattainedtranquillity.Tosuchamanhappinessanddistress,heatandcold,honourand
dishonourareallthesame.
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Cuckoobirdsbeautyisinitsvoice,womansbeautyisinherdedicationtofamily/husband('pativrata').Knowledgeisthebeautyofanuglypersonandforgivingis
thebeautyofthesages('tapaswis').
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Anythingthatweseeinthisworld,isitbeautifuloruglyinit'sverynature?(OfcourseNo)Thethingwhichislikedbyanyindividualisfeltbeautifulbythat
individual!Forexampleauglylookingchildisstilllovedverymuchbyhis/hermother.
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Whenthislifeisfullofuncertaintythereisnotimewhichisunfavourableforlivingthelifeasperthe'dharma'.Thinkasifdeathiswithinit'sreachtoyouandobey
the'dharma'.Deathcancomeanytimesoalwaysdogoodthings(Itshouldnthappenthatduetoearlydeathyourwishtolivethelifeof'dharma'remainedamerewish
only!!!).Don'twaitforanyfavourabletime('muhurta')atwhichyouwillstartlivinggoodlife!Thewholepointisifyouwanttoleadagood/noblelifestartNOW!
Notethat'dharma'isnotreligion.PleaserefersuBAshitasNo.17,22,50,67,140,144formoreexplanationsoftheword'dharma'.
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Onewhohasbrain,chivalry,poise,power,enthusiasmandwillingnesstoworkwhyhe/shehastoworryaboutearninghis/herliving?
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Worthofapersonisnotdeterminedbyhisseat(position),butbyhisqualities.Justbysittingontipofpalace,acowcannotbecomeeagle.
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Subhashitkarhearexplainswhatdevicearetobeusedtopurifydifferentthings.Hesays,purifyyournextstepbyyourvisioni.e.watchthepathcarefullybeforeyou
stepfurther.drinkwater,whichispurifiedbycloth.speakafterpurificationbysatya(truth)i.e.speakwhatevertruthis.purifyyourbehaviourbyyourmindi.e.make
conscienceeffortstokeepyourbehaviourgood.
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Deer,Fishesandnoblepeople('sajjan')earntheirlivelihoodsondrygrass,waterandsatisfaction('santosh')respectively!Eventhoughtheyleadsuchsimplelife
withouttroublinganyonestillwefindhunters,fishermenandbadpeople('durjan')becomingtheirenemies!It'sreallytruethatthepeoplewhodonottroubleothers
stillhaveenemieswithoutanyreason!
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Thereisnofaultinthefailureofthebigdreams/aims.Butit'sbigfaulteventothinkforthepersonalselfishgains.
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(OhGod)FromtheunrealleadmetotherealFromdarknessleadmetolightFromdeathleadmetoimmortality.
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Knowledgeis(your)friendinthejourney,wifeisthefriendathome,drugis(like)friendinillnessanddharmaisthefriendafterdeath.
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Ourownmother(i.e.onewhogivesbirth),guru's(teacher's)wife,wifeofabrahmin,wifeofaking,cow,nurseandtheearthareourmothers.
Theword'mother'indicatesrespectwehaveaboutsomebody.Here,subhashitkarsaysthatwehavesevenmothersi.e.weshouldhaverespecttoalllistedinthe
subhashita.
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Justlikeachariotcannotrunwithonlyasinglewheel,inthesamewayluckwillnotfavourthehumanwithouthis/herefforts.
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Whentherearechangesinourlife(goodorbad)wegenerallyattributethesetothingslikeeffectsofPlanetarymotions,(bad/good)dream,(bad/good)signs,results
ofprayingtoGod.Butreallyspeakingthesearejustlikethecoincidenceofacrowsittingonthebranchofatreeandthatbranchfallingongroundwithinfew
minutes!!(Thebranchdoesnotfalldownduetotheweightofthecrow!!!)
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Ithasneverhappenedbefore,nobodyhasheardabout,nobodyhasseenagoldendeer.But,ShriRama'sgreed(aboutit)isunfavorableintentionleadingtodestruction.
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Hostilepersonistobekilledwithoutany(second)thought,evenifheisyourguru(yourteacher),achild,anoldperson,abrahmin(anhonorableperson)orvery
famous.
Subhashitakarwantstoemphasizeherethatthereisnoexcuseforcrime,nomatterwhohasdonethat.

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Beingunderthecommandofoursenses/mindisnothingbutinvitationtomanyproblemsandwinningoverthemisapathwaytotheglory/success!Chooseanypath
thatyoulike!!AnimalsgetsatisfiedbyTaste,Touch,Smelletc.Gettingtoomuchhappinessfromsuchthingsislikebeingundertheircommand.Ifhumanbeingsare
"different"thananimalsthenthesethingswillnotgivetheultimatejoytoanyhumanbeing.
178

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"Eachline(pratiSlokam)ofthosewrittings,whichintendtodescribethegloryofthenamesofGod
(ananta,theunlimited),arebringingaboutarevolutionamongthesinfulpopulationofthisworld.Sadhus(orthoroughlyhonestandpureheartedmen)hear,reciteand
acceptsuchliterature,eventhoughitisimperfectlycomposed(abaddhavati)."BhagavataPurana1.5.11
Explanation:SrilaVyasadevaisstressingthatthemostimportantthinginanybook,ormerefewsentencesofwritting,isthepurityoftheauthor'sintention.Even
sadhus,themostexaltedmen,willapreciate(hearandaccept)suchtextsalthoughtheyfindmanydiscrepanciesinthem.
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Gettingalltypesofwealthispainful,aftergettingthewealthprotectingitispainful,afteryouhaveobtainedthewealthit'sthecauseformanysorrows,ifthewealthis
spentthenalsoit'ssorrowful.....suchawealthwhichiscausetoalltypesofproblemsbecondemned!!
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ThreekindsofpeoplegetthegoldenearthChivalrous,learned,andtheoneswhodoservice.(TheEarthgivesallitswealthtothethreekindsofpeople.)
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Sometimessleepsonfloorandsleepsonfinebedatothertimes.Sometimesmanagesonlywithvegetablesandeatsdeliciousriceatothertimes.Sometimeswearstorn
clothesandwearselegantclothesatothertimes.Thepersondevotedtoworkdoesnotcareaboutsorrowsandjoys.
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Oneshouldalwaysrememberthefavours(donebyothers)andforgetthemeandeeds.Dothegoodthingsatonce,howeverpostponetheunpleasantthings.
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Inferiormendonotstaraworkduetofearofobstacles.Mediummenstarttheirwork,butleavetheworkwhenevertheygetdifficulty.Exceptionallygoodpeoplestart
theirwork,andcontinuedoingworkingevenifthereisseriesofobstaclesintheirway.
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(any)Desirenevergetsfulfilledevenifitistemporarilysatisfied.As,fireconsumesofferedgheeandincreases,desirealsoincreaseswithconsumption.
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Thepersonwhohasmoredesiresisinfactthepoorestone.Ifone'smindissatisfiedthenwilltherebeanydistinctionbetweenrichandpoor?suBAshikArhastermed
thatpersonas"Poor"whohasmoredesires.Thebasicparametersonwhichanyone'srichnessorpovertyisdecided(WhichisofcourseMoney)ischangedbythe
suBAshikArfrommoneytodesire(trushna)!!

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Dotreateventheenemywhohascometoyourhouseasaguest.Lookhowatreedoesnottakeawayit'sshadowoverthepersonwhohascometocutit!!
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Calfrecognisesitsmotheramongtheherdofthousandsofcowsthesameway,karmaofpreviousbirth(goodandbaddeeds)goeswiththedoer.
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Inthisworld,thelifeisuncertain,wealthandyouthfulness(also)donotlastlong(theyareunstable).(Even)sonandwifeareunstable.Dharmaandfamearethetwo
thingsthatlastlong(arestable).
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Noonewas/willbeeverasgenerousasastingyperson.Hegiveshiswealthtootherswithouteventouchingit.Herethesubhashitakarisstressingthatamisernever
spendshismoney,andafterhisdeath,othersgetthatmoney.
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Thereareonlytwooptionswhiledealingwiththewickedpeopleandathornlyingontheroad.Oneistohittheirfacebyyourfootwareorleavethemaside!!
Actuallytheword'muKhaBhang'appliestoboththethornandthewickedperson.Whenappiledtothewickedpersonitmeansyouinsultthatperson(andnotlitellary
tohitthatpersononface!)andwhenappliedtoathornitmeansyoucutthatpartofthethornwhichispointedandthusitwillnotharmanyone.Furtherthe
suBAShitkArsaysthatifyoudon'thavecapabilitiestodosuchthingsthensimplyleavethemaside(Youfollowadifferentpath!!)
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Rootsofthesandalwoodtreeformashelterforthesnakes,onit'stopbirdstakerest,onit'sbranchesmonkeysareplayingandonecanfindbee'sonit'sflowers.Really,
theultimateaimofthegood('sajjan')peopleistoofferhelpinghandstoothers('paropkAr')!
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Theonewhoresidesinyourmind,isnotfarawayevenifoneisstayingfaraway(physically).(However)Theonewhodoesnthaveplaceinyourheart,isdistanteven
ifoneisclosetoyou.
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Becauseofyourownprogress,don'tbeacauseofyourowndegradation.Youyourselfareyourfriendorenemy(nooneelse).
Thatis,apersonwillprosperorruinduetohisowndeeds,hehastoselectwhathewants.
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Nobodyisfriendofanyotherperson.Nobodyisenemyofanyotherperson.Need(intentionorthesituation)onlybinds(apersonasyour)friendorenemy.
Friendshiporenmityisarelationshipbetweentwopersons,anditisdecidedonlyontheirinterests.Nopersonisyourfriendorenemyifyoudon'tconsideryour
interest..

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It'sveryeasytoconvinceanuneducatedperson.It'sevenmoreeasytoconvinceapersonwhohascompleteknowledge.Butapersonwhodevelopsafalseprideon
basisofhalfknowledgegained,cannotbeconvincedevenbyGod.
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Inthegroupofthousandsofcows,thecalfcorrectlyidentifiesit'smotherandcomesnearit'smotherInthesamewaythedeedsdoneinthepastlifecorrectlygets
attachedtotheperson(It'seffectcannotbeundone).HeresuBAshitkArhascomparedcowwiththe'person'(Theonewhoisdoing'karma')andthepreviouslifedeeds
('karmas')withthecalf.Justasthecowneednotbotherthathowinthousandsofgroupit'scalfwilllocateher,inthesamewayahumanneednotbotherabouthow
his/herpastlifedeedswillgetattachedinthecurrentlife!AccordingtotheHinduphilosophythecurrentlifethatwehavegotandallthegoodsandbadsinitaredue
totheeffectofourdeedsinthepastlifeandthedeedsinthislifewilldetermineaboutournextlife.So'plan'yournextlife!!
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Thestudiesmakeonesknowledgegrow(Theeducationofapersoncanbejudgedbytheknowledgehe/shepossesses).Kulaisperceivedbyonesbehaviour.The
virtuesshowonesoriginality,(however)theangercanbesensedfromoneseyes.
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Whoistheonewhoexperiencesconstanthappinessorconstantsorrows?Likeanypointonawheelgoesdownandagainrisesupsoalsothehappinessandsorrows
followeachotherinone'slife.Thereforedon'tgetexcitedbyhappinessnorgetdejectedbysorrows.
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Everydayoneshouldintrospectone'sownbheaviourandseewhatarequalitiesinmethatresemblewithanimal('pashu')characteristicsandwhatarethequalitiesthat
resemblewiththequalitiesofanobleperson.('satpurusha').Asimplewayofimplementationgivenforanyindividualtobrightentheinherentnoblequalitiespresentin
thehumanmind!
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Learningwithoutgrammar(i.e.notlearningfundamentals,onlysurface),crossingriverusingboatwhichhasahole,andconsumingmedicineswithoutfollowingthe
instructionsofthephysician,betternottodothesethreethingsratherthandoingthemthisway.Itisadvisablenottodosomethingratherthandoingitimproperly.

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Meaning:Evensmallsmall(insignificant)things,whenputtogether,candoagreatwork.Aropemadeupofhaystickscancontrolapowerfulelephant.Unityis
power.
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Allthemountainsdonothavethepreciousstones,youwillnotgetpearlsfromalltheelephantsThephilanthropistsarenotverycommon,sandalwoodisnotfoundin
allthewoods.(Thegoodthingsareuncommon)
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Thecowsofdifferentcoloursproducemilkofonecolour,inthesameway,theprincipletaughtbydifferentreligionsisone.
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Whateverisnotinpossessionofourselves(Itiswithothers)issorrowandwhateverisinpossessionofourselvesishappiness.Inshort,thesearetheindicationsof
happinessandsorrow!Happinessisinsidethehumanbeingandnotoutside.Happinessisnottiedwiththeexternalentity.Absenceofdesireisabsolutehappiness!
Peoplebecomeunhappywhentheyseenew/betterobjectsofconsumptionnotintheirownership.SothesuBAshitkArhasinsimplewordstolduswhatarethethings
thatmakesonehappyorsad.Wehavetodecideifwewanttobehappyorsad!
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Howcanalazypersonacquireknowledge?Withoutknowledgehowwillonegetwealth?Withoutwealthwhowillbecomefriends?Andwithoutfriendshowwill
anyonebecomehappy?
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JustastherainwaterthatfallsontheearthtravelsthroughvariousriversandultimatelyreachestheseaInthesamewayofferings('Namaskaras')offeredtovarious
GodsultimatelyreachesonlyoneGod.
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SohereintheabovesuBAshita,thesuBAshitkAraddressingtheswansaysOnlyyouhavethecapabilitytoseparatemilkandwater,andsoifyouonlybecomelazy
thenwhoelsewillbeabletodoyourjob?Ifthepeoplewithbrightintellectanduniqueskillsdon'tcarrytheirworkasisexpectedfromthem,thenwhoelsecandoit?
Itistheresponsibilityofthebeaurocrats,doctors,engineers,farmers,soldiers,writers,poets,artists,thinkers,saintsofthenationtodotheirjobwiththebestoftheir
abilities,orelsehowwillthenationprogress?
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Personlosestheconscience(abilitytothink)bycommittingsinsagainandagainandtheonewhohaslosttheconsciencekeepsondoingsins.
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Persongainsconscience(abilitytothink)bydoinggooddeedsagainandagainandtheonewhohasconscience,keepsondoinggoodthings.
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Therearemanyshastraas(topicsofstudy,doctrines)andabundanceofknowledge.Wehavelimitedtimeandmanyobstacles.Asswan(haMsaH)extractsmilkfrom
mixtureofmilkandwater,oneshould(only)studyessenceofshastras(ratherthanstudyingeachendeveryshastratogreatdetails).
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Quarrelsdestroyfamilies.Badwords(whichhurtothers)destroyfriends(friendships).NationsgetdestroyedduetoincapablepersonasaKing.Person'sbaddeeds
destroy(orkeepshimawayfrom)success.
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Thesethreearedifficulttoobtaininthisworld,anddependonthemercyofthegodsthehumanbirth,thedesireforsalvation,andthecompanyofthegreatsouled
ones.ThissuBAshitwillsurelyappealtoanspiritualperson!Individuallywecanthinkwhichofthesethingswehaveandbegreatfultowardsit.Ifwedon'thavethe
companyofgreatsouledonesthenweshouldbecomeone!
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Theonewhorunsaftertheluxurieswillnotgetknowledge.Andtheonewhowantstogainknowledgeleavestheluxuries.Howwillanyonegetknowledgeifhe/she
wantstoleadaeasylife?Andhowwillonegettoliveaeasylifewhoislookingforknowledge?suBAshitkArmakesus"understand"thatknowledgecannotbegained
leadingalavishlifestyle.ThereforemaybeinancientBharatthe'Gurukula'systemwasdesignedinsuchawaythatstudentsintheirstudentlifeshouldgain
maximumknowledgebystayingawayfromallthepleasuresofthematerialisticworld.
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Dosuchaworkthroughtheday,sothatyoucansleeppeacefullyatnight.Similarly,dosuchaworkthroughoutyourlifesothatyoucan'live'peacefullyafterdeath.
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Donating(partof...thesearemywords:))earnedwealthisthebestwaytoprotectit.(Justlike)allowingwatertoflowoutofalakeisbestwaytokeepthelake
clean.Well,Idon'tknowhowexactlyitworks,butmaybelikethis,Ifyouarestandinginabus,andsayseatbeforeyoubecomesempty.Ifyouofferthatseattosome
otherpersoninthebus,nexttimewhenaseatinvicinitybecomesemptyhetakescarethatyougetit.Similarlyifyouhelpothers,theywillprotectyou.
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Awickedpersonwillnoticethebadqualitiesastinyasamustardseedinotherperson,butwillnotnoticeeventhebadqualitiesaslargeasanybigleaf('bilvapatra')
withinhimself/herself.Thissubhaashitateachesustolookintoourselvesbeforewepassanybadcommentsonothers.
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Therearethreethingsthatcanhappenwithmoney/wealth.Themoneycanbedonated,itcanbeconsumedforindividualpurposesandlastlyitcanbedestroyed(It
willbeofnousetoeithertheindividualnortothesociety).Thewealthofthepersonwhodoesnotdonatenoruseitforhis/herownpurposes,ultimatelygets
destroyed.Therearesomanysubhaahitasthattellusnottoaccumulatewealth!ButasShri.RamrayKamathhasstatedinhislastemailthatattachmenttomoneyis
oftenhardtoresistitrightlycallsfora"sacrifice"intruesense.PleaserefertothesuBAshitasNo.121,124,133,179and189whichgiveusmoreguidelinesfor
puttingourearnedwealthforproperusage!
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Onebecomeslikethepeople(aroundhim/her),whooneliveswith,whomoneservesandwhomonewantstobecomelike.
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Onlyapersonwithgoodqualitiesknows(orappriciates)qualitiesofanother,notapersonwithoutanyqualities.Astrongpersonknows(orjudges)strengthofanother
storngperson,notaweakperson.Cuckoounderstands(orfeels)vasantaRitu(spring)notacrow(Thecuckoostartssinginginthispreriod).Elephantknowsstrength
ofLionnotamouse.
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Afriend,evenwithoutmanygoodqualities,isbetterthananenemywithgoodqualities.Afterallenemyisenemy.Though,weshallappreciategoodqualitiesin
others,itmustnotbeforgottenthatenemyisenemyandfriendisfriend.Apersonisourenemyorfrienddependinguponhisandourinterests,itdoesnotdependon
hisqualities.Refertosubhashit194,whichhavesimilarmeaning.
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Evenadustparticlewhichrisesabovewhenbeatenbysomeone'sfootisbetterthanthepersonwhositscalmlyinspiteofbeinginsultedbadly.Themessageofthis
suBAshitacanvaryfrompersontopersonifappliedindividually.Butwhenappliedtothesocietyornationitwillconveyinnouncertaintermsthatanywrong/insult
done,shouldgetabefittingreply.Bharatwhichhasbeenbeatenbytheterrorismforsomanyyearscouldnotfollowthismessage.
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Theonewhospeaksinasweetlanguageisarealwifetoanymanfromwhomonegetshappinessandsatisfactionisarealson/daughteronwhomwecanputour
completefaithwithoutanyhesitationisarealfriendandthelandinwhichwecaneasilyearnourlivelihoodistherealcountry.ThewaytounderstandthissuBAshita
isnotbyvalidatingourwife,son,friendorcountryontheabovespecifiedparametersbutbyseeingifwepersonallyhavethequalitiesmentionedbythesuBAshitkAr!
Asforthecountryitcanbesaidthatfromthegovernment'spointofviewitisit'sdutytoseethateverypersonhasworkandcaneasilyearnhislivelihood,butfrom
thecitizen'spointofviewitshouldnodoubtbelike"Asknotwhatthecountryhasdoneforyou,butaskwhatyouhavedoneforthecountry"!
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Theoldagesnatchesawaythebeauty,hopetakesawaythecourage,deathdefeatsthelife,hatredwilldestoryonesnobleattitude(dharmicvyavahaar),angerwilllead
topoverty,beinginthecompanyofbadpeopleandhelpingthemwilltakeawayones'sheela',uncontrolleddesirewilltakeawaytheshynessandfalsepridewilltake
awayallthegoodthings!
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Thereareveryfewwhocanrealisethequalitiesinothers.Alsoareveryfewwhokeepattachmenttowardsthepoorpeople.Onecanrarelyfindanypersonwhoisfully
engrossedinsomeoneswork,andalsoveryfewaretherewho"feel"sadbyseeingsomeonesmisery.Shouldwetrytobecomeoneofsuchrareandextinguishing
species?
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GoodHealth,Intelligence,friendshipwithnoblepeople,birthinagreat(noble)familyandnotbeingdependentonothers(Sayforeconomicoranyotherneeds)these
things(andnot'money')aretherealwealthofaman.RefertosuBAshitaNo.212whichverylooselyrelateswiththecurrentsuBAshita.
226

WhethercircumstancescausesKingorKingcausescircumstances?ThereisnodoubtthatKingcausescircumstances.Thoughittalksaboutking,itisapplicabletoall
ofus.Onecanhavedoubt,ifsurroundinggovernshim,orhecangovernhissurroundings.Subhashitkarsaysthatthereisnodoubtthatyoursurroundingdependson
youi.e.youcreateit.
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Evenifyousurrenderallthejewelsthatyoupossess,youwillnotgetbacka"single"secondofthetimethathaspassedaway(inyourlife).Whensuchisacase,those
whoarewastingthetimewhatablundertheyarecommitting!!But'wasting'oftimewillmeandifferenttodifferentpeople!(Thework/taskwhichwillmean'proper'
usageoftimeforonepersonmaybethe'waste'foranother!)Sowhatexactlytodowhichwillnotreallymean'wasting'oftime?PleaseRefertosuBAshitaNo.25on
whatwaytospendthetime.
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Evenatinycreaturesuchasantcanmoveaheadmilestogetherifitkeepsonwalkingconsistently.ButifaEagledoesn'tdecidetoleaveit'splacethenitcan'tmove
evenaninchahead!!suBAshitkArwantstostressthatonlyhavingthecapabilitywillnotdo.Oneshouldalsohavethe"Will"toachievethegoal.Andthuswitha
strongwillanant(Withinferiorcapabilities)cankeeponmovingahead,buttheeagle(Withmuchmoresuperiorcapabilities)withoutanyeffortscan'tevendreamto
reachnearit'sgoal!NoticesuBAshitaNo.37whichhassimilarmeaning.
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Differentpeoplehavedifferentinterestsoutofsameact.Takeforinstancewedding.Thebrideexpectsahandsomehusband(whichisnaturalforthatage),hermother
expectsawealthysoninlaw(sothathewillkeepthedaughterhappyinlife),herfatherisinterestedinaknowledgeableperson(whichisagoodqualityforhim)where
asherbrothersareinterestedinagoodfamilybackground(sothattheyhavearelationwithanoblefamily).Andwhataboutothers?theyareinterestedonlyin
deliciousfood!(theyarenotbotheredaboutwhathappenstothehusbandandwifeandtheirfamiliesafterwards).
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Wealthcanbeearned,itcanalsobelost.(evenafterloss)itcanberecoveredagainandagain.Butyouthoncegone,neverreturns.
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Desire('Asha')isastrange(surprising)typeofchain!Theonewhoaretiedbythischainrunhereandthere(Forseekingtheobjectsofdesire)andtheonewhoarefree
fromthischainstandcalmlyatoneplacewithoutmoving,likeandisabledperson!
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Evenafterlearningvarioussciences('ShAstra')manyremainfools('murKha').(Theyonlyhavethetheoreticalknowledgeofthesubject)Buttheonewhoperformsand
acts('kruti')istherealintelligentperson.Adoctor,withgoodintentions,onlydecidingonthecorrectmedicine(foraparticularillness)forapatientwillnotmakethat
patienthealthy.Butwhenthedoctorensuresthathis/herprescriptionsareproperlyfollowedbythepatient,onlythenwillthepatientbecomefreefromillness.
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Oneshouldputeffortsinbuildingupgoodcharacterthewealthisnotstable.Onewhodoesnthavewealthisnotreallypowerless,(however)characterlesspersonisa
waste.
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Thewealth,whichisearnedbytroublingothers,bydisobeyingtheDharmaorevenbyswallowing(self)insultdoesnotbringhappiness.
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ThissuBAshitaisutteredbyDuryodhana.DraupadiasksDuryodhanathatwhatisthereasonthatinspitehavingmanycommonthingsinbetweenKauravasand
Pandavas(Samefamily('kula'),SameGuruDronacharya,SamepitamahaBhishmacharya)Kauravasalwaysfollowedthepathof'adharma'andPandavasalwaysthe
pathof'Dharma'?
Duryodhanasays,"It'snotthatIdidn'tknewwhatwas'Dharma'andwhatwas'adharma'.Butinspiteofknowingwhatis'Dharma',Icouldn'tfollowit(Itdidn'tbecome
myhabit)andeventhoughIknewwhatwas'adharma'Icouldn'tdesistfromnotdoingit".
ThissuBAshitaponitsataverydelicatenatureofthehumanmind.Manypeopleknowwhatisrightandwhatiswrong.Stillwhyisitthattheystillfollowthewrong
path?!Soonehastodevelopthe'habit'('pravrutti')offollowingtherighteouspath(andnottofollowthebadway).
236

WithouthurtingothersWithoutgetingintoassociationofbadWithoutlosingassociationofgoodHoweverlittle(youprogressinthePathofDharma)Thatis
sufficient.Thenondharmicmeanscannotjustifydharmic"looking"ends.InshortThereisnoDharmicJustificationfora"Robinhood"typeofactivity.(Thoughends
maybegoodthemeansarenotgood.)AnyintentionofDharmicactivityshouldbeabsoluteandcompletefromMeansthroughtheEnd.
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Itiseasytoadviseothers(abouthowtobehave,whatisgood,whatisbadetc.)showingone'ssmartness.(soyoucanfindmanypeopledoingthat)(Butpracticingthat
isverydifficultso)Onlygreatmancanpracticedharma.Inotherwords,onlygreatmancansticktobehaviour,whathethinks,theideal.
238

Neverletyourenemyfree(ifyoucatchhim)evenifheasksfor(andyoufeelpityonhim).Assuminghewillharmyouinfuture,killhim.
ThisSubhashit,noIndianshouldforget.ManytimesinourhistoryourHinduKingshavemadethismistakeofforgivingenemy.ThemostancientexampleisofRaja
Dahir,andthemostrecentisofPakistan.
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YourMajesty(Dhrutarashtra),nooneeverhaseverlastingrelationshipwithsomethingelse,(inthisworld).Notevenwithonesownbody,letalonewifeandson.
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342
Theworkingsensesaresuperiortodullmattermindishigherthanthesensesintelligenceisstillhigherthanthemindandhe[thesoul]isevenhigherthanthe
intelligence.[Themeaningistakenfromwww.krsna.com]
Observetheladder:ThematterSensesThemindIntelligence('buddhi')TheSoul.
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Carryyourenemyonyourshouldersiftimeisagainstyou.Butwithfirstopportunity,destroyyourenemy,asearthenvesselisbrokenonarock.Thissubhashittellsus
thatanenemyisalwaysanenemy.Ifyouarenotinpositiontofightwithhim,temporarilytrytopleasehim.Butwheneveryougetachance,finishhim.
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Donkeysaresingingsonginaweddingsofcamels.Botharepraisingeachother,(donkeyssay)howbeautiful(camelsare),(camelssay)whatapleasantvoice(of
donkeys.i.e.donkeysaregoodsingers).Thisisatypicalscenarioinagatheringoflowcalibrepersons.Noneofthemisofanyexcellence,buttheypraiseeachother,
eitherbecausetheydon'tknowwhatisexcellence,orbecausetheywantsomementalsatisfaction.Nowwheneversomebodypraisesyou,rememberthisSubhashit)
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270
Apersonwhoisnotdisturbedbytheincessantflowofdesiresthatenterlikeriversintotheocean,whichiseverbeingfilledbutisalwaysstillcanaloneachieve
peace,andnotthemanwhostrivestosatisfyeverysuchdesires.
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Gettingdelightedandfeelingfriendlybyseeingothersjoys,gettingdejectedbyseeingotherssorrows,feelinghappinessandsatisfiedbyseeingothersgoodwork
('punyakarma')andfeelingignorantonthebaddeedsofothers(Notdiscussingandthinkingonlyaboutthebadnatureoftheperson),suchreactionsshouldoccuron
ourownmind.
AshortsuBAshitawithgreatmeaning,whichcanhelpanyindividualtobecomeabetterhumanbeing!
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(Those,who)donotgetcarriedawaybyhonouranddonotbecomeangrybecauseofdishonour,donotuseharshwords,evenwhenangry,areknownasgreatsaints.
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Foranunintelligent('muDha')person,therearehundredsofincidents/reasonsoccuringdailytobecomehappyforandthousandsofotherstobecomeunhappyat.But
intelligentperson's('pandit')mindwillnotgetdisturbedbysuchminorthings.
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Background:Chanakyahasutteredtheabovesentences.AfterChanakyaandChandraguptaestablishedthe'Maurya'dynastykingdom(defeatingtheNanddynasty
king),thereweresomedifferenceofopinionsbetweenChanakyaandotherministersoftheKingdom.
Thosewhowantedtoleavemehavealreadyleft.Thosewhowanttoleavememayalsodosowithoutanyhesitation.Butforachievingmyobjective,thatwhichhas
helpedmeandwhichisstrongerthanthousandsofsoldiersthatmyintelligence('buddhi')letitnotleaveme!!
SeetheconfidenceofChanakyainhimself!Apartfrombeingselfconfident,thissubhaashitaalsoteachesusthatwhateverwelooseinlifeitisnothing...Butletusnot
loosegoodmind/intellectandothernoblequalitiesinourselves.
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Nightsoundsverylongtotheonewhoisawakeallthroughthenight.Littledistanceappearstobestretchedtotheonewhoisalreadytiredofwalking.(Similarly)Life
soundslongtothepeoplewhodonotknowsatdharma.
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Thewords'giveme'(begging),causefivevirtues(goodqualities)goawayfromyou,immediately:intelligence,elegance,prosperity,glowandfame.
250

Trytoavoidanyworkforwhichyouhavetodependonothers.TrytofinishtheworkfastforwhichyoucandoindependentlyItdoesnotmeanthatpeopleshouldnot
cooperateanddothingstogether.
Itjustgivesawordofcautionthatifyouaredependentonothersforsomething,
thereisachancethatitwillnevergetdoneorwillbedelayed.Thisissomethingwhichweexperiencefrequently.
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Apersonwhosewifelacksthegoodconduct(Isnota'saadhvi')andsweetlanguage,suchapersonshouldleavehomeandgotoforestbecauseforhim,thereshouldbe
nodifferencebetweenaforestandhisownhome!
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Theworkwhichisnottobedone(becauseitisbad)shouldnotbedoneevenifyouhavetolooseyourlife.Andtheworkwhichhastobedone(becauseitisyour
duty)shouldbecontinuedtobedoneevenifitcostsyourownlife!ThisisthesanatanaDharma.
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Whilecontemplatingtheobjectsofthesenses,apersondevelopsattachmentforthem,andfromsuchattachmentlustdevelops,andfromlustangerarises.The
attachment(andhencethedesiretoattain)foranobjectdevelopsinthefirstplacebyperceivingitthroughthesenses.Whensuchdesireisnotfulfilled,thenthere
comesangerintheheart(duetofrustrationofthedesire)Thereforethebestpolicyistonoteventhinkaboutthesenseobjectsandthuslivesimplyandhappily.For,
themoreonethinks,themoreonedesiresthemoreonedesires,themoreonegetsfrustrated,andthemoreonegetsfrustrated,themoreonegetsangry.
254

Thereisnoworkwhichisgoodinallrespects.Thereisnoworkbadinallrespects.Bothgoodandbadpointsarepresentineverywork.
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Ononesideisanactofperforming'Yadnya'anddonatinggenerouslyforthesameandontheothersideisanactofgivinganhelpinghandtothepoor/needyand
curingthediseasedones.Boththeseactswillearnforyouthesame'Punya'.
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Thosewhoare'dharmic'innature(Havenoblequalities),considerallthewomen(Exceptone'sownwife)asmothersconsiderother'swealthasdust(Haveno
intentiontoacquireother'swealthbyanymeanes)andconsideralltheotherlivingcreatureslikethemselves(Equallyloveallthelivingcreaturesasonewouldlove
himself/herself)!
257
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Whateverbethenatureofaperson,itisalwaysverydifficulttochange.IfadogisappointedasKing,eventhenhewillnotstopbitingshoes.Thatis,hewillkeepon
doingalltheinferiorthingswhichheisotherwiseusedto.
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Forapersonwhoissecondedbyactivities(i.e.forapersonwhodependsonhisownefforts),peakofamountainisnotveryhigh(isnothardtoclimb),bottomofearth
(centreofearth)isnotverydeepandanoceanisnotdifficulttocross.
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Oneshouldavoidcrookedpersonevenifhe/sheiseducated.Isn'tsnakeadornedwithgem,dangerous?
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Takepleasurefromthejoys(inlife)andalsoacceptthesorrowsforjoysandsorrowskeepchanginginacycle.
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Thosewhocanreadbooksarebetterthantheilliterates.Betterthanthereadersofthebookarethosewhoalsounderstandthemeaningofthebooks.Betterthanthose
whounderstandthemeaningofthebooksaretheonewhoknow/experiencethesupremerealityandevenbetterarethosewhoputinpracticetheknowledgethatthey
havegainedfromthebooks!
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|117
Justasthebirdcanflyhighwiththehelpofit'stwowings,inthesamewaywiththehelpofknowledge('dnyaana')anddulyperformanceofone'sownduties('karma')
onecanattainthesupremereality.
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Ifyouarethinkingofdoingsomework,don'ttellit(toothers).Ifothersgettoknowit,itwon'tsucceed.Therearesomepeoplewhotalkalotanddon'tdomuch.
PerhapsthisSubhashitismeantorsuchpeople.Subhashitkaristellingusto'do'ratherthan'tell'yourintentionstoother.
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Loosingbalancewhilewalking,talkinginlowvoice(notabletotalkproperly),sweating,andfear,allthisaresignsfoundinapersonwhoisabouttodie,samesigns
arefoundinyAchaka,i.e.apersonwhoisaskinghelpfromothers(apersonwhoisdependentonothers).
265

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Willingtolisten,toactuallylisten,tounderstandwhatwelisten,tobeabletorememberwhatwehavelistened,tobeabletodeducesomeconclusionsandputforth
arguments,tobeabletoformaliseandconclusivelyputforththethought,knowledgeofthearoundandPhilosophythesearetheeightfacetsof'buddhi'.
266

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'mR^ityu'(Death)isatwoletterwordwhile'brahma'(Theultimatereality)thenonperishableisathreeletterword.Theword'mama'(Mine)isalsoatwoletter
wordandthuswillleadyouto'mR^ityu'buttheword'namama'(NotMine)isathreeletterwordandwillthusleadyoutothe'brahma'(Theultimatereality)!Nothing
inthisworld"ismine"Iamnotthe"owner/creator"ofanythinginthisworld"idamnamama"(Thisisnotmine)Iamonlyancaretakerortrusteeofthesocalled
thingsownedbyme!Oneshouldthinkandactkeepingthisinmind.
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DirectSun(light)doesnotburnus(ourskin)asmuchasahotsanddunedoes.(Similarly)Amediocrepersonwhobecomesgreat(orpowerful)duetoanotherperson
(likesanddunegettinghotduetoSunlight)isoftenannoying.
268

Sometimeshewillsleeponfloor,sometimesonbed.Sometimeshewilleatvegetables,sometimesriceandbread.Sometimeshewillwearworncloths,sometimes
veryrichcloths.Apersonwhoisdedicatedforacertaincause/workisneverbotheredof(suchexternal)difficultiesoffacilities.Inshort,adevotedpersonis
unaffectedbyallthethingswhicharenotrelatedtohiscause.
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Rama,thejewelamongthekings,HimIworship,byHimthehordesdemonshavebeendestroyed,tohimissaidmyprayer,beyondHimthereisnothingtobe
worshipped,HisservantIam,mymindistotallyabsorbedinHim,ORam,pleaseliftmeup.(ThespecialityofthisversefromrAmarakShais,itgivesalltheeight
declensionsofthesingularwordrAma.Hatsofftothecomposer,BudhakaushikRishi)
270

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ItakerefugeinthelordHanumanwhoisasfastasthemind,equalshisfather,thewindGod,inspeed,isthemasterofthesenses,theforemostamongstthelearned,
theleaderoftheMonkeyforcesandthegreatmessengerofShriRama.
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|4156
Goodconductgiveslonglife,desiredwellbehavedprogenyandeverlastingwealth(i.e.prosperity).soalsobygoodconductotherdefectsaredestroyed.(i.e.They
becomeineffective.)ThesuBAshikArwantstostressthatachievingallthegoodthingsinthelifedoesnotdependonothersbutratherthanonthe'individual'only!
Andthemethodisalsoverysimple"GoodConduct"!
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|357

Thefamilyinwhichwomenfolks(suchasmother,wife,sister,daughteretc.)arefullofsorrowthatfamilymeetsitsdestructionverysoonwhilethefamilyinwhich
thayhavenottogrieveisalwaysprosperous.Genderequalityetc.arethetermsevolvedinlastfewhundredyears.ButhereinHindu'sancientliteratureonecanfind
notjustdrywordsbutsincereandpurefeelingsformakingentirehumankindhappy.
273

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Strengthofapowerfulpersonisignoredifhedoesnotshowittoothers(ifothersareunaware).Asfarasenergyisstoredinwood,nobodyisbotheredaboutit.But
whensamewoodstartsburning,theyarescaredofthat.
274
:

Apowerlesstimidpersonbelievesinfortune(i.e.reliesonexternalforcesforhisownprogress).Apowerfulpersonwithselfesteemdoesnotgiveanyimportanceto
fortune.Thissubhashitatellsusthatapersonhimselfisresponsibleforwhateverhappensinhislife.Sohemust'act'ifhewantstodoanyprogress.Hecannotblame
hisfortune.
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|377
Justas,(inthisworld)allthe(living)beingsexist,dependingon(withthehelpof)air(vAyu),inthesameway,alltheotherstagesoflife(i.e.Ashramas)exist
dependingonthestageofahouseholder(i.e.Grhasthashrama).
276

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Thegood('sajjan')peoplearelikeacoconutHarsh/Roughfromoutsidebutverysoftandsweetfrominside.Incontrastthebad('durjan')peoplearelikeberryonly
softfromoutside,buthardfrominside!Justascoconutdoesnot'look'nice,the'sajjan'peopleatfirstsightmayseemtobeharshintheirtalkandattitudeButin
realitytheirmindispure.The'durjan'peoplemay'look'nicewiththeirsweettalk,butintheirmindstheywillbecrooked.WhatthissuBAshitateachesusisthatdon't
be'nice'and'good'inyourexternallookthatisnotimportant,butbe'nice'/'good'/'sweet'/'pure'frominsidefromyourmind.AfterallbeautyisGodgivenwhereas
itisinone'shandtomakeone'smindmoreandmorebeautiful!
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Oneshallprotecthis'sheela'(goodcharacter)withefforts(nothiswealth),moneycanbeearnedandlost(i.e.moneyisnotstable,youhaveittodaytomorrowyoumay
loseit).Awealthypersonwithoutagoodcharacterisasgoodasdead.
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ThisisbyDharamarajainMahabharata.Ittellsushowdifficultitistodecidewhatisgoodorbad.Logicisunstable(i.e.onecandrawanyconclusionsdependingon
hisknowledgeandintelligence,andtheseconclusionsmaychangegreatlyduetoslightchangesinavailableknowledge).ShrutiorVedawillgivedifferentopinions
(differentVedaswillhaveconflictsoveranissue).EveryRishi/Muniwillhavehisownopinion,andthereisnothingtobelievethatoneisbetterthananother.
Philosophyofdharmaisverydifficulttounderstand.So,thepathfollowedbygreatpersons,istherightpath.
279

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Theonewhospeakstruth,onewhospendsless,Onewhoeatsnutritionalfoodinlimitedquantityandtheonewhohasconqueredthesenses,getspeacefulsleep.
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Lethimavoid(theacquisitionof)wealthand(thegratificationofhis)desires,iftheyareopposedtoDharma(thesacredlaw)andevenDharma,whichmaycausepain
infuture(orresultinpaininfuture)andiscondemnedbythepeopleorisoffensivetothepeople.
ThissuBAshitabyMaharshiManuprovesthebroadmindednessoftheHinduCulture.OfcourseThe'Dharma'referredhereisthe'YugaDharma'andnotthe'Sanatan'
Dharma.Thisprovisioninourculturetoframethenew'YugaDharma'whichisrelevantforthat'Yuga'(Period)iswhathashelpedourculturetobealwaysrelevantin
allthe'Yugas'.Wedon'tsaythatthelawsmadebysome'great'person/'holy'bookonethousandyearsagoshouldbevalidandimplementedeventoday!Theflowing
waterisalwaysfreshwhilethestillwaterdevelopsinsectsandbacterias!
Moreon'Dharma'insuBAshitaNos.17,67,140,144,235.
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Thoselistenersonlyaremeritorious,whohavefaithanddevotionandhavenofurtherdesireexceptgraspingthesubject,havecontrolovertheirspeechandareholy(or
pure).
WeourselvesmayhavecommentedmanytimesonthespeechofsomeLecturer/'KirtanKaar'/SocialWorkers/GoodPoliticiansetc.andmayhavepointedoutthe
mistakesinthespeechandthatofthepersonalso!ButthissuBAshitaisforListeners!WithoutthequalitiesmentionedinthesuBAshita,thelistenerortheseeker
cannotreally"Realize"or"Live"theTruth/Philosophythattheoratoristryingtoexplain.EvenbeingaGoodListenerissodifficult!
282

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InancientIndia,therewerestatescalled'gaNarAjya'.Thesestatesdidnothaveanyking,andweregovernedbygovernmentsimilartopresentdemocracy.This
subhashitaisaboutsuchgaNarAjya.Wheneverunityinunions(societiesorgaNarAjya)isbroken,theygetdestroyed,becauseiftheyarenotunited,itiseasyfortheir
enemiestoconquerthem.That'swhyunions(societies)shouldalwaystrytobeunited.WecanfindmanysubhashitasinSanskritorinotherIndianlanguagesthattell
usimportanceofunityingeneral,andwithrespecttodefence.Ifweturnpagesofourhistory,wewillfindthatIndiawas,andis,stronginallrespects.But,wehavea
seriouslacking,thatisdevoidofunity,whichhelpsourenemies.Everyoneofusshouldtrytohelpourmotherlandbyunitingourbrothers.
283

Everyoneisalwaysexpertinfindingout(andtalkingabout)falts/shortcommingsofanotherperson.Heeitherdoesnotknowhisownfaultsorevenafterknowinghe
keepsquietaboutit.
284

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Fameisobtainedbydonating(giving)money,notcollectingit.Clouds(giversofwater)haveahighpositionwhereastheseas(reservoirsofwater)havealow
position.
285

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Lethimnot,eventhoughpainedbyothers(speakwords)cutting(others)tothequicklethimnotinjureothersinthoughtordeedlethimnotutterwords,whichwould
painothersandpreventhimfromgainingheaven.
286

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:
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Ifanonionplantisgrownincamphorbed,muskisusedasasoilforit,oritiswateredwithGangajala(theholiestofthewaters),willitgiveupitscharacteristic
pungentodour?Thecentralideaisthataperson'sbasiccharacterremainsthesame,nomatterwhateffortsyoutaketochangehim.
287

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Ifwaterisaddedtoavesseldropbydrop,itgetsfilledslowly.Similarly,knowledge,dharma(punnya,virtuousdeeds),andwealtharetobeearnedslowly.This
subhashitasaysthatdon'tevermisstogainasmallamountofknowledge,dharmaorwealth,becauseanysmallamountactuallyaddsinyourtreasure.
288

:

Aservanthateshismasterifthemasterismiserandroughintalking.Whydoesn'thehatehimselfashecannotjudgewhoisworthyofservingandwhoisnot?
Normallypeopletendtoblamethesurroundingsfortheirsufferings.Mostofthetimesthecauseoftroubleisoneselfandnothissurroundings.
289

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Unityisthestrengthofanysocietyandit(society)isweakwithoutunity.Hencewellwishersofthenationstronglypraiseunity.
290

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Whoareyou,littlegirl?:(Mynameis)kAnchanamAlA.Whosedaughterareyou?:(Iamthedaughterof)kanakalatA.Whatisitinyourhand?:thepalmleaf(
usedasaslateorwritingpad).Whatisthewrittenthere(onit)?(alphabets)kakhagagha
291
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Ogoodman!Thecontrolovermindismoredifficultthandrinkingthewaterofentireocean,uprootingtheMerumountainandalsolickingoreatingthefire.(The
controloverthemindismoredifficultthanalltheimpossiblethingsmentionedabove).Butthenthequestionofhowtomakethisimpossibletaskpossibleis
unansweredbythissubhaashita.
292

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Merereadingofthefourvedasandalltheshastrasnumberoftimes,isnotenoughforobtainingtherealknowledgeofBrahman(Realisationofthesupremebeing),
Justasaspooninavesselusedforserving,doesnotgetthetasteofthethingservedfromthatpot.(Forrealisationofhighestprinciple,listeningtheshastras,
meditatingonthem,andtheirconstantstudy,observingoftherestrictionsetc.arenecessary.)
293


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He,whosemindisfreefromobjectsofsensesandwhoseheartiscalm(freefrompassion,anger,greedetc.),entireworldishisfriendandliberationoremancipationis
asifinhishandonly.(Heisasgoodasliberated).
294

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Salutetotheguru,whoopenseyesofapersonblindduetodarknessofignorance,byknowledge(GYAna).GuruisoneofthemosthonourablepersonalitiesinIndian
(Hindu)tradition.ThisSubhashitademonstratesGuru'sroleinone'slife.Differencebetweenanignorantpersonandaknowledgeablepersonisstatedasdifference
betweenablindandapersonwithnormaleyesight.Guruisapersonwhogivessighttootherwiseblindperson.OnthedayofAshaadhpournima(fullmoondayin
AshaadhmonthofHinducalendar),calledGurupournima,Hindu'sshowtheirrespecttotheirGurubysacrificingsomethingforhim.
295

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Whatcanawickedpersondotosomeonewhohastheweaponoffogivanceinhishands?Firefallenongroundwithoutanygrassextinguishesbyitself.
296

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Anintelligentman,eagertohaveknowledgeandwisdom,studiesthebooksanddiscardswhatisunimportant,graspingtheessence(only)justasafarmerabandons
uselesshuskcompletelyandpicksessentialgrainsonly.
297

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Incaseofastudentenvyis(sudden)death,tomuchtalkingisthedestructionofwealth.Unwillingnesstoserve,hasteandboasting(orselfpraise)theseareenemiesof
learning.
298
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Alazypersoncanneverearnwealth(orhecanneverachieveanything),neitherawickedperson,norarogue.Theonewhoworriesaboutothers'reactionsabouthis
deeds,andtheonewhowaitsforlongtime(forgoodopportunity)alsocannotearnwealth.Apersonmustbeveryactive,honest,loyal,confidentandquickinactions,
inordertoachievehisgoal.
299

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Itshouldbegiven(donated)orenjoyedandspent.Asfarasmoneyisconcerneditshouldneverbestockedup.Lookhere,thecollectedsavingsofthebeesarestolenby
others.
300

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Theonewhoisaswhite(beautiful)askundapushpa(jasmineorlilyflowertwofromtwodifferentdictionaries),moonoragarlandofdewdrops,whoseattireiswhite,
whosehandisdecoratedwithVeena(astringinstrument),whoissittingonawhitelotus,whoisalwaysworshippedbyGodslikeBrahmA,VishNuandMahesh,Let
theGodessSaraswatI,whoputsanendtolethargy,protectme!

301400
300

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Theonewhoisaswhite(beautiful)askundapushpa(jasmineorlilyflowertwofromtwodifferentdictionaries),moonoragarlandofdewdrops,whoseattireiswhite,
whosehandisdecoratedwithVeena(astringinstrument),whoissittingonawhitelotus,whoisalwaysworshippedbyGodslikeBrahmA,VishNuandMahesh,Let
theGodessSaraswatI,whoputsanendtolethargy,protectme!

301


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Oneshouldneverstealothersbelongings.Oneshouldneverutteraharshwordaboutanotherperson(especiallysomethingwhichexposeshisdeficiencies).Oneshould
thinkaboutholyfeetofVishnu(onesholdworshipVishnufromheart).Ifonedoesthis,hecanattainmokshaeasily.
302

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Donottellyourgoodqualitiestoawiseperson,hewillknowthemorwillfindthemout.Also,donottellyourgoodqualitiestoanidiotperson,becausehewillnotbe
abletoundertandthem.OnedoesnotneedtoadvertisehimselfThosewhocanappreciateyourqualities,willfindoutbythemselves.Othersarenotworthpaying
attention,astheycannotunderstandyourgreatness.Thecurrenteraofadvertisement(actually,advertisingmorethanwhatonehas)givesexactlyoppositemessage.
Butourculture,sinceancienttimes,believeinthissubhashita.Thereismoreemphasison'doing'ratherthan'telling'whatyoudid.
303

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Holdyourbreath,ifyouhavetriedinterpretingthisshloka!!CorrectinterpretationofwordsisofgreatimportanceinSanskritlanguage!
Noticethatkeandshavahavebeenseparated.Theword"ka"meanswater(amongseveralothermeanings).Hencekemeansinwater.pANDavaalsomeans
fishandkauravaalsomeanscrow.Hencetheinterpretationis:Seeingthecorpse(shava)falleninwater,thefishwereoverjoyed.Allthecrows,however,started
crying.."Othecorpseinwater!!"
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Apreceptororanelderlyperson,ifpuffedupwithpride,ifunabletodiscriminatebetweentheproperandimproperthingtobedone,andhastakentoawrongpath,
punishmentinhiscaseisjust.(Noneedtofeelthe'weight'ofthepastgreatnessofthatperson!)
305

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Odescendantofraghu,whateverdayisspentintheserviceofgreatmen,thatisarealday.Otherdaysaretheabodeofdarkness,(eventhoughthereisdaylightthey
arewasted.Theydonotdeservetobetermedaday).
306

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Ifyouarenotatvariancewith(i.ehavenodifferenceofopinionwith)GodYama,thesonofVivasvat,whodwellsinyourheart,youneednoteithervisittheGanges
norgotothe(holy)landofkurus(forexpirationofyoursins).
307

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Whatisuseofapersonwhoisborninhighclan(vishAlakula)butisdevoidofKnowledge(VidhyAhIna).(i.e.howdoesitmatterevenifapersonisbornin
respectedfamily,ifheisdevoidofknowledge).Ifapersonisknowledgeable,thenheisworshippedevenbyGods,evenifheisborninalowclan.
308

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KarIrtree(aleaflesstreethatisfoundindeserts)doesnotblossom(evenduringSpring)howistheSpringresponsibleforthat?CanyoublametheSun,fortheOwl
cannotseeduringtheday?ThecloudcannotbeblamediftherainwaterdoesnotfallinthebeakofChatakbird(abirdwhosupposedlydrinksonlytherainwater
thatfallsintohisbeak).Whocanchange(erasee)thefate(writtenonone'sforehead)?
309
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Asacertaintravellerremainsunderashade(ofsometree)andhavingrefreshedhimselfagaingoeson(hisjourney),sodoesthecompanyoflivingbeings.
313

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Ifyouwanttomakethisworldobidientjustbydoingonething,thenchaseoffthecow(thetoungue)grazingthefieldofgrains(ofblaming,cursingothers)Donot
curse,criticizeothers.
314

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Knowledge(isacquired)byservingtheteacher,orbyalotofmoneyorby(exchangeof)knowledge.Afourth(path)isnotavailable.
315

Justasapersongetswaterafterdiggingearthwithaspade,soalsoastudentwhoserveshisgurugetsknowledge.
316

:

Ifapersonhasgoodqualities,theyspreadbythemselves(othersgettoknowabouthisqualitiesautomatically,hedoesnothavetoadvertisethem).
(As)aromaofmuskdoesnotneedanoath(itprovedbyitself).
317

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Justastwopiecesofwoodcometogetherinthegreatocean(bythestrokeofawave)andaftercomingtogetherseparate,sodoestheassociationoflivingbeings.
318

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Theonewhoiswealthyis(consideredtobe)ofhighdescent.Heistheonewhois(assumedtobe)scholar,famous,havingabilitytodistinguishgoodqualitiesorator
andpeoplewouldwanttoseehim.Allthegoodqualitiesare(consideredtobe)possessedbytheaffluent.
319

Whateverlittleormorewealthiswrittenononesforeheadonewillgetiteveninthedesert.WillnotgetmoreevenifonegoestoMeru(nameofamythological
mountain).
Bepatient,donotshowpovertytothewealthy.Look,thepotcantakeequalamountofwaterfromawellorfromtheocean.
320

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Anoceanneverbegs(forwater),yetitisalwaysfullofwater.Ifonemakesoneselfworthy,richescometothatworthypersonbythemselves(withtheirownaccord).
321

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219
Ifaman,recitesevenalargeportionofsacredtext,butbeingheedless(negligent)doesnotputintopractice,hehasnoshareintheasceticlifeHeislikeacowherd
whocountsthecowsofothers(i.e.heisnottheownerofthecows).
322

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Whenoneistrappedinthemiddleofajungle,inthewar,inthemidstofenemies,water/floodorfire,intheoceanoronthemountainswhilesleeping,in
unconsciousness,orin(anykindof)oddsituationThegooddeedsthatonemighthavedoneinthepast,protectoneself.
323
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28111

Thetimedoesnotkillapersonbyweapons,butitdestroysthethinkingcapabilityofapersonandmakesthatpersonfollowawrongpathwhichultimatelyleadsto
thedestructionofthatperson.Corruptingtheintellectisreallythepoweroftime!
324

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Ohmen!Gotogetherharmoniouslyspeaktogetherunderstandeachother'smindsJustasgodsfromancienttimes,havingknowneachother'smindsdidthejobcome
totheirlot,religiously,soyoutooact.
325

56
Aslongasasinisnotmature(doesnotgetripe)solonganignorantpersonconsidersitsweetlikehoneybutwhenthesinripenshehastosufferit'sconsiquences.
(hastosufferthemisery,resultingfromit).
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11821
Amanconqueringalltheothersenses,aslongas,hedoesnotcontroltheorganoftaste(tongue),solonghecannotbecalledselfcontrolled.Hebecomesself
controlled(fully)withthecontrolofthedesirefortasteinfood.
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1194
Therearetwo(personsinthisworld),whoarefreefromanxietyandfilledwithgreatdelight:Anignorantchild,withoutanyactivityandanasceticbeyondthethree
Gunas(i.e.Prakrti)i.e.whohasattainedgod.
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11233
Aman,havinghisbodywellpiercedbythearrowsisnotpained(tormented)somuch,ashesuffers,whenhismindiscuttothequickbyshaftlikeharshwordsofthe
wicked.
329

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Nobodyknows,tomorrowwhatwillhappentowhom.Therefore,thewise,finishtomorrowsworktodayitself.
330

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Ayogisaystoaking:Wearehere(inahermitage)contentwithagarment,madeofbarks,whileyouarewithyoursilkengarments.Ourcontentmentisthesame.
Thereisnodifferencewhatever.He,whohasabundantdesire,ispoor.Whenthereiscontentmentinthemind,whoisrichandwhoispoor?
331

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104831
Theholyplacesofwaterandidolsofgodsmadeoutofstonedonotpurifythedevoteesimmediately.Theypurifymenafteralongstandingadoration.Butsaintsdoso
byameresight(assoonasdevoteesseethem).
332
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41441
Ifabrahminwitheven(sama)attitudetowardsall(Samadrsti)doesnotactforgivingrelieftotheweak(andopressed),itmaybeconsideredthat,thatbrahminhaslost
hisBrahmalusture(energy),justlikethemilk(orwater)streaming(orleaking)outfromapotthatisleaking.
333

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Thissubhashitaisforthemwhobelieveinluckorfortuneratherthantheirowncapabilities.Itsays,ifluckonlyisdoingallyourwork,thenwhydoyouneedtodo
anything?Yourluckwillalsodoyourdaytodayactivitiesliketakingbath,givingdonations,sittingandtalking.Moral:dontrelyonfortuneorothersuchthings,rely
onyourownstrengths.
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Evenaverysmallthingdoneforsomebodyisveryhelpfulifdoneatapropertime.Butifonedoesnotdoitatapropertime(doesitwhenitisnotcalledfor),thena
(apparently)bigfavourtoapersonwillbeinvain.
335

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Ifapersonwantssomething,andifhemakeseffortstoachieveitwithoutgettingtiredthennodoubthegetsit.
336

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Whateverisearnedbyaperson,bylethalhardwork,thedescendantsdivideitamongstthemselves,whenhe/shedies.(However)thewrongdeedsdonebythesinner
forgainingthewealthaccompanyhim/her.(He/shehastofacetheconsequences.Thesinsarenotinherited).
337

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Starvingmothermightleaveherownson,starvingsnakemighteatherowneggs,Whatsincanastarvednotdo?People,whoarehelpless,getmercilesswhenitsa
questionoflifeanddeathforthem.
338
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Awisepersonshouldgatheronlyimportantparts(gist)ofknowledgefromall'shaastras'(becausetheyaremanyanditisimpracticaltolearneverythingindepth)juts
asabeegathers(only)honeyfromalltypesofflowers(anddoesnotcollectflowers).
339

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Givingwaterandfoodisthebestamoungvariousdonations.'dwadashi'isthemostauspiciousamoungallthedays.'GayatriMantra'isthebestamoungallthe
'Mantras'andmotherissuperioroveralltheGods.['dwadashi'12thdayofafortnightInHindusystemofcalendara'dwadashi'comestwiceinamonthonceinthe
'shuklapaksha'whenmoonisinthewaxingphaseandonceinthe'krishnapaksha'whenmoonisinthewanningphase.]
340




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Wherewomenareadoredandgivenrespect,theGodsliketostayinsuchplaces.Butwherewomenaregivenilltreatment,atsuchplacesnoworkissuccessful
becauseofabsenceofGods.
341

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Lionsinforest,whoeatfleshofotheranimalswillnoteatgrasseveniftheyareveryhungry.Similarly,personsborningoodfamilieswillnotperformany
misconducteveninodds.Meaningofrespectablefamilyshouldbetakenhereasagoodculturedfamiliesfamilieswithvalues.Whenapersonishavingabadtime,to
overcomeit,hemaydosomethingthatisethicallywrong,e.g.apersoncanstealsomebodyelsesfoodifheisstarving.Aculturedpersonwilldiebutnotdosuch
things.
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Theglitteringflyappearsbright(orisvisible)onlyuntiltheabsenceofmooninthesky.ButwhentheSunrises,thereisneithertheglitteringflynorthemoon!In
absenceofatruegreatperson,amediocrewillalsoappearlikeagreatperson.Butnobodywillnoticesuchpersoninpresenceofatrulygreatindividual.
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Agoodpersonnevergivesuphis/hernatureevenwhencaughtinadisaster.Camphorcaughtwithfire,emitsmorefragrance.
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Thewholepurposeofworship(Likechanting'mantras',performing'puja'etc.)isforpurifyingthemindandnotforattainingthespiritualknowledge.Spiritual
knowledgecanonlybeattainedbydeepthinkingandreadingandwouldnotbeattainedevenifanyonechantsmillionsof'mantras'.
345

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Whileworkinghardwedofeelabitofsadnessduetotheadverseconditions.Butsurelyinfuturewhenwethinkof'that'work,itgivesusthehappinessand
satisfaction(Ofhavingcompletedtheworkuptotheexpectation).Anygoodandpositiveworktobedonecannotbedonewithoutfacingthehardship.Atthemoment
ofactuallydoingtheworkwemayfeeltheheatofit!Butinfuturethememoriesofitwillsurelygiveapleasantandcoolexperience!
346

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Fortuneofapersonwhositsidle,alsositsidle.Thatofwhostands,alsostands.Thatofwhosleeps,alsosleeps,andfortuneofaperson,whowalks,alsowalks.Here,
subhashitkarsaysthatfortunedoesnotbringanythingtolife,onewhoWorks,orputsefforts,succeeds(youcansayhisfortunealsoworksforhim).Inotherwords
Godhelpsthem,whohelpthemselves.
347

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Courageinadversity,patienceinprosperity,oratoryinassembly,braveryinbattle,fullofinterestinfame,attachmenttoknowledgeallthesearenaturallyfoundinthe
greatpersons.
348

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,
Onemayclaimproprietorshiptoasmuchwealth,asisrequiredtomaintainhimselfbuthewhodesiresproprietorshipovermorethanthat,mustbeconsideredathief
hedeservestobepunished.
349

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AbeggarsaystotheKing,"OKing!BothofusareLokanathas.However,ifImBahuvrIhicompound,youareShaShthiTatpuruSha!"laaoknaaqa:canbeanalysed
intoaBahuvrihicompoundaslaaok:naaqa:yasyasa:hewhosepatronsarethepeople,abeggar.Thesamecompound,analysedintoShashthitatpurusha,wouldbe
laaoksyanaaqa:theLordofthepeople,theKing.
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91515
Whenamandoesnotharbouranybad(orunauspicious)thoughtaboutanycreature,tothatmanofuniformoutlook(view)towardsall,happinessisthereallaround(in
alldirections).
351

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Cloudsinautumndonotcauserain,buttheymakebigsoundwhentheypassby.(Whereas,)monsooncloudsgiverains,withoutmakingnoice.Aninferiorpersonjust
talks,doesnotdoanything,(but)goodapersonacts,doesnottalk(abouthisacts).
352

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10455

Amortal(aman)withthelifeofonehundredyearseven,cannotbefreefromthedebtsofhisparents,fromwhomthebody,whichistherootofthefourprincipal
objectsofhumanlife(Dharma,Artha,KaamaandMoksha),hasoriginatedandbywhomithasbeennourished.
353

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ImmortalityandDeathboththeseresideinthebodyonly.Deathcomesbecauseoftemptationandimmortalitybythetruth.
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32
Inthiseverrotatingwheelofbirthanddeath,whothatisdead,isnotindeedbornagain?Buthealoneis(consideredas)bornbywhosebirth(his)familyattains
eminence.
355

Whoonearthcannotbecontrolledifhismouthisproperlyfilled(hiswantsaresatisfiedbyyou).Evenamrudungam(amusicalinstrument)makessweetsoundif
flourisappliedtoit(flourisappliedtomrudungamtomakeitssoundclearer).
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Inthesituationswhereeverythingisabouttogetdistroyed,awisepersongivesuphalf(orapart)ofwhathehas.Onecanlivewithhalfofwhathewants,butitis
extremelydifficulttowithstandlossofeverything,
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Oneshouldtrytodevelop(relevant)qualities/skillsinhimratherthanmakingnoise(showingoffirrelevantqualities).Acowcannotbesoldbyringingabellinher
neckifshecannotbemilked(makingsweetsoundofbellisirrelevantqualitywhereasgivingmilkisarelevantqualityofacow).Today'sworldofadvertisementtells
usexactlyoppositeofthis.Ittellsustoattractothersbyattractivepackagingratherthancontents.Butbyattractivepackaging,onecanonlyraiseexpectations,butcan
notsatisfythem.
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Hewhoisdevoidofthearts,ofliterarycompositionandmusicisevidentlyabeastwithoutthetailandhornsThatheliveswithouteating(feedingon)grassisthe
greatgoodfortuneofthebeasts!
359
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Heisdeclaredasthebestsaint,whoisnotoverjoyedwhenhonoured,anddoesnotgetangrywheninsultedandalsodoesnotspeakharshwordswhenangry.
360
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Theoathtakenbythewickedpersonareliketheletterswrittenonthewater(Somuchtemporary!).Incontrast,eventheinformalwordsutteredbythesaintlyperson
arelikethelettersimprintedonrocks!
361

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Itisveryverydifficulttolifttherocktillthepeakofthemountain.Butit'sveryveryeasytogetthesamerockfromthepeaktothemountainfoot.(Youjustneedto
givethefirstpush!).Inthesamewayitisverydifficulttasktoinducenoblethoughtsintoaperson'smindandtomakehim/herangoodindividual.Butit'sfarmore
simpletoinducebadhabitsinaperson!
362

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Agreedypersoncanbeconvincedbyuseofwealth(bygivinghimbribe).Hottemperedpersoncanbeconvincedbybeingpolitewithhim.Afoolcanbeconvincedby
makinghimfeelthatyouareactingashewants.Awisepersoncanbeconvincedbytellinghimthegistofthematter.
363

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Throughunrighteousnessamanprospers,forawhilethenheexperiencesgoodfortune,afterwardsheconquershisenemiesbut(attheend)heperishes,tearingroot
andbranch.
364

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Knowledgeisafriendduringtravel.Wifeisafriendinhome.Medicinesarethefriendsduringillnessandourgooddeeds(Dharma)arefriendsafterdeath!
365

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Thosewhoareborninagreatfamilyandarehandsomeandyoung,butdonotpossessanyknowledge,arelikeabeautifulflowerwithoutfregnance.
366


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Onyourforehead,byBrahmawritten,isyourdestinyThat'swhatdecidesifyouhavelittleorlotsofmoneyItmattersnotwhetheryouseekinadesertormountainof
goldDon'tkneelandcrawlbeforetherich,don'tbepitied,bebold.JustwatchthewaterapailcangetfromawellormightyseaThesource,yougoto,makesno
differenceinapail'scapacity.
Itisdestinythatdeterminesonebecomeswealthyorpoor.So,itdoesnotmatterwhereyouseekwealth.Therefore,donotgobeggingoractingservileandpitiably
withtherich.Itdoesnotmatterwhetheryougotoawellortheocean.Theamountofwateryoucangatherdependsonlyonthesizeofyourpail.Referencetodestiny
heredoesnotimplyfatalism,.Itindicatestheobservationbythepoetthateverythinginlifeisnotunderone'scontrol,andthatevenaftermakingone'sbestefforts,
whatonecanattaininlifedependsonone'sowninnatecapabilities.Hencethereferencetoapail'scapacitytoholdwater.
367

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Apersonwhoworksforbenefittheruler,isdislikedbythepeople.Theonewhoworksforthewelfareofthepeople,isdislikedbytheruler.So,itisdifficulttofinda
personwhocanworkforbenefitoftheboth,whereheisfacingequallystrongoppositionfromboththesides.(itwillbeverydifficultdosomethingwhichislikedby
bothsides,iftheirinterestsareclashing.)ThisSubhashitaissuitableforasituationwhererulersarenotparticularlycontributingtowardsthewelfareoftheirsubjects,
andtheiractionsareprimarilydrivenbytheirownvestedinterests.
368

Thelampdestroysdarkness,itbringshealthandwealth.Lampisforthewelfareofallhumans.Oflameoflamp,Ibowtoyou.
369

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23
That'karma'(action),whichdoesnotboundthesoulbackinthelifeanddeathcycleisthereal'karma'.That'vidyA'(knowledge)whichbringsliberationtothesoul,is
thereal'vidyA'.Restall'karmas'leadjusttohardshipandrestallformsofknowledgearenothingbutinformationspecalizations(orstampcollection)!
AccordingtoourIndianculture,liberationofsoul(moksha)istheultimateaimoflife.Therearemanypaths(yoga)towardsmoksha.Oneofthethemis
'niSkAmakarmayoga'(actionswithoutdesire).Theone,whoseactionsaredrivenbydesire,failstoattainmoksha.Thekarmawhichisdrivenbydesireisbindingto
soul(i.e.itwilladdtohispApa(baddeed)orpunya(gooddeed)),andsometimelater,hewilleithergetrewardorpenaltyforthedeed.Ifthesamekarmaisdone
withoutanydesire,orifthepersonperformsthekarmajustashisduty,withoutclaimingitsfruits(niShkAmakarma)hedoesnotgetanyrewardorpenalty.Thosewho
canpracticethisfortheirlife,canattainmoksha.ThevidyAwhichhelpsinpracticingthisniShkAmakarmaisrealvidya.
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Ifthepersonatthepeakofhiswealthsays'NoNo'tothepoorandneedypersonthenbeassuredthatinfuturethatpersonwillhavetosay'GiveGive'!!
371

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Thebadwork('pApa')doneinotherplacesgetvanishedintheholyplaces.Incontrastthesamebaddeedscommittedintheholyplacesgetsinscribedontherocks
unwashable!!Thelessonisthatthepurestandsacredatmosphereoftheholyplaceswilltransformapersonandmakehimrepentonhisearliersins!Butifatalla
persondoescommitsininsuchplacethenitcanneverbeforgivedforhavingpollutedthegreatnessoftheplace.
372

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Inthismeaninglessworldonlyoneplaceisworthtolivein!Andthatplaceisthehomeoffatherinlaw!AndseethereforeLordShankarstaysinhimalayasandLord
VishnustaysintheSea!!(HimalayisfatherofmotherParvatiandSeaisconsideredasfatherofGodeesLaxmiasshewasbornfromthe'samudramanthana')
373

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Alionesshavingonlyonecubrelaxesassheisassuredthathercubwillbringthehunt.Butthedonkeyevenifhavingtenchildrenwillhavetocarryherloadherself!
374
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Goodcharacter(whichischaracterisedbyagoodbeheviour)isourfirst(andthemostimportent)duty.Greatscholarshavesaidthis.Sooneshouldpreserve/observe
themgreaterthanone`slife.
375


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Thecoldwater,sandalpasteandcoldshadedonotgivepleasurethatmuchlikesweetspeechgivespleasure.
376

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Thebravepeopledonotlikebeingpraisedinfrontofthem.Theydisplaytheirvaliournotbywordsbutbydoingdifficultdeeds.
377

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Eventhehugemountainsmaystartmovingduetothemightywindatthetimeofdoomsday('pralay').Butthemindsofbravepersonswillneverevergetperturbed.
378

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Inthemind,speechandaction,thegreatsoulsaresame,butthewickedaredifferentinmind,speechandaction.(Wickedpeoplewillnotbetruthful).
379

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OhLord,pleasedofulfillthisexpectationthat
Inourliveswhateverwegivetoothersshouldbegreaterthanwhatever
weborrowfromothers.
PuttinginsimilarcontextwecanpraytoLordthatOhLordPleasegrant
meafavourthatletnumberofpeoplewhogetbenefitedandhappybyme
bealwaysmorethanthosewhogetharmedandpainedbyme!
Thisisanachievableaccomplishmentforanaverageindividualinhis/her
lifetimewhoislongingformaterialpleasuresalongwithamoderate
depositofpunyainhis/heraccount!!
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Truthismymother,knowledgeismyfather,Dharmaismybrother,
Mercifulnessismyfriend,Calmness(peacefulness)ismywifeandforgivenessmyson.
Theresixaremykithandkeens.
381

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4,622
WhenRavanawasforcefullytakingawaySita,shehadthrownfewofherornaments
inahopethatRamamightseethoseandmakehiswaytoher.
RamashowedtheseornamentstoLakshmanaandaskedifhecouldrecognizethose.
AtthatmomentLakshmanasaidIdoknowaboutSitasearringsnorcanIidentifyany
otherornamentsofher.
Beingalwaysatherfeettogetherblessings,Icanonlysaythatthisfeetchain(nupure)
certainlybelongstoher.
ManysalutestoLakshmanassuchpuredevotion!
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1830
AftergettingtheboonsfromKingDasharathathatBharatabecrownedandRamabesenttoforest,KaikaitoldLordRamathatKingDasharathaisnotwillingto
conveythesadmessagetohim.SoifRamaisinterestedinfollowingwhatKingDasharathadesiresonlythenshecanconveythemessage.
AtthatmomentRamaexclaimedwithsorrowandmentionedthathecouldevenjumpintothefireonthecommandofkingDasharatha.SoherequestedKaikaimatato
orderhimwhatKingDasharathawants.HetookoaththathewoulddowhateverKingDasharathasays!ShreeRamanevergiveshiswordstwice!Thereforeheis
knowntobeekvachani(Ifoncesaid,itwillbedoneatanycost).
383

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WhenKaikaiaskskingDashrathatogivehertheboonthatRamabesenttoexileatthatmomentkingDashrathasays,Itmayhappenthatthisworldmaysurvive
withoutsunorthecropsmaygrowwithoutwater.ButwithoutRamamybodywillnotbeabletoholdthelife!
ThisreallybecametrueafterRamawenttoexileKingDashrathalefthisbodyindeepsorrowofRamasseparation.
384
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Mountainlookveryspectacularfromdistance.Prostituteslookverybeautifulwhentheymakeup.Warstoriesareveryinteresting.Allthesethreethingsareinteresting
fromdistance(Betterbeawayfromthem).
385
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AnAcharya(spiritualguidepersonhavingknowledgeofallVedas,inmodernterms,ChancellorofUniversity)istentimessuperiortoanUpadhyaya(Personwho
masterspartofVedas,inmodernterms,aprofessor),FatherislikehundredAcharyas,andperson'sMotheristhousandtimessuperiortoFather!
386

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ThosewhoareindistressprayGod(Theyarenotrealdevotees).Thosewhoarehavingsomediseasefollowstrictdosanddonts(Theypretendtodotapa).Those
whoarepoorwishtomakesomedonations(Theyfeeltheyaregenerous)andaoldagedladyportraysherselfashavinggoodcharacter!
SuBAshitkArsaysthatmanypeopleonlyactasiftheypossessgoodvirtues.Manytimesitsonlyduetosomecircumstances.
387

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ThesesentencesareutteredbyKausalya,motherofLordRama.
WhenRamawasexiledbyhisfatherKingDashratha,Kausalyaindeepgriefsaidbadwordstoherhusbandeventhoughsheknewthatitwasnotherhusbandsfault.
Latersherealisedherfaultandthenshesays

Sorrowkillsonespatience,sorrowmakesforgetonesabilitytodistinguishbetweengoodandbad,sorrowtakesawayallgoodqualitiesandthusthesorrowisthe
biggestenemyofanindividual.
Thusoneshouldnotgivehimself/herselfinthehandsofsorrow.
388
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ThisshlokaisfromMahabharataandsothereadershouldbefamiliarwiththisfamous
epictounderstandandappreciatethemeaningoftheshloka.
WithBhishmaandDronaasitsbanks,Jayadrathaasitswater,Gandharaasbluelily,Salya
asshark,Kripaasthespeedofthewaterflow,karnaasitsbreakers,Ashwatthamaandvikarna
asitskillerwhalesandDuryodhanaasitswhirlpools,theriverofbattlewassuccessfullycrossed
byPandavas,onlybecausetheirboatmanwasLordKrishna.
389

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Onecannotguesswhatapersonisgoingtodo.Onecannotunderstandor
appreciateapersonsadviceortheimportanceofthetaskasemphasisedbyhim/her.
Onlyafterpeopleseethesweetfruitsasaresultofdoingsuchataskthenone
recognisessuchapersonsgreatness,whocanberightlycalledasaPandit.
Togiveanexample,VeerSavarkargavecalltoIndianyouthsduringsecond
worldwartojoinBritishArmy.ThiswasthetimewhenaniBritishsentiments
amoungtheIndianswasatitspeakandmanypeoplewonderedthathowcan
suchapatriotandacrownofIndianrevolutionariessaysuchthing!Butafterthe
independencepeoplesawthefruitsofVeerSavarkarsappeal.Aslavenationhaving
beendeprivedofarmsforcenturiesneededexperiencedsoldiershavingexpertisein
modernarmsandammunitionsforbuildinganindependentarmy.
IndianArmyGeneralShri.ThimappainthepostindependentIndiawassoldierin
secondworldwar!!
390

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ThesetwoshlokasfromAranyaParvaofMahabharataoccurasthepartoffamousdialoguebetween
YakshaandDharmarajYudhisthira,popularlyknownasYakshaPrashnaepisode.
YakshaaskedWhatisweightier(moresustaining)thantheearthandwhatishigherthanthesky?
Whatisswifterthanthewindandwhatismorenumerousthangrass?
YudhisthirarepliedThemotherismoresustaining(weightier)thantheearthandfatherishigher
(bestowerofmorebenefits)thanthesky.Themindisswifterthanthewindandthoughts(ofasorrowstrickenmind)
aremorenumerousthangrass.
TheearthandskyareoftencomparedtothemotherandfatherintheVedas.Theearthsustainsandtheskygives

rainbutthemothersustainsandnourishesherchildrenwithmuchmorecareandloveandthefatheralsobestows
morebenefitsonhischildren.
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Background
YakshaputforththefollowingquestiontoYudhishthiraWhoistheenemyofmendifficulttoconquer
andwhatistheendlessdisease?Whatisthenatureofagoodmanandwhatisthenatureofabadman?.
TheaboveSuBAshitaistheanswergivenbyYudhishthira
Angeristheenemyofmendifficulttoconquerandcovetousness(greed)istheendlessdesire.
Agoodmanisonewhoseekswelfareofallbeingsandabadmanisonewhohasnocompassionormercy.
392

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YakshahadaskedYudhishthira,Whatisthenews?
InanswertothatYudhishthirasaid
Inthisfryingpanofgreatillusion(theworld),Timeiscookingthe
Creatureswiththefireofthesunhavingthedaysandnightsasitsfuel
andthemonthsandseasonsconstitutingitsladle.Thisisnews.
Timeconsumeseverythingandhenceoneshouldutilizetheavailable
littletimeforhisownemancipation.Manypeopledonotrealisethatthey
aregraduallybeingconsumedbytimeandhencethatisthenewsdeserving
widestpublicity.
393
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AfterseeingthedeadbodyofherhusbandRavana,Mandodariuttered,
Itissaidthatwhenthetearsofapativrata(adevoutwife)dropontheland,
theydonotgowaste.Andthishasbeenprovedonceagaininyourcase.
Vratameansthatwhichisstrictlyfollowedwithutmostdevotionandmissionaryzeal.
Sita,havingfollowedthevrataofbeingdevotedtoherLordRama,hadattainedaspritual
andmoraldepth.AndRavanahavingcapturedandtorturedsuchanelevatedsoulhadto
payforhissin.Mandodariswisdomhastoappreciatedthateveninthetimeofgreatest
sorrowshecouldunderstandtherealcauseofherhusbandsdemise.
394
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313
Thevirtuouswhopartakeofwhatisleftoveraftersacrifice,
areabsolvedofallsins.Thosesinfuloneswhocookforthesake
ofnourishingtheirbodyaloneeatonlysin.
BhagwanShreeKrishnahashighlightedthatanindividualshouldnot
liveonlyforhimself/herself.Themessageofhelpingothersanddoing
somecharityisconveyed,whichistheutmostneedofthishour.
Alsonotethatthewordyadnyahasmuchmorewidemeaningotherthan

onlytheritualpartofit.
395
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Leavethecompanyofbadandevilatallconditions.Becauseitwillleadtodesires
(worldly/bad),fromthenonfulfillmentofthesedesires,angerandmoHa(attachment)
willariseandfurtherinthischainthebuddhi(intelligence)willgetdestroyedandatthe
enditwillbetotaldestruction.(RefertosuBAshitaNo.253)
Thebadqualities,eventhoughpresentinsmalltracesinthehumanmind,likethatoftiny
waves,wouldeventuallygetdevelopedintoabigoceanduetothecompanyofbadand
evilpeople!
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TheabovesubhAshitteachesusthreethingstobelearntfromaDonkey.
andthoseare:
1.Hecarriesload(meaningheslogs,takespains..thats
whatwealsohavetodotoachiveour

objectives)withouttakinganyrest

2.Hedoesn'tcareaboutcold,hot
weather,monsoon...anything...justdoesitwhateverhas

beenassignedtohim...and(thattoowithhonesty)

3.(andafterallthis)heisalwayshappy,doesn't
complainaboutanything.

Thesethreethingscanbelearnfromadonkey....
thatswhatthesubhAshitkarsays.
397

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ThefacialexpressionofShri.Rama(alsohisfeelings)neither
displayedsmileonhearingthegoodnewsofhiscoronationceremonynor
diditdisplayanydismayonhearingthebadnewsofhisexile.MaysuchasightofShri.Ramaalwaysdogoodtous.
Itisnotatallasimplethingforanyordinaryindividualtomaintain
suchabalanceofmindontwoextremelyoppositeconditionsinlife.
ThereforethelasttwolinesofthesuBAshitaisforahumbledevotee
ofShri.RamawhosaysthatMaysuchapuresightofPrabhuShri.Rama
alwaysguideme.
398
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SalutationstoyouOhPoverty!!Iamblessedbecauseofyou!
Beingpoor,Icanseethewholeworldbutnooneelsecanseeme!!(Ratherno
onenoticespoorpeople).
Ifsomeonecanthinkofsuchkindofphilosophyinspiteofhavingtostruggle
forbasicnecessitiesoflifethenwecanonlysaythatsuchapersonisa
realisedsoulfitforliberation!Butsuchpersonsarerarenotonlyinpoor
classbutacrossthewholehumanity!Forusthemessagetotakefromthis
suBAshitaisalwaystrytofindsomethinggoodevenfromtheworst.
399

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||
Lifeofamanislikeashakyreflectionofmooninthewater(isveryshort,andunstable).Knowingthis,humansshouldalwayskeepondoingalonglastingworkthat
benefitsthesociety.
400

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FordefeatingLanka,(LordRama)hadtowalkacrossthesea.Hisopponentwas(powerful)RavaNa,andhisarmywasofmonkeys(AlloddswereagainstRama).
InspiteofthatRamakilledallthedemons.Successofgreatmendependsolelyontheirowncapacities,andnotonthemeanstheygettouse.

SubhashitaRatnavali(CollectionofSubashitaswithEnglishtranslation)(http://subhashitaratnavali.blogspot.com/)

)(http://www.hindisahityadarpan.in/)

(CompleteChanakyaNeetiInHindi&English)(http://www.hindisahityadarpan.in/2012/01/completechanakya

neetiinhindi.html)
"https://sa.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=
_
__&oldid=29019"

(
)

: