Q. a.& b. How many countries participated? & Group of G20.

Ans. The G-20 is made up of the finance ministers and central bank
governors of 19 countries:

• Argentina
• Australia
• Brazil
• Canada
• China
• France
• Germany
• India
• Indonesia
• Italy
• Japan
• Mexico
• Russia
• Saudi Arabia
• South Africa
• Republic of Korea
• Turkey
• United Kingdom
• United States of America

Q.c. Areas of disagreement

Ans. A deal to oppose protectionism and maintain open trade; an
agreement to keep pumping in more taxpayers' cash; a fresh injection of cash
to the International Monetary Fund, which bails out bankrupt nations;
support for new regulations for financial institutions.

Q.d.Areas of agreement

Ans. A deal to oppose protectionism and maintain open trade; an

agreement to keep pumping in more taxpayers' cash; a fresh injection of cash
to the International Monetary Fund, which bails out bankrupt nations;
support for new regulations for financial institutions.
 The G20 agree to a multi-billion-pound package to provide more aid to
Africa and the rest of the developing world.

Q.f. Stand taken by US, China, India, Brazil on the issues

Developed world to blame if climate talks fail, says Ramesh
December 17th, 2009 COPENHAGEN - Amid fears of a collapse in
Copenhagen, Indian Minister of State for Environment Jairam Ramesh
Thursday said the developed world would be blamed if the climate change
talks here fail. Refusing to shoulder any burden of a possible failure at the
summit, Ramesh said: India, China, South Africa and Brazil are working
very closely together.

Merkel demands movement from India and China on climate

December 7th, 2009 MAINZ - German Chancellor Angela Merkel called
Monday for movement by India and China at the world climate summit.
Speaking in a special news broadcast on Germany's ZDF public television,
she said big emerging economies had not offered enough.

US-China military engagement lagging behind: US Pacific commander

December 4th, 2009 more images more imagesNEW DELHI - US Pacific
Commander Admiral Robert F. Willard Friday said that the US-China
military engagement lags behind and there is a need to give a push to
bilateral defence ties.

China, US have no role in India-Pakistan issues: Yechury

November 21st, 2009 NEW DELHI - The Left parties are opposed to any
third party intervention -- be it by the US or China -- in India and Pakistan
issues, a Communist Party of India-Marxist Politburo member said here
Saturday. "We are very clear and have made our stand clear that as far as
India-Pakistan issues are concerned, there is no role for any third party.

Q.g. Stand taken by African bloc

Head of African bloc calls on poorer nations to compromise over climate
funding.

The head of the African group of nations at the UN climate change

conference in Copenhagen has proposed a finance deal where rich countries
would pay for schemes to help poor states adapt to climate change and
develop their economies using clean technology.

The proposal, from the Ethiopian prime minister, Meles Zenawi, of $50bn
(£44bn) a year for poor countries by 2015 and $100bn (£89bn) by 2020, is
far less than many developing nations had been calling for, but is roughly in
line with a proposal in June by the UK prime minister, Gordon Brown, and
an offer agreed by the EU in October.

Control over the funds would lie with the countries receiving the money.
The G77 group of 130 countries, backed by the least developed countries
and small island states, has long proposed that $400bn (£356bn) a year, or
1% of rich countries' GDP, would be the appropriate figure.

Meles also proposed that 50% of the fund created should be allocated to
vulnerable and poor countries as well as "regions such as Africa and small
island states".

In addition, he suggested that a group of high level financial experts

investigate and report back within six months on possible "innovative" ways
to raise the money. IMF special drawing rights, as proposed by the G77 and
financier George Soros, a carbon tax, a possible "Tobin tax" on all financial
transactions and even taxes on flights and shipping would all be assessed.
His proposal is likely to have been largely agreed by rich countries
following intense talks in the last 24 hours between Meles, Gordon Brown
and other world leaders.

Meles admitted that many Africans would not be happy: "I know my
proposal will disappoint those Africans who ... have asked for full
compensation ... for damage done to our development prospects. My
proposal dramatically scales back our expectation of the level of funding in
return for more reliable funding and a seat at the table in the management of
such fund."

"Because we stand to lose more than others we have to be flexible," he said,

adding that there was a danger that no deal would be done. "That is not an
idle threat but a solemn promise by Africa that we will strive for a fair and
just deal," he said.