Isoelectric Point of a Neutral Amino Acid - Alanine

pKa 2.3

pKa 9.7

+
O

O
+
H3N

+
H3N

H2N

OH

Isoelectric point

Mole fraction

1.0

0.5

2.3 + 9.7
2

pI =

= 6.0

0.0
0

7
pH

10

11

12

13

14

Isoelectric Point of an Acidic Amino Acid - Aspartic Acid

pKa 2.1

pKa 3.9

pKa 9.8

+
O

O
+
H3N

OH

+
H3N

H2N

OH
O

O
+
H3N

OH

--

O
O

Isoelectric point

Mole fraction

1.0

0.5

pI =

2.1 + 3.0
2

= 3.0

0.0
0

7
pH

10

11

12

13

14

Isoelectric Point of a Basic Amino Acid - Lysine

+
+

pKa 2.2

pKa 9.0

O
+
H3N

pKa 10.5
O

O
+
H3N

OH

H2N

NH3
+

NH3
+

NH3
+

H2N

NH2

pI =

0.5

9.0 + 10.5
2

Isoelectric point

Mole fraction

1.0

= 9.7

0.0
0

7
pH

10

11

12

13

14