3)

Early thermal Cracking Check in wall

1 Control of crack spacing

Minimum reinforcement area As

Ac . (fct*/fy)

Ac = Area of effective concrete

b

1000 mm
500 mm

Take d as

250 mm

Hence, Ac

250000 sq.mm

Tensile strength of immature concrete fct = 0.12(fcu)^0.7

fcu

Cube Strength

fct

40 N/sq.mm

1.59 N/sq.mm

fy

500 N/sq.mm

hence, min. As

794 sq.mm

2 Control of Crack Width

As = (fct*/fb) . Ac . /2w . [ r( sh + th) - 0.5 ult ]
fct*/fb

Ac

0.67 For Type 2 deformed

250000 sq.mm

Bar size

16 mm

Crack width, w

0.200 mm

Shrinkage strain sh

1.00E-04

Thermal strain th

4.13E-04 (refer calculations below)

Ult. Tensile strain Capacity

2.00E-04

ult

Restraint Factor R

0.50 (refer table below)

Calculation of Thermal Strain

th

= 0.8

(T1 + T2)

Coeff. Of thermal exp. of concrete

0
1.20E-05 / C

T1 = Short term fall in temperature from hydration peak to ambient conditions

Steel formwork
Cement
Content
300

Winter
0

18mm plywood formwork

Summer
0

12

Winter
0

18

20

Summer
0

28

350

15

23

27

35

400

17

27

32

43

Choose T1 as
Is section thicker than 500mm

=
(Y/N)

0
43 C

(Y = Yes = increase value by 10 deg. ; N = No = no change)

Hence T1

(from table 1 BS5400 - severe expos,)

0
43 C

Is sulphate resisting portland cement used? (Y/N)

(Used 60% GGBS)

(Y = Yes = decrease value by 20% ; N = No = no change)

Hence T1

0
43 C

T2 = Long term fall in temperature from ambient to the seasonal minimum

Summer
0

Winter
0

20

10

Choose T2 as

Are full movement joints provided <= 15m

0
20 C

(Y = Yes = T2=0 ; N = No = Use T2)

0
20 C

Hence T2

Is restraint subjected to same climatic exposure?

0
0 C

(Y = Yes = T2=0 ; N = No = Use T2)

Hence T2
Hence, Thermal strain

th = 0.8

(T1 + T2)

4.13E-04

Restraint Factor
Factor

Restraint Condition
External

Base on blinding

0.20

Edge restraint in box type deck

cast in stages

0.50

Wall cast onto base

0.60

Edge element cast onto slab

0.80

Infill bays

1.00

Internal

0.50

Choose R as

0.50

Area of steel required

1048 sq.mm

Area of steel required per face

1048 sq.mm

For a width

Provide bars of dia

1000 mm
16 mm

Spacing

191.875 mm / face

No. of bars

5.212 Nos.

Area provided

1048 sq.mm

OK