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L'evoluzione Tecnologica Dell'elettronica Automotive
L'evoluzione Tecnologica Dell'elettronica Automotive
Riccardo Groppo
Concurrent challenges
Conclusions
Concurrent challenges
Conclusions
Hence the final product is the result of the accurate The first FIAT’s
assembly of more than 15.000 sophisticated, reliable parts passenger car
(FIAT mod. 4 HP, 1899)
and, on top, it is often available at a very attractive cost
(average 12-30 Euro/kg)
As a matter of fact, the ever more demanding requests in terms The last FIAT’s
of sustainable environment mobility are forcing breakthrough city car
solutions which could give rise to a significant discontinuity (FIAT 500, 2007)
• the total amount of vehicle in use (EU-23) in 2008 was 223 mln.
(33% of worldwide
PC production)
(27% of worldwide
MV production)
Tax revenue ACEA members 2006 Bn Euro 360 3,5% of EU15 GDP
from MV worldwide
European suppliers are leading the automotive market, both in terms of market
share and technological contents
8
4 Robert BOSCH
5 29
6 Continental
DENSO
Delphi
HITACHI
Keihin
Magneti Marelli
14
20 Others
14
1 7
9
Automotive
26
Communications
Consumer
Data Processing
Industrial
38
19 Military/Civil
Aeropspace
• The whole automotive semiconductors market value amounted to 16,5 B$ (2009) and should exceed 33 B$
(2016) with a growth rate (CAAGR) in the range of 7%
• Europe still represents the biggest market (5,7 B$), due to the highest technological contents of its
vehicles, followed by US (3,3 B$) and Japan (3,1 B$).
• The specificity of the automotive applications is demonstrated by the ASIC share ( >10% )
40.000
Source: Strategy Analytics, 2010
35.000
30.000
25.000
20.000
15.000
10.000
5.000
0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Automotive Semiconductors
(Including Audio & Sensors) (B$) 19.317 19.105 16.477 19.516 22.510 25.431 28.395 30.505 32.113 33.483
• Worthy to notice the relevance of the silicon based sensors within the automotive semiconductors
market: it should exceed 3 B$ in 2013 with a growth rate (CAAGR) close to 12%
4.000
Source: Strategy Analytics, 2010
3.500
3.000
2.500
2.000
1.500
1.000
500
0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Automotive Semiconductor
2.186 2.210 1.891 2.225 2.548 2.884 3.229 3.456 3.605 3.697
Sensors (B$)
Concurrent challenges
Conclusions
Environmental requirements
• Reduction of Diesel particulate and NOx emission down to the gasoline
levels (“fuel neutral emissions”)
• Need for ultra-low emissions for urban vehicles in critical metropolitan
areas
Fuel consumption and CO2 emission reduction under the pressure of both
regulation ( e.g. European CAFE) and market (e.g. fuel cost)
Long term:
• electrification/hybrids will expand once they become a cost effective offer
to the final customer
Concurrent challenges
Conclusions
5000
India
4500 China
4000
S. Korea
Europe
Excludes ROW • According to most of the analysts there
3500 Japan
will be a remarkable market
Production (k Units)
NAFTA
3000
2500
penetration of EV, PHEV over the next
2000 decade.
1500
1000
However “significant investments by a
500 variety of players will be necessary to
0
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
ensure barriers to market acceptance
Includes full & mild hybrids, plug-ins and pure EVs are tackled and to realize all-electric
Data from Strategy Analytics’ AES Service. Based on NAFTA, Europe,
Japan, S. Korea, India & China Vehicle Production motoring’s potential”. (Source ACEA 2009)
3000
• Requires a fast change at all levels
2500
• driving habits
2000
• supplier chain
kUnits/year
• battery manufacturing
1500
1000
• infrastructure
500
• car service
0
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Baseline Moderate Optimistic • Highly pushed by market demands and
WW Electric Vehicle Market Volumes
Source: Strategy Analytics, 2009 government incentives
May 2010 Automotive Forum 2010 – National Instruments 18
The vehicle electrification: a wide range of architectures
Engine
Bat. 12V board net
HV Bat. 30 kW DC/DC
Mgn
DC/DC LV Bat.
Transmission
Engine
Inver. Inver.
Generator Starter
Mot1 Mot2 T
Rect. Reg. Relay
LV Bat. μ-hybrid
Two mode
Serial - hybrid
Engine
Inv-1 Inv-2
The technological transfer of the power electronics from the already existing
industrial domain into the automotive is troublesome and far from being
acceptable:
• qualification process (automotive grade)
• harsh environment (temperature, vibration)
• life time
• reliability
• level of integration
• cost
Concurrent challenges
Conclusions
• Increased processing performances and large on-board NVM for embedded uCs
Engine Control 50 ms – 5 ms
Transmission Control 2 ms – 1 ms
2MB
Embedded
32bit µC
Flash
with
peripherals
• In recent years car makers have experienced new quality challenges arising
from automotive electronic subsystems (i.e. mechatronic units, smart-
sensors).
• In depth failure analysis has clearly demonstrated that complex active
devices which fulfilled the requirements of AEC-Q100 were not sufficiently
robust in the field.
SWIRL control systems- via crack in RAIL pressure systems- ESD via spot
the EEPROM structure
May 2010 27
Zero defect: from design to manufacturing flow
Units Shipped, WW
confirmed failures
7
4,000,000
• continuous improvement in order to add new 6
3,000,000 5
learning to ZD foundation
4
• continue to raise the ZD requirements every 2,000,000
3
customer
M r
M pr
Se g
Se g
Ju y
Ja ec
Ju y
Ja ec
D v
Fe 7
D v
8
Mb
b
n
n
p
Noct
Op
Noct
06
Auul
ar
l
Ju
Ap
a
a
n0
n0
Au
Fe
O
J
A
ar
M
• The International Standard ISO 26262 addresses the whole life cycle1 of safety related
systems which include one or more E/E systems and which are installed in road vehicles of
categories M, N and O (See also ISO 3833:1997 “Road vehicles - Types - Terms and definitions”)
Concurrent challenges
Conclusions
• The auto-vehicle will remain “the” solution for the individual mobility needs
over the next years
• Breakthrough in car segmentation will likely occur, thus making the urban
mobility sustainable
90.000 SEGM. G - H
80.000
SEGM. D - E
70.000
60.000
SEGM. I - L2
50.000
40.000
30.000
Cost [Euro] SEGM. A - B - C - L0
20.000
10.000
Weight [kg]
0
600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400