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PHN I: TNG QUAN V CHNG CT

1. Li m du
Chng ct l qu trnh dng nhit tch mt hn hp lng ra thnh cc cu t ring
bit da vo bay hi khc nhau ca cc cu t trong hn hp cng mt nhit .
Chng ct l phng php phn tch c bn nht, i khi gn nh l phng php duy
nht c s dng trong mt nh my phn chia du m v kh t nhin cng nh cc
phn on ca chng thnh cc phn on v tiu phn on. Ngi ta cn chng ct
khng nhng du th, kh ng hnh, kh t nhin m c sn phm ra khi cc l phn
ng ha hc dng trong cc qu trnh ch bin su du m cng nh trong lnh vc ha
du. S chng ct c tin hnh trong cc thit b chng ct gm thp chng ct v cc
thit b ph tr khc nh l gia nhit, thit b lm lnh Hu ht cc thp chng ct dng
trong cng ngh lc du v ch bin kh t nhin l thp a. Trong mt thp chng ct
lun c nhiu a. Cc thng s v thp chng ct (c bit l v a) ph thuc vo
nhiu yu t khc. a l phn quan trng nht ca thp chng ct, v vy vic tnh ton
cc thng s k thut ca a c ngha hng u trong vic thit k, la chn hoc xc
nh ch lm vic ca thp chng ct. N l mt cng vic rt cn thit i vi ngi
k s cng ngh, c bit l k s cng ngh lc du. Ngoi ra, n cn i hi ngi k s
cng ngh lc du phi c kin thc chuyn mn vng vng v kinh nghim thc t,
chnh v vy m n em ch xin cp n vic tnh ton mt s cc thng s c bn
trong thp chng ct v tr ly sn phm m bi yu cu.

2. Cc loi chng ct
2.1 Chng n gin
Chng n gin l qu trnh chng ct c tin hnh bng cch bay hi dn dn, mt
ln hay nhiu ln, mt hn hp cht lng cn chng.
a. Chng bay hi dn dn:
Thit b (2) t nng lin tc hn hp cht lng trong bng chng (1) t nhit
thp ti nhit si cui khi lin tc tch hi sn phm v ngng t hi bay ra trong thit
b ngng t (3) v thu c sn phm lng trong b cha (4).Phng php ny thng p
dng trong phng th nghim.
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b. Chng ct bng cch bay hi mt ln:

Phng php ny cn c gi l bay hi cn bng.

Hnh 1: S chng ct bay hi mt ln

Hn hp cht lng c cho lin tc vo thit b un si (2), y hn hp c un
nng n nhit xc nh v p sut P cho trc. Pha lng hi c to thnh v t
n trng thi cn bng, iu kin li c cho vo thit b phn chia mt ln trong
thit b on nhit (1). Pha hi qua thit b ngng t (3) ri vo b cha (4), t ta nhn
c phn ct. Pha di thit b (1) l pha lng c tch ra lin tc v ta nhn c
phn cn.
T l gia lng hi c to thnh khi bay hi mt ln vi lng cht lng
nguyn liu chng ban u c gi l phn chng ct.
Chng ct mt ln nh vy s cho php nhn c phn chng ct ln hn so vi
bay hi dn dn cng mt iu kin v nhit v p sut.
u im: Qu trnh chng ct ny cho php p dng trong thc t chng ct du. Tuy
vi nhit chng b gii hn, nhng vn cho php nhn c mt lng phn ct ln
hn.

c. Chng ct bay hi nhiu ln:

L qu trnh gm nhiu qu trnh bay hi mt ln ni tip nhau nhit tng cao
dn (hay p sut thp hn) i vi phn cn.

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Hnh 2: S chng ct bay hi nhiu ln

Ch thch:
1. Thp chng nhit thp
2. Thp chng nhit cao
3. Thit b gia nhit
4. Thit b ngng t
5. Bnh cha sn phm
I. Nhin liu
II. Phn ct nh
III. Cn chng ct nhit thp
IV. Phn ct nng
V. Cn chng ct nhit cao
Nhin liu (I) c cho qua thit b gia nhit (3) v c lm nng n nhit
cn thit, sau cho vo thp chng on nhit (1).

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y phn nh c bay hi trn nh v qua thit b lm lnh (4). Sau vo b

cha (5). Phn nng y thp (1) c gia nhit (3) v dn vo thp chng on nhit
(2). Thp chng ny c p sut thp hn so vi p sut thp chng (1) v phn nh bay
hi ln nh, qua thit b ngng t (4) v sau vo b (5). Ta thu c phn sn phm
nng (IV). y thp (2) ta thu c phn cn ca qu trnh chng (V).
Phng php chng ct du bng bay hi mt ln v bay hi nhiu ln c ngha
rt ln trong thc t cng nghip ch bin du cc dy chuyn hot ng lin tc. Qu
trnh bay hi mt ln c p dng khi t nng du trong cc thit b trao i nhit,
trong l ng v tip theo qu trnh tch pha hi khi pha lng b phn cung cp, phn
phi ca thp tinh luyn.
Chng n gin, nht l vi loi bay hi mt ln, khng t c phn tch cao
khi cn phn tch r rng cc cu t ca hn hp cht lng.
2.2. Chng ct phc tp
nng cao kh nng phn chia mt hn hp cht lng phi tin hnh chng ct
c hi lu hay chng ct c tinh luyn l chng ct phc tp.
Chng ct c hi lu:
Chng ct c hi lu l qu trnh chng khi ly mt phn cht lng ngng t t
hi tch ra cho quay li ti vo dng hi bay ln. Nh c s tip xc ng u v thm
mt ln na gia pha lng v pha hi m pha hi khi tch ra khi h thng li c lm
giu thm cu t nh (c nhit si thp hn) so vi khi khng c hi lu, nh vy m
c phn chia cao hn. Vic hi lu li cht lng c khng ch bng b phn c bit
v c b tr pha trn thit b chng ct.
Nguyn liu (I) qua thit b un nng (2) ri a vo thp chng (1) phn hi i ln nh
thp sau qua thit b lm lnh v thu c sn phm (II). Phn y c tho ra l cn
(III) mt phn c gia nhit hi lu tr li y thp thc hin tip qu trnh chng ct
thu c sn phm.

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Hnh 3: S chng ct phc tp c hi lu

2.3. Chng ct trong chn khng v chng ct bng hi nc.
Hn hp cc cu trc trong du th thng khng bn, d b phn hu khi tng
nhit . Trong s cc hp cht d b phn hu nhit nht l cc hp cht cha lu hunh,
cc cht cao phn t nh nha Cc hp cht paraffinic km bn nhit hn cc hp cht
naphtenic v cc naphtenic li km bn nhit hn cc hp cht thm. bn ca cc cu
t to thnh du khng ch ph thuc vo nhit m cn ph thuc c vo thi gian ti p
xc nhit . Trong thc t chng ct, i vi cc phn on c nhit cao, ngi
ta cn trnh s phn hu nhit ca chng khi t nng. Tu theo loi du th, trong thc
t khng nn t nng qu 400 420oC vi du khng c hay c cha rt t lu hunh v
khng qu 320 340oC vi du c nhiu lu hunh [1].
S phn hu khi chng ct s lm xu i cc tnh cht lm vic ca sn phm, nh
lm gim nht v nhit bt chy cc kn ca chng, gim bn oxy ha. Nhng
quan trng hn l chng gy nguy him cho qu trnh chng ct v chng to ra cc hp
cht n mn v lm tng p sut thp.
gim mc phn hu, thi gian lu ca nguyn liu nhit cao cng cn
phi hn ch. V d trong thc t chng ct thi gian lu ca nguyn liu du (phn on
cn chng ct kh quyn) y ca thp AD khng ln hn 5 pht v phn on gudron
khi chng chn khng VD ch khong 2 n 5 pht.
Khi nhit si ca hn hp p sut kh quyn cao hn nhit phn hu nhit
ca chng, ngi ta phi dng chng trong chn khng VD hay chng ct vi hi nc
trnh s phn hu nhit. Chn khng lm gim nhit si, cn hi nc cng c tc
dng tng t nh dng chn khng: gim p sut ring phn ca cu t hn hp lm cho
chng si nhit thp hn. Hi nc c dng ngay c trong chng ct kh quyn.
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Khi tinh luyn, n c dng ti bay hi phn on c nhit si thp cn cha

trong mazut hay gudron, trong nhin liu v du nhn. Kt hp dng chn khng v hi
nc khi chng ct phn cn s cho php m bo hiu qu tch su hn phn on du
nhn (c th n 550 600oC).
Cng ngh chng ct du vi hi nc c nhiu u im. Ngoi vic gim p sut
ring phn ca du, n cn tng cng khuy trn cht lng trnh tch nhit cc b, tng
din tch b mt bay hi do to thnh nhng tia v cc bong bng hi. Ngi ta cng
dng hi nc tng cng t nng cn du trong l ng khi chng ct trong chn
khng. Khi t c mc bay hi ln cho nguyn liu du, trnh v ngn nga to
cc trong cc l t nng. Tiu hao hi nc trong trng hp ny khong 0,3 0,5% so
vi nguyn liu.
Trong mt vi trng hp chng hn nh khi nng cao nhit bt chy ca nhin
liu phn lc hay diesel, ngi ta khng dng chng ct vi hi nc m dng qu trnh
bay hi mt ln trnh to thnh nh tng nc bn trong nhin liu.
3. Cc yu t nh hng n qu trnh chng ct:
Cc yu t cng nghip c nh hng trc tip ti hiu sut v cht lng ca qu
trnh chng ct l nhit , p sut v phng php chng ct.
Ch cng ngh chng ct ph thuc nhiu vo cht lng du th ban u, vo
mc ch v yu cu ca qu trnh, vo chng loi v sn phm cn thu v phi c dy
chuyn cng ngh hp l.
V vy khi thit k qu trnh chng ct, ta phi xt k v kt hp y tt c cc
yu t qu trnh chng ct t hiu qu cao nht. Cc yu t cng ngh chng ct du
chnh l cc yu t nh hng ti qu trnh lm vic ca thp chng ct.
3.1.Ch nhit ca thp chng luyn.
Nhit l thng s quan trng nht ca thp chng ct. Bng cch thay i nhit
ca thp s iu chnh c nhit v hiu sut ca sn phm. Ch nhit ca thp
gm nhit ca nguyn liu vo thp, nhit nh thp, nhit trong thp v nhit
y thp.
Nhit ca nguyn liu (du th) vo thp chng ph thuc vo bn cht ca
loi du th, mc phn tch ca sn phm, p sut trong thp v lng hi nc a
vo y thp, nhng ch yu phi trnh s phn hu nhit nhit cao. Nu du th
thuc loi du nng mc phn chia ly sn phm t th nhit vo thp chng luyn
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s khng cn cao. Trong thc t sn phm khi chng ct p sut kh quyn, nhit
nguyn liu vo thp chng luyn thng trong gii hn 320 3600C cn nhit
nguyn liu mazut vo thp chng p sut chn khng thng khong 400 4400C.
Nhit y thp chng luyn ph thuc vo phng php bay hi v hi lu y.
Nu bay hi phn hi lu y bng thit b t nng ring bit th nhit y thp s
ng vi nhit bc hi cn bng p sut ti y thp, nu bc hi bng cch dung hi
nc qu nhit th nhit y thp s thp hn vng np liu.
Nhit y thp phi chn ti u, trnh s phn hu cc cu t nng, nhng li
phi tch ht hi nh khi phn nng.
Nhit nh thp c khng ch nhm m bo s bay hi.
Nhit nh thp chng luyn p sut thng tch xng ra khi du th
thng l 110 1300C, cn i vi thp chng chn khng, khi p sut chng la 10 70
mmHg thng nhit khng qu 1200C. Vi mc ch gim bt mt mt Gasoil
chn khng hay mt mt cc cu t trong phn on du nhn.
bm bo ch nhit ca thp, cng nh phn tch trn l phn chia
cc qu trnh hon thin th phi c hi lu.
Cc dng hi lu: nh thp c hai dng hi lu: Hi lu nng v hi lu lnh.
Hi lu nng: Qu trnh hi lu nng c thc hin bng cch ngng t mt
phn hi sn phm nh nhit si ca n. Khi ti tr li thp, chng ch cn thu
nhit bc hi.
Hi lu ngui: c thc hin bng cch lm ngui v ngng t sn phm nh
ri ti tr li thp chng. Khi lng hi lu cn thu li mt lng nhit cn thi t
un nng n n nhit si cn thit un nng n n nhit si v nhit cn
ho hi. Hi lu ngui s dng rng ri v lng hi lu thng t, lm tng r rng cht
lng m khng gim nhiu nng sut ca thp chng.
Hi lu vng: Qu trnh hi lu trung gian thc hin bng cch ly mt phn sn
phm lng nm trn cc a c nhit l t1, a ra ngoi lm lnh n t0 ri ti tr li
thp, khi cht lng hi lu cn thu mt lng nhit un nng t nhit t0t2.
Hi lu vng c nhiu u im nh: Gim lng hi i ra nh thp, tn dng
c mt lng nhit tha rt ln ca thp chng un nng nguyn liu ban u, tng
cng sut lm vic ca thp.
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Ngi ta thng kt hp hi lu trung gian vi hi lu lnh cho php iu chnh

chnh xc nhit chng dn n m bo c hiu sut v cht lng sn phm ca
qu trnh.
3.2. p sut ca thp chng:
Khi chng luyn du m p sut thng th p sut trong ton thp v mt tit
din cng c khc nhau.
p sut trong thp c th cao hn mt t hay thp hn mt t so vi p sut kh
quyn, tng ng vi vic tng hay gim nhit sn phm ly ra khi thp.
Khi thp chng ct mazut trong thp chng chn khng th thng tin hnh p
sut t 10 70 mmHg.
p sut trong mi tit din ca thp chng luyn ph thuc vo tr lc thu tnh
khi hi qua cc a, ngha l ph thuc vo s a v cu trc a, lu lng ring ca
cht lng v hi. Thng thng t a ny sang a khc, p sut gim t 5 10 mmHg
t di ln khi chng ct, p sut chn khng qua mi a p sut gim t 1 3 mmHg.
p sut lm vic ca thp ph thuc vo nhit , bn cht ca nguyn liu v p
sut ring phn ca tng cu t trong thp. Nu thp chng luyn m dng hi nc trc
tip cho vo y thp th hi nc lm gim p sut ring phn ca hi sn phm u,
cho php cht lng bay hi nhit thp hn. Lng hi nc tiu hao ph thuc vo
p sut chung ca thp v p sut ring phn ca cc sn phm u.
Lng hi nc tiu hao cho thp p sut kh quyn khong 1,2 3,5% trng
lng, i vi thp chng p sut chn khng khong 5 8% trng lng so vi
nguyn liu.

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PHN II: TNH TON NHIT TI V TR LY KEROSEN

TRONG THP CHNG CT KH QUYN
Cc d liu cho trc

[ I 58 ]

Thp chng ct:

Cng sut ca thp: 120m3 du th/h

S a trong thp: 24 a
V tr a np liu: pha di a 24
p sut ti nh thp: 1,5atm
p sut gy ra ti mi a: 8mmHg

Du th:
T khi: d = 0,840
KUOP: Kw = 12,3
c trng ca du th, bao gm ng cong chng ct TBP v t khi tc thi c cho
trong bng sau:
Bng 1
Phn chng
ct
[%V]
3
5
10
15
20
25
30
35

Nhit
[C]

T khi
tc thi

Phn chng ct
[%V]

Nhit
[C]

T khi
tc thi

61
79
120
139
168
196
222
252

0.682
0.706
0.729
0.752
0.767
0.781
0.793
0.807

40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75

272
296
322
349
375
401
427
461

0.821
0.836
0.849
0.861
0.869
0.877
0.885
0.891

Ngoi ra ta cn s dng s liu tnh v tr ly Gas oil trong [ I 67 ] tnh cc

thng s c bn v tr ly Kerosen

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Xng nh

Nc

Xng nng

Kerosen

Hnh 4: S chng ct du th p sut kh quyn

Gas Oil

Theo yu cu ca bi ta s tnh nhit , lu lng ti vng ly sn phm Kerosen

trong thp chng ct du th p sut kh quyn.
Du th

Hi nc

1. Xy dng ng c chng ca du th
1.1 ng cong chng ct TBP ca du th

Vng y thp

AR

T d liu trong bng 1 ta xy dng c ng cong chng ct TBP ca du th

nh hnh sau:
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500
450
400
350
300
Nhit (C)

250
TBP

200
150
100
50
0
0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

%V

Hnh 5: ng cong chng ct TBP ca du th

Da vo ng TBP ta c th chia du th thnh 6 phn on sau bng thp chng
ct kh quyn:

Phn on kh
Phn on xng nh
Phn on xng nng
Phn on Kerosen
Phn on Gas oil
Phn on cn kh quyn AR

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11

1% th tch
12% th tch
16% th tch
6% th tch
16% th tch
49% th tch.

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1.2 ng Flash ca du th 1atm

Da vo hnh 3.11 [ II 71 ] v ng TBP [ hnh 5 ] ta suy ra ng DRL v FRL
v tm c ng Flash

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450
400
350
300
250
Nhit (C)

200

Flash

150
100
50
0
0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

%V

Hnh 6 : ng Flash ca du th

1.3 ng t khi tc thi

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Da vo s liu trong [Bng 1] ta xy dng c ng t khi tc thi ca du th

trong qu trnh chng ct [ Hnh 7]
1
0.95
0.9
0.85
0.8
T khi tc thi
0.75
0.7
0.65
0.6

T khi tc thi

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
%V

Hnh 7: ng t khi tc thi

1.4 ng phn t M tc thi
Da vo Hnh 3.13 [I 61] v d liu bi cho ta tm c ng phn
t lng trung bnh ca du th trong qu trnh chng ct [ Hnh 8]

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500
450
400
350
300
250
Phn t lng M
200
150
100
50
0

M tc thi

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
%V

Hnh
8:

ng phn t M tc thi

1.5 Bng c chng ca cc phn on

Da vo Hinh 5, Hnh 7 v Hnh 8 ta tm c bng c chng ca cc phn on trong
thp chng ct du th ( coi s t khi bng s o khi lng ring)
Bng 2: c chng ca cc phn on
Phn on

%V

Kh + mt
Xng nh
Xng nng
Kerosen
GO

AR
Du th

1
12
16
6
16
51
49
100

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Th tch
[m3/h]
1.2
14.4
19.2
7.2
19.2
61.2
58.8
120.0

T khi
0.667
0.722
0.775
0.806
0.837
0.783
0.900
0.840

16

Khi lng
[tn/h]
0.800
10.397
14.880
5.803
16.070
47.950
52.850
100.800

Phn t
lng
64
99
140
183
220
146
430
223

S kmol/h
12.50
105.05
106.29
61.69
73.05
328.58
122.91
451.49

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2. Tnh ton iu kin vng ly sn phm Kerosen

2.1 S dng vng ly sn phm Kerosen
Da vo cc c tnh khc nhau ca cc dng i vo v i ra vng ly sn phm
Kerosen nh nhit , t khi, th tch, khi lng v Entalpy ta xy dng c s
W2
cc dng n gin sau:
V2

R2

W0 W1

R2

S2

a ly Kerosen

Thp
striping

L2

W2
W1
S1

L2 = 16 m3/h

T1 = 252 oC
L1

V1
R1

Wo

R1

Hnh 9: S dng vng ly Kerosen

Trong :

V1 l dng hi vo t vng ly Gas oil

R1 l dng hi, lng hi lu vo t vng ly Gas oil
W0 l dng hi nc vo t y thp
V2 l dng hi ln vng ly xng nng
R2 l dng hi, lng to ra t dng lng t vng xng nng i
xung
W1 l dng hi nc vo t vng ly Gas oil
W2 l dng hi nc vo t vng ly Kerosen
L2 l dng lng ly ra t vng ly Kerosen
S2 l dng hi b stipping t dng L2
L`2 l dng sn phm Kerosen thu c

2.2 Tnh cc dng vo v ra trong vng ly Kerosen

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a. Dng hi nc vo t thp stripping W2

Ta quyt nh stripping 5% hi nc so vi lng Kerosen ly ra t thp stripping.
Theo hnh 3.15 [ I 63 ], cn dng 38kg hi nc cho 1m3 Kerosen, nn tng lng hi
nc W2 cn dng l :

MW
L

38 L 2 38 7, 2 274

kg/h = 15,2 kmol/h

,
2

Trong
l th tch dng sn phm Kerosen thu c t thp stripping,
3
km /h [ Bng 2 ]

,
2

= 7,2

b. Dng hi i vo t thp Stripping S2

Do dng hi S2 c striping t dng L2 v hi lu ln vng ly xng nng nn ta
xem t khi ca dng S2 bng t khi ca xng nng nh trong [ Bng 2 ] d = 0,775
Mt khc ta stripping 5% hi nc nn lng hi S2 phi stripping l:

VS

5 7, 2
95

= 0,83 m3/h

c. Dng hi lu R2 t vng ly xng nng i xung

Do dng ly sn phm L2 c ly t dng lng R2 nn khi lng ring ca dng R2
bng vi khi lng ring ca dng L2. Da vo cn bng ca thp stripping ta c:
,

L L S
2

V L L V L L V S S
2

Ta xem nh khi lng ring bng t khi nn:

Lp: Lc Ha Du B K53

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SVTH: H Cng

 n Cng Ngh Lc Du

( 7,2 + 0,38)

GVHD: TS.Nguyn Anh Dng

= 7,2

0,806 + 0,38

0,775

= 0,804 tn/m3

Vy t khi ca dng R2 l 0,804

d. Dng hi ln vng ly xng nng V2
Do V2 l tng cc phn on hi ca xng nng, xng nh, kh + mt i qua a ly
Kerosen nn theo [ Bng 2 ] ta c th tch ca dng V2 l:

VV

= 1,2 + 14,4 + 19,2 + 7,2 = 42 m3/h

Da theo [ Bng 2 ] ta cn bit c khi lng ca dng V2

MV

= 0,800 + 10,397 + 14,880 + 5,803 = 31,88 tn/h

Suy ra khi lng ring ca dng V2 l:

= 31,88/42 = 0,759 tn/m3

Vy t khi ca dng V2 l d = 0,759

e. Cc dng khc qua vng ly Kerosen
Da vo Bng 3/4 : S liu lin quan n vng Gas oil [ I 68 ] ta bit c cc
dng ra t vng Gas oil s l cc dng vo ca vng ly Kerosen.

2.3 S liu lin quan n vng ly Kerosen

Ta c:
Nhit vng ly Kerosen cho l T2 = 211C
T khi, th tch, v khi lng ca cc dng c tnh phn trn
Lp: Lc Ha Du B K53

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SVTH: H Cng

 n Cng Ngh Lc Du

GVHD: TS.Nguyn Anh Dng

Etalpi ca cc dng c tra Hnh 3.23 : Entalpi ca cc phn on du m

trong [ II 83 ] da vo nhit v t khi ca cc dng.
Bng 3 : S liu lin quan n vng Kerosen
Dng

Nhit
[C]

T khi

Th tch
[m3/h]

Khi lng
[kg/h]

252
252
252
211
252

0.783
0.835
0.806
0.804

61.2

47920
36709
983
R2
8071

207
202
205
119
743

9919440
7415218
201515
119R2
5996753

211
252
211
211

0.759
0.835
0.804

42.0

31880
53760
R2
8071

184
148
179
690

5865920
7956480
179R2
5568990

Vo
V1 (hi)
R1 (hi)
S1 (hi)
R2 (lng)
W0 + W1
Ra
V2 (hi)
R1+L1(lng)
R2 (hi)
W0 + W1

1.22

Entalpi
kcal/kg
Kcal/h

Da vo cn bng Entalpi tng Entalpi vo bng tng Entalpi ra cho vng ly Kerosen
ta tm c khi lng R2 :
R2 = 70692,3 kg/h
2.4 p sut hi ring phn ca hi Kerosen
Ta c :
Lu lng mol ca dng hi R2
R2 = 70692,3/183 = 386,3 kmol/h
Lu lng mol ca dng hi

,
2

7, 2 0,806 10
183

,
2

= 31,71 kmol/h

Lu lng mol ca dng hi W0 + W1

W0 + W1 = 8071/18 = 448,39 kmol/h
Lp: Lc Ha Du B K53

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SVTH: H Cng

 n Cng Ngh Lc Du

GVHD: TS.Nguyn Anh Dng

Lu lng mol ca dng hi V2

V2 = 12,5 + 105,05 + 106,29 + 31,69 = 255,83 kmol/h
p sut hi ring phn ca hi Kerosen

,
2

c tnh theo cng thc:

P R L P P
R V W W
,

,
2

386,3 31, 71
1,5 760 8 12
386,3 255,83 448,39

= 473 mmHg

Vy p sut ring phn ca hi Kerosen l 473mmHg.

3. Xc nh nhit ti a ly Kerosen
Ta xem nh s chng ct l hon hon, ngha l nhit phn ct nhit kt thc
ca phn on kerosene l trng nhau, hay ni cch khc th l ng chng ct TBP ca
phn on Kerosen cng chnh l on ng TBP tng ng vi phn on Kerosen
trong [Hnh 5 ]. T ta xc nh c TBP ca phn on Kerosen [ Hnh 10 ].
T ng chng ct TBP ca phn on Kerosen ta d dng xc nh c ng
Flash ca phn on Kerosen 1atm [ Hnh 10 ].
Da vo Hnh 3.12: Quan h T50 ng flash cc p sut di 760mmHg [ II 72 ]
v ng Flash ca phn on Kerosen 1atm ta tm c ng Flash ca phn on
Kerosen p sut 473mmHg [ Hnh 10 ].

Lp: Lc Ha Du B K53

21

SVTH: H Cng

 n Cng Ngh Lc Du

GVHD: TS.Nguyn Anh Dng

300

250

TBP Kerosen
Flash Kerosen 1atm
Flash Kerosen 473mmHg

Nhit (C)

200

150
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
%V

Hnh 10: ng chng ct ca phn on Kerosen.

Nhn vo th [ Hnh 10 ] ta thy To trn ng Flash ca Kerosen 473mmHg l
211C. Vy nhit bi cho T2=211C ti a ly Kerosen l chp nhn c.

Lp: Lc Ha Du B K53

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SVTH: H Cng