B GIO DC V O TO

I HC NNG

V CNG TR

TNH TON DM B TNG CT THP

T CT KP THEO CC TIU CHUN
THIT K

Chuyn ngnh:Xy dng cng trnh dn dng v cng nghip

M s: 60.58.20

TM TT LUN VN THC S K THUT

Nng - Nm 2013

Cng trnh c hon thnh ti

I HC NNG

Ngi hng dn khoa hc : TS. TRNG HOI CHNH

Phn bin 1: GS. TS. PHAN QUANG MINH

Phn bin 2: TS. TRN QUANG HNG

Lun vn c bo v ti Hi ng chm Lun vn tt

nghip Thc s K thut hp ti i hc Nng vo ngy
27 thng 9 nm 2013.

C th tm hiu lun vn ti:

Trung tm Thng tin - Hc liu, i hc Nng
Th vin trng i hc Bch khoa, i hc Nng

1
M U
1. Tn ti
Tnh ton dm b tng ct thp t ct kp theo cc tiu chun
thit k.
2. L do chn ti
Ct thp c t vo vng chu nn vi cc l do sau:
+ Nhm mc ch tng kh nng chu lc ca cu kin trong
iu kin tit din dm b hn ch do yu cu kin trc.
+ Gim co ngt v t bin ca b tng trong dm v tng tnh
do ca b tng vng chu nn. Dm c b tr ct thp vng chu
nn c th chuyn t ph hoi dn sang ph hoi do.
Ngoi ra hin nay, c nhiu cng trnh nc ngoi u t vo
Vit Nam, vic thit k tnh ton s dng cc tiu chun khc nhau.
Thng qua ti ny s nh gi c phn no s khc nhau v
cch tnh ton v nh hng ca ct thp vng chu nn trong dm
gia cc tiu chun v gip cho cc nh t vn thit k lu khi s
dng tiu chun ca cc nc tnh ton v kim tra.
3. Mc tiu nghin cu
- Nghin cu tnh ton t ct kp trong dm b tng ct thp
theo cc tiu chun v rt ra kt lun.
- ng dng trong cng tc thit k tnh ton kt cu.
4. i tng v phm vi nghin cu
Nghin cu dm b tng ct thp chu un t ct kp theo
Tiu chun Vit Nam TCVN 5574:2012; Tiu chun Chu u
Eurocode 1992-1-1 v Tiu chun M ACI 318-2002, rt ra kt lun
v nh hng ca ct kp v s khc nhau gia cc tiu chun.
B cc lun vn:
Ngoi phn m u, kt lun v kin ngh, ni dung lun vn

2
c trnh by gm c 3 chng:
- Chng 1: Tng quan v h kt cu dm sn b tng ct thp.
- Chng 2: Tnh ton dm b tng ct thp t ct kp theo
cc tiu chun thit k.
- Chng 3: V d tnh ton.
CHNG 1

TNG QUAN V H KT CU DM SN
B TNG CT THP
1.1. CC H KT CU SN S DNG TRONG CNG
TRNH
1.1.1. Sn c dm (sn sn)
a. Sn sn ton khi c bn dm (sn lm vic mt
phng)
b. Sn sn ton khi c bn k bn cnh (sn lm vic hai
phng)
c. Sn dy sn (sn c)
d. Sn nhiu sn
e. Sn Panen (lp ghp)
1.1.2. Sn phng
1.1.3. Sn phng c dm bt
1.2. NG DNG CA H SN C DM TRONG NH CAO
TNG NNG
Cng trnh Indochina Riverside Tower
Trung tm cng ngh phn mm Nng
Khi cn h - Khu thng mi Vnh Trung Plaza
Khi nh chnh Green Plaza Hotel
Novotel Hotel

3
1.3. NHN XT
Qua cc ni dung nghin cu Chng 1, c th rt ra mt
s nhn xt nh sau:
- Trong thc t, gii php kt cu cho nh cao tng b tng ct
thp lun t ra cc yu cu tho mn ng thi v kh nng chu lc
ca kt cu cng nh p ng ti a yu cu v cng nng v hiu
qu kinh t ca cng trnh. Do tit din dm phi c thit k
hp l v m bo kh nng chu lc.
- Vi kt cu nhp ln, dng h sn c dm bt. m bo
kh nng chu lc, dm bt c t ct kp. Ngoi dm bt, dm c
tit din thanh mnh cng thng c t ct kp.
CHNG 2

TNH TON DM B TNG CT THP

T CT KP THEO CC TIU CHUN THIT K
2.1. TIU CHUN VIT NAM TCVN 5574:2012
Trong khi tnh ton ct thp n, nu m = M/Rb.b.h2o > R th
c th t ct thp As vo vng btng chu nn
2.1.1. S ng sut
2.1.2. Cc cng thc c bn tnh ct thp
Rs.As = Rb.b.x + Rsc.As

(2.1.1)

Mgh = Rb.b.x .(ho x/2) +Rsc.As.(ho a)

(2.1.2)

iu kin cng s nh sau:

M Rb.b.x .(ho x/2) +Rsc.As.(ho a)

(2.1.3)

Rs.As = .Rb.b.ho + Rsc.As

(2.1.4)

m.Rb. b.h2o

+Rsc.As.(ho a)

(2.1.5)

2.1.3. iu kin hn ch
x R.ho hoc R hoc m R

(2.1.6)

x 2a

(2.1.7)

4
2.1.4. nh hng ca ct kp n cng cu kin
a. nh hng n kh nng chng nt ca dm
2 ( I bo + I so + I so' )

(2.1.8)
M crc =
+ S bo R bt , ser

h x

b. nh hng n vng ca dm trong trng hp c khe

nt trong vng ko

1
M
=
r
ho z

s
b
+

v E b Ab ,red
E s As

Ab ,red = Ab +

n '
As
v

(2.1.12)
(2.1.15)

cong ca cu kin:

1
1
1
1
= +
r
r 1 r 2 r 3

(2.1.16)

Trong :

1
- cong do tc dng ngn hn ca ton b ti trng;
r 1
1
- cong do tc dng ngn hn ca ti trng di hn;
r 2

1 - cong do tc dng di hn ca ti trng di hn.

r 3

Bit c cong ca dm c th tnh vng ca cu kin.

2.2. TIU CHUN CHU U EUROCODE 1992-1-1
Trong khi tnh ton ct thp n, nu K > Kbal = 0,167 th c
th t ct thp As vo vng btng chu nn.
2.2.1. S ng sut
2.2.2. Cc cng thc c bn tnh ct thp
fydAs = 0,567fckbs + fscAs
M MRd = 0,567fckz + fscAs(d - a)

(2.2.6)
(2.2.7)

5
2.2.3. iu kin hn ch
x 0,45d

(2.2.8)

a/x 0,38

(2.2.9)

2.2.4. nh hng ca ct kp n cng cu kin

a. nh hng n kh nng chng nt ca dm
bh 2
(2.2.10)
M c r = f c tm
6
b. nh hng n vng ca dm trong trng hp c khe
nt trong vng ko
cong ca dm tng ng vi tit din khng b nt:
M
1
(2.2.11)
=
r
E
uc
c ,eff I u c
I uc =

bh3
+ e A s ( d x ) 2 + e A s' ( x a ') 2 (2.2.12)
3

cong ca dm vi tit din b nt:

M
1
=
E c , eff I cr
r cr
I cr =

(2.2.13)

bx3
+ a e A s ( d x ) 2 + a e A s' ( x a ') 2 (2.2.14)
3

cong trung bnh ca cu kin:

1
1
1
= + (1 )

r
r cr
r uc
S
1
= cs e
rc s
I
cong trung bnh ca cu kin do co ngt l:
1
1
1

=
+ (1 )

rc s
rc s c r
rc s u c

(2.2.17)
(2.2.19)

(2.2.20)

cong ca cu kin:

1
1
1
=
+
rb
r
rcs

(2.2.21)

6
vng ln nht ca dm:

= k .L 2

1
rb

(2.2.22)

Khi c ct kp th mmen qun tnh ca tit din tng, do

vng ca dm s gim.
2.3. TIU CHUN M ACI 318-2002
2.3.1. S ng sut
2.3.2. Cc cng thc c bn tnh ct thp
0,85fcab + Asfy = Asfy
A s f y A s' f y
a =
0 , 8 5 f c' b

(2.3.1)
(2.3.2)

Cs = As(fy 0,85fc)

(2.3.3)

0,85fcab + As(fy 0,85fc) = Asfy

(2.3.4)

Mn = 0,85fcab(d a/2) + Asfy(d - d)

(2.3.5)

- Nu ct thp chy do, p dng gi tr cng fy tnh

ton trong cc cng thc (2.3.3) v (2.3.5).
- Nu thp khng chy do:
Mn = 0,85fcab(d a/2) + As(fs 0,85fc)(d - d)

(2.3.11)

2.3.3. iu kin hn ch
s = 0, 003

fy
d c
d a
= 0, 003 1

c
a
Es

(2.3.12)

s' = 0 , 0 0 3

fy
a 1d '
c d'
= 0, 003

c
a
Es

(2.3.13)

2.3.4. nh hng ca ct kp n cng cu kin

a. nh hng n kh nng chng nt ca dm
M

cr

I g fr
yt

(2.3.14)

7
b. nh hng n vng ca dm trong trng hp c khe nt
trong vng ko

m ax = k
I e = I cr
I cr =

M l n2
EcIe

M cr
+

Ma

(2.3.15)
3

(I

I cr

(2.3.16)

bc 3
+ nAs ( d c ) 2 + ( n 1) As' ( c d ') 2 (2.3.17)
3

Tng vng theo thi gian s l:

LT = L + D + iLS

(2.3.19)

Trong :
L vng ban u do hot ti gy ra trn cu kin;
D vng ban u do tnh ti gy ra trn cu kin;
LS vng ban u do hot ti tc dng thc t gy
ra (mt phn ca L xc nh theo ti trng thc t ny);
Khi c xt n ct kp trong dm th gi tr Icr s tng, do
vng ca dm s gim.
2.4. NHN XT
Thng qua cc ni dung nghin cu Chng 2, c th rt ra
nhng nhn xt sau y:
- Khi xt n ct thp t trong vng nn ca dm cng
chng un ca dm c tng ln v vng ca dm s gim.
- Khi din tch ct thp chu nn ln th ng sut tp trung ti
vng nn ln do khi cng b tng khng m bo th dn n
ph hoi ca vng nn.

8
CHNG 3
V D TNH TON
3.1. V D 1
Xt dm n gin chu ti trng phn b u vi cc s liu
nh sau: nhp l = 10 m; b = 80 cm; h = 50 cm; Tnh ti tiu chun gc
= 46 kN/m, hot ti tiu chun pc = 59 kN/m. Cp bn ca b tng l
B30, nhm ct thp AIII.
Xc nh din tch ct thp ca dm.
pc=59 (kN/m)
gc=46 (kN/m)
10000
(800x500)

Hnh 3.1. S ti trng ca v d 1

3.1.1. Tiu chun Vit Nam TCVN 5574:2012:
Rb = 17 MPa; Rsc = Rs = 365 MPa.
Tnh ti tnh ton: gtt = n.gc = 1,3x46 = 59,8 kN/m;
Hot ti tnh ton: ptt = n.pc = 1,2x59 = 70,8 kN/m;
Tng ti trng tnh ton: qtt = gtt + ptt = 130,6 kN/m.
M =

q tt l 2 130, 6 10 2
=
= 1632, 5( kN .m )
8
8

Gi thit a = 7 cm, tnh c ho = 50 7 = 43 cm.

R =

R
1 + s 1
sc ,u 1,1

0,85 0, 008 17
= 0,541
365 0,85 0,008 17
1+
1

400
1,1

R = R(1 0,5R) = 0,541(1 0,541 x 0,5) = 0,395

M
1632, 5 10 6
m =
=
= 0, 649 > R = 0, 395
Rb bho2 17 800 430 2
Do phi t ct thp kp
Gi thit a = 5 cm. Tnh As:

9
As' =

As =

M R Rb bh02
= 5103mm 2 = 51, 03cm 2
Rsc (h0 a ')

R Rb bh0
Rs

Rsc '
As = 14692 mm 2 = 146, 92cm 2
Rs

3.1.2. Tiu chun Chu u Eurocode 1992-1-1

fck = 25 MPa; fyd = 347,8 MPa.
Tnh ti tnh ton: gtt = n.gc = 1,5x46 = 69 kN/m;
Hot ti tnh ton: ptt = n.pc = 1,35x59 = 79,65 kN/m;
Tng ti trng tnh ton: qtt = gtt + ptt = 148,65 kN/m.
q tt l 2 148, 65 10 2
M =
=
= 1858,13( kN .m )
8
8
Gi thit d = 43 cm v a = 5 cm.
M
1858,13 10 6
=
= 0, 502 > K bal = 0,167
K =
bd 2 f ck 800 430 2 25
Do phi t ct thp kp.
tn dng ht kh nng chu nn ca b tng ta c th chn:
x = 0,45d = 0,45x43 = 19,35 cm;
z = zbal = 0,82d = 0,82x43 = 35,26 cm;
a/x = 5/19,35 = 0,258 < 0,38 nn fsc = fyd = 347,8 MPa.
As' =

M 0,167 f ck bd 2
= 9387 mm 2 = 93,87cm 2
f sc (d a ')

As =

Kbal f ck bd 2
f
+ As' sc = 14422mm2 = 144, 22cm2
f yd zbal
f yd

3.1.3. Tiu chun M ACI 318-2002

b = 80 cm = 31,76 in; h = 50 cm = 19,85 in; l = 10 m = 397 in.
wDc = 46 kN/m = 263 lb/in; wLc = 59 kN/m = 337 lb/in.
d = 43 cm = 17,07 in; d = 7 cm = 1,99 in.
fc = 17/1,2 MPa = 2,054 ksi; fy = 60 ksi; Es = 29000 ksi.
Tnh ti tnh ton: wDtt = n. wDc = 1,2x263 = 315,6 lb/in;

10
Hot ti tnh ton: wLtt = n. wLc = 1,6x337 = 539,2 lb/in;
Tng ti trng tnh ton: wtt = wDtt + wLtt = 854,8 lb/in.
w tt l 2 854,8 3972
M=
=
= 16840521(lb in) = 16840,5(k in)
8
8
Gi thit hm lng ct thp = max = 0,75 b

f '
87
m ax = 0 , 7 5 0 , 8 5 c 1
= 0, 011

8 7 + f y
fy

Din tch ct thp (ct n) ln nht:

Asmax = maxbd = 0,011x31,76x17,07 = 5,95 in2.
A sf y
5, 9 5 6 0
a =
=
= 6, 4 4 in
'
0, 8 5 f c b
0, 8 5 2, 0 5 4 3 1, 7 6
Suy ra c = 7,57 in.
a
6, 44

M ns = A s f y d = 5,95 60 17, 07
= 4947 k in
2
2

Mnc = Mu Mns = 16840,5 4947 = 11893,5 k-in.

M nc
11893, 5
=
= 788, 38 k ips
CS =
d d ' 17, 07 1, 99

' = 0, 03
S

AS' =

AS =

cd'
7,57 1,99
= 0,03
= 0,0022 > y = 0, 0013
c
7,57

Cs
= 13, 53in 2 = 87, 29cm 2
f y 0,85 f c'

0,85fc' ab +Cs
=19,09in2 =123,15cm2
fy

Bng 3.1. Kt qu tnh ton ct thp chu ko v chu nn

Tiu chun

As
(cm2)

A's
(cm2)

As + A's
(cm2)

TCVN 5574-2012

146,92

51,30

198,22

Eurocode 1992-1-1

144,22

93,87

238,09

ACI 318-2002

123,15

87,29

210,44

11
3.2. V D 2
Xt dm n gin chu ti trng phn b u vi cc s liu
nh sau: l = 10 m; b = 100 cm; h = 60 cm; Ct thp chu ko As =
195 cm2; Ct thp chu nn As = 105 cm2; h0 = 93 cm; a = 5 cm;
Tnh ti tiu chun gc = 50 kN/m, hot ti tiu chun pc = 60 kN/m.
Cp bn ca b tng l B30, nhm ct thp AIII.
Xc nh kh nng chng nt v vng ca dm.
pc=60 (kN/m)
gc=50 (kN/m)
10000
(1000x600)

Hnh 3.2. S ti trng ca v d 2

3.2.1. Tiu chun Vit Nam TCVN 5574:2012
Rb,ser = 22 MPa; Rbt,ser = 1,8 MPa;
Eb = 32,5 x 103 MPa; Ea = 20 x 104 MPa.
Rsc = Rs = 330 MPa.
M =

( g tc + p tc ) l 2
(5 0 + 6 0 ) 1 0 2
=
= 1 3 7 5( kN .m )
8
8

Momen ln nht do tnh ti gy ra:

g tc l 2
50 102
=
= 6 2 5 ( k N .m )
M =
8
8
a. Tnh kh nng chng nt
Mcrc = Rbt,serWpl
W

pl

2 ( I bo + I so + I so' )
+ S bo
h x

a'

'
bh + 2 1
As
x
h

=
=1
h0
2 Ared

12
Ared = bh + (As + As)
=

Ea
20 10 4
=
= 6,15
Eb
32, 5 10 3

Ared = 1000x600 + 6,15(19500 + 10500) = 784615 mm2.

x
= = 1
h0

50

1000 600 + 2 1
6,15 10500
600
= 0, 542
2 784615

x = h0 = 0,542x930 = 287 mm.

I bo =

bx 3 1000 287 3
=
= 79, 08 10 8 mm 4
3
3

Iso = As(h - x- a)2 = 11,48x108 mm4

Iso = As(x a)2 = 10500(287 50)2 = 5,91x108 mm4
S bo =

b ( h x ) 2 1000(600 287) 2
=
= 0, 49 10 8 mm 3
2
2

Do : Wpl = 1,68x108 mm3

Mcrc = 1,8x1,68x108 = 3,024x108 Nmm = 302,31 kNm.
Mcrc < Mc = 1375 kNm.Do dm b nt.
b. Tnh cong gia nhp do tc dng ngn hn ca ton
b ti trng

x
1
=
1 + 5 ( + )
h0
+
10

M
1375 10 6
=
=
= 0, 222
bh02 R b , s er 1000 530 2 22
A
19500
= s =
= 0, 037
bh0 1000 530
'

As
2v
= 0,1355
f =
bh0

13

= f 1

h 'f
= f = 0,1355
2 h0

1
= 0, 3961
1 + 5( + )
+
10

Ab,red = (f + )bh0 = 281726 mm2

2
0,39612
z = 1
h0 = 1

530 = 451,78mm
2( f + )
2(0,1355
+
0,3961)

Tnh s vi ls = 1,1:
R W
1, 8 1, 68 10 8
s = 1, 25 ls b , s er pl = 1, 25
= 1, 01 > 1
M
1375 10 6
Ly s = 1
Tnh 1/r1 vi b = 0,9:

b
1
M s
6
=
+

= 2, 73 10 (1 / m m )
r1 h0 z E s As vE b Ab , red
c. Tnh cong gia nhp do tc dng ngn hn ca ti
trng di hn
Vi gi tr M = 625 kNm c 1 = 1, 04x10 6 (1 / m m )
r2
d. Tnh cong gia nhp do tc dng di hn ca ti
trng di hn
Vi gi tr M = 625 kNm c 1 = 1, 53x10 6 (1 / m m )
r2
e. Tnh cong ton phn
1 1 1 1
= + = (2, 73 1, 04 + 1, 53) 10 6 = 3, 21 10 6 (1 / mm )
r
r1 r2 r3

f. Tnh vng ca dm tit din gia nhp

5 1
5
3, 21 106 (10 103 ) 2 = 33, 48mm
f = l2 =
48 r
48

14
3.2.2. Tiu chun Chu u Eurocode 1992-1-1
Cp bn ca b tng C25/30 v nhm ct thp S400, ta c:
fck = 25 MPa; fyd = 347,8 MPa; fctm = 2,6 MPa.
Ecm = 31000 MPa; Es = 20.104 MPa.
a. Tnh kh nng chng nt
bh 2
1000 600 2
M cr = f ctm
= 2, 6
= 121, 72 kN m
6
6 10 6
Mcr < Mc = 1375 kNm. Do dm b nt.
b. Tnh cong trung bnh ca dm
E
20 10 4
e = s =
= 6, 45
E cm
31 10 3
bx 2
+ e As + ( e 1) As' x e As d ( e 1) As' = 0
2

1000 x 2
+ [ 6, 45 19500 + (6, 45 1) 10500] x
2
6,4519500 530 (6,45 1) 10500 = 0
Nhn c gi tr x = 225,58 mm.
Ecm
31000
Ec ,eff =
=
= 163156 MPa
(1 + (, t0 )) (1 + 1, 9)
ae =
I uc =

Es
20 10 4
=
= 18, 71
E c ,eff
163156
bh3
+ e A s ( d x ) 2 + e A s' ( x a ') 2
3

= 854,26x108 mm4

1375 106
1
= 0 , 4 5 1 0 6 (1 / m m )
=
8
r
1
3
1
5
6

8
5
4
,
2
6

1
0
uc

I cr =

bx3
+ a e A s ( d x ) 2 + ( a e 1) A s' ( x a ') 2
3

= 433,7x108 mm4

1375 106
1
= 1, 3 5 1 0 6 (1 / m m )
=
8
r
1
3
1
5
6

4
3
3,
7

1
0
cr

15
= 0,99 vi = 0,5:
Tnh cong trung bnh ca cu kin 1/r:
1
1
1
= + (1 )

r
r cr
r uc
1
= 0,991,35106 + (1 0,99) 0,45106 =
r

= 1,34x10-6 1/mm.
c. Tnh cong trung bnh ca dm do co ngt
Bin dng do co ngt t do cs = 0,0004.
Tnh mmen qun tnh tnh S:
S = As(h a x) + As(x a) = 7,78.106 mm3
1
c s e S
= 0 , 2 4 1 0 6 (1 / m m )

=
r
I
uc
cs uc
1
cs a e S
= 1, 3 5 1 0 6 (1 / m m )

=
I cr
rc s c r

1
1
1
=
+ (1 )

rc s
rc s c r
rc s u c
= 1,34x10-6 1/mm
d. cong ca dm
1 1 1
= +
= (1, 34 + 1, 34) 10 6 = 2, 69 10 6 (1 / mm )
rb r rcs

e. vng ln nht ca dm
=

L2 1
= 0,125 (10 10 6 ) 2 2, 69 10 6 = 33, 63mm
8 rb

3.2.3. Tiu chun M ACI 318-2002

b = 100 cm = 39,27 in; h = 60 cm = 23,62 in; ln = 10 m = 397 in.
As = 195 cm2 = 30,23 in2; As = 105 cm2 = 20,87 in2.
wDc = 50 kN/m = 286 lb/in; wLc = 60 kN/m = 343 lb/in.
d = 93 cm = 20,87 in; d = 5 cm = 1,97 in.

16
fc = 22/1,2 MPa = 2,658 ksi; fy = 60 ksi; Es = 29000 ksi.
w cD l n2
286 397 2
M =
=
= 5 6 2 9 5 9 6 ( in lb )
8
8
w cL l n2
343 397 2
M =
=
= 6 7 5 5 5 1 5 ( in lb )
8
8
Ec = 57000
n=

f c' = 5 7 0 0 0

2658 = 2, 94 10 6 psi

Es
29 10 6
=
= 9, 87
Ec
2, 94 10 6

fr = 7, 5

f c' = 7 , 5

2 658 = 3 86, 7 p si

ln
397
=
= 2 4 , 8 1in > h = 2 3, 6 2 in
16
16
Do cn tnh vng.
bh3
3 9 , 3 7 2 3, 6 2 3
=
= 4 3 2 4 4 in 4
Ig =
12
12
h
2 3, 6 2
yt =
=
= 1 1, 8 1 in
2
2
h m in =

cr

I g fr
yt

43244 386, 7
= 1 4 1 5 8 3 8 in lb
1 1, 8 1

Mcr < M = 6755515 in-lb. Do dm b nt.

Gii phng trnh:
bc 2
+ nAs + ( n 1) As' c nAs d ( n 1) As' = 0
2
39,37c 2
+ [9,87 30, 23 + (9,87 1) 16, 28] c
2
9,87 30, 23 20,87 (9,87 1) 16, 28 = 0
Nhn c gi tr c = 9,97 in.
bc3
I cr =
+ n A s ( d c ) 2 + ( n 1) A s' ( c d ') 2
3
= 57664,47 in4
- Trng hp chu tnh ti:

17
M cr
1415837
=
= 0, 25
M a
5629296

- Trng hp chu thm 50% hot ti:

M cr
1415837
=
= 0 ,1 6
Ma
5629296 + 0, 5 6755515

- Trng hp tnh ti v hot ti:

M cr
1415837
=
= 0 ,1 1
Ma
5629296 + 6755515

Moomen qun tnh hiu qu:

3
3

M cr
M cr
Ie =
I g + 1
I cr

M a
M a
- Trng hp chu tnh ti: Ie = 57435 in4.
- Trng hp chu thm 50% hot ti: Ie = 57608 in4.
- Trng hp tnh ti v hot ti: Ie = 57642 in4.
vng ngn hn vi k = 5/48:
M l n2
5 397 2 M
M
( in )
=k
=
= 0, 0055
6
Ec Ie
48 2, 94 10 I e
Ie
- Trng hp chu tnh ti:
5629596
D = 0, 0055
= 0, 55( in )
57435
- Trng hp chu thm 50% hot ti:
5629596 + 0,5 6755515
5629596
LS = 0,0055
0,0055
= 0,33(in)
57608
57435
- Trng hp tnh ti v hot ti:
5629596 + 6755515
5629596
L = 0,0055
0,0055
= 0,65(in)
57643
57435
vng di hn:
LT = L + D + iLS
Trong :

T
1 + 50 '

18
Vi: = 0,018
T = 2 cho thi gian 5 nm tr ln: =

2
= 1,07
1 + 50 0,018

1, 65
= 0,89
1 + 50 0, 018
LT = L + D + iLS = 38,75 mm.
Bng 3.2. Kt qu tnh ton mmen khng nt v vng:

T = 1,65 cho thi gian 2 nm: =

Tiu chun

Mmen khng nt (kN.m)

vng (mm)

TCVN 5574-2012

302,31

33,48

Eurocode 1992-1-1

121,72

33,63

ACI 318-2002

159,99

38,75

Vi trnh t tnh ton v s liu bi ton c trnh by mc

3.2.1, mc 3.2.2 v mc 3.2.3, c th v th th hin nh hng
ca ct thp chu nn n vng ca dm vi gi tr As thay i t
(0 50)%As. Kt qu c th hin trong Hnh 3.3.

 vng
5
43.21
37.12
45.33

37.73

46.15

Eurocode

ACI

%(A's/As)

10

45.23

vng (mm)

TCVN

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

44.53

36.57

41.46

10

20

43.76

36.09

39.93

15

30

43.02

35.65

38.58

21

40

42.30

35.25

37.38

26

50

41.61

34.90

36.29

31

60

40.94

34.57

35.31

36

70

40.29

34.27

34.41

41

80

39.66

34.00

33.60

46

90

39.20

33.81

33.02

50

97.5

TCVN
Eurocode
ACI

chu nn (cm )

Din tch thp

19

Hnh 3.3. th th hin nh hng ca ct thp chu nn n

20
3.3. NHN XT TNH TON THEO CC TIU CHUN
3.3.1. Quy trnh tnh ton
a. Tiu chun Vit Nam TCVN 5574:2012
- Khng ch chiu cao ca vng b tng chu nn tn dng
ht kh nng chu nn ca b tng v cho ng sut ct thp chu nn
t ti tr s Rsc: x R.ho hoc R hoc m R =0,5 v x 2a
- Din tch ct thp chu ko ln hn rt nhiu so vi din tch
ct thp chu nn. Do khi tng din tch ct thp ln, vic b tr
ct thp vng ko gp kh khn tha mn cc iu kin v cu to
v thi cng.
- Khi cng trnh i hi phi thit k khng chn As > 50%As
th vic tnh ton b tr ct thp khng kinh t.
b. Tiu chun Chu u Eurocode 1992-1-1
- Khng ch chiu cao ca vng b tng chu nn tn dng
ht kh nng chu nn ca b tng v cho ng sut ct thp chu
nn t ti tr s fyd: x 0,45d v a/x 0,38
- Din tch ct thp chu ko v din tch ct thp chu nn
chnh lch nhau khng vt qu 2 ln. Do khi tng din tch ct
thp ln, vic b tr ct thp d dng, tha mn cc iu kin v cu
to v thi cng.
- Khi cng trnh i hi phi thit k khng chn As > 50%As
th vic tnh ton b tr ct thp s kinh t.
c. Tiu chun M ACI 318-2002
- Xem xt iu kin ct thp vng nn chy do theo hm
lng thp v t s d/a so vi t s d/a gii hn tnh ton.
- Din tch ct thp chu ko v din tch ct thp chu nn
chnh lch nhau khng vt qu 2 ln. Do khi tng din tch ct

21
thp ln, vic b tr ct thp d dng, tha mn cc iu kin v cu
to v thi cng.
- Khi cng trnh i hi phi thit k khng chn As > 50%As
th vic tnh ton b tr ct thp s kinh t.
3.3.2. nh hng ca ct thp chu lc trong vng nn n
vng ca dm
a. Tiu chun Vit Nam TCVN 5574:2012
- Khi tnh ton mmen khng nt ca dm c xt n ct thp
trong mmen khng un.
- nh hng ca ct thp chu nn n vng ca dm c
xc nh da trn vng ca dm do tc dng ngn hn ca ton b
ti trng, vng do tc dng ngn hn ca ti trng di hn v
vng do tc dng di hn ca ti trng di hn.
- nh hng ca ct thp chu nn n vng ln. Khi tng
din tch ct thp chu nn ln bng 50% din tch ct thp chu ko
th vng ca dm gim 27%.
b. Tiu chun Chu u Eurocode 1992-1-1
- Khi tnh ton mmen khng nt ca dm ch da trn gi tr
cng chu ko ca b tng fctm v khng xt n ct thp.
- nh hng ca ct thp chu nn n vng ca dm c
xc nh da trn vng trung bnh do ti trng v vng trung
bnh do co ngt.
- nh hng ca ct thp chu nn n vng khng ng
k. Khi tng din tch ct thp chu nn ln bng 50% din tch ct
thp chu ko th vng ca dm gim 10%.
c. Tiu chun M ACI 318-2002
- Khi tnh ton mmen khng nt ca dm ch da trn gi tr
cng chu ko ca b tng fr v khng xt n ct thp.

22
- nh hng ca ct thp chu nn n vng ca dm c
xc nh da trn vng ban u do hot ti gy ra trn cu kin,
vng ban u do tnh ti gy ra trn cu kin v vng ban u
do hot ti tc dng thc t gy ra.
- nh hng ca ct thp chu nn n vng khng ng
k. Khi tng din tch ct thp chu nn ln bng 50% din tch ct
thp chu ko th vng ca dm gim 15%.
3.3.3. Nhn xt
Thng qua cc v d tnh ton Chng 3, c th rt ra nhng
nhn xt sau y:
- V din tch ct thp chu nn: Theo Tiu chun TCVN
5574:2012 c gi tr nh nht trong ba Tiu chun (TCVN
5574:2012; Eurocode 1992-1-1 v ACI 318-2002). Tuy nhin nu
tnh tng din tch ct thp chu lc vng ko v nn th gi tr xp x
gn bng nhau.
- V kh nng chng nt ca dm: Ch c Tiu chun TCVN
5574:2012 khi tnh ton c xt n din tch ct thp chu nn.
- V vng ca dm: Vic b tr ct thp chu nn lm tng
cng chng un ca dm, do lm gim vng, tuy nhin hiu
qu l khng qu ln so vi lng thp chu nn phi b tr.
- Trong cc v d cha cp n kh nng chng ct ca cu
kin v hu ht cc Tiu chun thit k cho n nay cha xt n nh
hng ca ct thp trong vng nn.

23
KT LUN V KIN NGH
1. Kt lun
- Khi phi gim chiu cao dm theo yu cu kin trc, c th
b tr ct kp m bo kh nng chu lc ca dm, tuy nhin cn
lu n vic kim tra iu kin lm vic ca cu kin trong giai
on s dng.
- Khi b tr ct thp chu nn cn quan tm n iu kin m
bo s lm vic ng thi gia b tng vng nn v ct thp. Trong
Tiu chun TCVN 5574:2012 cha cp c th n hn ch hm
lng ct thp chu nn.
- Khi xt n ct thp t trong vng nn ca dm th cng
chng un ca dm c tng ln v vng ca dm s gim, tuy
nhin hiu qu l khng qu ln so vi lng thp chu nn phi b
tr. Mc nh hng ca hm lng ct thp chu nn n vng
ca dm theo Tiu chun Eurocode 1992-1-1 v ACI 318-2002 l
khng ng k.
2. Kin ngh
Nn xem xt gii php tng ng thi b rng ca dm v b
tr ct thp trong vng nn t hiu qu kinh t cao hn.
3. Hng pht trin ca ti
Nghin cu v cch tnh ton dm bt b tng ct thp t ct
kp theo Tiu chun Vit Nam TCVN 5574:2012.

24
DANH MC TI LIU THAM KHO
Ting Vit
[1] Nguyn nh Cng (2009), Tnh ton thc hnh cu kin b
tng ct thp theo Tiu chun TCXDVN 356-2005, Nh xut
bn Xy dng, H Ni.
[2] Nguyn Trung Ho (2006), Tiu chun Chu u Eurocode EN
1992-1-1 - Thit k kt cu b tng v b tng ct thp, Nh
xut bn Xy dng, H Ni.
[3] Phan Quang Minh, Ng Th Phong, Nguyn nh Cng (2008),
Kt cu b tng ct thp Phn cu kin c bn, Nh xut
bn Khoa hc k thut, H Ni.
[4] Phan Quang Minh, Ng Th Phong (2010), Kt cu b tng ct
thp thit k theo Tiu chun Chu u, Nh xut bn Khoa
hc k thut, H Ni.
[5] Tiu chun Vit Nam TCXDVN 356-2005 (2005), Nh xut bn
Xy dng, H Ni.
[6] Tiu chun Vit Nam TCVN 5574-2012: Kt cu b tng v b
tng ct thp Tiu chun thit k.
[7] Trn Mnh Tun (2009), Tnh ton kt cu b tng ct thp theo
tiu chun ACI 318-2002, Nh xut bn Xy dng, H Ni.
Ting Anh
[8] EN 1992 Eurocode 2 : Design of concrete structures.
[9] ACI 318-2002 : Building code requirement for structural
concrete and commentary.