GEODETIC ASTRONOMY

1. The suns center is observed to pass the meridian at a given place at 11h30m10s A.M. Pacific
Standard Time (PST) on December 5, 1978. Determine the longitude of the place.
2. The field notes for a direct solar observation are as follows:

Determine the following:

a. The average vertical angle, corrected for parallax and refraction and semidiameter of the
sun (-16.05).
b. The average horizontal angle, corrected for semidiameter.
c. Average time of observation
d. Greenwich civil time of observation
e. Declination of the sun at the time of observation
f. Azimuth of the sun
g. Azimuth of station 46 to station 48
3. At the instant of 18h48m35s Greenwich civil time, determine the local civil time of a place having a
longitude of 1203815.
4. Discuss briefly:
a. Celestial sphere
b. Hour-angle equator system
c. Vernal equinox
d. Ephemeris of the Sun and Polaris
e. Zenith
f. Apparent solar time
g. Sidereal time
h. Solar observation
i. Parallax & refraction
j. Declination of the sun