Cornell Notes

Lecture, reading/chapter/novel/article
during class, power point, movies (if need
to collect info.)

Topic:____________________

_________________________

Name: ___________________________________
Class: _________________ Period: ________
Date: ____________________________

Essential Question:

Questions/Main Ideas:

How many components

does a pure substance
have?
By applying the phase
rule to single component
systems, what two
variables are you
relating?
Can the degrees of
freedom ever be a
negative number?
If F = C + 2 P; C = 1,
then what values can P
have?
Can P ever be 0?
What does it mean to
have a degrees of
freedom of 2?

Notes:

Pure substances have only one component.

By applying the phase rule to single component systems,
we are relating degrees of freedom with the number of
phases.
No, the degrees of freedom cannot be a negative number.
P can have three possible values. This means that we
could have single-phase systems, 2-phase systems, and
three-phase systems.
No, P cannot be 0 because the pure substance has to have
at least one phase. If it had no phases at all, it wouldnt
even exist!
It means that we must specify 2 intensive variables (most
often pressure and temperature) in order to fix the state of
the system, meaning that all other intensive variables will
be fixed.
The other intensive variables become functions of the
intensive variable(s) we chose to specify.

If specifying the values

of the intensive
variable(s) fixes the
values for all the other
intensive variables, then
what is the relation
between the variables we
specified and the ones
that were automatically
specified?
True or false? The phase False. At a given temperature and pressure, we cannot tell

rule can tell us about

whether the pure
substance is a solid,
liquid, or gas.
What is equation of
state?
What are the different
combinations of two
phases for two-phase
systems?

what phase the substance involved is at. What phase it is

varies from substance to substance.

Equation of state relates density, temperature and

pressure in an equation.
- Vapour liquid
- Vapour solid
- Liquid solid
- Liquid vapour
- Solid solid
If the pressure is fixed,
If the pressure is fixed, the temperature at which solid and
the temperature at which liquid coexist is called the melting point of the solid or
solid and liquid coexist
the freezing point of the liquid.
is called what?
What is the process of
Sublimation is the process of transformation of a solid to
transformation of a solid vapour without going through a liquid phase. Deto vapour without going sublimation is the reverse process; it is the transformation
through a liquid phase
of a vapour to a solid.
called?
For sublimation to occur, For sublimation to occur, it is the pressure that is fixed,
is the pressure fixed or is not the temperature.
the temperature fixed?
What is the particular
The particular temperature (pressure is fixed) at which
temperature (pressure is sublimation occurs is called sublimation temperature.
fixed) at which
sublimation occurs
called?

Summary: