Alpha Eritrean Engineers Magazine

AUGUST 2016
VOL 7 NO. 2
AN OVERVIEW OF DISPLAY DEVICES AND THEIR TRENDS

I KNEW I WANTED TO BE A MECHANICAL ENGINEER

THE ULTIMATE CAPITAL IS KNOWLEDGE WITH INTELLIGENCE

AEEC gathered to
celebrate National
Engineers Week on
Sunday 02212016
at Injera Restaurant
Located in Alameda
California
AEEC | October 2011

LIST OF ENGINEERING PROFESSION OPPORTUNITIES

AEEC
1

CONTENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS

AN OVERVIEW OF DISPLAY DEVICES AND THEIR
TRENDS

BY A MANUEL G EBREBRHAN

I KNEW I WANTED TO BE A MECHANICAL

ENGINEER
BY

Y OSEPH U KBAZGHI

THE ULTIMATE CAPITAL IS KNOWLEDGE WITH

INTELLIGENCE

BY Y OSIEF W OLDEMARIAM

JOB OPPORTUNITIES

EDITORS
SEBLE GEBREMEDHIN, M.S. IN PSYCHOLOGY
DR. ADIAM WOLDEGERGISH, PH.D IN
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
SAMUEL FESSEHAYE, B.A. IN ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING
FILIPOS ABRAHAM, M.S, IN SOFTWARE
ENGINEERING AND
YOSIEF WOLDEMARIAM, B.A. IN ELECTRICAL

ENGINEERING

BY Y OSIEF W OLDEMARIAM

& F ILIPOS A BRAHAM

AEEC | August 2016

A Message of an experience during the last AEEM conference & dinner

My Experience with AEEM dates back to two years. It is an amazing group that organizes
Eritrean engineers and professionals who resided in the Bay Area, California. I am so
impressed by this expertise group from day one since I have stepped to the group back in
2014. The group includes a wide diversity of professionals. This diversity helps AEEM to
share knowledge and information from one another as well as to build a healthy
professional network. Above all, it proven me the Eritreans untapped genius of perceptive
powers in innovation and skills by applying the high level scientific knowledge into
industries and hi-techs. I would like to thank the board members and organizers of AEEM
for their exemplary works and dedication. Especially, I would like to express my gratitude
to Yosief Woldemariam for his splendid devotion to sustain this expertise group.
Partly, as one of my impression in the last session of AEEM which was held at Injera
Restaurant in Alameda California on the 21st February, 2016 was the depth of knowledge
of the professionals and the approach of their presentations. A superb job was performed
in organizing the meeting, selecting thought-provoking topics, and even getting us very
delicious food that increased the fuel of the ecstasy. The presentation of an electronic and
hi-tech engineer Aman from San Jose, California, who shared his knowledge and expertise
on interactive displays was eye opening. His speech accompanied by his slides showed us
on how to design and implement the arrays and configuration of displays for a variety of
devices modeled by world class companies for cellphones, tablets and the like. Tewelde
Estifanos presented and exhibited his demonstrations by introducing us to the products of
Solar Smart Africa. Following him another presentation was given by Habtom; mechanical
and solar expertise engineer from San Francisco. He illustrated the solar energy efficiency
so far done in Eritrea in several sectors for different purposes. It was pretty good in
agitating the concern of each of us whether the solar efficiency is viable or not in a wide
sense and profound provocative thinking versus the Eritrean geographical and economical
context. Thanks for making the AEEM session so worthwhile and productive.

~ Henok Tewelde, Geophysicist

AEEC | August 2015

A AN OVERVIEW OF DISPLAY DEVICES AND THEIR TRENDS

E Abstract
E A display is a device for presentation of information
devices. Not anymore! Now they're slim, they use a
M visually including texts, images and videos.
fraction as much energy they used to and light enough to
hang on the wall. Similar to laptop computers, most new
~
The
display
device
televisions have flat screens with LCDs (liquid-crystal
A
technology has come a
displays)the same technology we've been using for
E
long way from the old
years in items such as calculators, cellphones, and digital
E
style cathode ray tube
watches.
M
(CRT) which have heavy
monitors
with
big What are they and how do they work? Let's take a closer
~
cathode ray tubes. The look!
A
For many people, the most attractive thing about LCD
larger the screen, the
E
larger the tube and the TVs is not the way they produce a picture but the flat and
E
larger the weight of these compact screen which generates its picture in an entirely
M
different way. You probably know that Cathode Ray Tube
devices.
(CRT) television makes a picture using three electron
~
In recent years a very common display device technology
guns.
A
that was developed was the cathode ray tube. LCD
E
E doesnt have tubes instead it has backlight which means
M When power is provided to a transistor, it re-polarizes
the light so that it comes through and displays a certain
~ color.
A
E
E
M

The newest kind of display is Organic Light Emitting

Diodes (OLED) and it uses organic material that lights up
when you provide it with a current. OLED devices have
high contrast, bright colors and are flexible. They also
have very fast response time, a very wide viewing angle
and long device life time.

A
E Both the LCD and OLED based displays use glass as a
E substrate and are not flexible. However, there is an
M emerging technology with flexible substrates to make
flexible displays. This new incipient of technology using
~ OLED is based on flexible display on polyimide substrate
A instead of glass.
E
E Introduction
M Televisions used to be heavy, hot and power-hungry

Eng. Amanuel attending Honeywell conference

AEEC | August 2016

~
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Think of them as three very fast, very precise

paintbrushes that dance back and forth, painting a
moving image on the back of the screen that you can
watch when you sit in front of the television.
However, flat screen LCD works in a completely
different way. If you sit up close to a flat screen TV,
you'll notice that the picture is made from millions
of tiny blocks called pixels (picture elements). Each
one of these is effectively a separate red, blue, or
green light which can be switched on or off very
rapidly to make the moving color picture and the
pixels are controlled in completely different ways. In
an LCD television, the pixels are switched on or off
electronically using liquid crystals to rotate
polarized light.

How is a display device made?

TF
T

Thin film transistors (TFT)

Thin film transistors (TFTs) act as switches to
individually turn each pixel "on" (light) or "off" (dark).
The TFTs are the active elements, arranged in a matrix,
on the display.
The following are types of TFTs:

Cover glass
Decoration

Cover
glass
Touch
panel
Displ
ay

Leaders of this technlolgy are:

Samsung and Japan Display

ITO

A
E
E
M

Touch-panel Glass
ITO

Top Polarizer

Liquid Crystal
TFTs
TFT Glass

~
A
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LTPS (low temperature poly silicon

TFT (used by most of the products today
including IPhones, IPad etc.)

Oxide TFT (newer technology used in

the recent IPad pro and other emerging
new technologies).
Leaders of this technlolgy are Sharp,
Apple and Panasonic.

Parts of a Display Device (IPhone)

AEEC | August 2016

LG,

Leaders of this technlolgy are Apple,

Samsung, Sharp and Japan Display.

Color filter Glass

Color filter

A
E
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M

Amorphous Silicon TFT

~ The Display
A
The display part can be LCD (liquid crystal display) or
E
OLED (Organi Light Emitting Diodes). These two, broad
E
kinds of display can be found across monitors, TVs,
M
mobile phones, cameras and most electrical devises.

~
A
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M

A
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Eng. Amanuel receiving award for his inventions

In one corner sits LCD, by far the most common type of
display in all kinds of tech. If you see a TV described as
LED it's actually a LCD display with a backlight that's
made of LEDs.

A
E
E
LCD technology is a matured technology. A significant
M
majority of displays are made of the LCD technology. For
~ example, most Apple devices (All IPhones, IPad, Mac
A book) are made with LCD technology.
E
The differences between these two technologies
E
(LCD vs OELD) is that, LCD displays use a backlight
M

OLED truly is the next big thing in home entertainment

and it's now at a price where the average consumer can
buy one his/her own. It offers better image quality,
reduced power consumption and has a fast response
times over traditional LCD TVs.
OLED TVs display bright colors and, because they can
turn off parts of the screen that needs to be black, those
blacks are deeper than those of LCD TVs. This is
important not only for displaying true blacks, but also
because colors appear sharper against darker
backgrounds.

A
E
E
M

performance, both OLED and LCD are capable of

reproducing fantastic picture quality.

to illuminate their pixels while OLEDs pixels

actually produce their own light.

A
This means is that the brightness of an OLED display
E
E can be controlled pixel-by-pixel. This sort of control
M just isnt possible with LCD. In terms of overall

AEEC | August 2016

Power consumption is another area of contrast with

OLED vs. LCD TVs. LCD TVs generally consume more
power than OLED TVs due to their always-on backlight.
OLED technology only uses electricity for the parts of the
screen that need color thus parts of the screen that
remain black use no power, making OLEDs more energyefficient.
OLED displays are much better for small screens. The
Samsung Galaxy S7 and Galaxy S7 Edge both use OLED
and undoubtedly have the best phone screens ever made.
Even though OLED is seen as an emerging technology, it
has also its own challenges.
OLED displays are difficult to make in a bigger screen.
Only three companies to date have released full-size,
commercially-available TVs: Samsung, LG, and
Panasonic. However, during 2016 and in 2017 we
should see more companies getting on board with
producing OLED.
Some challenges with OLED TV is that, it is not a matured
technology, in general, it's still a fledgling compared with
mature LCD technology.
Due to OLEDs sensitivity to moisture and oxygen, the
manufacturing process is very challenging.

~
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~
A
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OLED are also very expensive due to their limited

production. Even with a surprising price drop at
official launch, Samsung's S9 OLED still costs
thousands of dollars. LG's 55EM9800 is even more
expensive.
OLED Displays

LCD Displays

Galaxy S7 edge (OLED)

IPhone (LCD)

~
A
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M

OLED TV

A
E
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M

LCD TV
Apple Watch (OLED)

IPad (LCD)

Apple Products and their characteristics

Parameters

iPhone 6

iPhone 6 plus

iPad air 2

iMAC

IWatch

A
E
E
M

Resolution

1334 X 750

1920 X 1080

2048 X 1536

5120 X 2880

320 x 320

Pixel density, ppi

326

401

264

218

348 or 278

Thin, mm

6.9

7.1

6.1

1.4

38 or 42

Display

LCD

LCD

LCD

LCD

OLED

Back light

LED

LED

LED

LED

none

TFT technology

LTPS

LTPS

LTPS

LTPS

LTPS

Size (length), inch

5.4

6.22

9.4

21.5 and 27

38 and 42 mm

Cover glass

Gorilla

Gorilla

Gorilla

Gorilla

Sapphire

A
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~
A
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AEEC | August 2016

Battery Life Improvement for generation of IPhones

A
E
E
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ppi
Year IPhone
(pixel
density)

2008

2010

A
E
E
M

~
A
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M

length,
inch

Resolution,
pixel

TFT

Display

Battery life/
Talk time, hrs.

165

4.55

320 x 480

LTPS

LCD

10

330

4.54

640 x 960

LTPS

LCD

14

2012

326

4.87

640 x 1136

LTPS

LCD

2014

326

5.44

750 X 1334

LTPS

LCD

14

2015

6 plus

401

6.22

1080 X 1920

LTPS

LCD

24

~ Next Generation Displays Flexible displays

A
E When we talk about flexible displays, it's important to
E understand that it is based on a flexible substrate which
M can be either plastic, thin metal or flexible glass. The
plastic and metal panels will be light, thin and very
~ durable - in fact they will be virtually shatter-proof.
A
E Most of the substrates for flexible display devices today
E are high temperature polyimide plastic substrates. They
M are very thin, light and flexible.

Recently the flexible display development is on a high

gear and prototype devices are coming out and we will
soon see them on the market as commercial products.
The flexible technology will have a very important role in
health care such as X-ray and other equipment which
needs to conform to the body for diagnosis.

Prototype Flexible devices

~ We will soon see a foldable, bendable and roll-able

A display devices. This may create all sorts of exciting

E designs that will enable large displays to be placed in a
E mobile device and only be opened when required.
M
A few years ago, Samsung and LG were very competitive,
~ trying to beat one another to the flexible smartphone
A race. Both, however, have stopped short of that goal,
E settling for curved smartphones like the G Flex, or curved
E edge screens like the Galaxy S7 edge.
M

AEEC | August 2016

~
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~
A
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~
A
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M References

[3] Robotics & Technology: OLED Vs LCD

~ [1] Display Technologies for Wearable Devices,

A Gang Xu et.al
E
E [2] Japan Display flexible OLED
M

[4] Flexible Displays and Organic Electronics |

Photonics Spectra
~ Amanuel Gebrebrhan

~
A
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ALPHA ERITREAN ENGINEERS MAGAZINE

A
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AUGUST 2016 ISSUE

~
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AEEC | August 2016

Comments & Suggestions

Page

It is really nice to see the project issuing its first output. Great
work and keep it up. Hope it will inspire lots of Eritrean Engineer
and may be it will be a venue for attaining engineering carries for
a lot of young Eritrean and the like.

A
E
E
C

Filipos Abraham, Software Engineer

Congratulations on the online Magazine, it looks great. I like the
setup and display of the articles.
Seble Gebremedhin, Psychologist

I just saw the AEEC articles and it look great. Good job!
Mekonen Hadgu, Electrical Engineer

ALPHA ERITREAN ENGINEERS

AEEC | August 2016

I was encouraged to see more, new, young Eritrean engineers joining the team. I
really appreciate the time, effort and skills of the presenters. The entire evening was
enjoyable. Many thanks to Injera Restaurant for their delicious food and excellent
service.

~ Engineer Samson Gonnetz

My experience at AEEC dinner is always great in many aspects; first and foremost, I
get so excited to see my buddies I have not seen for a while. Secondly, I am always
so proud to see very talented engineers sharing their respective experience during
each engineers amazing presentation. I think this was a great networking
opportunity for everybody especially the new engineers. So, thank you everybody
for participating and making our collective experiences rich and delightful.
~ Engineer Mekonen Hadgu

The dinner night gave me the opportunity to meet a group of Engineers with
different backgrounds and interesting thought process under one roof. The
discussion was live and educational with enormous respect to each others
point of view. I recommend to keep this kind of get together of engineers for
the long run to get more learning from each other.

~ Engineer Amanuel Gebrebrhan

The semi-annually gathering of AEEM dinner night was a nice opportunity to

get us together and widen our network. It helps us to get exposure on current
and future technological, professional and educational trends as well.

~ Engineer Samuel Fessehaye

AEEC | August 2015

1
10

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I KNEW I WAS GOING TO BE A MECHANICAL ENGINEER

I am honored to be
writing an article for
Alpha Eritrean Engineers
Magazine. My name is
Yoseph Ukbazghi and I
am
currently
an
undergraduate student
at
Portland
State
University in Portland,
Oregon
studying
Mechanical Engineering
with an emphasis in Mechatronics (a multidisciplinary
field of engineering that includes a combination of
systems engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical
engineering, telecommunications engineering, control
engineering and computer engineering subfields.
I was raised in Sioux Falls, South Dakota where I
graduated high school. I completed my general
engineering courses at Minnesota State University, in
Mankato Minnesota. I am presently completing my
undergraduate degree at Portland State University. I
knew I wanted to be a Mechanical Engineer at the age
of thirteen years old when my eighth grade teacher
suggested the field of engineering to me because I was
good at math and science. In High School I had the
opportunity to be involved in Project Lead The Way
(PLTW), an interactive program meant to empower
students to develop in-demand knowledge and skills
necessary to thrive in an evolving world. I was able to
participate in a hands on projects through PLTW with
the opportunity to develop a program, utilize 3Dprinters and design robots. My participation in this
program, at a young age, inspired me to continue my
involvement in engineering projects and internships.
Since the first program I was involved in I have had two
internships, co- lead an international project, and am
currently working with graduate students on an
autonomous humanoid robot. I believe that along with

AEEC | August 2016

gaining an education it is important to be involved in

projects as well as internships to exercise the
engineering fundamentals and learn in an
unconventional way.
My first internship at Kato Cable in Mankato, MN was
as a Manufacturing Engineering Intern. Kato Cable is a
cable assembly facility producing cable assemblies,
wire harnesses and electro-mechanical assemblies for a
variety of diverse industries. As an intern my main
responsibilities were assisting on customer quotes,
entering new product data into the shops system, and
monitoring work instructions. I really enjoyed my
internship at Kato Cable because I was able to learn
from a manufacturing engineers point of view. As
mechanical engineers we deal with the design,
construction, and application of mechanical systems. It
was very interesting to
see how manufacturing
engineers appreciation
for a quality detailed
design it made the flow
of the project simpler.
Moreover, I left Kato
Cable understanding
the importance of
detail and clarity when
communicating
with
other engineers.
My Second internship was at Video services
Incorporated (VSI) an Audio Visual Consultant in
Mankato, MN as a Design Engineering Intern. VSI offers
design services, sales, and installation for all
commercial
and
residential
applications-from
automated board rooms to home automation and

11

whole home sound. My responsibilities were to review water one-third of the year. In May 2015 seven

~ customer contracts and design audio, video, and paging students including me and one professional engineer
A systems with AutoCAD. I also submitted
E
E
M

traveled to the community and assessed the water

system.

During our assessment of the system, we discovered

the problem was due to high pressure in the pipes from
the elevation differences throughout the system. The
built up pressure due to gravity needed to be alleviated
and our proposed design was a break tank that was set
at an altitude above the community. The purpose of the
tank was to also reduce the built up pressure and allow
twenty-four hour water access to the community.

A
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M

Presently, I am working on a humanoid robot that will

autonomously navigate through the basement of the
Portland State University, Engineering building.

~
A
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M

Recruiting new student memberships

projects to contracting companies providing all

~ administrative and design documents. I learned a lot

A
E
E
M

during my internship at VSI because I was given a great

deal of responsibility. I really liked these
responsibilities because it allowed me to strive and
work harder. The soft skills I gained were time
management, organizational skills, and communicating
~ via phone with customers and suppliers. My time at VSI
A was an invaluable experience.
E
E At Minnesota State University, Mankato (MNSU), where
M I completed my general studies, I was the Vice
President of the Engineers Without Borders Student
~ Chapter. EWB-USA consists of 16,800 passionate
A individuals united in the shared belief that engineering
E have a critical role to play in poverty alleviation. At
E
MNSU our student chapter partnered with a
M
community in Santa Rosa Senca, El Salvador which has
~ over 1200 residents. The chapters project was to
A enable the community have access to potable water.
E The communities water system broke down several
E times a week and would leave the residents without
M

AEEC | August 2016

Jeeves, personal butler robot I am working on with

graduate students
I believe that participating in engineering projects is
extremely important for all levels of engineers. When I
attended a resume and careers workshop the presenter
stated that an education is the minimum requirement
and employers also look for tangible experience and
leadership outside of the classroom for employment.

12

For me, my involvement outside of my educational In addition to the course work, my involvement outside

~ experience has created a new appreciation for my of the classroom has given me the opportunity to
A
engineering courses.
E
E
M

collaborate and build professional contacts.

At both of my internships the senior engineers
performed like mentors guiding me through projects,
and giving me advice for my future endeavors. All in
all, my journey through these projects and internships
have allowed me to gain enormous confidence towards
my career, and I challenge the readers of this article to
participate in internships to gain experience and
continued professional knowledge.

~
A
E
E
M

Thus when considering for an internship where do you

look for projects? Many universities host projects for
undergraduate students. For young incoming engineers
I suggest being involved in research, or DIY projects
Hiking to the top of the Santa Rosa Senca water
and exercise the fundamental engineering design
system to mark altitudes and asses the pipes
~
process. Feel free to contact me via LinkedIn for any
A
My courses in material science and fluid mechanics additional questions.
E
E came in handy when designing a break tank for the El
~ Yoseph Ukbazghi
M Salvadorian community.
A
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Hard to reach doesnt have to mean hard to

do

A
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A
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~
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~
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Bringing the best and the brightest together

AEEC | August 2016

13

UNLESS YOU ARE A NATIVE OR VISITED, YOU MAY NOT BE FAMILIAR WITH THE
REFINED MODERNIST ARCHITECTURAL WONDERS AND OPULENT CULTURE OF THE
CITY OF ASMARA THE ITALIANS CALL LITTLE ROME

Photo by Eritrea-chat.com

Eritrea purely magnificent

The great city can teach something that no university by itself can
altogether impart: a vivid sense of the largeness of human
brotherhood, a vivid sense of man's increasing obligation to man; a
AEEC | August 2016
vivid sense of our absolute dependence on one another. 14
~ Seth Low

ENRICHING ONES EXPERIENCES

NAVIGATING COMPELLING HUMAN RELATIONSHIPS THROUGH
UNIQUE AND PROFESSIONAL GATHERING WHERE THE

ULTIMATE CAPITAL IS KNOWLEDGE WITH INTELLIGENCE

AEEC | August 2016

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~
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THE ULTIMATE CAPITAL IS KNOWLEDGE WITH INTELLIGENCE

During the process of
putting
together
the
publication of an on line
magazine, Alpha Eritrean
Engineers Magazine, and
its complementary dinner
gatherings I have had a
chance to notice many
remarkable growth and
enthusiasm amongst the
engineers. We have much to celebrate and be
thankful for. As in some disciplines; attending
meeting, development seminars, conferences and
presentations is part and parcel of an engineers
work life. However, the dinner gathering along with
its knowledge induced presentations organized by
AEEC was a delightful experience. Despite some
unfortunate delay on my part, the paradigm of
presentation was not of just trying to get through it
but it was engaging, participatory with lively
discussion and two-way communication.

It was one of the conferences I attended that have

special meaning and undoubtedly left a pleasantly
long lasting impression. The gathering of Alpha
Eritrean Engineers was held on Sunday, February 21,
2016 celebrating National Engineers week at Injera
restaurant located at 1305 Park St Alameda, CA
94501 in the city of Alameda. Sharing the delicious
traditional food and going back & forward of the
conversations with the presenters and amongst the
attendees were splendid both in terms of intellectual
quality and social gratification.

A
E
E
M We had had many dinner gathering events with

presentations that were very informative in the past,

what made the recent conference that brought
A
E together engineers of multitude trades delightful was
E I looked around the room with bewildered eyes, as
M we havent had a conference where people
overflowed with passion. I felt as if the passion was
~ so extreme in these individuals that there was
A eagerness to engage with the presenters and share
E
the wonderful experience amongst each other.

E
M

Eng. Habtom presenting renewable energies

The significant use of solar energy and the rapidly
changing of electronic visual displays are two of the
recent technological innovation trends making huge
strides universally that profoundly changing our
daily life in this century we are living in. While the

1
AEEC | August 2015

16

former is becoming desirable option and staple

source
for
clean
power
by
generating
A
environmentally viable energy; the latter is on the
E
E verge to becoming technological miracle by changing

~
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Some of the reasons such presentation of cell phones

display and advantage of renewable energy held
during last gathering by two distinguished
individuals, inventor engineer Amanuel Gebrebrhan
and engineer Habtom Tewelde were to share their
knowledge on the subject to stimulate interest by
explaining unfamiliar terminology on how the
display of current cells phone are made and creating
an environment of a deep understanding of key
renewable energy concepts.

~
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Eng. Yosief attending Data Centre Dynamics in Silicon Valley

A how we view and use displays to the extent of

E making a flexible and bendable display technology
E that can revolutionize the prevalent traditional flat
M

~
A
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M

The integrated nature of todays world of visual

displays with our everyday activities and the
revolutions of renewable energy information that
provides wide and rapid access of information in
pretty much every human activities necessitated a
broader discussions on these two trending topics.
Given what we know now about the nature of how
cellphones are made and how renewable energy can
improve our daily life are very limited, improving
our knowledge on both is vital and absolutely
necessary in this time of age.

Alpha Eritrean Engineers in the Bay Area was

particularly pleased to host this conference of active
participatory of engineers on both subjects. Over the
course of how the cell phone screens or displays
were made and where they are heading in the future
presentation by engineer Amanuel, I became aware
of the sophistication of ideas and the researches
went in to a simple looking yet full of complexity cell
phone or TV display and how many layers it has.
Equally, the presentation by engineer Habtom gave
us a perspective on we humans have the ability to
impact the world we live on both positive & negative
ways.

screen displays used in most electronics devices. It is

far from exaggeration to assume that it would not be
too far a distance away before we start wearing our
flexible screen displays on our arms. One cant help His viewpoint of the widespread popular support for
but feel excited to be alive in this ever innovative using renewable energy, particularly solar and wind
energy, which provide electricity without giving rise
century.

AEEC | August 2016

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to any carbon dioxide emissions gave us a better They went out of their way to accommodate us, make

~ understanding about the ways in which we can affect us feel comfortable and at home. Again, although we

A
the planet if we do not apply the information may have verbally expressed our thank to the staff
E
E available for us using renewable energy and how we and owner for being flexible with us throughout the
M have the ability to bring relief to the growing entire planning process, we find it highly appropriate

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to follow up with a simple yet powerful word of

Thank You on behalf of Alpha Eritrean Engineers
The two way lively communication between
Magazine.
engineer Habtom and the participants made the
discussion very broad on pro and cons of when and
how long it will take for the technology to mature
and be available to every citizen of the plane for
implementation.
incessant global energy demand.

A
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E Celebrating 2016 National Engineers Week along
M with engaging, participatory with lively two-way

communication discussions were rich in content and

~ valuable in creating better understanding of the

A
issues that were discussed. The conference was
E
unique and enrichening professional gathering
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M experience where the ultimate capital was

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knowledge with intelligence. I am grateful for been

part of it and would like to congratulate all those
who made this high level of organization and the
professionalism which made it possible to gather so
many different experts and develop all the activities
with success passible.
Our invited guests, who came from far and close,

A
battling the weekend traffic from Oakland, San
E
E Francisco and San Jose were all happy to attend such
M an amazing occasion. We would like to thank all

attendees who enjoyed their time at Injera

~ Restaurant and being able to share such special time
A with us. We also would like to thank the restaurant
E staff for preparing a variety of delicious Eritrean
E
traditional dishes and for been friendlier.

Eng. Adulis participating on renewable energies discussion

Finally, to reiterate the primary purpose of our

gathering was mainly for networking and strengthen
our commitment to each other and the engineering
community.
Although everyone was enjoying
themselves and the evening progressed, no one
realized how time went by so quickly and was
getting late so the gathering was adjourned. Those of
us who had a stupendous time are looking forward to
a time of great renewals and to further commitment
on the part of each of us to this noble idea of
networking we have started. We are determined to
strengthen the bonds which we have established and

AEEC | August 2016

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to continue bring a fuller understanding of the concept of

the engineering professional community as it relates to
A our relationships with each other and the community. We
E are dedicated to spreads a consistent message about the
E importance of Alpha Eritrean Engineering Community
M
through its complimentary an online magazine.

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attending National Engineers Week celebratory

conference organized by Alpha Eritrean Engineers. We
hope you enjoyed the event and delicious food and took
away some useful insights to apply to your everyday
professional activities and had a productive networking
experience and we hope to see you at consequent
conferences soon.

Once again we would like to thank those of you for

~ Yosief Woldemariam

At the Alpha Eritrean Engineering conferences, I have met a lot of

new members and my old friends that I havent seen for a while. It
has been great experience that we can share our experiences and
learn from each other. It is very hard to select which of my
experiences is the best since all of them have an outstanding learning
experience; however, I have the best time in San Jose, CA when one of
the subjects presented was about solar energy in Africa.
Power energy is very important all over the world but it is most
essential in Africa since most of the population dont have power.
The topic in our meeting was how to provide solar energy in Africa
that is affordable and sustainable for the future. Our expert on this
topic explained all in detail how this could be attained. It was
practical and could change peoples life for good. Even though I had
many great memories; the solar power for Africans is on the top of
my lists.
~ Engineer Fitsum Chiffa

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The AEEC dinner gathering was an inspirational and eye opening meeting.
Aman's and Habtom's presentations were informative and engaging. The
event was also a bridge of two generations of engineers with myriad
networking opportunities.

My deepest gratitude goes to the relentless effort of the event organizers. I

admire AEEM's initiative to create a platform for experience and knowledge
sharing. Lets keep up the hard work and make AEEC a nursery of talent and
a hub of professionals.
~ Engineer Adulis Abun

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U.S patent 8,901,268B2

This invention relates to a hybrid
polymer film used as a planarization,
passivation layer for thin film
transistors (TFTs). This film is also
used as color filter over coat for
liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and
organic light emitting diodes
(OLEDs) in production of a display
device.

SCIENTIST / ENGINEER
AMANUELS MULTIPLE

INVENTIONS

U.S patent 7,060,204B2

This invention relates to a low
dielectric organic material (film)
used in semiconductor device. This
low dielectric material helps the
device to increase its performance
and speed while minimizing the
transmission loses and reducing the
capacitive
coupling
of
the
interconnects.
U.S patent 20070099005 A1
This invention relates to a low
temperature curable spin on glass
material which are useful for
electronic applications for optical
devices. This is very useful for
flexible displays on plastic substrates
with low temperature tolerance. Its
high crack threshold also helps to
lower capacitance and increase
power consumption.
U.S patent 7,141,188 B2
Inventions on Organic coatings.

Every year the inventions of science weave more

inextricably the web that binds
man to man, group to group, and nation to nation.
Harry Emerson Fosdick

AEEC | August 2016

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AEEC

. Sense of humor from engineers prospective

AEEC ~ AEEC ~ AEEC ~ AEEC ~ AEEC ~ AEEC ~ AEEC ~ AEEC ~ AEEC ~ AEEC ~ AEEC ~

AEEC ~ AEEC ~ AEEC ~ AEEC ~ AEEC ~ AEEC ~ AEEC ~ AEEC ~ AEEC ~ AEEC ~ AEEC ~

AEEC

A guy wants to calculate volume of a red rubber ball. . .

A guy wants to calculate volume of a red rubber ball. . .
There was a guy who wanted to know how to calculate the volume of a red rubber ball. He
first took it to a mathematician, who measured its radius and used the formula V=4/3pir3
to find it's volume. Next, our man went to a physicist, who immersed the ball in a bowl full
of water. He then measured the amount of water which overflowed and calculated the
volume of the ball. Still not satisfied, our man takes the ball to a mechanical engineer. The
engineer says, "Wait a moment, I got this." He gets up and skims through the books laid
out on his shelf. "Ah, this should do it.", he says and pulls out a big fat hard bound book
titled - "The Mechanical Engineer's Handbook to Red Rubber Balls"

"What is 2 x 2?
Several scientists were all posed the following question: "What is 2 x 2?"
The Engineer whips out his slide rule (so it's old) and shuffles it back and forth, and finally
announces "3.99".
The Physicist consults his technical references, sets up the problem on his computer, and
announces "it lies between 3.98 and 4.02".
The Mathematician cogitates for a while, then announces: "I don't know what the answer
is, but I can tell you, an answer exists!
The Philosopher smiles: "But what do you mean by 2 x 2?"
The Logician replies: "Please define 2 x 2 more precisely."
The Sociologist: "I don't know, but it was nice talking about it".
The Behavioral Ecologist: "A polygamous mating system".
Medical Student: "4"
All others looking astonished: "How did you know??"
Medical Student: "I memorized it."

https://www.quora.com & http://www.math.utah.edu/

AEEC | August 2016

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Engineers having good time celebrating National Engineers Week in

the city of Alameda, California at Injera restaurant.
AEEC | August 2016

22

Current Job Opportunities

Companies or Government Jobs

Location & Number

Closing Date

Electronic & Electrical Engineering

https://jobs.boeing.com/job/longbeach/electrical-installationengineer/185/2805731

Electrical Installation Engineer 1600013685, Long Beach,

California

Open Until Filled

https://jobs.boeing.com/job/longbeach/electrical-installationengineer/185/2805732

Electrical Installation Engineer 1600013675, Long Beach,

California

Open Until Filled

https://jobs.boeing.com/job/longbeach/electrical-wire-designengineer/185/2805733

Electrical Wire Design Engineer,

1600013740, Long Beach,
California

Open Until Filled

https://jobs.boeing.com/job/longbeach/electrical-wire-designengineer/185/2805738

Electrical Wire Design Engineer,

1600013725, Long Beach,
California

Open Until Filled

Software Engineering
https://jobs.boeing.com/job/oklahomacity/software-engineer/185/2771903

Software Engineering 1600013670

Oklahoma City, Oklahoma,

Open Until Filled

https://jobs.boeing.com/job/elsegundo/software-engineer-entrylevel/185/2766666

Software Engineer, Entry Level1600013417 El Segundo,

California,

Open Until Filled

https://jobs.boeing.com/job/stlouis/software-engineer-2-3/185/1502489

Software Engineer, Entry Level1600013523 El Segundo,

California,

Open Until Filled

Mechanical Engineering
https://jobs.boeing.com/job/elsegundo/entry-level-mechancial-systemdesign-and-analysis-engineer/185/2759512

Entry Level Mechanical System

Design & Analysis Engineer
1600013602 El Segundo, California

Open Until Filled

https://jobs.boeing.com/job/elsegundo/entry-level-mechancial-systemdesign-and-analysis-engineer/185/2759517

Entry Level Mechanical System

Design & Analysis Engineer
1600013572 El Segundo, California

Open Until Filled

https://jobs.boeing.com/job/elsegundo/mechanical-systems-design-andanalysis-engineer/185/2759516

Mechanical Systems Design &

Analysis Engineer 1600013443 El
Segundo, California

Open Until Filled

AEEC | August 2016

23

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Authors
AMANUEL GEBREBRHAN

agebrebrhan@yahoo.com received his BS and

MS in Pharmaceutical and material Sciences in
Europe. Currently he is working with Honeywell
as a Sr. Scientist/Engineer in Silicon Valley,
California. He is also an inventor of (4) granted U.S
patents and (1) pending patents in the field of
Semiconductor and Display.

YOSEPH UKBAZGHI smulugeta@scu.edu

Is a prospective engineer. Currently he is

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completing mechanical engineering at Portland

State University pursuing a bachelors degree in

meharigrw@yahoo.com earned his B.S. in

Electrical Engineering from San Francisco State
University. Currently he is working with Syska
Hennessy Group, an engineering consulting firm.

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Mechatronics.

YOSIEF WOLDEMARIAM

If you need an updated

information, discussions or have an
experience to you would like to
share with your fellow
professionals feel free to contact
us.
You will find us on
www.linkedin.com/groups/AlphaEritrean-Engineers-Community

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BE PART OF IT

AEEC

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IT CONNECTS
IT INFORMS

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IT SHARES EXPERIENCES

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