Design spectrum of horizontal seismic actions

Design spectrum of horizontal seismic actions [EC8, 3.2.2.5 & 3.2.1(3)]

For the horizontal components of the seismic action the design spectrum, Sd(T), is defined by the
following expressions:
0 T < TB:

TB T < TC:

TC T < TD:

TD T:

The recommended value, provided by the EC8, for is 0.20.

Example : for importance class II I = 1.0, soil type B S = 1.2, seismic zone withagR =
0.24 and q = 4.5, for values of 0.1, 0.25, 1.0 and 3.0, the corresponding values of Sd are0.171g,
0.16g, 0.08g and0.048g.

Figure 6.1.6: Design spectrum of horizontal actions (a) for q = 4.5, (b) for q = 3.0 and (c) for q = 1.5.Seismic zone with a gR = 0.24, TD = 2.5, soil type B,
importance class

Setting agR = 0.24, S = 1.2, I = 1.0 yields I agR S = 1.0 0.241,2 = 0.288.

The expressions for four different values of q are the following:

For q = 6.75 yields 2.5/q = 2.5/6.75 = 0.3703
0 T < 0.15: Sd (0) = 0.2882/3 = 0.192, Sd(0.15) = 0.2882.5/6.75 = 0.107 straightline
segment between points (0.0, 0.192), (0.15, 0.0107) Sd(T) = 0.288[2/3+T/0.15 (2.5/6.75-2/3)] =
0.192-0.569T
0.15 T < 0.50: curve Sd(T) = 0.107 straight line segment in the whole range
0.50 T < 2.50: curve Sd(T) = max ( I agR S 2.5/q[TC/T], I agR) = max(0.107 0.50/T,
0.048) curvature point at = 1.11 straight line segment after = 1.11
2.50 T < 4.0: curve Sd(T) = max( max ( I agR S 2.5/q[TCTD/T2], I agR) =
max(0.107 1.25/T2, 0.048) curvature point at = 1.67 straight line segment in the whole
range

For q = 4.5 yields 2.5/q = 2.5/4.5 = 25/45 = 0.555555556

0 T < 0.15: Sd (0) = 0.288 2/3 = 0.192, Sd(0.15) = 0.288 25/45 = 0.16 straight line
segment between points (0.0, 0.192), (0.15, 0.16) Sd(T) = 0.288 [2/3+T/0.15 (2.5/4.5-2/3)] =
0.192-0.213T
0.15 T < 0.50: curve Sd(T) = 0.16 straight line segment in the whole range at 0.16
0.50 T < 2.50: curve Sd(T) = max ( I agR S 2.5/q[TC/T], I agR) = max(0.16 0.50/T,
0.048) curvature point at = 1.67 straight line segment after = 1.67
2.50 T < 4.0: curve Sd(T) = max( max ( I agR S 2.5/q[TCTD/T2], I agR) =
max(0.16 1.25/T2, 0.048) curvature point at = 2.04 straight line segment in the whole
range

For q = 3.0 yields 2.5/q = 2.5/3.0 = 25/30 = 0.83333333333333

0 T < 0.15: Sd (0) = 0.288 2/3 = 0.192, Sd(0.15) = 0.288 0.83333333 = 0.24 straightline
segment between points (0.0, 0.192), (0.15, 0.24) Sd(T) = 0.288[2/3+T/0.15 (2.5/3.0-2/3)] =
0.192+0.32T
0.15 T < 0.50: curve Sd(T) = 0.24 straight line segment in the whole range
0.50 T < 2.50: curve Sd(T) = max ( I agR S 2.5/q[TC/T], I agR) = max(0.24 0.50/T,
0.048) curvature point at = 2.5 straight line segment does not exist
2.50 T < 4.0: curve Sd(T) = max( max ( I agR S 2.5/q[TCTD/T2], I agR) =
max(0.24 1.25/T2, 0.048)
curvature point at = 2.5 straight line segment in the whole range at 0.048

For q = 1.5 yields 2.5/q = 2.5/1.5 = 25/15 = 0.83333333333333

0 T < 0.15: Sd (0) = 0.2882/3 = 0.192, Sd(0.15) = 0.2881.66666666666667 =
0.48 straightline segment between points (0.0, 0.192), (0.15, 0.48) Sd(T) =
0.288[2/3+T/0.15(2.5/1.5-2/3)] = 0.192+1.92T
0.15 T < 0.50: curve Sd(T) = 0.48 straight line segment in the whole range
0.50 T < 2.50: curve Sd(T) = max ( I agR S 2.5/q[TC/T], I agR) = max(0.48 0.50/T,
0.048) curvature point at = 5.0, straight line segment does not exist
2.50 T < 4.0: curve Sd(T) = max( max ( I agR S 2.5/q[TCTD/T2], I agR) =
max(0.48 1.25/T2, 0.048) curvature point at = 3.54 straight line segment between = 3.54
and = 4.0 at 0.048
Design spectrum of vertical seismic actions [EC8, 3.2.2.5(5)]
The design of buildings usually does not account for the vertical component of the seismic action
(see 6.6.2), but when it does it shall satisfy the following conditions:

The design spectrum of 6.1.6 shall be adopted, replacing ag with avg = 0.9ag [EC8,3.2.3, table 3.4]

Soil factor S shall be taken equal to 1.0

Behaviour factor q shall be taken equal or less than 1.5

When demanding conditions occur, e.g. in multistorey planted columns, it is imposed for the
vertical accelerations to be taken into account and maybe even a uniform value q = 1.5 should be
considered for the whole structure, used for the calculation of the horizontal accelerations.
In a serious case, it is useful to also consider the structure without the diaphragmatic behaviour
of floors, at least at nodes where particularities exist, so that an exact value of the vertical
seismic acceleration is obtained at the critical nodes.
For practical and safety reasons, the vertical acceleration of critical nodes may be taken equal to
the maximum vertical accelerationaV occurred at any node. This maximum vertical acceleration
is equal to aV,max = 0.9IagR2.5/1.5 aV,max = 1.5I agR.