FUZZY LOGIC

OVERVIEW

What is Fuzzy Logic?

Where did it begin?

Fuzzy Logic vs. Neural Networks

Fuzzy Logic in Control Systems

Fuzzy Logic in Other Fields

Future

WHAT IS FUZZY LOGIC?

Definition of fuzzy

Fuzzy not clear, distinct, or precise; blurred

Definition of fuzzy logic

A form of knowledge representation suitable for

notions that cannot be defined precisely, but which
depend upon their contexts.

What is Fuzzy Logic?

Fuzzy logic is a form of many-valued logic; it deals
with reasoning that is approximate rather than fixed and
exact. In contrast with traditional logic theory,
where binary sets have two-valued logic: true or false,
fuzzy logic variables may have a truth value that ranges

in degree between 0 and 1.

What is Fuzzy Logic?

Fuzzy logic has been extended to handle

the concept of partial truth, where the truth

value may range between completely true

and completely false.

Furthermore, when linguistic variables

are used, these degrees may be managed by
specific functions

Fuzzy Data- Crisp Data

The reasoning in fuzzy logic is similar to

human reasoning

It allows for approximate values and inferences

as well as incomplete or ambiguous data

(binary yes/no choices)

Fuzzy Data- Crisp Data

Fuzzy logic is able to process incomplete

data and provide approximate solutions
to problems that other methods find
difficult to solve.

Degrees of Truth
Fuzzy

logic

and

probabilistic

logic

are

mathematically similar both have truth

values ranging between 0 and 1 but

conceptually

distinct,

interpretations.

due

to

different

Degrees of Truth
Fuzzy logic corresponds to "degrees of truth",
while

probabilistic

logic

corresponds

to

"probability, likelihood"; as these differ, fuzzy

logic and probabilistic logic yield different

models of the same real-world situations.

Degrees of Truth
Both degrees of truth and probabilities range

between 0 and 1 and hence may seem similar

at first.

Applying the Values

A basic application might characterize sub

ranges of a continuous variable.

For instance, a temperature measurement

for anti-lock brakes might have several

separate

membership

functions

defining

particular temperature ranges needed to

control the brakes properly.

Applying the Values

Each function maps the temperature value

to a truth value in the 0 to 1 range.

These truth values can then be used to

determine
controlled

how

the

brakes

should

be

CONTD.,

It has four main parts as shown

Fuzzification Module It transforms the system
inputs, which are crisp numbers, into fuzzy sets.
Knowledge Base It stores IF-THEN rules
provided by experts.
Inference Engine It simulates the human
reasoning process by making fuzzy inference on the
inputs and IF-THEN rules.
Defuzzification Module It transforms the fuzzy
set obtained by the inference engine into a crisp
value.

Applying the Values

Applying the Values

In

this

image,

the

meaning

of

the

expressions cold, warm, and hot is represented

by functions mapping a temperature scale. A
point on that scale has three "truth values"
one for each of the three functions.

Linguistic Variables
While variables in mathematics usually take
numerical values, in fuzzy logic applications, the

non-numeric linguistic variables are often used to

facilitate the expression of rules and facts

Linguistic Variables
1. A linguistic variable such as age may have a
value such as young or its antonym old.
2. However, the great utility of linguistic
variables is that they can be modified via
linguistic hedges applied to primary terms.
3. The linguistic hedges can be associated with
certain functions.

ORIGINS OF FUZZY LOGIC

Traces back to Ancient Greece

Lotfi Asker Zadeh ( 1965 )

First to publish ideas of fuzzy logic.

Professor Toshire Terano ( 1972 )

Organized the world's first working group on fuzzy

systems.

F.L. Smidth & Co. ( 1980 )

First to market fuzzy expert systems.

FUZZY LOGIC IN CONTROL

SYSTEMS

Fuzzy Logic provides a more efficient an resourceful

way to solve Control Systems.

Some Examples

Temperature Controller

Anti Lock Break System ( ABS )

TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER

The problem

A temperature control system has four settings

Cold, Cool, Warm, and Hot

Humidity can be defined by:

Change the speed of a heater fan, based off the room

temperature and humidity.

Low, Medium, and High

Using this we can define

the fuzzy set.

BENEFITS OF USING FUZZY LOGIC

ANTI LOCK BREAK SYSTEM ( ABS )

Nonlinear and dynamic in nature
Inputs for Intel Fuzzy ABS are derived from

Brake
4 WD
Feedback
Wheel speed
Ignition

Outputs

Pulsewidth
Error lamp