Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 28

.

12 11 7 632
.

)(632 661

.
12 11
7 632
.

63

][1

""


.

:
][2






144 :

][3

.






:

".

"

][4




.


[5] .

[11]
:
" "
][9






[12]



:
:

.

][6

][13

13 11 8 632

55 :



.


] [7
:
.
:

][8


)2(


)1(

][14
[9]
.
[10] .

)11-13634-632/(

)11-13634-632/(

][18

][19



) (

][15



11

632 [16] .

][17

11

632

) (




.
[20]

[21] .


[22] .



()3

)

( [23]
.

" "

][24

][29




[25] .


.

][26

][27

][30

.

22 13
23 634
61.

.
12 .

)13-24644-634/(

[31]

[32] .


[28] .

)13-24644-634/(

) (.

][42




][44
13 )634(

][43

[45] .
][46

[33] .
[34] [47] .


" : ".

][35

][36

][48

][49

[50]

15 [51] .

][52

18 )639(

[53]

][54

][55

] [57 [58]

) (


8,000

][37

][56

][60

][59


][38


][39


.

][40

][61

][62

[63]
[41] 12 .

[77][76]
65 10

24 )644(.

][78

)24-35655-644/(

][62

13

][64


][65
) (
.

][66

][67

1,000

[68]

][69

:
[70] .
15

][71

16 [72]

21 [73]

.

][75][74

23 ) 644(

)24-35655-644/(

][91

( [79] .

][92

][94
][93
.

][80

][79


[81]


][82

[81]
[82]

24 ) 644(.

][83

][95


[96] .


- -
.

][97

34

][98


[84]
25 .

][85

][86


[87] .

][88

31



[89] .

[98]



.

][99



] [90

[100]

18 35 ) 20 656(

][101
.

)35-41661-655/(

][104


:
[108][107] .
:

][109

][102

][103

[104] .

:

][106][105



)4([110]

)35-41661-655/(


[111] .



][117

.

][112

" " [111]

][113

36

36.

656

][118

][119

][114

][119



36 656

[120]

.
.

][121

][115


" "
"
"

][116

][116
.
][122

][123

[124] . )41661/(

[125]

][126



37
658 :

: .

[127]

][132

][133



][134

.
[135] .


] [128



.



41 661





. " "

[136] .
38 658


49 670
][129




.

:



17 40
:



63 65 68

:

.

][131][130

][137

50 671

( [93] .

][138

][148


][141

.
- -

][140

][139

- -

- -

][141





[142] .

[143]
.

][144



[148]

) (


[149] .

.
.

.
.



[146] .
][93
.


- -

][147
.


][148
.


][145

][93

: ) (
.

[143] .

.

.

][93

][141

.
[150] ) ( [148]

) (
.

][150

][141


] [148
:



[159] .

][160

][161

)
][151
][141
(.
.
-

- . 31

][148

][162

[143] .

] [163 [148]

][148

][152

][153

][154

] [155

[154] .

)
( [165][164]

][148

][166

][93

][156

][157

[158]

][167

[168] . - -

][93

][170][169

[172] .




15 )636(
20.

][149

][171

][172

:


.

][173

][172

" "

2.5%

][149
200 [174] .
.



.
2.5%



2.5% .

][175



"

"

][176

][172


[177] :

][180



][180
.


""


. 18 639

.
" " " "
][180
" " [181] . " ".


.
.

][178


[179] .
" ".

][179







][179

" ".

.

][175

][90



.

.

][92

][182

][92


[182] .


][183

[184]

.

][180

: ) (

) (



-
. -


40 ) 661(

][191
.
,
.

][187][186][185


) (

][189][188



[188]
:
:


:



) (.

][189

) (

.

][190

][191

.


][192

][193

" "

" "

"" .

][194

][200


.


[197] .





[195]







][195
.
[197]





][197
.

][196
.


[197] :

][198

][197

][195

.
(
:

)
(

][199

.
:


:

" " .
" " :
"
" : :
"
".

][202][201

][206

.
.

:
.
"


][203

:
.



][204

"

:1

][205

.


.







.



.

:2

] [3 ) .(1971
) 4 .(3- :
. .306

] [4 :

:3
.

.
:4

.
.
.

] [5 )14242003/(.

) .(1- :
. .ISBN 9953-18-101-2 .14-15
] [6 ) .(1987 : .
- : :
. .407-408
] [7 : )
(

.
) .(1979
. .

) .(1979
. .

] [8 : ) (

] [9 ) .(1960
.3- : .
.201-218

] [10 ) .(1960
.2- : . .123

) ] [11 ) .(1937
.- : . .8
.(2002 . .
] [12 ) .(1937
) .(1985
.- : . .12-13

. .

) (1982 :
ISBN
0195977149

] [13 )14242003/(.

) .(1- :
. .ISBN 9953-18-101-2 .22

] [14 ) .(1937
) .(2000 - :9
.- : . .14

. -
.

] [15 ) .(1956-1957
.1- : . .114

] [16 ) .(1960

] [1 )1995( . )-
-/( ) .(3- : .
.202

.3- : .
.236

] [17 ) .(1960
.3- : .
.212

) ] [18 ) .(1960

] [2 )14011981/( .
( . - : .
.223

.3- : .
.246

] [19 ) .(1967 ] [39 p. 406-407 ,1979


.2- : . .344-345
] [40 . .
] [20 ) .(1960
.01-05-2006 .27-06-2012
.3- : .
.249

] [21 ) .(1991 .
- : .
.109

] [41 p. ,2002
544-545
] [42 p. 303 ,1985
] [43 p. 430 ,1979

] [22 ) .(1983 ] [44 . . -01


) .(4- : . .340-341
.05-2006 .27-06-2012
] [23 ) .(1991 [45] p. 387-380 ,1985
.1- : [46] . p. ,2002
.115
187
] [24 ) .(1967 ] [47 : . .
.2- : . .350-351
.01-05-2006 .27-06-2012
] [25 )1995( . ) [48] - p. 511 ,1985
-/( ) .(3- : .
.253

] [49 p. ,2002
244

] [26 )1995( . )-
] [50 p. ,2002
-/( ) .(3- : .
245
.256
] [51 p. 526-527 ,1985
] [27 : . :
] [52 p. 527 ,1985
26 2003
] [53 .
] [28 )1995( . )-
.90-91 : - ) (1981 -
-/( ) .(3- : .
)(1966
.267
] [54 . -:
] [29 ) .(1981 .7
165 - ).(1956-1957
- : . .5
] [55 .

] [30 ) .(1996
) 10 .(21- : ] [56 . .
.22-07-2007 .30-06-2012
. .304-305
] [31 :

] [57 p. 565 ,1979

[58] p. 567 ,1979


2001.ISBN 0-7388-5963-X .34 .
] [59 . . -30-06
.2012
] [32 : .133
] [33 - . .01-04-2012 ] [60 p. 26 ,1979
.25-06-2012
] [61 . .
] [34 p. 425 ,1979
.19-04-2010 .30-06-2012
] [35 p. 426 ,1979

] [62 .
. .01-05-2005 .28-06-2012

] [37 p. 21 ,2006

] [64 p. 376 ,1986

] [38 p. 22 ,2006

] [65 p. 376-377 ,1986

]Islam in Global History: From the Death of Prophet [36


Muhammad to the First World War
] [63 105:

] [66 p. 377 ,1986


] [67 p. 378 ,1986

] [90 ) 14212000/( : - :3
.231 -
.

] [68 p. 379 ,1986


] [91 ) 14212000/( : - :3
] [69 . . -01
.232
.05-2005 .28-06-2012
] [92 ) 14212000/( : - :3
] [70 p. 26-27 ,1977
.234
] [71 . . .28-06-2012
] [93 : - .102113
.
] [72 . . -01
.05-2005 .28-06-2012
] [94 ) 14212000/( : - :3
.233
] [73 " : " ..23
1979 .
] [95 ) 1426 :(2006/ -67
] [74 .
.68
. .01-05-2005 .28-06-2012
] [96 ) 1402 :(1982/ .79
] [75 p. 403-404 ,1984
.
] [76 . [97] ) 14212000/( : - :3
.190-191 : . -
.237-236
1960
] [98 ) 1426 :(2006/ .72
] [77 .
.149 148 137 : - ) [99] (1981 ) 14212000/( : - :3
- ).(1966
.240
] [78 . [100] : ) 14212000/( : - :3
.265 - )(1957
.241
] [79 ) 1426 :(2006/ .56
- .
] [80 : "
".

] [81 ) 14212000/( : - :3
.219
] [82 ) 14212000/( : - :3
.220

] [101 ) 14212000/( : - :3
.242
] [102 ) .(1998 .- :
. .262
] [103 )14242003/(.

) .(1- :
. .ISBN 9953-18-101-2 .429

] [83 ) 14212000/( : - :3 ] [104 ) .(1960


.222-221
.4- : .
] [84 ) 1426 :(2006/ .59
] [85 ) 14212000/( : - :3
.224
] [86 ) 14212000/( : - :3
.225
] [87 ) 14212000/( : - :3
.226
] [88 ) 1426 :(2006/ .65
] [89 ) 1426 :(2006/ .66

.432

] [105 :


][http://shiaonlinelibrary.com/ [106_3495/--
---/-_ 188 - -
- ]

][http://shiaonlinelibrary.com/ [107_3476/--
-/-_ 450 - - -
]

][http://shiaonlinelibrary.com/ [108_3495/- [125] - ) .(2005


---/-_ 189 - -
- ]

.2- : :
. .390

] [126 ) .(1981 .7
] [109 ) .(1960
- : . .273-276
.4- : .
] [127 ) .(1981 .7
.427
- : . .282-284
] [110 ) .(2005
.2- : : ] [128 ) .(1961 .-
: . .210
. .354
] [111 ) .(1960 ] [129 ) .(1960
.2- : . .197
.4- : .
.441 440 438
] [130 : .
] [112 ) .(1979
.- : . .212
] [113 ) .(1998 .- :
. .266
] [114 )14242003/(.

: 17 1425 8 2004


] [131 :
: 5 1424
] [132 ) .(1967
.3- : . .403

) .(1- : ] [133 ) .(1937


. .ISBN 9953-18-101-2 .433
.- : . .153

] [115 ) .(1995 ) .(3- : ] [134


. .144
)13711952/( . .
] [116 ) .(1960
.4- : .
.248-249

] [117 ) .(1967
.3- : . .212-226
] [118 ) .(1960
.4- : .
.459

- : .
.177
] [135 ) .(1960
.1- : .
.92

] [136 ) .(2005
.3- : :
. .24

] [119 ) .(1961 . [137] - : -


- : . .143-148
] [120 ) .(1960 ] [138 )1995( . )-
.2- : . .183
-/( ) .(3- : .
.370
] [121 ) .(1960
]-8 [139 -2 : . .18-07-2013
.4- : .
.541
] [140 ) :(2000
.100-90 .

] [122 )( ) .(1981 .-
: . .27-28
] [141 ) :(2006
. .18-07-2013
] [123 )( ) .(1981 .-
] [142 p. 204 ,2000
: . .55
] [124 ) .(1937
.- . .96

] [143 p. 39 ,2000
] [144 p. 166 ,2000

] [145 p. 172 ,2000


] [146 ) :(2006 .156
] [147 ) :(2006 .24
] [148 .
.206 . -18
.07-2013

] [171 : .
. .12-05-2009 -18-07
.2013

] [172 : . :
27 1421 24 - 2001

] [173 : :

] [149 ) :(2006 . [174] -18 : :


12 2007
.07-2013
] [150 . .18-07-2013
] [151 :1/38 :

] [175 :
. 27 : 2011

[176] . )1995( . )-
.
-/( ) .(3- : .

.293

] [152 p. 205 ,2000


] [153 p. 220 ,2000
] [154 p. 231 ,2000
] [155 p. 238 ,2000

] [177 - : . :
10 1426 16 - 2005

] [178 )1995( . )-
-/( ) .(3- : .
.330

] [156 p. 240 ,2000

] [179 :
. 16 : 2010

] [158 p. 206 ,2000

] [180 " " : .

] [157 p. 241 ,2000

] [159 p. 221 ,2000


] [160 p. 222 ,2000
][161
][162
][163
][164

] [181 ) .(1937 .
- . .31-33

p. 229 ,2000
] [182 ) 14212000/( : - :3
) :(2010 ..
.235
. . .18-07-2013
] [183 ) 14212000/( : - :3
. .
.245-236
.18-07-2013
] [184 ) 14212000/( : - :3
.257
. .:



197

. :
] [165 :
] [166 : 94

] [185 - - 45
] [186 805
] [187 376

] [167 ) :(2006
-7 .183
] [188 . .
.11-02-2011 .18-07-2013
] [168 ) :(1999
.118-117
] [189 : )
( . . -18-07
.2013
] [169

] [190 : -
. .200
] [170 ) .(2003 254


] [191 : -
.202
] [192 : -
.201
] [193 ) .(1960
.4- : .
.232

] [194 ) .(1967
.2- : . .200
] [195 ) .(1999
) 9 .(19- : . .345-346

.
:

.
: ..
: . : 8
2012.

] [196 )14171997/( .
.1- : :
. .61

. : 17 2010.

] [197 :

: ..

. : 30
2012

] [198 636
] [199 ) .(1957-1956 .
- : . .157
] [200 ) .(1960
.6- : .
.212

] [201 :" : "


. : 4 1424 2 -
2003
] [202 " : "
] [203 : :
- : 1 .151 :

] [204 :
:



] [205
: - .
3 : 2013 24 1434

] [206
:

: . :

. : .
: 23 2013.
: .
. :
.

.
https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84% :
OKBot CommonsDelinker Uwe a Abanima : D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AF%D8%A9?oldid=18212084
Mr. Ibrahem WisiW Ibrahim.ID MaraBot Enlightening7 Osamaeid CipherBot MenoBot Jobas Muhends
MrJoker07 Mohammad hajeer arwiki~ ElphiBot ASammour Zahiralbarqi Uishaki Taher2000

GomerS SHBot 98 Reza Amper Islam90 Mr.Ibrahembot ZkBot Mervat Salman

: JarBot Adil2015adil Yoki Yoki Kareem1958 Drissmlds Bouika.abdo Kr ali


10

Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Abubakr%27sreign.png : Abubakrsreign.png:


wikia : http://islam.wikia.com/wiki/File:Abu_bakr{}s_reign.png :
CC BY-SA 4.0 : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Ahlul_Sunnah.png : Ahlul_Sunnah.png:
Bakkouz : :
: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Al-Masjid_al-Nabawi_03.jpg : Al-Masjid_al-Nabawi_03.jpg:
Americophile : : CC BY-SA 3.0
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Ali_and_Aisha_ : Ali_and_Aisha_at_the_Battle_of_the_Camel.jpg:
http://collections.si.edu/search/results.htm?q=record_ID%3Afsg_ : Public domain : at_the_Battle_of_the_Camel.jpg
a href='//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4233718' title='wikidata:Q4233718'><img> : S1986.238&repo=DPLA
alt='wikidata:Q4233718'
src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.
svg.png'
width='20'
height='11'
srcset='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/
30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.
<svg.png 2x' data-file-width='1050' data-file-height='590' /></a
: Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Allah-green.svg : Allah-green.svg:
Converted to SVG from Image:Islam.png, originally from en:Image:Ift32.gif, uploaded to the English Wikipedia by Mr100percent on
? : ."Originally described as Copied from Public Domain artwork .
, : CC BY-SA 3.0 : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Allah1.png : Allah1.png:
Ibrahim ebi : derived from File:Allah.png by same uploader

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/
: B)_Syria_-_Belka,_Woman_from_Damascus,_Arab_from_Baghdad.png:
: Public domain : commons/e/e2/B%29_Syria_-_Belka%2C_Woman_from_Damascus%2C_Arab_from_Baghdad.png
THE HISTORY OF COSTUME By Braun & Schneider : http://www.siue.edu/COSTUMES/history.html
https:
:
Balami_-_Tarikhnama_-_the_election_of_'Othman_as_the_caliphate_of_Medina_(cropped).jpg:
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Balami_-_Tarikhnama_-_the_election_of_%27Othman_as_the_caliphate_of_
http://collections.si.edu/search/results.htm?view=&date.slider=&q= : Public domain : Medina_%28cropped%29.jpg
Bal'ami : Tarikhnama&dsort=&start=0
: Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Basmala.svg : Basmala.svg:
(previous version Baba66) :Creator :

: : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ar/b/bf/Basmala_White.png : Basmala_White.png:
<a href='//ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%81:Basmala.svg' class='image'><img alt='Basmala.svg' src='//upload.wikimedia.
org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Basmala.svg/800px-Basmala.svg.png' width='800' height='160' srcset='//upload.wikimedia.org/
wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Basmala.svg/1200px-Basmala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/
Basmala.svg/1600px-Basmala.svg.png 2x' data-file-width='800' data-file-height='160' /></a>
? :

: Bataille_de_Sin.gif:
: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Bataille_de_Siff%C3%AEn.png
Tcherkes Agh Ysuf Psh : http://gallica.bnf.fr/scripts/mediator.exe?F=C&L=08100271&I=000007 : Public domain
: Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/BlackFlag.svg : BlackFlag.svg:

) An Anarchist FAQ Stirling: AK Press ISBN: 1-902593-90-1. OCLC:"Appendix The Symbols of Anarchy" in Iain Mckay , ed. (
: Stevo (vectorization) 182529204.

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Coat_of_arms_of_Saudi_
: Coat_of_arms_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg:
Anuskafm : : Public domain : Arabia.svg
Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg : Commons-logo.svg:
This version created by Pumbaa, using a proper partial circle and SVG geometry features. (Former versions used to be slightly :
SVG version was created by User:Grunt and cleaned up by 3247, based on the earlier PNG version, created by : warped.)
.Reidab

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Crystal_Clear_app_kdict.png
: Crystal_Clear_app_kdict.png:
Everaldo Coelho and :; All Crystal Clear icons were posted by the author as LGPL on kde-look : LGPL :
;YellowIcon
CC BY-SA 3.0 : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Derafsh_Kaviani.png : Derafsh_Kaviani.png:
Autokrator : :
CC-BY- : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Disambig_gray_RTL.svg : Disambig_gray_RTL.svg:
: SA-3.0
: Disambig_gray.svg: Stephan Baum (recolored by Mzajac, converted to SVG by Booyabazooka) Disambig_gray.svg
Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/First_Fitna_map.png : First_Fitna_map.png:
Yenemus : :
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/ : First_Islamic_coins_by_caliph_Uthman-mohammad_adil_rais.jpg:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File: : CC-BY-SA-3.0 : 6c/First_Islamic_coins_by_caliph_Uthman-mohammad_adil_rais.jpg
Mohammad adil : First_Islamic_coins_by_caliph_Uthman-mohammad_adil_rais.jpg
CC0 : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg : Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg:
: http://openclipart.org/detail/24112/flag-of-afghanistan-by-anonymous-24112 :
User:Zscout370

Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg : Flag_of_Armenia.svg:


SKopp : :
Public : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg : Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg:
: http://www.elibrary.az/docs/remz/pdf/remz_bayraq.pdf and http://www.meclis.gov.az/?/az/topcontent/21 : domain
SKopp and others
Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg : Flag_of_Bahrain.svg:
Source: Drawn by User:SKopp, rewritten by User: : /http://www.moci.gov.bh/en/KingdomofBahrain/BahrainFlag :
Zscout370
Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg : Flag_of_Cyprus.svg:
User:Vzb83 : :
From : CC0 : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg : Flag_of_Egypt.svg:
Open Clip Art : .the Open Clip Art website
Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg : Flag_of_Georgia.svg:
User:SKopp : based on File:Brdzanebuleba 31.pdf :
Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg : Flag_of_Greece.svg:
cs:User:-xfi- (talk) (of code) : own code :
: Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg : Flag_of_Iran.svg:
URL http://www.isiri.org/portal/files/std/1.htm and an English translation / interpretation at URL http://flagspot.net/flags/ir'.html
Various :
: Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg : Flag_of_Iraq.svg:
: This image is based on the CIA Factbook, and the website of Office of the President of Iraq, vectorized by User:Militaryace
Unknown, published by Iraqi governemt, vectorized by User:Militaryace based on the work of User:Hoshie
Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg : Flag_of_Israel.svg:
http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/History/Modern%20History/Israel%20at%2050/The%20Flag%20and%20the%20Emblem
:
The Provisional Council of State Proclamation of the Flag of the State of Israel of 25 Tishrei 5709 (28 October 1948) :
.provides the official specification for the design of the Israeli flag
: Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg : Flag_of_Italy.svg:
There has been a long discussion on the colors of this flag. Please read the talk page before editing or reverting this image. Pantone to RGB
see below : performed by http://www.pantone.com/pages/pantone/colorfinder.aspx
Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg : Flag_of_Jordan.svg:
? : ? :
Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg : Flag_of_Kuwait.svg:
SKopp : :
Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg : Flag_of_Lebanon.svg:
Traced based on the CIA World Factbook with some modification done to the colours based on information at : ? :
.Vexilla mundi
Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg : Flag_of_Libya.svg:
The source code of this SVG is <a data-x-rel='nofollow' class='external text' : File:Flag of Libya (1951).svg :
href='//validator.w3.org/check?uri=https%3A%2F%2Fcommons.wikimedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSpecial%3AFilepath%2FFlag_of_Libya.
.<svg,<span>,&,</span>,ss=1'>valid</a

? : CC0 : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg : Flag_of_Oman.svg:


? :
Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg : Flag_of_Pakistan.svg:
User:Zscout370 : .The drawing and the colors were based from flagspot.net :
Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg : Flag_of_Palestine.svg:
Based on Law No. 5 for the year 2006 amending some provisions of Law No. 22 for the year 2005 on the Sanctity . :
.Orionist, previous versions by Makaristos, Mysid, etc : of the Palestinian Flag

Public domain

: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg : Flag_of_Qatar.svg:
-cs:User:-xfi (of code) : Drawn by User:SKopp :

Public domain

: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg : Flag_of_Russia.svg:
.
: (Blue - Pantone 286 C, Red - Pantone 485 C)
[1][2][3][4] :
Zscout370 :

: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg
: Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg:
a href='//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4233718' title='wikidata:Q4233718'><img> : the actual flag : CC0
alt='wikidata:Q4233718'
src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.
svg.png'
width='20'
height='11'
srcset='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/
30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.
<svg.png 2x' data-file-width='1050' data-file-height='590' /></a
Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg : Flag_of_Sudan.svg:
Vzb83 : www.vexilla-mundi.com :
Public domain
Public

: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg : Flag_of_Syria.svg:
see below : see below :

: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg

: Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg:
? : ? : domain

Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg : Flag_of_Tunisia.svg:


entraneur: BEN KHALIFA WISSAM : /http://www.w3.org :
Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg : Flag_of_Turkey.svg:
Turkish Flag Law (Trk Bayra Kanunu), Law nr. 2893 of 22 September 1983. Text (in Turkish) at the website of the :
David Benbennick (original author) : Turkish Historical Society (Trk Tarih Kurumu)

: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg

: Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg:
? : ? : Public domain

Public : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg : Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg:


Ozbekiston Respublikasining Davlat bayrogi. The officially defined colours are Pantone 313C : : domain
.for blue and 361C for green (source: [1], [2]). Drawn by User:Zscout370
: CC0 : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg : Flag_of_Yemen.svg:
? : Open Clip Art website
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_
: Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg:
? : ? : Public domain : Arab_Emirates.svg
CC BY- : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Geschiedenis_icoon.png : Geschiedenis_icoon.png:
Capaccio : : SA 3.0
CC-BY- : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/IslamSymbolAllah.PNG : IslamSymbolAllah.PNG:
.Tinette : .Created by Tinette user of Italian Wikipedia : SA-3.0
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/
:
IslamSymbolAllahCompWhite.PNG:
: .Created by Tinette user of Italian Wikipedia : CC-BY-SA-3.0 : IslamSymbolAllahCompWhite.PNG
.Tinette
: CC BY-SA 3.0 : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Kaaba2.JPG : Kaaba2.JPG:
Aiman titi :

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Labarum_of_
:
Labarum_of_Constantine_the_Great.svg:
Labarum_of_Constantine_I.svg (reconstruction by Eugene Ipavec, : CC BY-SA 3.0 : Constantine_the_Great.svg
2006)
Labarum_of_Constantine_I.svg:
<a href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg'
:
class='image'><img alt='Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg' src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/
Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg/25px-Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg.png' width='25' height='35' srcset='https://upload.
wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg/38px-Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg.png
1.5x,
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg/50px-Vexilloid_of_the_
Roman_Empire.svg.png 2x' data-file-width='245' data-file-height='343' /></a> TRAJAN 117

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Map_of_expansion_of_
: Map_of_expansion_of_Caliphate.svg:
Adapted from http://guides.library.iit.edu/content.php?pid=27903&sid=322018 (via : Public domain : Caliphate.svg
Image:Age_of_Caliphs.png), traced on high resolution version of Image:BlankMap-World6.svg. Information from The Times Concise
: .Atlas of World History ed. by Geoffrey Barraclough published by Times Books Ltd. Isbn 0-7230-0274-6 pp. 40-41
DieBuche

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/MediaWiki_Vector_skin_ : MediaWiki_Vector_skin_left_arrow.svg:
MediaWiki Usability team (vectorisation by Domaina) : MediaWiki Vector skin : Public domain : left_arrow.svg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/MediaWiki_Vector_ : MediaWiki_Vector_skin_right_arrow.svg:
MediaWiki Usability team (vectorisation : MediaWiki Vector skin : Public domain : skin_right_arrow.svg
by Domaina)
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Meshed_ali_usnavy_%28PD%29.jpg : Meshed_ali_usnavy_(PD).jpg:
: Public domain :
: U.S. Navy photo by Photographers Mate 1st Class Arlo K. Abrahamson. http://www.navy.mil/view_image.asp?id=6518
Public : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Mittelmeeranrainer.png : Mittelmeeranrainer.png:
de: selbstgemacht aus: Image:BlankMap-Europe-v4.png : domain
bjb-de :
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Mohamed_peace_be_upon_ : Mohamed_peace_be_upon_him.svg:
Bakkouz : : CC-BY-SA-3.0 : him.svg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/
: Mohammad_Adil_Rais-Muslim_warrior_during_rashidun_caliphate.PNG:
? : CC-BY-SA-3.0 : commons/2/27/Mohammad_Adil_Rais-Muslim_warrior_during_rashidun_caliphate.PNG
? :
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/
: Mohammad_adil-Rashidun-empire-at-its-peak-close.PNG:
Transferred from en.wikipedia to : CC-BY-SA-3.0 : Mohammad_adil-Rashidun-empire-at-its-peak-close.PNG
Wikipedia Mohammad adil at : .Commons
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/ : Mohammad_adil_rais-Caliph_Umars_empire_at_its_peak_644.PNG:
http://en.wikipedia.org/ : CC BY-SA 3.0 : d/de/Mohammad_adil_rais-Caliph_Umar%27s_empire_at_its_peak_644.PNG
Mohammad adil : wiki/File:Mohammad_adil_rais-Caliph_Umar%27s_empire_at_its_peak_644.PNG
svg._____ _______-_Rashidun_Caliph_Abu_Bakr_as-Siddq_(Abdullah_ibn_Abi_Quhafa):
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7f/Rashidun_Caliph_Abu_Bakr_as-%C8%98idd%C4%ABq_%28Abdullah_ :
ibn_Abi_Quhafa%29_-_%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%88_%D8%A8%D9%83%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%
82_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%
86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%8A_%D8%A3%D9%
88%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AF%
Petermaleh : : CC BY-SA 3.0 : D9%8A%D9%86.svg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/
: svg.____-_Rashidun_Caliph_Ali_ibn_Abi_Talib:
Rashidun_Caliph_Ali_ibn_Abi_Talib_-_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D8%B7%D8%
Petermaleh : : CC BY-SA 3.0 : A7%D9%84%D8%A8.svg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ : svg.______-_Rashidun_Caliph_Uthman_ibn_Aan:
commons/3/30/Rashidun_Caliph_Uthman_ibn_Affan_-_%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B9%
D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_
: : CC BY-SA 3.0 : %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86.svg
Petermaleh
https://upload.wikimedia.org/
:
svg._ _____-_Rashidun_Caliphs_Umar_ibn_Al-Khattb:
wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Rashidun_Caliphs_Umar_ibn_Al-Khatt%C4%81b_-_%D8%B9%D9%8F%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D9%
86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9%91%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%
CC
: AE%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86.svg
Petermaleh : : BY-SA 3.0
Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Shahnameh3-1.jpg : Shahnameh3-1.jpg:
? : ? :
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Small_Muslim_
:
Small_Muslim_Fleet_-_Alsawary.jpg:
a> : : Public domain : Fleet_-_Alsawary.jpg
href='//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4233718'
title='wikidata:Q4233718'><img
alt='wikidata:Q4233718'
src='https://upload.
wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png'
width='20'
height='11'
srcset='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png
1.5x,
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x' data-file-width='1050'
<data-file-height='590' /></a

Public

: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Symbol_star_gold.svg : Symbol_star_gold.svg:
C.Thure : : domain

Public : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Symbol_star_silver.svg : Symbol_star_silver.svg:


: domain

: Symbol_star3.svg: Symbol_star3.svg

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Temple_Mount_

: Temple_Mount_(Aerial_view,_2007)_05.jpg:

Godot13 : : CC BY-SA 3.0 : %28Aerial_view%2C_2007%29_05.jpg

https: : The_entrance_of_Caliph_Umar_(581?644)_into_Jerusalem,_638-_colored_engraving,_19th_century..jpg:
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/The_entrance_of_Caliph_Umar_%28581%3F-644%29_into_Jerusalem%2C_638-_
http://fineartamerica.com/featured/caliph-umar-granger.html : Public domain : colored_engraving%2C_19th_century..jpg
Granger :
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Th%C3%A9odore_ : Thodore_Chassriau_-_Arab_combat.jpg:
: : Public domain : Chass%C3%A9riau_-_Arab_combat.jpg
Public domain : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Umayyad_Flag.svg : Umayyad_Flag.svg:
Ch1902 : :
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/Uthman_Koran_Taschkent_a.jpg : Uthman_Koran_Taschkent_a.jpg:
Wiggum : : CC-BY-SA-3.0 :
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Wikibooks-logo-ar-noslogan.svg : Wikibooks-logo-ar-noslogan.svg:
? : Image:Wikibooks-logo.svg : CC BY-SA 3.0 :
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/World_Muslim_ : World_Muslim_Population_Pew_Forum-ar.png:
: CC BY-SA 3.0 : Population_Pew_Forum-ar.png
: World_Muslim_Population_Pew_Forum.png: HaireDunya World_Muslim_Population_Pew_Forum.png
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ : svg.______-_Rashidun_Caliph_Uthman_ibn_Aan_:
commons/3/30/Rashidun_Caliph_Uthman_ibn_Affan_-_%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B9%
D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_
: : CC BY-SA 3.0 : %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86.svg
Petermaleh
: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86.jpg : jpg.:
Hassan Ehap : : CC BY-SA 3.0
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8% : png.__:
CC BY-SA 3.0 : B7_%D9%83%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85.png
: :
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9% : png.___:
8A%D8%B7_%D9%83%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%
: : CC BY-SA 3.0 : 84%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86.png
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%
: PNG.______:
A7%D8%B1%D9%83_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AF_
: GFDL : %D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A9.PNG
: File:Mohammad adil rais-conquest of Arabia.PNG

Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0

You might also like