The RC Desktop Toolkit

BS 8110 Design Shear

Table 3

Form and area of shear reinforcements in beams

Value of

N/mm2
Less than 0.5 c throughout the beam
0.5 c < v < ( c + 0.4)
( c + 0.4) < < 0.8 fcu or 5 N/mm2

Table 4

Form of shear reinforcement to be

provided

Area of shear reinforcement

to be provided

See NOTE 1
Minimum links for whole
length of beam
Links or links combined with
bent-up bars. Not more than 50%
of the shear resistance provided
by the steel may be in the form
of bent-up bars (see NOTE 3)

Asv 0.4 b v sv /0.87fyv

(see NOTE 2)
Where links only provided:
Asv bvsv( c )/0.87fyv
Where links and bent-up
bars provided: see 3.4.5.6
of BS 8110

NOTE 1 While minimum links should be provided in all beams of structural importance, it will be satisfactory to omit
them in members of minor structural importance such as lintels or where the maximum design shear stress is less
than half c.
NOTE 2 Minimum links provide a design shear resistance of 0.4 N/mm2.

Values of c design concrete shear stress

100As
b vd

0.15
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.50
2.00
3.00

125
N/mm2
0.45
0.53
0.67
0.77
0.84
0.97
1.06
1.22

150
N/mm2
0.43
0.51
0.64
0.73
0.81
0.92
1.02
1.16

Effective depth
mm
175
200
N/mm2
N/mm2
0.41
0.40
0.49
0.47
0.62
0.60
0.71
0.68
0.78
0.75
0.89
0.86
0.98
0.95
1.12
1.08

225
N/mm2
0.39
0.46
0.58
0.66
0.73
0.83
0.92
1.05

250
N/mm2
0.38
0.45
0.56
0.65
0.71
0.81
0.89
1.02

300
N/mm2
0.36
0.43
0.54
0.62
0.68
0.78
0.86
0.98

400
N/mm2
0.34
0.40
0.50
0.57
0.63
0.72
0.80
0.91

NOTE 3 See 3.4.5.5 of BS 8110 for guidance on spacing of links and bent-up bars.

NOTE 1 Allowance has been made in these figures for a m of 1.25.

NOTE 2 For characteristic concrete strength greater than 25 N/mm2, the values in this table may be multiplied by
1
(fcu/25) /3, the value of fcu should not be taken as greater than 40.

Based on Table 3.7 of BS 8110

Based on Table 3.8 of BS 8110

BS 8110 Design Flexure

Procedure for determining
flexural reinforcement
Carry out analysis of beam to determine
design moments (M)
(see Table 1)

Table 1

Calculate lever arm z from

z=d 0.5 + 0.25 - K
0.9
Compression reinforcement required
No

Outside scope
of this guide

Concrete class C50/60?

M
Determine K from K = 2
bd fcu

K = 0.156 where redistribution 10%

K = 0.402 ( b - 0.4) - 0.18 ( b - 0.4)2
where redistribution >10%

2/3

Calculate tension
reinforcement required from
As = (Kfcubd 2/0.87fy z)+ As

is K K ?

No
Yes

Calculate compression
reinforcement required from
As = (K-K)fcu bd 2/0.87fy (d-d)

Obtain lever arm z from Table 2 or use

z=d 0.5 + 0.25 - K 0.95d
0.9

Check maximum
reinforcement
requirements
A s,max = 0.04 Ac
for tension or
compression
reinforcement
outside lap locations

Calculate tension reinforcement

required from
As = M
0.87 fy z

Check minimum
reinforcement
requirements

Yes

No compression reinforcement required

Design ultimate bending moments and shear forces

At outer
support
Moment
0
Shear
0.45F

Near middle of At first interior At middle of

end span
support
interior spans
0.09Fl
0.11Fl
0.07Fl

0.6F

NOTE
l is the effective span;
F is the total design ultimate load (1.4G k + 1.6Q k).
No redistribution of the moments calculated from this table should be made.
Characteristic imposed load Qk may not exceed characteristic dead load Gk;
Loads should be substantially uniformaly distributed over three or more spans;
Variations in span length should not exceed 15% of longest.

Based on Table 3.5 of BS 8110

Design
complete
Table 2

K
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.10

z/d for singly reinforced rectangular sections

z/d
0.94
0.93
0.91
0.90
0.89
0.87

K
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.156

z/d
0.86
0.84
0.82
0.81
0.79
0.78

At interior
supports
0.08Fl
0.55F

BS 8110 Design Axial

Column design chart for rectangular column d/h = 0.80

Column design chart for circular column hs /h = 0.80

Based on figures C.4d and C.5b of Concrete Buildings Scheme Design Manual.

2/3

BS 8110 Design Deflection

Table 5

Modification factor for tension reinforcement

Service
stress
100
150
(fy = 250) 167
200
250
300
(fy = 500) 333

M/bd
0.50
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
1.90
1.60
1.41

0.75
2.00
2.00
2.00
1.95
1.70
1.44
1.28

1.00
2.00
1.98
1.91
1.76
1.55
1.33
1.18

1.50
1.86
1.69
1.63
1.51
1.34
1.16
1.05

Table 6

2.00
1.63
1.49
1.44
1.35
1.20
1.06
0.96

3.00
1.36
1.25
1.21
1.14
1.04
0.93
0.86

4.00
1.19
1.11
1.08
1.02
0.94
0.85
0.79

5.00
1.08
1.01
0.99
0.94
0.87
0.80
0.75

6.00
1.01
0.94
0.92
0.88
0.82
0.76
0.72

NOTE 1 The values in the table derive from the equation:

Modification factor = 0.55 +

(477fs)
2.0
120 0.9 + M
bd 2

Modification factor for compression reinforcement

100 A s prov
bd
0.00
0.15
0.25
0.35
0.50
0.75
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0

Factor
1.00
1.05
1.08
1.10
1.14
1.20
1.25
1.33
1.40
1.45
1.50

where
M is the design ultimate moment at the centre of the span or, for a cantilever, at the support.

NOTE 1 The area of compression reinforcement A used in this table may include all bars
in the compression zone, even those not effectively tied with links.

NOTE 2 The design service stress in the tension reinforcement in a member may be estimated from the equation:

Based on Table 3.11 of BS 8110

fs = 2fyAs req 1
3As prov b
NOTE 3 For a continuous beam, if the percentage of redistribution is not known but the design ultimate moment at
mid-span is obviously the same as or greater than the elastic ultimate moment, the stress fs in this table may be taken
as 2/3fy.

Based on Table 3.10 of BS 8110

4/5

EC2 Design Shear

Table 2
K
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.10

Procedure for determining vertical shear

reinforcement

z/d for singly reinforced

rectangular sections
z/d
0.950a
0.950a
0.950a
0.950a
0.950a
0.944
0.934
0.924
0.913
0.902

K
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.20

Table 3

Determine vEd where:

vEd = design shear stress [vEd = vEd (bw z) = vEd /(0.9 b w d )]

z/d
0.891
0.880
0.868
0.856
0.843
0.830
0.816
0.802
0.787
0.771

KEY
a Limiting z to 0.95d is not a requirement of Eurocode 2,
but is considered to be good practice.

Determine the concrete stut capacity vRd, max cot = 2.5?

from Table 3

Is
vEd < vRd, max cot = 2.5?
Yes

(cot = 2.5)

No

Is
vEd < vRd, max cot = 1.0?
(see Table 3)

No

Redesign
section

Yes

Determine from:
vEd
= 0.5 sin -1
0.20 fck (1 - fck /250

fck
20
25
28
30
32
35
40
45
50

Minimum and maximum

concrete strut capacity in
terms of stress

vRd, max cot = 2.5

2.54
3.10
3.43
3.64
3.84
4.15
4.63
5.08
5.51

vRd, max cot = 1.0

3.68
4.50
4.97
5.28
5.58
6.02
6.72
7.38
8.00

Calculate area of shear reinforcement

Asw
v b
= Ed w
s
fywd cot
Check maximum spacing for vertical shear reinforcement:
sl, max = 0.75d

Based on guidance in How to Design Concrete

Structures Using Eurocode 2.

4/5

EC2 Design Flexure

Table 1
Calculate lever arm z from
z = d 1 + 1 - 3.53 K
2

Procedure for determining

flexural reinforcement
Carry out analysis of beam to determine
design moments (M)
(see Table 1)

Compression reinforcement
required

Calculate compression
reinforcement required from
(K-K)fck bd 2
As =
fsc (d-d2 )
where
700 [ xu - d2 ]
fsc =
fyd & xu =( -0.4)d
xu

Outer support
Near middle
of end span
At first interior
support
At middle of
interior spans
At interior
supports

No

Outside scope
of this guide

Concrete class C50/60?

No
Yes

is K K ?
Yes

M
Determine K from K = 2
bd fck

Determine K from Table 2 or

K = 0.60 - 0.18 2 - 0.21
where 1.0

6/7

Calculate tension
reinforcement required from
Kfck bd 2 As fsc
As =
+
fyd z
fyd

Obtain lever arm z from

z = d 1+ 1 - 3.53K 0.95d
2
Calculate tension reinforcement
required from
M
As =
fyd z

Check minimum reinforcement

requirements
As , min = 0.26 fctm btd where fck 25
fyk

Moment
Shear
25% of span moment 0.45 (G + Q)
0.090 Gl + 0.100 Ql
0.094 (G + Q) l

0.63 (G + Q)a

0.066 Gl + 0.086 Ql
0.075 (G + Q) l

0.50 (G + Q)

KEY
a 0.55 (G + Q ) may be used adjacent to the interior span.

No compression reinforcement required

Check maximum reinforcement
requirements As,max = 0.04 Ac
for tension or compression
reinforcement outside lap locations

Bending moment and shear

coefficients for beams

Design
complete

NOTES
1 Redistribution of support moments by 15% has been
included.
2 Applicable to 3 or more spans only and where Qk Gk.
3 Minimum span 0.85 longest span.
4 l is the span, G is the total of the ULS permanent actions,
Q is the total of the ULS variable actions.

Based on guidance in How to Design Concrete Structures Using Eurocode 2.

EC2 Design Flexure

Column design chart 1

Column design chart 2

1.3

1.4

Ratio d2 /h =0.10

1.2
1.1

As f

1.0

0.9
0.8

yk

1.9
0.5

0.7

0.3
0.2
0.1

0.6
0.5

0.7
0.6

1.2

d2

/bh
fck =
1.0

fy
k/

1.0

0.8

0.4

N/h 2fck

0.8

N/bhfck

Ratio d/h =0.8

0.6

0.4

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.

0.

0.

0.

fck =
1.0

0.

Ac

= 4As / h 2
As = total steel area

0.

0.

0.

0.

0.2

0.1
0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

M/bh 2fck

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.20 0.22 0.24

M/h 3fck

Further column charts can be found at www.eurocode2.info

6/7

0.26 0.28

EC2 Design Deflection

Procedure for assessing
deflection
Determine basic l/d and k from Figure 1

Figure 1
Check
complete

36

Determine Factor 2 (F2)

Where the slab span exceeds 7m
and it supports brittle partitions,
F2 = 7/leff 1.0
Otherwise F2 = 1.0

= 50
= 45
ck = 40
ck = 35
ck = 32
ck = 30
ck = 28
ck = 25
ck = 20

ck

34

ck

32

Span to depth ratio (l /d )

Yes

Determine Factor 1 (F1)

For Flanged sections
F1 = 1 - 0.1 ((bf /bw ) - 1) 0.8
(b f is flange breadth and bw is rib breadth)
Otherwise F1 = 1.0

Basic span-to-effective-depth ratios

Is basic l/d x K x F1 x F2 x F3
Actual l/d?
No

Determine Factor 3 (F3)

F3 = 310/ s
Where s = Stress in reinforcement
at serviceability limit state s may
assumed to be 310 MPa (i.e. F3 = 1.0)
where As, prov = As, reqd
Note: As, prov 1.5 As, reqd
(UK National Annex)

30
28
26

2 Compression reinforcement, , has

been taken as 0.
3 Curves based on the following expressions:

25

l = K 11+ 1.5
d

22
20

1.5
fck o
+ 3.2 fck o -1

where o

18

Increase
As, prov

NOTES
1 This graph assumes simply supported
span condition
(K = 1.0)
K = 1.5 for interior span condition
K = 1.3 for end span condition
K = 1.2 for flat slabs
K = 0.4 for cantilevers

l = K 11+ 1.5 fck o + fck

( - )
d
12

16
14
12
0.40%

0.60%

0.80%

1.00% 1.20%

1.40%

1.60% 1.80% 2.00%

where > o

Percentage of tension reinforcement (A s reqd /bd )

The Eurocode is ambiguous regarding linear interpolation. It is understood that
it was the intention of the drafting committee that linear interpolation be used and
this is in line with current UK practice.

8/9

Based on guidance in How to Design Concrete Structures Using Eurocode 2.

Rebar Tables BS 8666:2005 User Guide

Notation of steel reinforcement
Type of steel reinforcement
Notation
For diameters 12mm, Grade B500A, Grade B500B or Grade B500C conforming to BS 4449:2005
H
For diameters > 12mm, Grade B500B or Grade B500C conforming to BS 4449:2005
Grade B500A conforming to BS 4449:2005
A
Grade B500B or Grade B500C conforming to BS 4449:2005
B
Grade B500C conforming to BS 4449:2005
C
A specified grade and type of ribbed stainless steel conforming to BS 6744:2001
S
Reinforcement of a type not included in the above list having material properties that
X
are defined in the design or contract specification
NOTE: In the Grade description B500A, etc., B indicates reinforcing steel.

Sectional areas per metre width for various bar spacings (mm2/m)
Bar Size (mm)
6*
8
10
12
16
20
25
32
40
50

1
28.3
50.3
78.5
113
201
314
491
804
1260
1960

2
56.6
101
157
226
402
628
982
1610
2510
3930

3
84.9
151
236
339
603
943
1470
2410
3770
5890

4
113
201
314
452
804
1260
1960
3220
5030
7850

Number of Bars
5
6
142
170
252
302
393
471
566
679
1010
1210
1570
1890
2450
2950
4020
4830
6280
7540
9820
11800

7
198
352
550
792
1410
2200
3440
5630
8800
13700

8
226
402
628
905
1610
2510
3930
6430
10100
15700

9
255
453
707
1020
1810
2830
4420
7240
11300
17700

10
283
503
785
1130
2010
3140
4910
8040
12600
19600

225
126
224
349
503
894
1400
2180
3570
5580
8730

250
113
201
314
452
804
1260
1960
3220
5030
7850

275
103
183
285
411
731
1140
1790
2920
4570
7140

300
94.3
168
262
377
670
1050
1640
2680
4190
6540

Sectional areas of groups of bars (mm2)

Bar Size (mm)
6*
8
10
12
16
20
25
32
40
50

75
377
671
1050
1510
2680
4190
6550
10700
16800
26200

100
283
503
785
1130
2010
3140
4910
8040
12600
19600

125
226
402
628
905
1610
2510
3930
6430
10100
15700

150
189
335
523
754
1340
2090
3270
5360
8380
13100

Number of Bars
175
200
162
142
287
252
449
393
646
566
1150 1010
1800 1570
2810 2450
4600 4020
7180 6280
11200 9820

NOTE: The above Tables have been calculated to three significant figures according to the B.S.I. recommendations.
* Denotes non-preferred sizes.

8/9

Rebar Tables BS 8666:2005 User Guide

BS 8110 Ultimate anchorage bond lengths and lap lengths
8

10

Lap lengths or tension anchorage

1.4 _ tension lap
2.0 _ tension lap
Compression anchorage length

360
500
710
280

440
620
880
350

Lap lengths or tension anchorage

1.4 _ tension lap
2.0 _ tension lap
Compression anchorage length

320
450
640
260

400
560
800
320

Lap lengths or tension anchorage

1.4 _ tension lap
2.0 _ tension lap
Compression anchorage length

310
420
600
240

380
520
750
300

Lap lengths or tension anchorage

1.4 _ tension lap
2.0 _ tension lap
Compression anchorage length

280
400
560
230

350
490
700
280

Bar size
12
16
20
25
Concrete strength class C20/25
530
710
880
1100
750
1000
1240
1550
1060
1410
1760
2200
420
560
700
880
Concrete strength class C25/30
480
640
800
1000
680
900
1120
1400
960
1280
1600
2000
390
520
640
800
Concrete strength class C28/35
460
610
760
950
630
840
1040
1300
900
1200
1500
1880
360
480
600
750
Concrete strength class C32/40
420
560
700
880
590
790
980
1230
840
1120
1400
1750
340
450
560
700

EC2 Ultimate anchorage bond lengths and lap lengths

Bond
condition
Anchorage length, l bd Straight bars only
Other bars

32

40

1410
1990
2820
1120

1760
2480
3520
1400

Lap length, lo

1280
1800
2560
1030

1600
2240
3200
1280

Anchorage length, lbd Straight bars only

1220
1670
2400
960

1520
2080
3000
1200

1120
1570
2240
900

1400
1960
2800
1120

Other bars
Lap length, lo

Half the bars lapped

in one location
Third of the bars lapped
in one location

Good
Poor
Good
Poor
Good
Poor
Good
Poor

NOTES

Cover to all sides and distance between bars 25 mm (i.e. 2 < 1)

1.
2.
3.

1 = 3 = 4 = 5 = 1.0

4.
5.
6.

The anchorage and lap lengths have been rounded up to the nearest 10 mm
Where all the bars are lapped in one location, increase the lap lengths for Half the bars lapped in one location by a factor of 1.07
The figures in this table have been prepared for concrete class C25/30; the following factors may be used for other concrete classes

Design stress has been taken as 435 MPa. Where the design stress in the bar at the position from the where the anchorage is measured,

sd, is less than 435 the figures in this table can be factored by sd /435

Concrete class C20/25

Factor
1.16

10/11

Half the bars lapped

in one location
Third of the bars lapped
in one location

Good
Poor
Good
Poor
Good
Poor
Good
Poor

Reinforcement in tension,
Reinforcement
bar diameter, (mm)
in compression
8
10
12
16
230
320
410
600
40
330
450
580
850
58
320
410
490
650
40
460
580
700
930
58
320
440
570
830
57
460
630
820
1190
81
270
360
470
690
66
380
520
670
980
46
20
25
32
40
780
1010
1300
1760
40
1120
1450
1850
2510
58
810
1010
1300
1760
40
1160
1450
1850
2510
58
1090
1420
1810
2460
57
1560
2020
2590
3520
81
900
1170
1490
2020
66
1280
1660
2130
2890
46

C28/35
0.93

C30/37
0.89

C32/40
0.85

C35/45
0.80

C40/50
0.73

C45/50
0.68

C50/60
0.63

Rebar Tables BS 8666:2005 User Guide

Fabric to BS 4483 Preferred meshes in stock size sheets 4.8m long 2.4m wide

Minimum overall depth of various U-bars

British Standard
Reference

Hook

Longitudinal wires
size
pitch
area
mm
mm
mm2/m

size
mm

Cross wires
pitch
area
mm
mm2/m

Mass
2

kg/m

kg/sheet

A 393
A 252
A 193
A 142

10
8
7
6

200
200
200
200

Square Mesh Fabric

393
10
200
252
8
200
193
7
200
142
6
200

393
252
193
142

6.16
3.95
3.02
2.22

70.96
45.50
34.79
25.57

B1131
B 785
B 503
B 385
B 283

12
10
8
7
6

100
100
100
100
100

1131
785
503
385
283

Structural Fabric
8
8
8
7
7

200
200
200
200
200

252
252
252
193
193

10.9
8.14
5.93
4.53
3.73

125.57
93.77
68.31
52.19
42.97

C 785
C 636
C 503
C 385
C 283

10
9
8
7
6

100
100
100
100
100

785
636
503
385
283

Long Mesh Fabric

6
400
6
400
6
400
6
400
6
400

70.8
70.8
70.8
70.8
70.8

6.72
5.55
4.51
3.58
2.78

77.41
63.94
50.00
39.28
30.07

Trombone
5

Mandrel dia.
B

Mandrel dia.

fy = 500MPA
Minimum mandrel diameter:
for 16mm Mandrel dia. = 4
for >16mm Mandrel dia. = 7
Bar Size
Hook A
Trombone B

6
40
60

8
50
80

10/11

10
60
100

12
75
120

16
100
160

20
180
260

25
225
325

32
290
420

40
360
520

Rebar Tables BS 8666:2005 User Guide

Mass in kg per sq metre for various spacings
Bar Size (mm)
6*
8
10
12
16
20
25
32
40
50

1
2
0.222 0.444
0.395 0.790
0.616 1.232
0.888 1.776
1.579 3.158
2.466 4.932
3.854 7.708
6.313 12.626
9.864 19.728
15.413 30.826

3
0.666
1.185
1.848
2.664
4.737
7.398
11.562
18.939
29.592
46.239

4
0.888
1.580
2.464
3.552
6.316
9.864
15.416
25.252
39.456
61.652

Spacing of Bars (millimetres)

5
6
7
8
1.110
1.332 1.554 1.776
1.975
2.370 2.765 3.160
3.080
3.696 4.312 4.928
4.440
5.328 6.216 7.104
7.895
9.474 11.053 12.632
12.330 14.796 17.262 19.728
19.270 23.124 26.970 30.832
31.565 37.878 44.191 50.504
49.320 59.184 69.048 78.912
77.065 92.478 107.891 123.304

Mass of groups of bars (kg per metre run)

Bar Size (mm)
9
10
1.998
2.220
3.555
3.950
5.544
6.160
7.992
8.880
14.211 15.790
22.194 24.660
34.686 38.540
56.817 63.130
88.776 98.640
138.717 154.130

NOTE: The weights in the Table for groups of bars are the B.S.I. exact values. *Denotes non-preferred sizes.

12/13

6*
8
10
12
16
20
25
32
40
50

75
100
2.960 2.220
5.267 3.950
8.213 6.160
11.840 8.880
21.053 15.790
32.880 24.660
51.387 38. 540
84.173 63.130
131.520 98.640
205.507 154.130

125
1.776
3.160
4.928
7.104
12.632
19.728
30.832
50.504
78.912
123.304

150
1.480
2.633
4.107
5.920
10.527
16.440
25.693
42.087
65.760
102.753

Number of Bars
175
200
1.269 1.110
2.257 1.975
3.520 3.080
5.074 4.440
9.023 7.895
14.091 12.330
22.023 19.270
36.074 31.565
56.366 49.320
88.074 77.065

225
0.987
1.756
2.738
3.947
7.018
10.960
17.129
28.058
43.840
68.502

250
0.888
1.580
2.464
3.552
6.316
9.864
15.416
25.252
39.456
61.652

275
0.807
1.436
2.240
3.229
5.742
8.967
14.015
22.956
35.869
56.047

300
0.740
1.317
2.053
2.960
5.263
8.220
12.647
21.043
32.880
51.377

BS 8666:2005 Standard Shapes 33 - 99

33

34

Total length (L) = 2A + 1.7B + 2(C) - 4d

46

35

Total length (L) = A + B + C + (E) - 0.5r - d

47

Total length (L) = A + 2B + C + (E)

75

67

Total length (L) = A

Total length (L) = A + B + C + (E) - 0.5r - d

51

Total length (L) = 2A + B + 2C + 1.5r - 3d

Total length (L) = A + B + C + (D) - r - 2d

56

Total length (L) = 2(A + B + (C)) - 2.5r - 5d

77

Total length (L) = (A - d) + (B)

41

36

63

Total length (L) = A + B + C + (D) + 2(E)

- 2.5r - 5d

98

Total length (L) = C.. (A - d)

Total length (L) = A + B + C + D + (E) - 2r - 4d

Total length (L) = 2A + 3B + 2(C) - 3r - 6d

44

Total length (L) = A + B + C + D + (E) - 2r - 4d

64

Total length (L) = A + B + C + 2D + E + (F)

- 3r - 6d

99

Total length (L) = A + 2B + C + (D) -2r - 4d

12/13

All other shapes where standard shapes cannot be used. No other shape
code number, form of designation or abbreviation shall be used in scheduling.
A dimensioned sketch shall be drawn over the dimension columns A to E.
Every dimension shall be specified and the dimension that is to allow for
permissible deviations shall be indicated in parenthesis, otherwise the fabricator
is free to choose which dimension shall allow for tolerance.

BS 8666:2005 Standard Shapes 00 - 32

00

01

Total length (L) = A

15

11

Total length (L) = A, stock lengths

21

Total length (L) = A + (C)

26

Total length (L) = A + B + (C) - r - 2d

27

Total length (L) = A + B + (C)

Total length (L) = A + B + (C) - 0.5r - d

12

13

Total length (L) = A + (B) - 0.5r - d

22

Total length (L) = A + B + C + (D) - 1.5r - 3d

28

Total length (L) = A + B + (C) - 0.5r - d

Total length (L) = A + (B) - 0.5r - d

14

24

23

25

Total length (L) = A + B + (C)

Total length (L) = A + B + (C) - r - 2d

29

31

Total length (L) = A + B + (C) - r - 2d

14/15

Total length (L) = A + (C) - 4d

Total length (L) = A + 0.57B + (C) - 1.6d

Total length (L) = A + B + C + (D) - 1.5r - 3d

Total length (L) = A + B + (E)

32

Total length (L) = A + B + C + (D) - 1.5r - 3d

Celsa Steel UK
Celsa Steel UK is committed to the environment,
and to being a responsible supplier of sustainable
products. All the steel it produces is made from
100% locally sourced, steel scrap metal. This scrap
metal is recycled using the Electric Arc Furnace
process, which performs significantly better in
terms of embodied energy and CO2 emissions
when compared to other steel making processes.
The company operates a zero effluent process and
is committed to continual improvements in its
activities so that any adverse impacts are either
minimised or eliminated. Celsa operate an
Environmental Management System complying
with ISO EN 14001:2004. Celsa Steel UK is a
supplier of Eco-Reinforcement.
To find out more about Celsa, grade B500C or
Reassure please contact: queries@celsauk.com.

14/15

Celsa Steel UK
Celsa Steel UK is a member of the Celsa Group,
one of the largest producers of reinforcing products
in Europe. Based in Cardiff, Celsa Steel UK produce
over 1.3 million tonnes of steel per annum,
supplying the UK construction industry with over
40% of its reinforcing requirements, making Celsa
the largest producer of reinforcement in the UK.
Celsa Steel UK only produces Grade B500C
reinforcement. This is high ductility reinforcing
steel: the highest quality of reinforcement available
in British Standards. Ductility is an essential
characteristic for reinforcing steel especially when
considering plastic design, security and robustness.
Celsas reinforcing steel also falls under the banner
of Reassure: a trademark for grade B500C
reinforcement that is synonymous with added value.
The Reassure package distinguishes the improved
quality and performance of high ductility reinforcing
steel above current British and European Standards.

The company is committed to innovation, be it

through internal development or academic research
and has recently invested 80 million in a state-ofthe-art Melt Shop which increased production to
1.3 million tonnes, and 10 million on a Spooler line
extension to its Rod and Bar Mill which made Celsa
UK the first mill in the UK to produce hot spooled
grade 500C high yield coil.
Due to the nature of the products Celsa UK
manufacture, each operation has to monitor a large
number of quality factors in order to conform with
British Standards and UK CARES product approval.
The company operates a Quality Management
System, certified in accordance with the
requirements of BS EN ISO 9001: 2000.

1100

16/17

BAR
Business Development Committee
To further develop and enhance the business
environment for BAR members, the committee
will provide market statistics, supply reinforcing
steel forecasting information and be in regular
communication with the construction industry.
Members and purchasers will benefit from this
interface and from the unified approach that
it brings.

Arcelor Mittal Kent Wire

Marketing Committee
The BAR Marketing Committee aim is to raise the
profile of the BAR and its members as well as the
wide range of benefits when using reinforced
concrete. This includes a range of activities
including editorial and advertising campaigns,
industry website and publications.

Bromford Iron and

Steel Co Ltd
www.bromfordsteels.co.uk

www.arcelormittalkentwire.co.uk

Clwyd Reinforcements
Limited

Kierbeck Limited
www.kierbeck.com

Radius Reinforcements Ltd

01259 215129

www.clwyd-reinforcements.co.uk

BRC
www.brc-uk.co.uk

Collins Reinforcements Ltd

www.rebar.uk.com

Express Reinforcements Ltd

www.expressreinforcements.co.uk

Grip Steel
0161 338 2607
Celsa Steel (UK) Limited
www.celsauk.com
HY-TEN Ltd
www.hy-ten.co.uk

16/17

Lemon Groundwork Supplies

www.lemon-gs.co.uk

L M Products
www.Improducts.co.uk

Rom Limited
www.rom.co.uk

ROE Group
www.theroegroup.com

RSJ Steels (Lincoln) Ltd

www.rsj-steels.co.uk

Thamesteel Ltd
www.thamessteel.co.uk

BAR
Formed in 2003, the British Association of
Reinforcement (BAR) provides an industry focus
for the UK manufacturers and fabricators of steel
reinforcement products including cut, bent bar
and mesh.
BAR aims to add value to the reinforcement industry
through market development, product innovation,
provision of technical support, promotion of good
industry and health and safety practice.
The membership of
BAR represents
approximately 95% of
the reinforcement
delivered to construction
sited across the UK. All
members of BAR are
CARES approved.

Health and Safety Committee

The BAR Health and Safety Committee provide a
forum for the discussion and examination of health
and safety issues affecting the reinforcement
industry. The Committee aims to further enhance
the health and safety record of the sector with
particular focus on the provision of relevant training
and information.
Technical Committee
The role of the BAR Technical Committee is twofold.
Firstly, it represents the reinforcement industry at
the British Standard and European level and
provides technical expertise when required.
Secondly, it disseminates technical information,
developments and changes in working practices to
the BAR membership.

18/19

Eco Reinforcement
In order to provide information to the construction
client and specifiers, all Eco-Reinforcement
companies are required to print the transport CO2
emissions from scrap yard to site on their delivery
notes. This is intended to be the first step in a
scheme that will develop into one that provides
more extensive environmental impact information.
All companies supplying Eco-Reinforcement
will be certified to ISO 14001 and will operate
an auditable H&S management system.
For more information contact:
enquiries@brecertification.co.uk
A certification scheme operated by

18/19

Eco Reinforcement
Eco-Reinforcement is a trademark for
environmentally and responsibly produced
reinforcing steel. It is a third party certification
scheme wholly owned and managed by BRE
Certification which provides a means for
construction clients and specifiers to be able to
purchase steel from a supply chain which utilises
scrap metal and is pro-actively addressing issues
of sustainability.
Steel is manufactured via one of two main
production routes: Basic Oxygen Steelmaking
(BOS) or Electric Arc Steelmaking (EAF). The BOS
route is the most widely used steelmaking process
worldwide and involves the smelting of iron ore,
coal and other raw materials in a two stage process.
The EAF production process involves passing an
electric charge through scrap metal, melting it, thus
enabling recycling into new products. All EcoReinforcement is manufactured through the EAF
process, from recycled scrap metal.

THE ECO
REINFORCEMENT
LOOP

20/21

For advice on concrete solutions, design, logistics,

cost plans, etc. contact our contractor members
through the CONSTRUCT website: www.construct.org.uk

Addington (Formworks) Ltd

www.addingtonformworks.co.uk

Adenstar (Reinforced Concrete) Ltd

www.adenstar-group.co.uk

Buildstone Ltd
020 8569 9263

Coinford Construction Ltd

www.coinford.co.uk

Michael J Gallagher Ltd

www.michaeljgallagher.co.uk

John Cooper Construction Ltd

Ground Construction Ltd

www.groundconstruction.com

www.johncooperconstruction.co.uk

John Doyle Construction

www.john-doyle.co.uk

Duffy Construction Ltd

www.duffy.co.uk
Byrne Bros
www.byrne-bros.co.uk

Anderson Structures Ltd

www.andersonstructures.co.uk

JJ Cafferkey & Co Ltd

020 8804 1965

Biggins & Gallagher Ltd

www.bigginsandgallagher.co.uk

Carey Group Plc

www.carreysplc.co.uk

20/21

Dunne Building & Civil

Engineering Ltd
www.dunne-group.com

Expanded Structures Ltd

www.laingorourke.co.uk

Getjar Ltd
www.getjar.co.uk

Mitchellson Formwork & Civil

Engineering Ltd
www.mitchellson.co.uk

AJ Morrisroe & Sons Ltd

www.morrisroe.co.uk

MPB Structures Ltd

www.mpb.co.uk

P. C. Harrington Contractors Ltd

www.pcharrington.com

Northfield Construction Ltd

www.northfield.uk.com

Leander Construction Ltd

www.leandergroup.co.uk

ODonnell Developments Ltd

www.odonnelldevelopments.com

McDermott Bros Reinforced

Concrete Structures
www.mcdermott-bros.co.uk

CJ OShea.co.uk
www.cjoshea.co.uk

J Reddington Ltd
www.jreddington.ltd.uk

Stephenson Group Ltd

www.stephenson-ssc.co.uk

Tamdown Group Ltd

www.tamdown.com

Togher Construction Ltd

www.tclonline.co.uk

Whelan & Grant Ltd

www.whelanandgrant.com

U.K.R. Ltd
www.ukrltd.co.uk

CONSTRUCT is an association of member

companies dedicated to the task of improving the
safety and efficiency of building in-situ concrete
frames and associated structures.
Health & Safety
Developing CDM requirements along with Best
Practice publications on Prequalification, Method
Statements, Erection of Falsework, Lifting Plans,
Handling & Transport of Equipment.
NSCS
Standardisation of Concrete Specifications
within the Industry.
Research & Development
Bringing together Member Contractors, Structural
Engineers, BRMCA and BAR. Highlighting the

individual benefits of concrete structural integrity

with flexibility, fire resistance, thermal mass and
acoustics.
Environmental
Highlighting the benefits of concrete as a
sustainable product, recyclable elements,
reduced M & E costs for lifetime of building.
Training
Promoting Apprenticeship Schemes and encourages
training and education initiatives.
SpeCC
Working towards all Contractors being qualified
under the Accreditation Scheme for specialist
RC Frame Contractors.

22/23

22/23

S
7
14
21
28

Apr

S M T W
1
5 6 7 8
12 13 14 15
19 20 21 22
26 27 28 29

S M T W
1
5 6 7 8
12 13 14 15
19 20 21 22
26 27 28 29

T
2
9
16
23
30

F
3
10
17
24
31

S
4
11
18
25

Aug

S
5
12
19
26

T
3
10
17
24

F
6
13
20
27

S M T W T F S
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30 31

Dec

F
4
11
18
25

W
2
9
16
23
30

Mar

S M T
1
6 7 8
13 14 15
20 21 22
27 28 29

T
5
12
19
26

Jul

S
2
9
16
23
30

W
4
11
18
25

S M T
1
6 7 8
13 14 15
20 21 22
27 28 29

S
1
8
15
22

M
2
9
16
23

T
3
10
17
24

W
4
11
18
25

T
5
12
19
26

F
6
13
20
27

S
7
14
21
28

S M
1
7 8
14 15
21 22
28 29

T
2
9
16
23
30

W
3
10
17
24

T
4
11
18
25

F
5
12
19
26

S
6
13
20
27

S M T W T
1
4 5 6 7 8
11 12 13 14 15
18 19 20 21 22
25 26 27 28 29

F
2
9
16
23
30

S
3
10
17
24
31

Nov

May

S M T W T F
1
3 4 5 6 7 8
10 11 12 13 14 15
17 18 19 20 21 22
24 25 26 27 28 29
31

S
1
8
15
22
29

Feb

S
3
10
17
24
31

Jun

F
2
9
16
23
30

Oct

Jan

S M T W T
1
4 5 6 7 8
11 12 13 14 15
18 19 20 21 22
25 26 27 28 29

Sep

2009 Calendar

S
1
8
15
22
29

M
2
9
16
23
30

M
2
9
16
23
30

T
3
10
17
24
31

T
3
10
17
24

W
4
11
18
25

T
5
12
19
26

F
6
13
20
27

S
7
14
21
28

W
2
9
16
23
30

T
2
9
16
23
30

T
3
10
17
24
31

F
3
10
17
24

F
4
11
18
25

S
4
11
18
25

S
5
12
19
26

F
5
12
19
26

S
6
13
20
27

W
3
10
17
24

T
5
12
19
26

F
6
13
20
27

S
7
14
21
28

S M T
1
6 7 8
13 14 15
20 21 22
27 28 29

S M T W
1
5 6 7 8
12 13 14 15
19 20 21 22
26 27 28 29

T
2
9
16
23
30

F
3
10
17
24
31

S
4
11
18
25

T
3
10
17
24

W
2
9
16
23
30

T
3
10
17
24
31

F
4
11
18
25

S
5
12
19
26

S M T W T F S
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30

Apr

T
4
11
18
25

T
2
9
16
23
30

W
4
11
18
25

M
2
9
16
23
30

S M T
1
6 7 8
13 14 15
20 21 22
27 28 29

F
4
11
18
25

S
5
12
19
26

Aug

S M
1
7 8
14 15
21 22
28 29

S
1
8
15
22
29

S
2
9
16
23

S M T W T F
1
3 4 5 6 7 8
10 11 12 13 14 15
17 18 19 20 21 22
24 25 26 27 28 29
31

S
2
9
16
23
30

Dec

S
3
10
17
24
31

Mar

F
2
9
16
23
30

S M T W T F S
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30 31

Jul

May

S M T W T
1
4 5 6 7 8
11 12 13 14 15
18 19 20 21 22
25 26 27 28 29

S M T W T F
1
3 4 5 6 7 8
10 11 12 13 14 15
17 18 19 20 21 22
24 25 26 27 28 29

Nov

S
5
12
19
26

Feb

F
4
11
18
25

Jun

T
3
10
17
24
31

W
2
9
16
23
30

Oct

Jan

S M T
1
6 7 8
13 14 15
20 21 22
27 28 29

Sep

2008 Calendar

S M
1
7 8
14 15
21 22
28 29

F
5
12
19
26

S
6
13
20
27

T
2
9
16
23
30

W
2
9
16
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30

W
3
10
17
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31

T
3
10
17
24

T
4
11
18
25

24/25

S M T W T
1
4 5 6 7 8
11 12 13 14 15
18 19 20 21 22
25 26 27 28 29

F
2
9
16
23
30

S
3
10
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24

Oct

S M T W T F S
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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30 31

24/25

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31

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2
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3
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T
3
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17
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Apr

Jun

S M T W
1
5 6 7 8
12 13 14 15
19 20 21 22
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S M T
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6 7 8
13 14 15
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S M T W T F
1
3 4 5 6 7 8
10 11 12 13 14 15
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24 25 26 27 28 29

S
2
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Aug

S
7
14
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28

W
4
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1
7 8
14 15
21 22
28 29

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5
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6
13
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Dec

F
6
13
20
27

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3
10
17
24
31

F
4
11
18
25

Mar

T
5
12
19
26

M
2
9
16
23
30

T
3
10
17
24

Jul

Feb

May

S
1
8
15
22
29

W
2
9
16
23

Nov

Jan

S M T
1
6 7 8
13 14 15
20 21 22
27 28

S M T W T
1
4 5 6 7 8
11 12 13 14 15
18 19 20 21 22
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3
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Photography by LUSAS

S M T W T F S
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30 31

Sep

2011 Calendar

BS 8110
Design

T
4
11
18
25

F
5
12
19
26

S
6
13
20
27
S
3
10
17
24
31

BS 8666:2005
Standard Shapes

Celsa Steel UK

Apr

W
3
10
17
24

F
2
9
16
23
30

F
2
9
16
23
30

S
3
10
17
24

Aug

T
2
9
16
23
30

S M T W T
1
4 5 6 7 8
11 12 13 14 15
18 19 20 21 22
25 26 27 28 29

S M T W T
1
4 5 6 7 8
11 12 13 14 15
18 19 20 21 22
25 26 27 28 29

S
1
8
15
22
29

W
4
11
18
25

T
5
12
19
26

F
6
13
20
27

S
7
14
21
28

Dec

Nov

S M
1
7 8
14 15
21 22
28 29

Mar

S
2
9
16
23
30

S
6
13
20
27

Jul

Feb

Jun

Oct

Jan

May

Sep

S M T W T F
1
3 4 5 6 7 8
10 11 12 13 14 15
17 18 19 20 21 22
24 25 26 27 28 29
31

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S
5
12
19
26

16:34

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4
11
18
25

23/10/07

T
3
10
17
24

F
5
12
19
26

15680 Celsa Steel Toolkit base 11.10.07.qxp:Document 2

W
2
9
16
23
30

T
4
11
18
25

W
3
10
17
24
31

This document contains information on the design

and detailing of reinforced concrete structures.
It is intended to be used by engineers and
technicians of all levels for scheme design and
standard detailing guidance, but should always
be viewed in accordance with current British
and European Standards.

All advice or information from the producers of this document is intended for those who will evaluate the significance and
limitations of its contents and take responsibility for its use and application. No liability (including negligence) for any loss
resulting from such advice or information is accepted by the producers of this document or its subcontractors, suppliers
or advisors. Readers should note that publications from the producers of this document are subject to revision from time
to time and they should therefore ensure that they are in possession of the latest version.

Riverside House, 4 Meadows

Business Park, Station Approach,
Camberley, Surrey GU17 9AB
Tel: 01276 38444 Fax: 01276 38899
enquiries@construct.org.uk

EC2 Design

S M T
1
6 7 8
13 14 15
20 21 22
27 28 29

S M
1
7 8
14 15
21 22
28 29

T
2
9
16
23
30

For additional free RC Desktop Toolkit copies, please contact Celsa Steel UK:

British Association of Reinforcement

Riverside House, 4 Meadows
Business Park, Station Approach,
Camberley, Surrey GU17 9AB
www.uk-bar.org

Rebar Tables BS 8666:2005

User Guide

S
6
13
20
27

S M T W
1
5 6 7 8
12 13 14 15
19 20 21 22
26 27 28 29

T
2
9
16
23
30

F
3
10
17
24
31

S
4
11
18
25

M
2
9
16
23
30

T
3
10
17
24
31

Celsa Steel (UK) Limited, Building 58,

East Moors Road, Cardiff CF24 5NN
www.celsauk.com queries@celsauk.com

BS 8666:2005
Standard Shapes

Rebar Tables BS 8666:2005

User Guide

F
5
12
19
26

Celsa Steel UK

F
3
10
17
24

T
4
11
18
25

BAR

S
4
11
18
25

T
2
9
16
23
30

W
3
10
17
24

Eco
Reinforcement

S M T W
1
5 6 7 8
12 13 14 15
19 20 21 22
26 27 28 29

T
2
9
16
23

BAR

Construct

S M T W T F S
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30 31

S M
1
7 8
14 15
21 22
28

Eco
Reinforcement

2009
Calendar

EC2 Design

S
2
9
16
23
30

Construct

2011/2008
Calendar

www.petergill.com 156801007

BS 8110 Design

S M T W T F
1
3 4 5 6 7 8
10 11 12 13 14 15
17 18 19 20 21 22
24 25 26 27 28 29
31

2008/2011
Calendar

2010 Calendar

15680 Celsa Steel Toolkit base 11.10.07.qxp:Document 2

23/10/07

16:34

Page 1

All advice or information from the producers of this document is intended for those who will evaluate the significance and
limitations of its contents and take responsibility for its use and application. No liability (including negligence) for any loss
resulting from such advice or information is accepted by the producers of this document or its subcontractors, suppliers
or advisors. Readers should note that publications from the producers of this document are subject to revision from time
to time and they should therefore ensure that they are in possession of the latest version.

For additional free RC Desktop Toolkit copies, please contact Celsa Steel UK:

EC2 Design

Rebar Tables BS 8666:2005

User Guide

BS 8110
Design

Sep
May
Jan

T
2
9
16
23
30
6
13
20
27

3
10
17
24
31

2
9
16
23
30

4
11
18
25

3
10
17
24
31

4
11
18
25

5
12
19
26

F
3
10
17
24

S
4
11
18
25

7
14
21
28

S M T W T F S
1
8
15
22
29
5
12
19
26

6
13
20
27

7
14
21
28

S M T W T F
1
8
15
22
29

S
2
9
16
23
30

2010 Calendar

4
11
18
25

3
10
17
24
31

7
14
21
28

6
13
20
27

5
12
19
26

6
13
20
27

7
14
21
28

S M T W T F
1
8
15
22
29
T
3
10
17
24

W
2
9
16
23
30

S M T
1
8
15
22
29

T
4
11
18
25

S M T W
1 2 3
7 8 9 10
14 15 16 17
21 22 23 24
28

Feb

F
4
11
18
25
F
5
12
19
26

S
2
9
16
23
30
S
5
12
19
26
S
6
13
20
27

Mar

7
14
21
28

S M
1
8
15
22
29

4
11
18
25

5
12
19
26

T
2
9
16
23
30
6
13
20
27

W
3
10
17
24

T
4
11
18
25

7
14
21
28

S M T W T
1
8
15
22
29

7
14
21
28

S M
1
8
15
22
29

T
2
9
16
23
30

W
3
10
17
24
31

T
4
11
18
25

F
5
12
19
26
F
2
9
16
23
30
F
5
12
19
26

S
6
13
20
27
S
3
10
17
24
31
S
6
13
20
27

Apr

Jun

Jul

Aug

S M T W
1
8
15
22
29

Oct

Nov

Dec

7
14
21
28

BS 8666:2005
Standard Shapes

6
13
20
27

Celsa Steel UK

5
12
19
26

BAR

BS 8666:2005
Standard Shapes

6
13
20
27

5
12
19
26

M
2
9
16
23
30

S
1
8
15
22
29

5
12
19
26

4
11
18
25

7
14
21
28

S M T W
1
8
15
22
29
T
3
10
17
24
31
6
13
20
27

W
4
11
18
25
7
14
21
28

Celsa Steel UK

T
2
9
16
23
30
T
5
12
19
26

S M T W T
1
8
15
22
29

F
3
10
17
24
31
F
6
13
20
27
F
2
9
16
23
30

S
4
11
18
25
S
7
14
21
28
S
3
10
17
24

Eco
Reinforcement

Rebar Tables BS 8666:2005

User Guide

BAR

Construct

EC2 Design

Eco
Reinforcement

2009
Calendar

BS 8110 Design

Celsa Steel (UK) Limited, Building 58,

East Moors Road, Cardiff CF24 5NN
www.celsauk.com queries@celsauk.com

Construct

2011/2008
Calendar

Riverside House, 4 Meadows

Business Park, Station Approach,
Camberley, Surrey GU17 9AB
Tel: 01276 38444 Fax: 01276 38899
enquiries@construct.org.uk

British Association of Reinforcement

Riverside House, 4 Meadows
Business Park, Station Approach,
Camberley, Surrey GU17 9AB
www.uk-bar.org

www.petergill.com 156801007

This document contains information on the design

and detailing of reinforced concrete structures.
It is intended to be used by engineers and
technicians of all levels for scheme design and
standard detailing guidance, but should always
be viewed in accordance with current British
and European Standards.

2008/2011
Calendar