SWACHH BHARAT

1. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is a national cleanliness campaign established by the

Government of India. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is started to make India a completely
clean India. Clean India was a dream seen by the Mahatma Gandhi regarding which
he said that, Sanitation is more important than Independence. India became lack of
cleanliness and sanitation even after 67 years of independence.
2. This mission was launched on 2nd of October 2014 (145th birth anniversary of Gandhi)
by targeting its completeness in 2019 on 150th birth anniversary of Gandhi.
3. It is really very essential to eliminate the open defecation in India as well as making
available toilets facility to everyone. It is to implement the proper waste management
through the scientific processes, hygienic disposal, reuse, and recycling of the
municipal solid wastes.
4. It is to create global awareness among common public living in rural areas and link it
to the public health. It is necessary to improve the quality of life of people in rural
areas.
5. The swachh bharat mission of urban areas aims to cover almost 1.04 crore households
in order to provide them 2.6 lakhs of public toilets, 2.5 lakhs of community toilets
together with the solid wastes management in every town. Community toilets have
been planned to be built in the residential areas where availability of individual
household toilets is difficult and public toilets at designated locations including bus
stations, tourist places, railway stations, markets, etc.
6. This campaign is aimed to make rural areas free of open defecation till 2019 for
which the cost has been estimated is one lakh thirty four thousand crore rupees for
constructing approximately 11 crore 11 lakh toilets in the country. There is a big plan
of converting waste into bio-fertilizer and useful energy forms. This mission involves
the participation of gram panchayat, panchayat samiti and Zila Parishad.
7. The swachh bharat swachh vidyalaya campaign runs by the Union Ministry of Human
Resource Development having same objectives of cleanliness in the schools. A big
programme was organized under it from 25th of September 2014 to 31st of October
2014 in the Kendriya Vidyalayas and Navodaya Vidyalya Sangathans where lots of
cleanliness activities were held.
8. It has also been planned to hold half an hour cleaning campaign in the schools twice a
week involving the cleanliness activities by the teachers, students, parents and
community members.
9. Swachh Bharat cess is an improvement in the service tax by .5% on all the services in
India. It was started by the Finance Ministry to collect some fund from each and every
Indian citizen for the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan in order to make it a successful
campaign.
10. A healthy country and a healthy society need its citizens to be healthy and clean in
every walk of life.

DIGITAL INDIA
1. Digital India project was launched by the Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 1st
of July in 2015.
2. It is an Umbrella Programmecovering many departments. It is an effective
scheme to transform India for better growth and development of the people and
country.
3. It was launched in the presence of various top industrialists (Tata Group
chairman Cyrus Mistry, RIL Chairman and Managing Director Mukesh
Ambani, Wipro Chairman Azim Premji, etc.).
4. In the meeting, they shared their ideas of bringing digital revolution to mass
people of India from cities to villages. Various events have been held in the
presence of Information Technology companies to cover 600 districts in the
country.
5. It aims to give India a digital push for good governance and more jobs and to
make available all the government services at easy reach to the citizens of
India. The PM of India has tried his best towards digitizing campaign for India
in order to bridge the gap between government services and people.
6. This project is interconnected by the various governmental departments such as
IT, education, agriculture, etc. in order to achieve a promising bright return.
There is an arrangement of digital India advisory group (chaired by Ministry of
Communications and IT) in order to monitor and control this programme.
7. Digital India campaign makes possible implementation of digital locker
system which in turn reduces paper work by minimizing the usage of physical
documents as well as enabling e-sharing through registered repositories.
8. It makes possible for people to submit their documents and certificates online
anywhere which reduces physical work. Through e-Sign framework citizens
may digitally sign their documents online.
9. In the very starting of the project launch, there was a plan by the state
government to make available high speed internet connection in almost
250,000 villages and other residential areas of the country. The crucial role
played by the Bharat Broadband Network Limited (BBNL) in this project is
really appreciable.
10. This project has been planned to be completed by 2019 with the investment of
leading companies (national or international). It has been declared by the
Ambani to invest around 2.5 lac crore in the digital India project.

ROLE OF YOUTH IN NATION BUILDING

1. The term nation building or national development, is usually used to
refer to a constructive process of engaging all citizens in building social

cohesion, economic prosperity and political stability in a nation in an

inclusive and democratic way.
2. Youths play one of the most important roles in nation building. The vision
of our country lies in the hands of our youths.
3. The hunger, desire, motivation, determination and high energy of the
youth can make all the difference in either destroying or building a
nation.
4. The primary role of young people is to get a good education in order to
become better citizens of tomorrow. They need to learn skills to do the
job that their countrys economy needs. They also need to know how to
read, write, think, understand, analyse, and discuss the issues their
country faces.
5. Youth is the spring of life. It is the age of discovery and dreams. They
have the power to transform the nation into a better place. They also have
the ability to lead their fellow citizens into the right direction.
6. Youths are problem solvers. Our nations need them to resolve most of our
problems. They just need to be given a chance to prove themselves.
Youths have the power to unite individuals in the six ethnic groups.
7. To ensure the active participation of young people in national
development, they need to be supported and encouraged by the
government, the private sector, the civil society and their parents.
8. The youth can play a vital role in the implementation of elimination of
terrorism.
9. They have the ability to create an identity for themselves and move the
nation forward. However, they will not be able to do this without the
support of their Government and fellow youths
10.Also to enhance the participation of youth in national development, they
must be given the opportunity to effectively participate in decisionmaking processes, especially on issues affecting their lives.

SOCIAL MEDIA ITS IMPACT

1. Social media give a lot of possibilities for users, starting from social networks
up to geosocial services. Social media and social networking seems to play an
imperative part of peoples lives around the world.

2. Accessibility that one has to the internet through smart phones, tablets,
computers, and other mobile devices has made accessing information and
connecting with people a touch away in some cases. Social media can have
both positive and negative impact on the youth.
3. Social networks help the businesses in a variety of ways. Traditional marketing
mediums such as the radio, TV commercials and print ads are completely
obsolete now and demand for thousands of dollars.
4. The increasing popularity of social sites like Twitter, Facebook and LinkedIn,
social networks has gained attention as the most viable communication choice
for the bloggers, article writers and content creators.
5. Social networks have removed all the communication and interaction barriers,
and now one can communicate his/her perception and thoughts over a variety
of topics. Students and experts are able to share and communicate with likeminded people and can ask for the input and opinion on a particular topic.
6. Another positive impact of social networking sites is to unite people on a huge
platform for the achievement of some specific objective. This is very important
to bring the positive change in society.
7. One of the negative effect of social media or network is it leads to addiction.
Spending countless hours on the social sites can divert the focus and attention
from a particular task.
8. Kids can be greatly affected by these social networking sites if they are allowed
to use them. The reason is that sometimes people share photos on social media
that contains violence and sex, which can damage the behaviour of kids and
teenagers.
9. Another downside of the social media is that the user shares too much
information which may pose threats to them. Even with the tight security
settings your personal information may leak on the social sites.
10. Students, who attempt to multi-task, checking social media sites while
studying, show reduced academic performance. Students who spend a great
deal of time on social networking are less able to effectively communicate in
person.

READING ITS IMPORTANCE

1. Reading has at all times and in all ages been a great source of knowledge.
Today the ability to read is highly valued and very important for social
and economic advancement.

2. Reading is an important skill because it helps us in school, helps us

understand life outside of school, and last but not least, it develops ones
imagination and creativity.
3. Reading skills are essential to succeed in society. Those who are good
readers tend to exhibit progressive social skills.
4. A person who is widely read is able to mix with others. He is a better
conversationalist then those who do not read. He can stand his ground.
Reading broadens the vision. It is in a way a substitute for travel. Reading
helps us learn about other people's lives, religion, culture, and actions.
5. Educational researchers have found that there is a strong correlation
between reading and academic success. A student who is a good reader is
more likely to do well in school and pass exams than a student who is a
weak reader.
6. Educational researchers have also found a strong correlation between
reading and vocabulary knowledge. Students who have a large
vocabulary are usually good readers.
7. Those who are habitual of reading feel comforted with books. It soothes
and relieves tension and loneliness. Medically it also plays a vital role to
eradicate depression and unrest. Books are great assassins of boredom.
8. Reading books require readers to think and imagine about different
details in the book such as characters and plot; this provides us to
improve our thinking process. Since the readers must concentrate in order
to read, they will improve their concentration, thinking abilities, and
plunge them into their brains.
9. The fact of the power of written ideas communicated through reading is a
foundational reason why some governments oppose free and honest
communication. Illiterate people are easier to control and manipulate.
10. Reading is important because words - spoken and written - are the
building blocks of life. What you become in the future will depend on the
words you believe about yourself now. People, families, relationships,
and even nations are built from words.

NATURAL CALAMITIES CHENNAI FLOODS

1. All around the world natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes,
tornadoes, and hurricanes, are waiting to strike like a time bomb waiting
to explode. Once unleashed, these natural disasters could become deadly.
2. One common natural disaster is flooding, which occurs when a river
bursts its banks and the water spills out onto the floodplain. Floods are

caused by three factors 1. Cloud burst, 2. Monsoon depression and 3.

Tropical cyclones.
3. This is far more likely to happen when there is a great deal of heavy rain,
so during very wet periods, flood warnings are often put in place.
4. The floods resulted from heavy downpour during the annual northeast
monsoon in November-December 2015, has affected the South Indian in
general and Chennai (Tamil Nadu) in particular.
5. The city has received its highest ever rainfall recorded in the month of
November. Till date, nearly 200 people have died due to the floods. It has
affected over 1.8 million people and have caused damages and losses in
excess of 20000 crore (US$3 billion).
6. For many experts it is the direct consequence of our (Mankinds) own
past deeds. Climate change is happening mainly due to rising of carbon
dioxide.
7. Chennai has experienced particularly heavy rains roughly once every 10
years 1969, 1976, 1985, 1996, 1998, 2005, 2015.
8. 28 teams of NDRF with 944 personnel and 102 boats have been
deployed. NDRF rescued 11,291 flood victims and shifted them to safe
shelters. 7 teams of 434 army personnel are deployed to carry out relief
and rescue work.
9. Prime Minister Narendra Modi sanctioned the fund of Rs 1,000 for
rehabilitation purpose. Tamil Nadu has received Rs 940.42 crore from the
Central government
10.Indian Railways is took measures to provide drinking water and other
basic facilities to passengers stranded in trains and at various railway
stations.

POLLUTION
1. Pollution can be described as contamination of air, water and soil by
introduction of a contaminant into a natural environment, usually by
humans that are harmful to living organisms. The most common forms of

pollution are air pollution, water pollution, agricultural pollution and land
pollution.
2. Pollution is one of the biggest global killers, affecting over 100 million
people. Thats comparable to global diseases like malaria and HIV.
3. Pollution is mainly caused by small-scale informal operations rather than
large multi-national companies
4. Over 1 million seabirds and 100,000 sea mammals are killed by pollution
every year. People who live in places with high levels of air pollutants
have a 20% higher risk of death from lung cancer than people who live in
less-polluted areas.
5. More than 1 billion people worldwide dont have access to safe drinking
water. 000 people die every day as a result of drinking unclean water
6. Public transportation and car-pooling can help us to reduce air pollution
and save money up to a great extent.
7. Decreasing number of plants causes less use of carbon dioxide which gets
spread into the whole environment and in turn increases environmental
temperature level and thus global warming. It again calls many problems
and natural calamities like melting glaciers, flood, increasing water level
in sea and ocean, and finally destruction of humanity from this planet.
8. Pollution in China can change the weather in United States. Not only one
place gets affected but the whole world gets affected. Antarctica is the
cleanest place on Earth protected by anti-pollution laws.
9. All the man-made technological advancement is the big reason of all
types of pollution on the earth. Life supporting systems are speedily
getting converted into the life destroying system because of the
industrialization.
10.This big social issue needs a public level social awareness programme to
destroy by its root to get complete relief.

OLD AGE HOME SENIOR CITIZEN OUR

RESPONSIBILITIES
1. An old age home is usually the place, a home for those old people who
have no one to look after them or those who have been thrown out of
their homes by their children. The place is of course like home where the

inmates get all the facilities for a routine living, like food, clothing, and
shelter.
2. Caring for old people was traditionally the responsibility of families.
3. In the past, a womans job was to stay at home taking care of elderly
people. Now many of them tend to choose to work so they do not have
time to take care of the elderly. This attitude of the women has also
largely contributed to the removal of elders from families.
4. Now a days our Indian society is intensely influenced by the western
world & we have become obsessed with money so that we are gradually
losing our morality
5. The breakup of the system of the joint family and the introduction of a
nuclear family made the old age homes to come up to cater to the needs
of the elderly.
6. It is not fair to expect sons and daughters to give up their careers and
move to where you are living to always be around to cater to your needs.
At best they can support you financially and visit you occasionally. So
old age home become a necessity.
7. In the current world, Children are not an investment from whom returns
should be expected. They have their own life. To some children their old
parents are burden to them both physically and economically.
8. The generation gap is also a reason of incompatibility between the old
and young people which makes it difficult for them to cope up with each
other as no matter how much they try, the elderly people will not be
satisfied as they want their childrens time and not money during their old
age.
9. Survey results show that 30% parents decide to stay in Old age homes
due to misbehaviour of son and daughter in laws. Another 30% due to
poverty.
10.In present scenario along with other reasons OAHS are being considered
as a better alternative to reside.