East Pennsboro Area School District

CALI Project #16-1081-012

Page 1

Indoor Air Quality Survey

East Pennsboro Elementary School
Prepared For:
Mr. Jay Burkhart
East Pennsboro Area School District
890 Valley Street
Enola, Pennsylvania 17025

Location:
East Pennsboro Elementary School
Enola, Pennsylvania
Date of Final Report: 09/01/2016

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:
In August 2016, Cumberland Analytical Laboratories, Inc. (CALI) was contracted by the East Pennsboro
School District to perform an Indoor Air Quality Survey at the East Pennsboro Elementary School at various
locations throughout the building. This survey consisted of the collection of air samples for airborne fungal
contaminants on 08/31/2016, by Richard E. Roush of this office.
UNUSUAL MOLD CONDITIONS EXPLANATION: Yes
The results table listed below showed that unusual mold conditions exist in Room 001 Sample #01
and Room 014 Sample #05. Please refer to the individual sample results for more detailed information
regarding these individual samples.
Sample
No.
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10

Sample
Location
Room 001
Room 002
Room 005
Room 011
Room 014
Room 107
Room 117
Gym
Library
OUTSIDE

Sample
Type
Mold Air
Mold Air
Mold Air
Mold Air
Mold Air
Mold Air
Mold Air
Mold Air
Mold Air
Mold Air

Unusual Mold
Conditions Exist
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
N/A

METHODS AND ANALYSIS - Air Sampling:

Particle air sampling techniques were used. Air samples were collected using a calibrated high volumesampling pump and Allergenco D Cassettes. Sample analysis provided by Environmental Hazard Services,
located out of Richmond, Virginia.

CUMBERLAND ANALYTICAL LABORATORIES, INC.

125 Frytown Road
Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17015
Phone: (717) 379-3782

 East Pennsboro Area School District

CALI Project #16-1081-012

Page 2

Indoor Air Quality Survey

East Pennsboro Elementary School
STANDARDS - Bacteria/Mold (continued):
Statistically, total spore counts are always significantly correlated with counts conducted on Agar Plate
samples. On average, total mold spore to culturable mold ratios are in the range of 10:1. A concentration
dominated by one genus such as Penicillium or Aspergillus even at 10,000 Particles/m3 is unacceptable.
Total levels should not exceed 2,000 Particles/m 3, and each individual count should not exceed 650
Particles/m3. For remediation, a reduction of airborne spores based upon Pre and Post sampling, compared
to exterior sample results, and no evidence of mold growth present is the goal.
SURVEY RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS:
Total spore count air samples were collected on 08/31/2016. The collected and analyzed samples from
Room 001 and Room 014 show that unusual mold conditions exist in the sampled area with elevated
levels of airborne fungal populations, as compared to the outside environment. Please refer to the individual
sample results for more detailed information regarding these individual samples.
Sample
No.
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10

Sample
Location
Room 001
Room 002
Room 005
Room 011
Room 014
Room 107
Room 117
Gym
Library
OUTSIDE

Sample
Type
Mold Air
Mold Air
Mold Air
Mold Air
Mold Air
Mold Air
Mold Air
Mold Air
Mold Air
Mold Air

Unusual Mold
Conditions Exist
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
N/A

RECOMMENDATIONS:
It is recommended that to lower the total spore counts in this area, good housekeeping practices should
be intensified while including the use of a bio-cide cleaning solution and HEPA vacuuming. Housekeeping
is an effective measure to maintain Indoor Air Quality within a structure, as well as minimize the release of
harmful materials into the structure that will negatively affect Indoor Air Quality. Cleaning and sterilizing
activities also will decrease the risk of exposure to biological growth and contamination. Also, an air
scrubber containing a HEPA filter should be used during and after the cleanup for a minimum of 24-36
hours at which time the areas should be retested to ensure that airborne fungal populations have been
lowered to acceptable levels. It is also recommended that follow up testing be done in three months to
monitor conditions and see if further action is necessary.

CUMBERLAND ANALYTICAL LABORATORIES, INC.

125 Frytown Road
Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17015
Phone: (717) 379-3782

 East Pennsboro Area School District

CALI Project #16-1081-012

Page 3

Indoor Air Quality Survey

East Pennsboro Elementary School
Non-Viable Spore Trap
Laboratory Results Table
Table 1-A

Lab No.
Client Sample ID:
Date Collected:
Collection Location:
Sampling Media:
Analytical Sensitivity spores/m3):
Volume (L):

16-09-00004-010
10
08/31/2016
OUTSIDE
Air-O-Cell
13.3
75

16-09-00004-001
01
08/31/2016
Room 001
Air-O-Cell
13.3
75

16-09-00004-002
02
08/31/2016
Room 002
Air-O-Cell
13.3
75

16-09-00004-003
03
08/31/2016
Room 005
Air-O-Cell
13.3
75

16-09-00004-004
04
08/31/2016
Room 011
Air-O-Cell
13.3
75

Raw
Count

Results
(Spores/m3)

Raw
Count

Results
(Spores/m3)

Raw
Count

Results
(Spores/m3)

Raw
Count

Results
(Spores/m3)

Raw
Count

Results
(Spores/m3)

Cladosporium Spores

194

2600

45

600

15

200

11

150

53

Penicillium/Aspergillus Group Spores

52

690

80

1100

10

130

120

23

310

Alternaria Spores

12

160

53

13

40

Aureobasidium Spores

13

Drechslera/Bipolaris Group Spores

53

Curvularia Spores

13

80

13

Stachybotrys Spores

13

Torula Spores

27

13

27

13

Pithomyces Spores

202

2700

39

520

80

110

27

Epicoccum Spores

120

13

13

Pestalotia Spores

13

Cercospora Spores

10

130

13

Nigrospora Spores

19

250

27

53

Fusarium Spores

93

13

Smuts, Periconia, Myxomycetes

19

250

14

190

120

27

53

Trichocladium Spores

13

----

7100

----

2600

----

590

----

440

----

550

Spore ID

Total Spores (Spores/m3)

CUMBERLAND ANALYTICAL LABORATORIES, INC.

125 Frytown Road
Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17015
Phone: (717) 379-3782

 East Pennsboro Area School District

CALI Project #16-1081-012

Page 4

Indoor Air Quality Survey

East Pennsboro Elementary School
Non-Viable Spore Trap
Laboratory Results Table
Table 1-B
Lab No.
Client Sample ID:
Date Collected:
Collection Location:
Sampling Media:
Analytical Sensitivity spores/m3):
Volume (L):

16-09-00004-010
10
08/31/2016
OUTSIDE
Air-O-Cell
13.3
75

16-09-00004-005
05
08/31/2016
Room 014
Air-O-Cell
13.3
75

16-09-00004-006
06
08/31/2016
Room 107
Air-O-Cell
13.3
75

16-09-00004-007
07
08/31/2016
Room 117
Air-O-Cell
13.3
75

16-09-00004-008
08
08/31/2016
Gym
Air-O-Cell
13.3
75

Raw
Count

Results
(Spores/m3)

Raw
Count

Results
(Spores/m3)

Raw
Count

Results
(Spores/m3)

Raw
Count

Results
(Spores/m3)

Raw
Count

Results
(Spores/m3)

Cladosporium Spores

194

2600

120

15

200

16

210

18

240

Penicillium/Aspergillus Group Spores

52

690

415

5500

67

44

590

40

530

Alternaria Spores

12

160

27

Aureobasidium Spores

13

13

13

13

40

Drechslera/Bipolaris Group Spores

53

Curvularia Spores

13

53

27

53

Stachybotrys Spores

13

Torula Spores

27

13

Pithomyces Spores

202

2700

53

13

93

11

150

Epicoccum Spores

120

13

13

Pestalotia Spores

13

Cercospora Spores

10

130

Nigrospora Spores

19

250

67

Fusarium Spores

93

Spegazzinia Spores

13

Smuts, Periconia, Myxomycetes

19

250

13

40

53

67

Trichocladium Spores

13

----

7100

----

5700

----

470

----

1100

----

1100

Spore ID

Total Spores (Spores/m3)

CUMBERLAND ANALYTICAL LABORATORIES, INC.

125 Frytown Road
Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17015
Phone: (717) 379-3782

 East Pennsboro Area School District

CALI Project #16-1081-012

Page 5

Indoor Air Quality Survey

East Pennsboro Elementary School
Non-Viable Spore Trap
Laboratory Results Table
Table 1-C
Lab No.
Client Sample ID:
Date Collected:
Collection Location:
Sampling Media:
Analytical Sensitivity spores/m3):
Volume (L):

16-09-00004-010
10
08/31/2016
OUTSIDE
Air-O-Cell
13.3
75

16-09-00004-009
09
08/31/2016
Library
Air-O-Cell
13.3
75

Raw
Count

Results
(Spores/m3)

Raw
Count

Results
(Spores/m3)

Cladosporium Spores

194

2600

13

Penicillium/Aspergillus Group Spores

52

690

80

Alternaria Spores

12

160

Aureobasidium Spores

13

Drechslera/Bipolaris Group Spores

53

Curvularia Spores

13

Stachybotrys Spores

13

Torula Spores

27

Pithomyces Spores

202

2700

13

Epicoccum Spores

120

Pestalotia Spores

13

Cercospora Spores

10

130

Nigrospora Spores

19

250

Fusarium Spores

93

Smuts, Periconia, Myxomycetes

19

250

27

Trichocladium Spores

13

----

7100

----

130

Spore ID

Total Spores (Spores/m3)

CUMBERLAND ANALYTICAL LABORATORIES, INC.

125 Frytown Road
Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17015
Phone: (717) 379-3782

 East Pennsboro Area School District

CALI Project #16-1081-012

Page 6

Indoor Air Quality Survey

East Pennsboro Elementary School
The following fungal descriptions are pertinent to the indoor samples collected. General characterization of
mold is made with respect to their most common impact to human health. Many genera of molds have
species with varying characteristics.

Spore Name

Description

Cladosporium Spores

Reported to be allergenic. Most commonly identified spore in outdoor samples.

Highly seasonal. Indoor species may differ from outdoor species. Typically found
inside supply ducts.

Penicillium/Aspergillus Group Spores

Reported to be allergenic. Many species have been documented to produce

mycotoxins, which may be associated with pulmonary disease in humans and
other animals. Research studies have implicated several of these toxins as
carcinogens in laboratory animals following inhalation. A wide number of
organisms have been grouped into these two genera. Extremely difficult to
identify down to species level. Typically identified in soil, cellulose, food, paint,
compost piles, carpeting, wallpaper and in the fiberglass insulation used in interior
ductwork.

Alternaria Spores

Reported to be allergenic. Commonly found growing in carpets and on indoor

textiles. This fungi has been indicated as a potential cause of hypersensitivity
pneumonitis. Rare species known to produce tenuazonic acid and other toxic
metabolites that may cause disease in humans.

Aureobasidium Spores

Reported to be allergenic. Commonly found in high moisture areas such as

bathrooms and kitchens. Rarely associated with skin disorders.

Drechslera/Bipolaris Group Spores

Toxigenic. Also recognized as an allergen. Under certain conditions, this fungi

has been documented to produce the mycotoxin, sterigmatocystin. Studies have
indicated that this toxin may cause damage to the liver and kidneys in laboratory
animals.

Curvularia Spores

Reported to be allergenic. No additional health data for this genus is available at

this time.

Stachybotrys Spores

Toxigenic. Also recognized as an allergen. Typically, a fungus of dark green/black

coloration, it grows readily on building materials with a high cellulose content but
low in nitrogen, and is rarely observed in outdoor samples. Certain strains of
Stachbotrys may produce the mycotoxin, trichothecene under appropriate
conditions which has been documented to cause problems associated with the
circulatory, alimentary, skin and nervous systems. Absorption of trichothecene
into the tissues of the human lung may cause a condition known as
pneumomycosis. Although there have been conflicting studies concerning the
toxicity of this fungi, it still appears that extreme caution should be practiced when
dealing with this mold.

Torula Spores

Toxigenic. Also recognized as an allergen. Studies have shown that certain

species may produce a toxin in the laboratory.

Pithomyces Spores

Reported to be allergenic. Some species may, in rare instances, produce the toxin
sporidesmin.

Epicoccum Spores

Reported to be allergenic. Commonly found on plants, textiles and products made

of paper.

Pestalotia Spores

No information regarding the health effects of this genus is available at this time.
All mold should be treated as potential allergens.

CUMBERLAND ANALYTICAL LABORATORIES, INC.

125 Frytown Road
Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17015
Phone: (717) 379-3782

 East Pennsboro Area School District

CALI Project #16-1081-012

Page 7

Indoor Air Quality Survey

East Pennsboro Elementary School
Spore Name

Description

Cercospora Spores

No information regarding the health effects of this genus is available at this time.
All molds should be treated as potential allergens.

Nigrospora spores

Reported to be allergenic. No additional health data for this genus is available at

this time.

Fusarium Spores

Toxigenic. Also recognized as an allergen. Certain species of Fusarium may

produce the mycotoxin, trichothecene, under appropriate conditions, which has
been documented to cause problems associated with the circulatory, alimentary,
skin and nervous systems. Absorption of trichothecene into the tissues of the
human lung may cause a condition known as pneumomycosis. Symptoms may
appear following exposure from either inhalation or ingestion. Rarely connected
to infections of the eye, skin and nails.

Spegazzinia Spores

Reported to be allergenic. Rarely found indoors.

Smuts, Periconia, Myxomycetes

Reported to be allergenic. This class of fungal spores is most often related to

agriculture and plant disease and is rarely found indoors.

Trichocladium Spores

Reported to be allergenic. No additional health data for this genus is available

at this time.

CUMBERLAND ANALYTICAL LABORATORIES, INC.

125 Frytown Road
Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17015
Phone: (717) 379-3782