GAS CARRIER OPERATIONS

HAZARDS TO SHIP, PERSIONNEL AND ENVIRONMENT

HAZARD TO SHIP
gas carriers usually store the cargo avery low temperatures which can be a hazard to
the ship because it can make the ship hull very briitle and susceptible to damage.
flammability : these cargoes are have the tendency to vapourise instantly and these
vapours are highly inflammable and can cause an explosionin the ship which damage
the hull.
these cargoes are not readily detectable because they do not have any specific odour
and so any leakages on deck cannot be detected and cause a damage to the ship in the
form of an explosion.

Cargo out turn maximisation.

the measurement of these types of cargoes can be done by static means, guage
systems, or by dynamic methods, shore baesd meters when loading. A few years back
the process was done manually but now this method is no longer employed.
Ships tanks are usally measured using automatic guages which might either work on
float guage or laser or ultrasonic principles.
Pressure and temperature are measured using instruments that are in tank . All
these systems should be calibrated and reset to thier datums at frequently as possible
to ensure accuracy.

Cargo handling
these cargoes should be handled in closed systems and should not be seen visually or
physically handled.
all measurements of the cargo should be done using automatic guaging and under
controlled conditions.
when sampling care must beexercised that the samples are as representative as
possible.
connections on the sampling equipment must match the the smpling points onthe
ship.
special care must be taken to ensure that any loading or discharging pipelines
between the vessel and the shore are fully drained out and contain no liquid
whatsoeverbefore they are opened.

 all lines leading between ship and the shore to be completely free of any liquid.

Cargo stowage
these cargoes are stowedin large spherical tanks so that the exerted by the cargo is
uniformly distributed and hence no damage to the hull can be caused.
the cargoes must be carried with their surfaces in chinned sections .
when carry