The transport system in plants extends f

rom the roots, up through the stems to the leaves, flowers and fruit. Transport system in
plants consist of tubes(vessels) of cells adapted to perform the
function of transport hence it is known as vascular system.There are What does the word
"germinate" mean?
two types of Vessels in plants which is xylem and phloem. Xylem
To germinate means
transports water and minerals from root to leaves and phloem
to start to grow.
transport food from leaves to all part of the plants. The vessel runs
along the plant from toots to stem up to leaves.They have different
What is a nutrient?
distribution patterns in different plantsparts.
Nutrients are

Starting to Grow
Where Do Plants Come From?
Plants come from seeds. Each seed contains a tiny plant waiting for
the right conditions to germinate, or start to grow.

substances that
living things need to
grow. Nutrients
include food, air,
water, and vitamins
and minerals.
Teachersdownload
lesson plans to use in
your classroom!

What Do Seeds Need to Start to Grow?

Seeds wait to germinate until three needs are met: water, correct temperature (warmth),
and a good location (such as in soil). During its early stages of growth, the seedling relies
upon the food supplies stored with it in the seed until it is large enough for its own leaves to
begin making food through photosynthesis. The seedling's roots push down into the soil to
anchor the new plant and to absorb water and minerals from the soil. And its stem with new
leaves pushes up toward the light:

The germination stage ends when a shoot emerges from the soil. But the plant is not done
growing. It's just started. Plants need water, warmth, nutrients from the soil, and light to
continue to grow.
Evaporation:
Evaporation is when the sun heats up water in rivers or lakes or the ocean and turns it into
vapor or steam. The water vapor or steam leaves the river, lake or ocean and goes into the
air.
Transpiration is the process by which plants lose water out of their leaves. Transpiration
gives evaporation a bit of a hand in getting the water vapor back up into the air.
Condensation:
Water vapor in the air gets cold and changes back into liquid, forming clouds. This is called
condensation.
You can see the same sort of thing at home... pour a glass of cold water on a hot day and
watch what happens. Water forms on the outside of the glass. That water didn't somehow
leak through the glass! It actually came from the air. Water vapor in the warm air, turns back

into liquid when it touches the cold glass.

Precipitation:
Precipitation occurs when so much water has condensed that the air cannot hold it anymore.
The clouds get heavy and water falls back to the earth in the form of rain, hail, sleet or snow.
Collection:
When water falls back to earth as precipitation, it may fall back in the oceans, lakes or rivers
or it may end up on land. When it ends up on land, it will either soak into the earth and
become part of the ground water that plants and animals use to drink or it may run over
the soil and collect in the oceans, lakes or rivers where the cycle starts all over again.

The birth of each rainbow begins with millions of tiny rain droplets. The
rain droplets serve as a type of reflector of light. White light enters one
individual rain droplet and exits as one specific color of the spectrum.
Without millions of rain droplets, a rainbow would not occur. If you only
had a few rain droplets you would only see a few colors. This is typically
why rainbow appear after a rain storm.

Each rain droplet has a function in the formation of the rainbow. Sunlight
enters the rain droplet at a specific angle and the rain droplet separates
the white light into many different colors. This angle is a fixed
measurement between your eye and the sun. What color is refracted
depends upon the critical angle,
which is the angle the sunlight
strikes the back of the rain droplet. Red light bends the least, exiting the
rain droplet at a 42 degree angle, while Violet light bends the most, exiting
the rain droplet at a 40 degree angle. All of the other colors of the rainbow
exit the rain droplets at some angle between 40 and 42 degrees, thus
making up the colors of the rainbow ROYGBIV, this order never changes.

Each rain droplet reflects all colors at a given point and time, but only one
color comes back to your eye, requiring million of rain droplets to create a
rainbow. As the rain droplets fall through the sky, the colors of the
spectrum being reflected and refracted are constantly changing.

Rainbows form a complete circle, however only half is visible. The horizon
only

Picture from the web site of the Department of Physics and Astronomy,
Arizona State University
allows us to
see half of the rainbow circle, so we see just an arc. What causes the
rainbow to have a circular formation is the way that rain droplets fall. The
rain droplets do not fall is flat sheet, however they tend to fall at various
distances and speeds. On some occasions you can see a full circle around a
garden hose.

The perfect time and place to look for a rainbow you need bright sunlight to
your back and rain clouds off in the distance in the direction of your
shadow. If it is later than 4:30 in the afternoon or earlier than 8:30 in the
morning at these condition there is a very good chance you will be able to
see a rainbow in the sky. Other places you may see rainbows formed are
fountains, in the ocean as the waves crash against the rock which create a

mist in the air, waterfalls, sprinklers and mist from a garden hose. Always
remember to have