A smart card, chip card, or integrated circuit card (ICC) is any

pocket-sized card that has embedded integrated circuits.[1] Smart cards

are made of plastic, generally polyvinyl chloride, but
sometimes polyethylene terephthalate based polyesters, acrylonitrile butadiene
styrene or polycarbonate. Since April 2009, a Japanese company has manufactured reusable
financial smart cards made from paper.[2]
Smart cards can be either contact or contactless smart card. Smart cards can provide personal
identification, authentication, data storage, and application processing.[3] Smart cards may provide
strong security authentication for single sign-on (SSO) within large organizations.

A certified check or certified cheque is a form of cheque for which the bank verifies that sufficient
funds exist in the account to cover the cheque, and so certifies, at the time the cheque is written.
Those funds are then set aside in the bank's internal account until the cheque is cashed or returned
by the payee. Thus, a certified cheque cannot "bounce", and, in this manner, its liquidity is similar to
cash, absent failure of the bank or illegal act (such as the funds being based on a fraudulent loan, at
which point the cheque will be disavowed).

A crossed check is any check that is crossed with two

parallel lines, either across the whole check or through
the top left-hand corner of the check. This symbol means
that the check can only be deposited directly into a bank
account and cannot be immediately cashed by a bank or
any other credit institution.