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Introduction To Geography
Introduction To Geography
Form One
1. INTRODUCTION TO GEOGRAPHY
INTRODUCTION TO GEOGRAPHY
Geography is defined as:
"The study of the diverse features on the earth's surface such as its relief, climate, vegetation,
soils, economic resources, their description, development and distribution; and their interaction
with man." (R.O Buchanan, "Illustrated Dictionary of Geography")
Geography is the study of how man interacts with the environment.
The environment refers to all the external conditions which have influence
over the behaviour of an organism.
There are two divisions of the environment;
a) The physical environment the natural physical conditions of
weather, climate, vegetation, animals, soils, landforms and drainage.
b) The human environment; including human activities such as
farming, forestry, mining, tourism, settlement, transportation, trade
and industry.
Why do we study Geography?
Geography is important for a number of reasons:
a) "To gain knowledge about our environment and how to control it for
both the present and the future generations."
b) "To understand and explain how man interacts with his surroundings."
c) "It helps us to be aware of the features within our environment, how
they are formed, the benefits we get from them and the threats they
pose."
d) "Geography provides useful skills for becoming a teacher, surveyor,
planner, geologist and environmentalists, so as to earn a living."
e) Geography teaches us the basic principles and geographical methods
of studying and therefore solving problems of national development.
f) Geography also helps us to acquire positive attitudes and values
which enable us to become useful members of the society. During
fieldwork, an individual is able to develop respect for work especially
group work.
g) Studying geography of other regions in the world creates international
awareness which facilitates good relations among people.
THE MAJOR BRANCHES OF GEOGRAPHY
1) Physical geography deals with the study of the earth's landscape and
atmosphere.
It includes the study of: