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Brady Campaign Amicus Petition For Rehearing
Brady Campaign Amicus Petition For Rehearing
No. 12-16258
IN THE
Christine E. MacGregor
1835 Market Street, 29th Floor
Philadelphia, PA 19103
Counsel for Amicus Curiae
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that same order, directed the parties to supplement their own briefing on the
Petition for Rehearing to address an en banc opinion of the Circuit. 4 By this
motion, the Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence requests nothing more than
leave to supplement its brief already on file to address the same request the Court
made of the parties and urges the Court to grant this motion based on the same
grounds as it did amicuss prior motion for leave.
I.
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Circuit ruling in Peruta v. Cty. of San Diego, 742 F.3d 1144 (9th Cir. 2014) and
provides updated social science research, which underscores prior studies
demonstrating that concealed-carry restrictions further the important government
interest in public safety.
III.
ARGUMENT
A.
This Court has the discretion to grant this motion and allow the Brady
Center to file its brief. Hoptowit v. Ray, 682 F.2d 1237 (9th Cir. 1982) (abrogated
on other grounds by Sandin v. Conner, 515 U.S. 472 (1995)). The classic role of
amici curiae is three-fold: (1) assist in a case of general public interest; (2) to
supplement the efforts of counsel; and (3) to draw the courts attention to law that
escaped consideration. Miller-Wohl Co., Inc. v. Commr of Labor and Industry,
694 F.2d 203, 204 (9th Cir. 1982). The Court may also exercise its discretion to
grant amicus status in order to avail itself of the benefit of thorough and erudite
legal arguments. Gerritsen v. de la Madrid Hurtado, 819 F.2d 1511, 1514 n.3 (9th
Cir. 1987).
3
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The Brady Centers brief fulfills the role of amici curiae. The brief not only
explains the significant impact of Peruta on the outcome of this case, as
specifically requested by the panel, but also provides the panel with the most upto-date social science research demonstrating the unique risks associated with the
concealed-carry of firearms in public.
B.
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IV.
CONCLUSION
For the reasons explained above, this Court has wide discretion to allow
amicus status. The parties have been consulted and, with the exception of the
Plaintiff-Appellant who plainly rejected the Brady Centers request for consent,
have consented to the Brady Center filing a supplemental amicus curiae brief in
support of Appellees petition for rehearing en banc. The Brady Center, therefore,
respectfully requests this Court grant this motion and grant leave to file the
proposed brief.
September 6, 2016
Respectfully submitted,
/s/ Kathryn M. Ali
Kathryn M. Ali
Jonathan Diesenhaus
Anna M. Kelly
Evan W. Guimond
HOGAN LOVELLS US LLP
555 Thirteenth Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 20004
(202) 637-5600
kathryn.ali@hoganlovells.com
Christine E. MacGregor
HOGAN LOVELLS US LLP
1835 Market Street, 29th Floor
Philadelphia, PA 19103
(267) 675- 4694
christine.macgregor@hoganlovells.com
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Jonathan E. Lowy
Alla Lefkowitz
Avery Gardiner
Kelly Sampson
BRADY CENTER TO PREVENT GUN
VIOLENCE - LEGAL ACTION PROJECT
840 First Street, N.E. Suite 400
Washington, D.C. 20002
(202) 370-8104
jlowy@bradymail.org
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CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE
I, Kathryn M. Ali, hereby certify that on September 6, 2016 electronic
copies of this amicus brief were served through the Courts CM/ECF system to:
Alan Alexander Beck, Esquire, Attorney
Direct: 619-971-0424
Law Offices of Alan Beck
4780 Governor Drive
San Diego, CA 92122
Richard Loren Holcomb, Jr., Esquire, Attorney
Direct: 808-545-4040
Holcomb Law, LLLC
Suite 808
1136 Union Mall
Honolulu, HI 96813
Kevin O'Grady, Attorney
Direct: 808-521-3367
Law Office of Kevin O'Grady, LLC
1136 Union Mall
Suite 704
Honolulu, HI 96813
Counsel for Appellant
Curtis Edwin Sherwood, Esquire, Deputy Corporation Counsel
Direct: 808-523-4859
Corporation Counsel, City and County of Honolulu
Suite 110
530 S. King Street
Honolulu, HI 96813
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September 6, 2016
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APPENDIX A
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No. 12-16258
IN THE
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
CORPORATE DISCLOSURE STATEMENT .........................................................1
ARGUMENT .............................................................................................................2
I.
II.
CONCLUSION..........................................................................................................6
CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE.........................................................................8
CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE ..................................................................................9
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TABLE OF AUTHORITIES
Page(s)
CASES
Baker v. Kealoha,
No. 12-16258, 2012 WL 3342643 (C.A.9 Aug. 7, 2012).....................................4
Drake v. Filko,
724 F.3d 426 (3d Cir. 2013) .................................................................................3
Kachalsky v. Cty. of Westchester,
701 F.3d 81 (2d Cir. 2012) ...................................................................................3
Peruta v. Cty. of San Diego,
742 F.3d 1144 (9th Cir. 2014) ..............................................................................2
Peruta v. Cty. of San Diego,
824 F.3d 919 (9th Cir. 2016) ............................................................................2, 3
Peterson v. Martinez,
707 F.3d 1197 (10th Cir. 2013) ............................................................................3
United States v. Masciandaro,
638 F.3d 458 (4th Cir. 2011) ................................................................................4
Woollard v. Gallagher,
712 F.3d 865 (4th Cir. 2013) ................................................................................3
OTHER AUTHORITIES
Abhay Aneja, John J. Donohue III, & Alexandria Zhang, The Impact of
Right to Carry Laws and the NRC Report: The Latest Lessons for the
Empirical Evaluation of Law and Policy (Natl Bureau of Econ.
Research, Working Paper No. 18294, 2014) ........................................................5
Concealed Carry Killers Background, Violence Policy Ctr .....................................4
Amanda Gutterman, States With Most Gun Deaths Have High Gun
Ownership And Weak Gun Laws, Report Shows, The Huffington Post
(Jan. 29, 2015, 3:33 PM).......................................................................................6
ii
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iii
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ARGUMENT
In the nearly two and a half years since Amicus initially filed its brief in this
case, two significant developments have made the arguments for reversing the
panel decision stronger and more urgent.1 First, the en banc Court reversed the
panel decision in Peruta v. Cty. of San Diego, 742 F.3d 1144 (9th Cir. 2014),
holding that the Second Amendment does not give a member of the general public
a right to carry a concealed gun in public. Peruta v. Cty. of San Diego, 824 F.3d
919, 927 (9th Cir. 2016). This binding precedent negates the basis for the panels
holding in this case. Second, new social science research underscores prior studies
demonstrating that concealed-carry restrictions further the important government
interest in public safety.
On August 16, 2016, the Court issued an Order granting the Brady Center to
Prevent Gun Violences motion for leave to file an amicus brief in support of
rehearing. See Order at 1, Baker v. Kealoha, No. 12-16258 (9th Cir. Aug. 16,
2016), ECF No. 82. In light of this Order, which also sought supplemental briefing
from the parties, the Brady Center files this short supplemental brief. The Brady
Center received consent to file from Defendants-Appellees; however, PlaintiffAppellant declined to consent. No party or partys counsel authored this brief in
whole or in part. No party, partys counsel, or person other than Amicus, its
members, or its counsel contributed money intended to fund preparation and
submission of this brief.
2
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I.
Id. at 929-39.
emerging consensus among the federal courts of appeals that states have the
authority to prohibit entirely or to limit substantially the carrying of concealed or
concealable firearms.2 Id. at 939. Binding circuit precedent in Peruta mandates
that the panel decision be reversed. The consequences of failing to do so would be
2
Citing Peterson v. Martinez, 707 F.3d 1197 (10th Cir. 2013) (right to carry
concealed weapons does not fall within the Second Amendment's scope); Woollard
v. Gallagher, 712 F.3d 865 (4th Cir. 2013) (Maryland requirement that handgun
permits be issued only to individuals with good and substantial reason to wear,
carry, or transport a handgun does not violate Second Amendment); Drake v.
Filko, 724 F.3d 426, 42930 (3d Cir. 2013) (New Jersey justifiable need
restriction on carrying handguns in public does not burden conduct within the
scope of the Second Amendment's guarantee); Kachalsky v. Cty. of Westchester,
701 F.3d 81 (2d Cir. 2012) (New York proper cause restriction on concealed
carry does not violate Second Amendment).
3
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immediate and life-threatening. As the Fourth Circuit has put it, This is serious
business. We do not wish to be even minutely responsible for some unspeakably
tragic act of mayhem because in the peace of our judicial chambers we
miscalculated as to Second Amendment rights. United States v. Masciandaro,
638 F.3d 458, 475 (4th Cir. 2011).
II.
interestprotecting the public health and safety. 3 Since 2007, at least 885
people have been killed by individuals with concealed carry permits; over 200 of
these deaths occurred in the last two years.
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Recent research also confirms that public carrying increases violent crime.
The most up-to-date research in this area has concluded that [t]he totality of the
evidence based on educated judgments about the best statistical models suggests
that right-to-carry laws5 are associated with substantially higher rates of aggravated
assault, rape, robbery and murder.
omitted); see also Abhay Aneja, John J. Donohue III, & Alexandria Zhang, The
Impact of Right to Carry Laws and the NRC Report: The Latest Lessons for the
Empirical Evaluation of Law and Policy 80-81 (Natl Bureau of Econ. Research,
Working Paper No. 18294, 2014) (suggesting that RTC laws increased every
crime category by at least 8 percent, except murder (in that model, murder rose 3
percent but it is not statistically significant).) (emphasis added).6
Finally, as recent events in Dallas and Baton Rouge make tragically clear,
public carrying also increases the risk that police officers will be killed in the line
of duty. It is no surprise that weak gun laws translate to high rates of gun
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ownership in a state.7 And researchers from the Harvard School of Public Health
and elsewhere recently concluded that [o]fficers in the high-gun [ownership]
states had 3 times the likelihood of being killed compared with low-gun
[ownership] states. 8
large[,] and [s]tates should consider methods for reducing firearm ownership as a
way to reduce occupational deaths of [officers]. Id. at 2042, 2047. Now is not
the time to weaken Hawaiis gun violence prevention laws. Our lives, and the
lives of those who protect us, depend on it.
CONCLUSION
This Court should grant rehearing and reverse the panels decision.
Amanda Gutterman, States With Most Gun Deaths Have High Gun
Ownership And Weak Gun Laws, Report Shows, The Huffington Post (Jan. 29,
2015, 3:33 PM), http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/01/29/weak-gun-laws-andhigh-gu_n_6572384.html.
8
David I. Swedler, et al., Firearm Prevalence and Homicides of Law
Enforcement Officers in the United States, 105 Am. J. of Pub. Health 2042, 2047
(2015),
available
at
http://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdf/10.2105/AJPH.2015.302749
(emphasis
added).
6
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September 6, 2016
Respectfully submitted,
/s/ Kathryn M. Ali
Kathryn M. Ali
Jonathan Diesenhaus
Anna M. Kelly
Evan W. Guimond
HOGAN LOVELLS US LLP
555 Thirteenth Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 20004
(202) 637-5600
kathryn.ali@hoganlovells.com
Christine E. MacGregor
HOGAN LOVELLS US LLP
1835 Market Street, 29th Floor
Philadelphia, PA 19103
(267) 675-4694
christine.macgregor@hoganlovells.com
Jonathan E. Lowy
Alla Lefkowitz
Avery Gardiner
Kelly Sampson
BRADY CENTER TO PREVENT GUN
VIOLENCE - LEGAL ACTION PROJECT
840 First Street, N.E. Suite 400
Washington, D.C. 20002
(202) 370-8104
jlowy@bradymail.org
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CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE
Pursuant to Rule 32(a)(7)(C) of the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure
and Ninth Circuit Rule 32-1, the undersigned hereby certifies that this brief
complies with the type-volume limitation of Rule 32(a)(7)(B) of the Federal Rules
of Appellate Procedure and Ninth Circuit Rule 29-2.
1.
Microsoft Word 2010 in 14 point Times New Roman font. As permitted by Rule
32(a)(7)(C)(i) of the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure, the undersigned has
relied upon the word count feature of this word-processing system in preparing this
certificate.
/s/ Kathryn M. Ali
Kathryn M. Ali
HOGAN LOVELLS US LLP
555 Thirteenth Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 20004
(202) 637-5600
kathryn.ali@hoganlovells.com
Dated:
September 6, 2016
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CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE
I, Kathryn M. Ali, hereby certify that on September 6, 2016 electronic
copies of this amicus brief were served through the Courts CM/ECF system to:
Alan Alexander Beck, Esquire, Attorney
Direct: 619-971-0424
Law Offices of Alan Beck
4780 Governor Drive
San Diego, CA 92122
Richard Loren Holcomb, Jr., Esquire, Attorney
Direct: 808-545-4040
Holcomb Law, LLLC
Suite 808
1136 Union Mall
Honolulu, HI 96813
Kevin O'Grady, Attorney
Direct: 808-521-3367
Law Office of Kevin O'Grady, LLC
1136 Union Mall
Suite 704
Honolulu, HI 96813
Counsel for Appellant
Curtis Edwin Sherwood, Esquire, Deputy Corporation Counsel
Direct: 808-523-4859
Corporation Counsel, City and County of Honolulu
Suite 110
530 S. King Street
Honolulu, HI 96813
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September 6, 2016
11
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APPENDIX B
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CHRISTOPHER BAKER,
Plaintiff,
vs.
LOUIS KEALOHA, as an individual
and in his official capacity as
Honolulu Chief of Police; STATE
OF HAWAII; CITY AND COUNTY OF
HONOLULU; HONOLULU POLICE
DEPARTMENT; NEIL ABERCROMBIE,
in his official capacity as
Hawaii Governor,
Defendants.
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
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memoranda have been filed, the Court hereby GRANTS the Motion for
Leave to File an Amicus Curiae Brief.
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grounds).
fold:
As a
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CONCLUSION
For the reasons stated above, the Court GRANTS the
Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violences Motion For Leave to File
an Amicus Curiae Brief.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
DATED:
________________________________
Alan C. Kay
Sr. United States District Judge
Baker v. Kealoha, Civ. No. 11-00528 ACK-KSC: Order Granting The Brady Center
To Prevent Gun Violences Motion For Leave To File An Amicus Curiae Brief In
Support Of Defendants.
-4-
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APPENDIX C
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Case:
Case:
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25 Page
Page:
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FILED
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
CHRISTOPHER BAKER,
Plaintiff - Appellant,
v.
LOUIS KEALOHA, as an individual and
in his official capacity as Honolulu Chief
of Police; et al.,
SEP 04 2012
MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
U .S. C O U R T OF APPE ALS
No. 12-16258
D.C. No. 1:11-cv-00528-ACKKSC
District of Hawaii,
Honolulu
ORDER
Defendants - Appellees.
hmb/MOATT
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attached to the end of each copy of the brief, that the brief is identical to the
version submitted electronically.
FOR THE COURT:
MOLLY C. DWYER
CLERK OF COURT
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