Hologram Op U

You might also like

Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 40

2009

Laser / Hologram Unit


for Optical Disk

Caution for Safety


This product contains Gallium Arsenide (GaAs).

DANGER

GaAs powder and vapor are hazardous to human health if inhaled or


ingested. Do not burn, destroy, cut, cleave off, or chemically dissolve the
product. Follow related laws and ordinances for disposal. The product
should be excluded from general industrial waste or household garbage.

Do not touch or look into the laser beam directly.


The laser beam may cause injury to the eye or skin, or loss of eyesight.

Request for your special attention and precautions in using the technical information and
semiconductors described in this book
(1) If any of the products or technical information described in this book is to be exported or provided to non-residents, the laws and
regulations of the exporting country, especially, those with regard to security export control, must be observed.
(2) The technical information described in this book is intended only to show the main characteristics and application circuit examples
of the products. No license is granted in and to any intellectual property right or other right owned by Panasonic Corporation or any
other company. Therefore, no responsibility is assumed by our company as to the infringement upon any such right owned by any
other company which may arise as a result of the use of technical information described in this book.
(3) The products described in this book are intended to be used for standard applications or general electronic equipment (such as office
equipment, communications equipment, measuring instruments and household appliances).
Consult our sales staff in advance for information on the following applications:
x Special applications (such as for airplanes, aerospace, automobiles, traffic control equipment, combustion equipment, life support
systems and safety devices) in which exceptional quality and reliability are required, or if the failure or malfunction of the products may directly jeopardize life or harm the human body.
x Any applications other than the standard applications intended.
(4) The products and product specifications described in this book are subject to change without notice for modification and/or improvement. At the final stage of your design, purchasing, or use of the products, therefore, ask for the most up-to-date Product
Standards in advance to make sure that the latest specifications satisfy your requirements.
(5) When designing your equipment, comply with the range of absolute maximum rating and the guaranteed operating conditions
(operating power supply voltage and operating environment etc.). Especially, please be careful not to exceed the range of absolute
maximum rating on the transient state, such as power-on, power-off and mode-switching. Otherwise, we will not be liable for any
defect which may arise later in your equipment.
Even when the products are used within the guaranteed values, take into the consideration of incidence of break down and failure
mode, possible to occur to semiconductor products. Measures on the systems such as redundant design, arresting the spread of fire
or preventing glitch are recommended in order to prevent physical injury, fire, social damages, for example, by using the products.
(6) Comply with the instructions for use in order to prevent breakdown and characteristics change due to external factors (ESD, EOS,
thermal stress and mechanical stress) at the time of handling, mounting or at customer's process. When using products for which
damp-proof packing is required, satisfy the conditions, such as shelf life and the elapsed time since first opening the packages.
(7) This book may be not reprinted or reproduced whether wholly or partially, without the prior written permission of our company.
20080805

If you have any inquiries or questions about this book or our semiconductor products, please contact one
of our sales offices listed on the back or our sales division.

Contents

Roadmap/Specification List/General Information

...................................... 2

- Laser Diode ................................................................................................. 2


- Hologram Unit .............................................................................................. 6
Specifications ........................................................................................................ 11
- Laser Diode ................................................................................................. 11
- Hologram Unit ........................................................................................... 17
Appearance and Outline ................................................................................... 27
- Laser Diode ................................................................................................. 27
- Hologram Unit ............................................................................................ 31
Caution for Using Laser Diodes ...................................................................... 36

Roadmap/Specification List

Laser Diode

Roadmap
Year

2004

2005

2006

2007

LNCT05

2008
Development
start

DVD240 mW, CD:250 mW

Under
production Start

LNCT10

Under
development

DVD300 mW, CD300 mW

Dual
wavelength
high power
laser
diode

Mass
production
start

LNCT16

DVD300 mW, CD330 mW

LNCT12

DVD350 mW, CD350 mW

LNCT21

DVD300 mW, CD400 mW


CD(CW)250 mW

Frame: 1.8 mm thick

Package

Frame: 1.2 mm thick

Specification List
Application

Part No.

LNCT12PF

Dual
wavelength
high power
for DVD/CD
write/read

Features

PO max
I (mA) Iop(mA) Vop(V) (nm)
(mW) th
CW, PO = 100 mW
Pulsed light output
350 mW
DVD
350
55
150
2.4
661
40 ns, 33%
CD

Pulsed light output


380 mW
85 ns, 50%

350

55

DVD

Pulsed light output


300 mW
30 ns, 35%

300

50

CD

Pulsed light output


330 mW
100 ns, 50%

330

55

DVD

Pulsed light output


300 mW
30 ns, 35%

300

50

CD

Pulsed light output


400 mW
100 ns, 50%

LNCT16PF

LNCT21PU

Application

Blu-ray write

Part No.

LNC415FG

Electro/Optical Characteristics (Standard Values; TC = 25C)

55

215

2.4

785

CW, PO = 90 mW
130

2.45

661

CW, PO = 160 mW
215

2.45

785

CW, PO = 90 mW
130

2.45

661

CW, PO = 160 mW
215

2.45

785

Coherent
length
(mm)

1.05

6.99

0.95

6.22

1.1

6.25

1.0

5.55

1.1

6.25

1.0

5.57

Electro/Optical Characteristics (Standard Values; TC = 25C)

Package
Page
No.

Frame
PKG15

12

Frame
PKG15

13

Frame
PKG17

14
.
15

Package
Page
PO max
Ith(mA) Iop(mA) Vop(V) (nm) h(deg) V(deg) No.
(mW)
CW, PO = 80 mW
Blue-violet
320
pulsed light output (30 ns,
38
8
18
3.8CAN PKG 16
90
5.2
405
320 mW
50%)
Features

BD

400

CW, PO = 150 mW

Differential
efficiency
(W/A)

Laser Diode

General Information

On the semiconductor laser diode


The laser diode (LD) has the laser active area between P type semiconductor layer and N type semiconductor
layer, injects electrons and electron holes into the active area for radiative recombination, and then amplifies and
reflects the radiated light with a cleavage mirror formed on the chip end face for resonance to emit a singlecolored, highly directional, coherent laser beam. An optical lens enables to focus a laser beam spot near the
diffraction limit.
The laser diode is widely used as the light source for reading and writing of various optical disks.

Near field pattern


(Vertical transverse mode)

Current

Longitudinal mode
(Emission spectrum)

(Vertical
transverse mode)

Laser beam

Near field pattern


(Horizontal transverse mode)

//
Far field pattern
(Horizontal transverse mode)

Laser diodes of different wavelengths


Laser diodes of different wavelengths are used in accordance with the type of optical disk.
Blue-violet laser diode (Wavelength: 405 nm) is used for Blu-ray Disc, red laser diode (Wavelength: 661 nm) is
used for DVD, and infrared laser diode (Wavelength: 785 nm) is used for CD optical disc.

(Dual wavelength laser diode)


Blue-violet
laser diode for
Blu-ray Disc

400

Red
laser diode
for DVD

500

600
Wavelength (nm)

700

Infrared
laser diode
for CD

800

General Information

Laser Diode

Dual wavelength laser diode structure


The figure below shows the structure of a dual wavelength laser diode chip.
A red laser diode and infrared laser diode are integrated monolithically onto a GaAs substrate.
Emission points are formed simultaneously for the red laser diode and the infrared laser diode, to realize the
interval (110 m) of emission points with high accuracy.
The dual wavelength laser diode operates very reliably even at high temperature and high output, due to its low
loss optical waveguide structure and the window structure formed on the chip facet.

Red LD

Infrared LD

GaAs substrate

Emission point interval

Assembly appearance (Frame package)


The figure below shows the appearance of a dual wavelength high power laser frame package.
A dual wavelength high power laser diode chip is mounted on a small, thin frame package using a submount.
This compact structure can be used as the light source for any type of optical disk drives from the ultra-thin type
to the half-height type.

LD chip
Submount

Laser Diode

General Information

Optical pickup system simplified


The figures below offer comparison of the optical pickup for writing DVD and CD between (i) conventional bulk
type structure in which two CAN laser diodes are used and (ii) dual wavelength laser diode type structure in
which one dual wavelength laser frame package is used.
Adoption of a dual wavelength laser frame package reduces the number of components and the number of optical
axes to be adjusted, and achieves a small, simple optical pickup configuration that is easy to assemble.
In the BD/DVD/CD optical pickup for leading-edge Blu-ray Discs, the dual wavelength laser structure is
indispensable in order to avoid complicated optical configurations.

(i) Conventional bulk type


(5 parts in total)
Diffraction
grating

Optical disk

Collimator
lens

Objective lens

Prism

LD

Lens

Grating
LD

PDIC

(ii) Dual wavelength laser diode type


(2 parts in total)

Optical disk

Collimator
lens

Grating

Objective lens

Lens

Dual wavelength
high power frame
laser

PDIC

Roadmap/Specification List

Hologram Unit

Roadmap
Year

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008
Development
start

DVD/Portable
DVD Player

Mass production
start
Under
production Start
Under
development

HULT273
HULT276

HUL7211

CD/Portable
CD Player

HUL7212
HUL7215
HUL7258

Specification List
Error Signal Detection Method
Application

Part No.

Features

HULT273

.Dual wavelength laser diode (1 chip) is


mounted.
.For
reading DVD / CD
.CD and
CD-R: Reading at 24x speed

DVD and DVD-R: Reading at 8x speed


DVD-RAM: Reading at 5x speed

DVD/Portable
DVD Player

.Multi-mode dual wavelength laser


HULT276

HUL7211
HUL7212
CD/Portable
CD Player

HUL7215

HUL7258

diode (1 chip) eliminates the necessity


of superimposing at high frequency.
For reading DVD / CD
CD and CD-R: Reading at 24x speed
DVD and DVD-R: Reading at 8x speed
DVD-RAM: Reading at 5x speed

.
.

.Low voltage drive (VCC = 3 V)


.Low power consumption laser diode
.Built-in I-V conversion amp.
.Low power consumption laser diode
.Built-in I-V conversion amp.
.Low voltage drive (VCC = 3 V)
.Low power consumption laser diode
.Built-in I-V conversion amp.
.Low voltage drive (VCC = 3 V)
.Built-in I-V conversion amp.
.Low power consumption laser diode
.Ultra thin package is adopted

Focus
error

Tracking error

VCC PO max
(V) (mW)

(CD, CD-R)
3-beam method
(DVD, DVD-R)
Phase
SSD differential
5
method method
(DVD-RAM)
3-beam
Push pull
method

(nm)

Package
Page
No.

18
.
19

DVD : 6
CD : 8
DVD : 667
CD : 785

PKG07
20
.
21

DVD : 5
CD : 6

795

22
PKG01

5
SSD
method

3-beam
method

3.6
3

800

23
PKG01-6

24

PKG03

25

795

Hologram Unit

General Information

On the Hologram Unit


Hologram Unit, as it's revealing on its name, sophisticated optical diffractive hologram design enables to
integrate the plural optical pickup functions into a compact package. Laser diode, signal detecting photo-diode
IC, diffractive grating and beam splitter functions are built in compact plastic package to form fundamental
optical pickup configuration.
The optical pickup is simply realized by focusing the output light from Hologram Unit to the optical disc by the
optical objective lens.
Hologram Unit not only realizes the small and thin optical pickup size, but also simplify the assembly process,
and helps to improve the mechanical reliability regarding vibration resistance.
Built-in high speed photo-diode ICs are designed for CD and DVD/CD applications to realize the highest
performances, respectively.

Hologram Unit Configuration


Hologram optical
element (Plastic)

Light detecting element


and mirror on a single chip
Comb type
plastic hollow package

Laser chip

Micro-mirror method
Output light
Input light
Light detecting pattern

Input light
Micro-mirror facet

Laser chip
Light detecting element
and mirror on a single chip

General Information

Hologram Unit

Configuration of DVD Pickup

All of the eight devices consisting the optical pickup are integrated into a single unit.

Disk

O.L.

Optical Pickup
All optical elements are integrated.

Beam
Splitter

Hologram Element
C.L.

lens

PDIC

Prism
Grating

4.5 mm
Package

LD

Monolithically integrated
dual wavelength laser
diode chip

LD

Photo IC

Configuration of CD Pickup

All of the five devices consisting the optical pickup are integrated into a single unit.

Disk

O.L.

All the necessary optical elements


are integrated into a single device.

Optical Pickup

Beam
Splitter

Hologram Element

lens

PDIC

4.8 mm /
3.3 mm
Package

Grating

Monolithically Integrated
Laser chip

LD

PDIC

Hologram Unit

Application Block Diagrams

Block Diagram: DVD Player


Disk

Optical Pickup (Hologram Unit)


Spindle Motor
DVD

CD

Driver

Front-end Block

AV I/F

Back-end Block

Address Data Bus

SIF

System
Controller

Block Diagram: DVD-ROM Drive


Disk

Optical Pickup (Hologram Unit)


Spindle Motor
DVD

CD

Host PC

Driver

Front-end Block

ATAPI IDE Bus

10

Specifcations

Laser Diode
LNCT12PF

Red/Infrared Dual Wavelength Laser Diode .................. 12

LNCT16PF

Red/Infrared Dual Wavelength Laser Diode .................. 13

LNCT21PU

Red/Infrared Dual Wavelength Laser Diode ..................14

LNC415FG

Blue-violet Ultra High Power Laser Diode .....................16

(Record and reproduction for DVD/CD)

(Record and reproduction for DVD/CD)

(Record and reproduction for DVD/CD)

(Record for Blu-ray Disc)

11

Specifcations (Laser Diode)

LNCT12PF
Red/Infrared Dual Wavelength Laser Diode
(Record and reproduction for DVD/CD)

Package No.

Features

.
.
.

Frame PKG15

High output characteristics in a small package


optimum for DVD recording OPU
Pulsed light output: Red: 350 mW,
Infrared: 350 mW
Small frame package 1.8 mm thick

Absolute Maximum Ratings


Parameter

Symbol

DVD Ratings

CD Ratings

Unit

100

150

mW

CW
Output power
Reverse voltage
Operating temperature
Storage temperature

Symbol

Vr

1.5

1.5

10 to +75

10 to +75

TC (Pulse)

10 to +75

10 to +75

Tstg

40 to +85

40 to +85

TC = 25C

Conditions
CW

Operating current

Iop

Operating voltage

Vop

CW,
PO = 100 mW(DVD)
PO = 150 mW(CD)

Oscillation wavelength
Radiation angle

Max
80

CD
Typ
55

Max
80

150

2.4

200

215

260

mA

3.0

2.4

3.0

656

Min

Unit
mA

779

nm

12

6.5

785

791

661

664

10.5

deg

Vertical

14

19.5

13

17.5

deg

+2

1.0

+3.0

deg

+2

1.0

+3.0

deg

+2

+2

deg

+2

+2

deg

+2

+2

deg

+2

+2

deg

h
v

Horizontal

Vertical

Optical axis tilting Horizontal


power fluctuation Vertical
Relative optical
axis tilting

DVD
Typ
55

Horizontal

Horizontal
Radiation angle
power fluctuation Vertical
Optical axis tilting

Min

*1

Ith

Threshold current

mW

TC (CW)

Electro-Optical Characteristics
Parameter

350
350
(Pulse width: 40 ns; Duty: 33%) (Pulse width: 85 ns; Duty: 50%)

PO

Pulse

CW,
PO = 5, 100 mW(DVD)
PO = 5, 150 mW(CD)

Horizontal

//

CW, PO = 5 mW

+2

deg

Vertical

CW, PO = 5 mW
CW,
PO = 5 100 mW(DVD)
PO = 5 150 mW(CD)
CW, PO = 5 mW

deg

0.75

0.95

+2

15

3.4

6.14

6.22

6.29

Differential efficiency

Series resistance

Rs

Polarization ratio

TE/TM

Coherent length

nL

1.05

15

3.5

6.0

6.91

6.99

7.07

0.85

*1: Case temperature TC = 25C, DVD laser pulse condition: Pulse width = 40 ns, duty = 33%,
CD laser pulse condition: Pulse width = 85 ns, duty = 50% unless otherwise specified

12

W/A

mm

Specifcations (Laser Diode)

LNCT16PF
Red/Infrared Dual Wavelength Laser Diode
(Record and reproduction for DVD/CD)

Package No.

Features

.
.
.

Frame PKG15

High output characteristics in a small package


optimum for DVD recording OPU
Pulsed light output: Red: 300 mW,
Infrared: 330 mW
Small frame package 1.8 mm thick

Absolute Maximum Ratings


Parameter

Symbol

DVD Ratings

CD Ratings

Unit

90

160

mW

CW
Output Power
Reverse voltage
Operating temperature
Storage temperature

Symbol

Vr

1.5

1.5

10 to +80

10 to +80

TC (Pulse)

10 to +80

10 to +80

Tstg

40 to +85

40 to +85

TC = 25C

Conditions
CW

Operating current

Iop

Operating voltage

Vop

CW,
PO = 90 mW(DVD)
PO = 160 mW(CD)

Oscillation wavelength
Radiation angle

Min
30

CD
Typ
55

Max
80

115

130

170

2.0

2.45

3.0

170

215

250

mA

2.0

2.45

3.0

656

665

777

790

nm

12

6.5

785

11.5

deg

19.5

12

18

deg

Unit
mA

Horizontal

Vertical

13

+2

+3.0

deg

+2

1.5

+2.5

deg

h
v

CW,
PO = 5, 90 mW(DVD)
PO = 5, 160 mW(CD)

Horizontal

+2

+2

deg

Vertical

+2

+2

deg

1.5

+1.5

1.5

+1.5

deg

1.5

+1.5

1.5

+1.5

deg

Optical axis tilting Horizontal


power fluctuation Vertical
Relative optical
axis tilting

Max
80

Min
30

661

Radiation angle Horizontal


power fluctuation Vertical
Optical axis tilting

DVD
Typ
50

*1

Ith

Threshold current

mW

TC (CW)

Electro-Optical Characteristics
Parameter

300
330
(Pulse width: 30 ns; Duty: 35%) (Pulse width: 100 ns; Duty: 50%)

PO

Pulse

Horizontal

//

CW, PO = 5 mW

+2

deg

Vertical

CW, PO = 5 mW
CW,
PO = 5 90 mW(DVD)
PO = 5 160 mW(CD)
CW, PO = 5 mW

+2

deg

0.80

1.0

1.15
5.3

W/A

12

4.0

5.51

5.55

5.59

Differential efficiency

Series resistance

Rs

Polarization ratio

TE/TM

Coherent length

nL

1.1

1.25

12

4.0

5.3

6.20

6.25

6.29

0.85

*1: Case temperature TC = 25C, DVD laser pulse condition: Pulse width = 30 ns, duty = 35%,
CD laser pulse condition: Pulse width = 100 ns, duty = 50% unless otherwise specified

13

mm

Specifcations (Laser Diode)

LNCT21PU
Red/Infrared Dual Wavelength Laser Diode
(Record and reproduction for DVD/CD)

Package No.

Features

.
.
.

Frame PKG17

Infrared light output: 250 mW


(during CW operation) suitable to light scribing
Pulsed light output: Red: 300 mW,
Infrared: 400 mW
Extremely thin frame package 1.2 mm thick

Absolute Maximum Ratings(DVD)


Parameter

Symbol
CW

Output Power

Pulse

Reverse voltage
Operating temperature
Storage temperature

Symbol

Threshold current

Ith

Operating current

Iop
Vop

Operating voltage
Oscillation wavelength
Radiation angle

90

mW

300
(Pulse width: 30 ns; Duty: 35%)

mW

Vr

1.5

TC (CW)

10 to +85

TC (Pulse)

10 to +85

Tstg

40 to +90

*1

CW
CW,
PO = 90 mW

Min

Typ

Max

Unit

30

50

80

mA

115

130

170

mA

2.0

2.45

3.0

656

665

nm

Horizontal

12

deg

Vertical

13

19.5

deg

+2

deg

+2

deg

CW,
PO = 5, 90 mW

Horizontal

+2

deg

Vertical

+2

deg

1.5

+1.5

deg

1.5

+1.5

deg

Optical axis tilting Horizontal


power fluctuation Vertical
Relative optical
axis tilting

Conditions

TC = 25C

661

Radiation angle Horizontal


power fluctuation Vertical
Optical axis tilting

Unit

PO

Electro-Optical Characteristics(DVD)
Parameter

Ratings

Horizontal

//

CW, PO = 5 mW

deg

Vertical

CW, PO = 5 mW

deg

Differential efficiency

Series resistance

Rs

Polarization ratio

TE/TM

Coherent length

nL

1.1

1.25

12

4.0

5.3

6.20

6.25

6.29

CW,
PO = 5 90 mW

0.85

CW, PO = 5 mW

*1: Case temperature TC = 25C, DVD laser pulse condition: Pulse width = 30 ns, duty = 35%,
CD laser pulse condition: Pulse width = 100 ns, duty = 50% unless otherwise specified

14

W/A

mm

Specifcations (Laser Diode)

Absolute Maximum Ratings(CD)


Parameter

Symbol

Ratings

Unit

250

mW

PO

400
(Pulse width: 100 ns; Duty: 50%)

mW

Vr

1.5

CW
Output Power

Pulse

Reverse voltage
Operating temperature
Storage temperature

TC (CW)

10 to +90

TC (Pulse)

10 to +90

Tstg

40 to +90

Electro-Optical Characteristics(CD)
Parameter

Symbol
Ith

Threshold current
Operating current

Iop

Operating voltage

Vop

Oscillation wavelength
Radiation angle

CW
CW,
PO = 160 mW

Min

Typ

Max

Unit

30

55

80

mA

170

215

250

mA

2.0

2.45

3.0

777

790

nm

11.5

deg

6.5

785

Vertical

12

18

deg

+3.0

deg

1.5

+2.5

deg

+2

deg

+2

deg

1.5

+1.5

deg

Horizontal
Vertical

Optical axis tilting Horizontal


power fluctuation Vertical
Relative optical
axis tilting

*2

Horizontal

Radiation angle Horizontal


power fluctuation Vertical
Optical axis tilting

Conditions

TC = 25C

v
x

CW,
PO = 5, 160 mW

1.5

+1.5

deg

Horizontal

//

CW, PO = 5 mW

+2

deg

Vertical

CW, PO = 5 mW

+2

deg

CW,
PO = 5 160 mW

0.80

1.0

1.15

12

5.3

W/A

CW, PO = 5 mW

4.0

5.53

5.57

5.61

Differential efficiency

Series resistance

Rs

Polarization ratio

TE/TM

Coherent length

nL

*2: Case temperature TC = 25C, DVD laser pulse condition: Pulse width = 30 ns, duty = 35%,
CD laser pulse condition: Pulse width = 100 ns, duty = 50% unless otherwise specified

15

mm

Specifcations (Laser Diode)

Under development

LNC415FG
Blue-violet Ultra High Power Laser Diode
(Record for Blu-ray Disc)

Package No.

Features

.
.
.

3.8CAN PKG

Ultra high power:


Pulsed light output of 320 mW
Oscillation wavelength of 405 nm optimum
for recording in Blu-ray Disc
Slim CAN package of 3.8 mm in diameter

Absolute Maximum Ratings


Parameter

Symbol
Pcw, max

Output power

Ppulse, max

Operating temperature

Top, max

Electro-Optical Characteristics
Parameter

Ratings

Unit

CW

80

mW

Pulse (30 ns; Duty: 50%)

320

mW

Case temperature

75

TC = 25C
*1

Min

Typ

Max

Unit

CW

38

mA
mA
V

Symbol
Ith

Threshold current

Conditions

Conditions

Operating current

Iop

CW, Po = 80 mW

90

Operating voltage

Vop

CW, Po = 80 mW

5.2

CW, Po = 80 mW

405

nm

Horizontal

CW, Po = 80 mW

deg

Vertical

CW, Po = 80 mW

18

deg

Oscillation wavelength
Radiation angle

*1 Unless otherwise noted, case temperature TC = 25C. Pulse condition is pulse width = 30 ns, duty = 50%.

16

Specifcations

Hologram Unit
HULT273

For DVD Player/ Portable DVD Player ................................ 18

HULT276

For DVD Player/ Portable DVD Player ................................ 20

HUL7211

For CD Player / Portable CD Player .................................... 22

HUL7212

For CD Player / Portable CD Player .................................... 23

HUL7215

For CD Player/ Portable CD Player .................................... 24

HUL7258

For CD Player/ Portable CD Player .................................... 25

17

Specifcations (Hologram Unit)

HULT273

For DVD Player/Portable DVD Player


Features

..
.

Dual wavelength laser diode (1 chip) is mounted.


For reading of DVD and CD
CD and CD-R: Reading at 24 speed
DVD and DVD-R: Reading at 8 speed
DVD-RAM: Reading at 5 speed

Error Signal Detection Method

Package No.

..

Focus error signal detection: SSD method


Tracking error signal detection:
CD, CD-R: 3-beam method
DVD, DVD-R: Phase differential method
DVD-RAM: 3-beam Push pull method

PKG07

Absolute Maximum Ratings


Parameter

Symbol

Ratings

DVD

PO(HOE OUT)

CD

PO(HOE OUT)

Reverse voltage

VR(LD)

1.5

Supply voltage

VCC

Reference voltage

Vref

+2.1 to +2.3

Operating package temperature

TC

10 to +75

Storage temperature

Tstg

40 to +85

Output power

Unit Characteristic Specifications (DVD)


Parameter

Symbol

Threshold current

Ith

Operating current

IOP

Operating voltage

VOP

Unit
mW

TC = 25C 3C
Conditions

CW
CW, VRF = 820 mV, VCC = 5 V

Min

Typ

Max

Unit

15

30

mA

10

20

35

mA

2.1

3.0

659

667

675

nm

Oscillation wavelength

Optical output from lens

PO

0.2

0.5

mW

Focus error signal amplitude

VFE

400

650

900

mV

Focus error signal balance

BFE

20

+20

Radial optical flux balance

RAB

25

+25

Tangential optical flux balance

TAB

25

+25

Jitter

Jitter

10

CW, PO(HOE OUT) = 5 mW

CW, VRF = 820 mV, VCC = 5 V

18

Specifcations (Hologram Unit)

Unit Characteristic Specifications (CD)


Parameter

Symbol

Threshold current

Ith

Operating current

IOP

Operating voltage

VOP

TC = 25C 3C
Conditions

CW
CW, VRF = 600 mV, VCC = 5 V

Min

Typ

Max

Unit

15

30

mA

10

20

35

mA

2.0

3.0

775

785

805

nm

Oscillation wavelength

Optical output from lens

PO

0.35

0.6

mW

Focus error signal amplitude

VFE

330

550

770

mV

Tracking error signal amplitude

VTE

90

150

210

mV

Tracking error signal balance

BTE

40

+ 40

Jitter

Jitter

25

ns

CW, PO(HOE OUT) = 7 mW

CW, VRF = 600 mV, VCC = 5 V

19

Specifcations (Hologram Unit)

HULT276

For DVD Player/Portable DVD Player


Features

..
.

Multi-mode dual wavelength laser diode (1 chip) eliminates the necessity of superimposing at high frequency.
For reading DVD/CD
CD and CD-R: Reading at 24 speed
DVD and DVD-R: Reading at 8 speed
DVD-RAM: Reading at 5 speed

Error Signal Detection Method

Package No.

..

Focus error signal detection: SSD method


Tracking error signal detection:
CD, CD-R: 3-beam method
DVD, DVD-R: Phase differential method
DVD-RAM: 3-beam Push pull method

PKG07

Absolute Maximum Ratings


Parameter

Symbol

Ratings

DVD

PO(HOE OUT)

CD

PO(HOE OUT)

Reverse voltage

VR(LD)

1.5

Supply voltage

VCC

Reference voltage

Vref

+2.1 to +2.3

Operating package temperature

TC

10 to +75

Storage temperature

Tstg

40 to +85

Output power

Unit Characteristic Specifications (DVD)


Parameter

Symbol

Threshold current

Ith

Operating current

IOP

Operating voltage

VOP

Unit
mW

TC = 25C 3C
Conditions

CW
CW, VRF = 820 mV, VCC = 5 V

Min

Typ

Max

Unit

25

40

65

mA

30

50

70

mA

2.4

3.2

659

667

675

nm

Oscillation wavelength

Optical output from lens

PO

0.2

0.5

mW

Focus error signal amplitude

VFE

400

650

900

mV

Focus error signal balance

BFE

20

+20

Radial optical flux balance

RAB

25

+25

Tangential optical flux balance

TAB

25

+25

Jitter

Jitter

10

CW, PO(HOE OUT) = 3 mW

CW, VRF = 820 mV, VCC = 5 V

20

Specifcations (Hologram Unit)

Unit Characteristic Specifications (CD)


Parameter

Symbol

Threshold current

Ith

Operating current

IOP

Operating voltage

VOP

TC = 25C 3C
Conditions

CW
CW, VRF = 600 mV, VCC = 5 V

Min

Typ

Max

Unit

18

35

52

mA

23

40

57

mA

2.4

3.2

775

785

805

nm

Oscillation wavelength

Optical output from lens

PO

0.35

0.6

mW

Focus error signal amplitude

VFE

330

550

770

mV

Tracking error signal amplitude

VTE

90

150

210

mV

Tracking error signal balance

BTE

40

+40

Jitter

Jitter

25

ns

CW, PO(HOE OUT) = 3.5 mW

CW, VRF = 600 mV, VCC = 5 V

21

Specifcations (Hologram Unit)

HUL7211
For CD Player / Portable CD Player
Features

..
.

Low voltage drive (VCC = 3 V)


Low power consumption laser diode
Built-in I-V conversion amp.

Error Signal Detection Method

Package No.

..

Focus error signal detection : SSD method


Tracking error signal detection : 3-beam method

PKG01

Absolute Maximum Ratings


Parameter

Symbol

Ratings

Unit

PO

3.6

mW

Reverse voltage

VR(LD)

Supply voltage

VCC

Reference voltage

Vref

+1.3 to VCC 1.5

Operating ambient temperature

Topr

10 to +60

Storage temperature

Tstg

40 to +85

Output power

Unit Characteristic Specifications


Parameter

Symbol

Threshold current

Ith

Operating current

IOP

Operating voltage

VOP

Oscillation wavelength

TC = 25C 3C

Conditions
CW
CW, VRF = 330 mV, VCC = 3 V
CW, PO(HOE OUT) = 1.8 mW

Min

Typ

Max

Unit

15

25

35

mA

20

32

45

mA

1.9

2.4

775

795

815

nm

Focus error signal amplitude

VFE

230

330

430

mV

Focus error signal balance

BFE

10

+10

Tracking error signal amplitude

VTE

170

280

390

mV

Tracking error signal balance

BTE

30

+30

Jitter

Jitter

ns

Focus error signal defocusing

DFO

10

+10

VRF = 330 mV, VCC = 3 V

22

Specifcations (Hologram Unit)

HUL7212
For CD Player / Portable CD Player
Features

..

Low power consumption laser diode


Built-in I-V conversion amp.

Error Signal Detection Method

Package No.

..

Focus error signal detection : SSD method


Tracking error signal detection : 3-beam method

PKG01

Absolute Maximum Ratings


Parameter

Symbol

Ratings

Unit

PO

3.6

mW

Reverse voltage

VR(LD)

Supply voltage

VCC

Reference voltage

Vref

+1.3 to VCC 1.5

Operating ambient temperature

Topr

10 to +60

Storage temperature

Tstg

40 to +85

Output power

Unit Characteristic Specifications


Parameter

Symbol

Threshold current

Ith

Operating current

IOP

Operating voltage

VOP

Oscillation wavelength

TC = 25C 3C

Conditions
CW
CW, VRF = 520 mV, VCC = 5 V
CW, PO(HOE OUT) = 1.8 mW

Min

Typ

Max

Unit

15

25

35

mA

20

32

45

mA

1.9

2.4

785

800

815

nm

Focus error signal amplitude

VFE

260

440

620

mV

Focus error signal balance

BFE

10

+10

Tracking error signal amplitude

VTE

170

280

390

mV

Tracking error signal balance

BTE

30

+30

Jitter

Jitter

ns

Focus error signal defocusing

DFO

10

+10

VRF = 520 mV, VCC = 5 V

23

Specifcations (Hologram Unit)

HUL7215
For CD Player / Portable CD Player
Features

..
.

Low voltage drive (VCC = 3 V)


Low power consumption laser diode
Built-in I-V conversion amp.

Error Signal Detection Method

Package No.

..

Focus error signal detection: SSD method


Tracking error signal detection: 3-beam method

PKG01-6

Absolute Maximum Ratings


Parameter

Symbol

Ratings

Unit

PO

3.6

mW

Reverse voltage

VR(LD)

Supply voltage

VCC

Reference voltage

Vref

+1.3 to VCC 1.5

Operating ambient temperature

Topr

10 to +60

Storage temperature

Tstg

40 to +85

Output power

Unit Characteristic Specifications


Parameter

Symbol

Threshold current

Ith

Operating current

IOP

Operating voltage

VOP

Oscillation wavelength

TC = 25C 3C

Conditions
CW
CW, VRF = 330 mV, VCC = 3 V
CW, PO(HOE OUT) = 1.8 mW

Min

Typ

Max

Unit

15

25

35

mA

20

32

45

mA

1.9

2.4

775

795

815

nm

Focus error signal amplitude

VFE

230

380

530

mV

Focus error signal balance

BFE

10

+10

Tracking error signal amplitude

VTE

170

280

390

mV

Tracking error signal balance

BTE

30

+30

Jitter

Jitter

ns

Focus error signal defocusing

DFO

10

+10

VRF = 330 mV, VCC = 3 V

24

Specifcations (Hologram Unit)

HUL7258
For CD Player / Portable CD Player
Features

..
..

Low voltage drive (VCC= 3 V)


Built-in I-V conversion amp.
Low power consumption laser diode
Thin package is adopted

Error Signal Detection Method

Package No.

..

Focus error signal detection : SSD method


Tracking error signal detection : 3-beam method

PKG03

Absolute Maximum Ratings


Parameter

Symbol

Ratings

Unit

PO

3.6

mW

Reverse voltage

VR(LD)

Supply voltage

VCC

Reference voltage

Vref

+1.3 to VCC 1.5

Operating ambient temperature

Topr

10 to +60

Storage temperature

Tstg

40 to +85

Output power

Unit Characteristic Specifications


Parameter

TC = 25C 3C

Symbol

Threshold current

Ith

Operating current

IOP

Operating voltage

VOP

Conditions
CW
CW, VRF = 330 mV, VCC = 3 V

Min

Typ

Max

Unit

15

25

35

mA

20

32

45

mA

1.9

2.4

775

795

815

nm

Oscillation wavelength

Optical output from lens

PO

0.18

0.25

mW

Focus error signal amplitude

VFE

200

330

460

mV

Focus error signal balance

BFE

10

+10

Tracking error signal amplitude

VTE

170

280

390

mV

Tracking error signal balance

BTE

30

+30

Jitter

Jitter

ns

Focus error signal defocusing

DFO

+8

CW, PO(HOE OUT) = 1.8 mW

VRF = 330 mV, VCC = 3 V

25

26

Appearance and Outline

Laser Diode
Frame PKG15

............................................................................................... 28

Frame PKG17

............................................................................................... 29

3.8CAN PKG

............................................................................................... 30

27

Appearance and Outline

Pa cka g e No .

Frame PKG15
Appearance

Part No.

..

LNCT12PF
LNCT16PF

The shape, dimensions, etc. shown in the appearance diagram are for reference only. Detailed information will be provided
through consultations with individual customers. Please contact the nearest sales office for further information.

Unit : mm

1.6
2.55
3.5

CD emission point

1.0 0.8
max max

0.35

DVD emission point


0.110.001

0.95

(Light-emitting point interval)

(1.3)

(3)

(4.0)

1.2

2.45
2.95

0.80.1

Submount
LD

0.250.05

5.150.1
(4.75 max)
2.95

3.45

Outline

(1.3)

( 2)

0.40.05

( 1)

Internal Connection
.Red LD
.GND
.Infrared LD

28

Appearance and Outline

Pa cka g e No .

Frame PKG17
Appearance

Part No.

LNCT21PU

The shape, dimensions, etc. shown in the appearance diagram are for reference only. Detailed information will be provided
through consultations with individual customers. Please contact the nearest sales office for further information.

0.250.05

Unit : mm

Submount
LD

5.150.1
3.5
2.95
2.55

CD emission point

(Light-emitting point interval)

0.110.001

1.2 MAX
0.40.05

DVD emission point

3.7MIN

3.25 0.80.1
3.75

0.350.05

Outline

(1.3)

(1.3)

0.40.05

Internal Connection
.Red LD
.GND
.Infrared LD

29
28

Appearance and Outline

Under development
Pa cka g e No .

3.8CAN PKG
Appearance

Part No.

LNC415FG

The shape, dimensions, etc. shown in the appearance diagram are for reference only. Detailed information will be provided
through consultations with individual customers. Please contact the nearest sales office for further information.

Unit : mm
( 0.90)

0.30

(90)

3.80- 0.03

(0.25)

3.04
2.50

2.29MAX

0.25

Light-emitting point position

0.35MAX

1.0

1.30

LD

6.5

Reference Plane

1.43

0.25

0.80

Outline

0.85MAX

3-0.33

Internal Connection
. LD (Anode)
. Case
. LD (Cathode)

30
28

Appearance and Outline

Hologram Unit
PKG01

............................................................................................... 32

PKG01-6

............................................................................................... 33

PKG03

............................................................................................... 34

PKG07

............................................................................................... 35

31

Appearance and Outline

Pa cka g e No .

PKG01
Appearance

Part No.

..

HUL7211
HUL7212

The shape, dimensions, etc. shown in the appearance diagram are for reference only. Detailed information will be provided
through consultations with individual customers. Please contact the nearest sales office for further information.

Unit : mm

The rest of molding gate

4.70.2

4.330.4

2.550.2

Reference plane

1.330.2

(12) (11) (10)

(9)

(8)

Reference plane

4.70.1

(7)

(0.3)

(0.5)

(0.35)
Apparent emitting point

8.0

8.10.2

(11.2)

+0.0
0.05

Apparent emitting point

.
(18)

8.20.2

0.780.2
0.500.2

(0.2)

0.2max

3.00.4
Index mark for No.1 pin
on reverse side

Outline

Pin number

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

0.85=4.0

(5)

(0.25)

(6)

Reference plane

(Lead frame)
2.550.2

4.80.1

32

Appearance and Outline

Pa cka g e No .

PKG01-6
Appearance

Part No.

HUL7215

The shape, dimensions, etc. shown in the appearance diagram are for reference only. Detailed information will be provided
through consultations with individual customers. Please contact the nearest sales office for further information.

Unit : mm
The rest of molding gate

4.70.2

4.110.4

2.550.2

Reference plane

1.330.2

(12) (11) (10)

(9)

(8)

Reference plane

4.70.1

(7)

(0.3)

(0.5)

(0.35)
Apparent emitting point

8.0

8.10.2

(11.2)

+0.0
0.05

Apparent emitting point

(1.8)

8.20.2

0.780.2
0.500.2

(0.2)

0.2max

Index mark for No.1 pin


on reverse side

Outline

(0.025)

2.780.4

Pin number

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

0.85=4.0

(5)

(6)

(0.25)
Reference plane

4.80.1

33

(Lead frame)
2.550.2

Appearance and Outline

Pa cka g e No .

PKG03
Appearance

Part No.

HUL7258

The shape, dimensions, etc. shown in the appearance diagram are for reference only. Detailed information will be provided
through consultations with individual customers. Please contact the nearest sales office for further information.

Unit : mm

4.330.4

2.550.2

3.20.2

3.30.2

1.330.2
0.780.2

(10) (9)

(8)

(7)

0.500.2

(6)

Apparent emitting point

Reference plane

6.70.2

(9.8)

6.8

6.80.2

+0.0
0.05

Apparent emitting point

3.00.4
Index mark for No.1 pin
on reverse side

Outline

Pin number (1)

(2)

(3)

(4) (5)

Reference plane

0.74=2.8
3.30.2

34

(0.25)
(Lead frame)
2.550.2

Appearance and Outline

Pa cka g e No .

PKG07
Appearance

Part No.

..

HULT273
HULT276

The shape, dimensions, etc. shown in the appearance diagram are for reference only. Detailed information will be provided
through consultations with individual customers. Please contact the nearest sales office for further information.

Unit : mm
(0.3max)

(2.8)

Reference plane

(3.2)
(3.4)
4.50.2
Pin number

(9) (8) (7) (6) (5) (4) (3) (2) (1)

Reference plane

Apparent emitting point

(0.25)
(Lead frame)

(0.78)

(0.58=4.0)

(0.50)

Apparent emitting point(DVD)

(11.8)

(2.8)

(5.0)

+0.1
0.2

8.5

(0.11)

(3.0)

(DVD)

Apparent emitting point(CD)

Apparent emitting point

(0.1max)

Reference
plane

(CD)

(9.5)

8.8 +0.1
0.2

Outline

(2.16)

(10)(11)(12)(13) (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)

(2.6)

(0.52)
(1.22)

(1.33)

(2.55)

35

Caution for Using Laser Diodes


(1) A laser beam is harmful to human eyes. Never look at active laser directly or through lens.
(2) Caution must be exercised in preventing electrostatic damage while handling the laser diode. To ensure human
grounding (via 1 M ), use a conductive mat on the floor, conductive sole shoes, conductive containers, etc. Always
ground the tip of solder iron.
(3) Laser diode can be damaged by abnormal pulses from nearby equipment. For example, fluorescent lamps should
never be turned on/off near laser diodes.
(4) Never exceed the absolute maximum rated values. It is especially important not to exceed the absolute maximum
output even momentarily.
(5) Check the transition characteristics of the entire driving circuit including the power supply. Take appropriate
measures to avoid events such as spike current generated when the power switch is turned on/off which may
exceed the laser diode's maximum rating.
(6) We recommend keeping the actual design targets below 2/3 the maximum ratings.
(7) Appropriate protective circuitry must be provided in each laser circuit.
(8) Attention must be paid to providing adequate means for heat dissipation. A copper plate of 50 mm 50 mm 2 mm
or similar heat dissipation device of adequate dissipation should be used as a heat sink.

The following warning labels are used to indicate the danger of laser beams.

Laser beam
not to look at or touch a laser beam.

400 mW

Maximum output
Class 3B

!
DANGER

Laser products

Caution for Safety


Do not touch or look at a laser beam directly.
It is in danger of a injury to eyesight or outer skin in the
worst case.

36

Pub. No.A00035FE

Laser Diode/Hologram Unit


for Optical Disk
October 1, 2008 6th Edition
Issued by
Panasonic Corporation

Panasonic Corporation 2001-2008

6$/(62)),&(6
 1257+$0(5,&$
z86$6DOHV2IILFH
3DQDVRQLF,QGXVWULDO&RPSDQ\
>3,&@
y6DQ'LHJR2IILFH
0XUSK\&DQ\RQ5RDG6XLWH6DQ'LHJR&DOLIRUQLD
86$
7HO)D[
y1HZ-HUVH\2IILFH
3DQDVRQLF:D\6HFDXFXV1HZ-HUVH\86$
y&KLFDJR2IILFH
7ROOYLHZ5RDG5ROOLQJ0HDGRZV,OOLQRLV86$
y6DQ-RVH2IILFH
*DWHZD\3ODFH6XLWH6DQ-RVH&DOLIRUQLD
86$
z&DQDGD6DOHV2IILFH
3DQDVRQLF&DQDGD,QF
>3&,@
$PEOHU'ULYH0LVVLVVDXJD2QWDULR/:7&DQDGD
7HO)D[

 /$7,1$0(5,&$
z0H[LFR6DOHV2IILFH
3DQDVRQLFGH0H[LFR6$GH&9
>3$1$0(;@
$PRUHV&RO'HO9DOOH'HOHJDFLRQ%HQLWR-XDUH]&3
0H[LFR')0H[LFR
7HO)D[
y*XDGDODMDUD2IILFH
6XFXUVDO*XDGDUDMDUD$Y/D]DUR&DUGHQDV/RFDO*
3OD]D&RPHUFLDO$EDVWRV&RO/DV7RUUHV*XDGDODMDUD-DO
0H[LFR
7HO)D[
z%UD]LO6DOHV2IILFH
3DQDVRQLFGR%UDVLO/WGD
>3$1$%5$6@
&DL[D3RVWDO6DR-RVHGRV&DPSRV(VWDGRGH6DR3DXOR
%UDVLO
7HO)D[

 (8523(
z(XURSH6DOHV2IILFH
3DQDVRQLF,QGXVWULDO(XURSH*PE+
y*HUPDQ\6DOHV2IILFH
+DQV3LQVHO6WUDVVH+DDU*HUPDQ\
7HO)D[

>3,(@

 $6,$
z6LQJDSRUH6DOHV2IILFH
3DQDVRQLF6HPLFRQGXFWRU6DOHV$VLD
>36&6$@
%HDFK5RDGWKH&RQFRXUVH6LQJDSRUHWKH
5HSXEOLFRI6LQJDSRUH
7HO)D[
z0DOD\VLD6DOHV2IILFH
3DQDVRQLF,QGXVWULDO&RPSDQ\ 0 6GQ%KG
>3,&0@
y+HDG2IILFH
WK)ORRU0HQDUD,*%0LG9DOOH\&LW\/LQJNDUDQ6\HG
3XWUD.XDOD/XPSXU0DOD\VLD
7HO)D[
y3HQDQJ2IILFH
6XLWHWK)ORRU0:(3OD]D
1R/HEXK)DUTXKDU3HQDQJ0DOD\VLD
7HO)D[
y-RKRU6DOHV2IILFH
0HQDUD3HODQJL6XLWH$WK)ORRU1R-DODQ.XQLQJ7DPDQ
3HODQJL-RKRU%DKUX-RKRU0DOD\VLD
7HO)D[

z7KDLODQG6DOHV2IILFH
3DQDVRQLF,QGXVWULDO 7KDLODQG /WG
>3,&7@
0XDQJ7KDL3KDWUD&RPSOH[%XLOGLQJVW)ORRU
5DFKDGDSKLVHN5RDG+XD\NZDQJ%DQJNRN7KDLODQG
7HOWR)D[WR
z3KLOLSSLQHV6DOHV2IILFH
3DQDVRQLF,QGXVWULDO$VLD37(/WG 3KLOLSSLQHV 
>3,$3@
/DJXQD%RXOHYDUG%R'RQ-RVH/DJXQD7HFKQRSDUN6DQWD
5RVD/DJXQDWKH3KLOLSSLQHV
7HO)D[
z&KLQD6DOHV2IILFH
3DQDVRQLF6HPLFRQGXFWRU6DOHV &KLQD 
>36&6&+@
y%HLMLQJ6DOHV2IILFH
3DQDVRQLF&RUSRUDWLRQRI&KLQD
WK)ORRU7RZHU&+HTLDR%XLGLQJ1R$*XDQJKXD5RDG
&KDR\DQJ'LVWULFW%HLMLQJ&KLQD
7HO)D[
y7LDQMLQ6DOHV2IILFH
3DQDVRQLF,QGXVWULDO &KLQD &R/WG7LDQMLQ%UDQFK
5RRP1R7LDQMLQ,QWHUQDWLRQDO%XLOGLQJ1DQMLQJ5RDG
+HSLQJ'LVWULFW7LDQMLQ&KLQD
7HOWR)D[
y'DOLDQ6DOHV2IILFH
3DQDVRQLF&RUSRUDWLRQRI&KLQD'DOLDQ%UDQFK
WK)ORRU;LZDQJ7RZHU0Q<JQPIUJCP4QCF
<JQPIUJCP'LVWULFW'DOLDQ&KLQD
7HOWR)D[
y3DQDVRQLF,QGXVWULDO &KLQD &R/WG
6HPLFRQGXFWRU*URXS
WK)ORRU&KLQD,QVXUDQFH%XLOGLQJ(DVW5RDG
/XMLD]XL3XGRQJ1HZ'LVWULFW6KDQJKDL&KLQD
7HO)D[
y3DQDVRQLF6+,QGXVWULDO6DOHV 6KHQ]KHQ &R/WG
6HPLFRQGXFWRU*URXS
)XWLDQ%UDQFKWK)ORRU([FHOOHQFH7LPHV6TXDUH
<LWLDQ5RDG)XWLDQ'LVWULFW6KHQ]KHQ&KLQD
7HO)D[
z+RQJ.RQJ6DOHV2IILFH
3DQDVRQLF6HPLFRQGXFWRU6DOHV &KLQD 
>36&6&+@
y3DQDVRQLF6KXQ+LQJ,QGXVWULDO6DOHV +RQJ.RQJ &R/WG
6HPLFRQGXFWRU*URXS
UG)ORRU2IILFH7RZHU/DQJKDP3ODFH$UJ\OH6WUHHW
0RQJNRN.RZORRQ+RQJ.RQJ
7HO)D[
z7DLZDQ6DOHV2IILFH
3DQDVRQLF,QGXVWULDO6DOHV 7DLZDQ &R/WG
>3,67@
y+HDG2IILFH
WK)ORRU1R6RQJ*DR5G7DLSHL7DLZDQ
7HO)D[
y6RXWKHUQ2IILFH
5RRP%WK)ORRU1R<RQJGDWK5G<RQJNDQJ&LW\
7DLQDQ7DLZDQ
7HO)D[
z.RUHD6DOHV2IILFH
3DQDVRQLF,QGXVWULDO.RUHD&R/WG
>3,./@
&6TXDUH%XLOGLQJWK)ORRUJD
7DHS\HRQJQR-XQJJX6HRXO.RUHD
7HO)D[

6HPLFRQGXFWRU&RPSDQ\3DQDVRQLF&RUSRUDWLRQ
1DJDRNDN\R.\RWR-DSDQ
7HO


KWWSSDQDVRQLFQHWVFHQ

3ULQWHGLQ-DSDQ

You might also like