Chapter5 MC Quiz

2/12/2015
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CampbellBiology:Chapter5TestPreparation
1. Humansandmicedifferbecause
A)theircellshavedifferentsmallorganicmolecules.
B)theircellsmakedifferenttypesoflargebiologicalmolecules.
C)theircellsmakedifferenttypesoflipids.
D)theircellshavesomedifferencesinthesequenceofnucleotidesintheirnucleicacids.
E)theircellsmakedifferenttypesofproteins.
Answer:D
2. Moleculeswithwhichfunctionalgroupsmayformpolymersviadehydrationreactions?
A)hydroxylgroups
B)carbonylgroups
C)carboxylgroups
D)eithercarbonylorcarboxylgroups
E)eitherhydroxylorcarboxylgroups
Answer:E
3. Whichofthesemoleculesisnotformedbydehydrationreactions?
A)fattyacids
B)disaccharides
C)DNA
D)protein
E)amylose
Answer:A
4. )Inanimalmetabolism,mostofthemonomersreleasedbydigestionoffoodmacromolecules
aremetabolizedtoprovideenergy.Onlyasmallportionofthesemonomersareusedfor
synthesisofnewmacromolecules.Thenetresultisthat
A)waterisgeneratedbyanimalmetabolism.
B)waterisconsumedbyanimalmetabolism.
C)thewaterconsumedisexactlybalancedbythewatergenerated,tomaintainhomeostasis.
D)waterisconsumedduringhomeostasis,butwaterisgeneratedduringperiodsofgrowth.
E)waterisgeneratedduringhomeostasis,butwaterisconsumedduringperiodsofgrowth.
Answer:B
5. Whichoftheseclassesofbiologicalmoleculesconsistofbothsmallmoleculesand
macromolecularpolymers?
A)lipids
B)carbohydrates
C)proteins
D)nucleicacids
E)lipids,carbohydrates,proteins,andnucleicacidsallconsistofonlymacromolecular
polymers
Answer:B
6. Whichofthefollowingisnotapolymer?
A)glucose
B)starch
C)cellulose
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D)chitin
E)DNA
Answer:A
7. Whatisthechemicalreactionmechanismbywhichcellsmakepolymersfrommonomers?
A)phosphodiesterlinkages
B)hydrolysis
C)dehydrationreactions
D)ionicbondingofmonomers
E)theformationofdisulfidebridgesbetweenmonomers
Answer:C
8. Howmanymoleculesofwaterareneededtocompletelyhydrolyzeapolymerthatis11
monomerslong?
A)12
B)11
C)10
D)9
E)8
Answer:C
9. Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizestherelationshipbetweendehydrationreactionsand
hydrolysis?
A)Dehydrationreactionsassemblepolymers,andhydrolysisreactionsbreakdown
polymers.
B)Dehydrationreactionseliminatewaterfromlipidmembranes,andhydrolysismakeslipid
membraneswaterpermeable.
C)Dehydrationreactionscanoccuronlyafterhydrolysis.
D)Hydrolysiscreatesmonomers,anddehydrationreactionsbreakdownpolymers.
E)Dehydrationreactionsionizewatermoleculesandaddhydroxylgroupstopolymers
hydrolysisreactionsreleasehydroxylgroupsfrompolymers.
Answer:A
10. Whichofthefollowingpolymerscontainnitrogen?
A)starch
B)glycogen
C)cellulose
D)chitin
E)amylopectin
Answer:D
11. ThemolecularformulaforglucoseisCH2O.Whatwouldbethemolecularformulafora
moleculemadebylinkingthreeglucosemoleculestogetherbydehydrationreactions?
A)CHO
B)CHO
C)CHO
D)C1HO
E)CHO
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Answer:B
12. Theenzymeamylasecanbreakglycosidiclinkagesbetweenglucosemonomersonlyifthe
monomersaretheform.Whichofthefollowingcouldamylasebreakdown?
A)glycogen
B)cellulose
C)chitin
D)glycogenandchitinonly
E)glycogen,cellulose,andchitin
Answer:A
13. Onfoodpackages,towhatdoestheterminsolublefiberrefer?
A)cellulose
B)polypeptides
C)starch
D)amylopectin
E)chitin
Answer:A
14. AmoleculewiththechemicalformulaCHOisprobablya
A)carbohydrate.
B)lipid.
C)monosaccharide
D)carbohydrateandlipidonly.
E)carbohydrateandmonosaccharideonly.
Answer:E
15. Lactose,asugarinmilk,iscomposedofoneglucosemoleculejoinedbyaglycosidiclinkage
toonegalactosemolecule.Howislactoseclassified?
A)asapentose
B)asahexose
C)asamonosaccharide
D)asadisaccharide
E)asapolysaccharide
Answer:D
16. Allofthefollowingarepolysaccharidesexcept
A)lactose.
B)glycogen.
C)chitin.
D)cellulose.
E)amylopectin.
Answer:A
17. ofthefollowingistrueofbothstarchandcellulose?
A)Theyarebothpolymersofglucose.
B)Theyarecistransisomersofeachother.
C)Theycanbothbedigestedbyhumans.
D)Theyarebothusedforenergystorageinplants.
E)Theyarebothstructuralcomponentsoftheplantcellwall.
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Answer:A
18. Whichofthefollowingistrueofcellulose?
A)Itisapolymercomposedofenantiomersofglucose.
B)Itisastoragepolysaccharideforenergyinplantcells.
C)Itisdigestiblebybacteriainthehumangut.
D)Itisamajorstructuralcomponentofplantcellwalls.
E)Itisapolymercomposedofenantiomersofglucose,itisastoragepolysaccharidefor
energyinplantcells,itisdigestiblebybacteriainthehumangut,anditisamajor
structuralcomponentofplantcellwalls.
Answer:D
19. Humanscandigeststarchbutnotcellulosebecause
A)themonomerofstarchisglucose,whilethemonomerofcelluloseisgalactose.
B)humanshaveenzymesthatcanhydrolyzetheglycosidiclinkagesofstarchbutnotthe
glycosidiclinkagesofcellulose.
C)humanshaveenzymesthatcanhydrolyzetheglycosidiclinkagesofstarchbutnotthe
glycosidiclinkagesofcellulose.
D)humansharborstarchdigestingbacteriainthedigestivetract.
E)themonomerofstarchisglucose,whilethemonomerofcelluloseisglucosewitha
nitrogencontaininggroup.
Answer:C
20. Whichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningsaturatedfatsisnottrue?
A)Theyaremorecommoninanimalsthaninplants.
B)Theyhavemultipledoublebondsinthecarbonchainsoftheirfattyacids.
C)Theygenerallysolidifyatroomtemperature.
D)Theycontainmorehydrogenthanunsaturatedfatshavingthesamenumberofcarbon
atoms.
E)Theyareoneofseveralfactorsthatcontributetoatherosclerosis.
Answer:B
21. AmoleculewiththeformulaCH3Oisprobablya
A)carbohydrate.
B)fattyacid.
C)protein.
D)nucleicacid.
E)hydrocarbon.
Answer:B
22. Whichofthefollowingstatementsistruefortheclassofbiologicalmoleculesknownas
lipids?
A)Theyareinsolubleinwater.
B)Theyaremadefromglycerol,fattyacids,andphosphate.
C)Theycontainlessenergythanproteinsandcarbohydrates.
D)Theyaremadebydehydrationreactions.
E)Theycontainnitrogen.
Answer:A
23. Thelabelonacontainerofmargarinelists"hydrogenatedvegetableoil"asthemajor
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ingredient.Whatistheresultofaddinghydrogenstovegetableoil?
A)Thehydrogenatedvegetableoilhasalowermeltingpoint.
B)Thehydrogenatedvegetableoilstayssolidatroomtemperature.
C)Thehydrogenatedvegetableoilhasmore"kinks"inthefattyacidchains.
D)Thehydrogenatedvegetableoilhasfewertransfattyacids.
E)Thehydrogenatedvegetableoilislesslikelytoclogarteries.
Answer:B
24. Whichofthefollowingistrueregardingsaturatedfattyacids?
A)Theyarethepredominantfattyacidincornoil.
B)Theyhavedoublebondsbetweencarbonatomsofthefattyacids.
C)Theyaretheprincipalmoleculesinlardandbutter.
D)Theyareusuallyliquidatroomtemperature.
E)Theyareusuallyproducedbyplants.
Answer:C
25. Largeorganicmoleculesareusuallyassembledbypolymerizationofafewkindsofsimple
subunits.Whichofthefollowingisanexceptiontothisstatement?
A)asteroid
B)cellulose
C)DNA
D)anenzyme
E)acontractileprotein
Answer:A
26. Whichmodificationsoffattyacidswillbestkeeptriglyceridessolidatwarmer
temperatures?
A)creatingcisdoublebondstothefattyacids
B)addinghydrogenstothefattyacids
C)creatingtransdoublebondstothefattyacids
D)addinghydrogensandtransdoublebondstothefattyacids
E)addingcisdoublebondsandtransdoublebondstothefattyacids
Answer:D
27. Whyarehumansexhormonesconsideredtobelipids?
A)Theyareessentialcomponentsofcellmembranes.
B)Theyarenotsolubleinwater.
C)Theyaremadeoffattyacids.
D)Theyarehydrophiliccompounds.
E)Theycontributetoatherosclerosis.
Answer:B
28. Allofthefollowingcontainaminoacidsexcept
A)hemoglobin.
B)cholesterol.
C)antibodies.
D)enzymes.
E)insulin.
Answer:B
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29. )Thebondingoftwoaminoacidmoleculestoformalargermoleculerequires
A)thereleaseofawatermolecule.
B)thereleaseofacarbondioxidemolecule.
C)theadditionofanitrogenatom.
D)theadditionofawatermolecule.
E)thereleaseofanitrousoxidemolecule.
Answer:A
30. Thereare20differentaminoacids.Whatmakesoneaminoaciddifferentfromanother?
A)differentsidechains(Rgroups)attachedtoacarboxylcarbon
B)differentsidechains(Rgroups)attachedtotheaminogroups
C)differentsidechains(Rgroups)attachedtoancarbon
D)differentstructuralandopticalisomers
E)differentasymmetriccarbons
Answer:C
31. Thebondingoftwoaminoacidmoleculestoformalargermoleculerequireswhichofthe
following?
A)removalofawatermolecule
B)additionofawatermolecule
C)formationofaglycosidicbond
D)formationofahydrogenbond
E)bothremovalofawatermoleculeandformationofahydrogenbond
Answer:A
32. )Polysaccharides,triacylglycerides,andproteinsaresimilarinthatthey
A)aresynthesizedfrommonomersbytheprocessofhydrolysis.
B)aresynthesizedfromsubunitsbydehydrationreactions.
C)aresynthesizedasaresultofpeptidebondformationbetweenmonomers.
D)aredecomposedintotheirsubunitsbydehydrationreactions.
E)allcontainnitrogenintheirmonomerbuildingblocks.
Answer:B
33. Dehydrationreactionsareusedinformingwhichofthefollowingcompounds?
A)triacylglycerides
B)polysaccharides
C)proteins
D)triacylglyceridesandproteinsonly
E)triacylglycerides,polysaccharides,andproteins
Answer:E
34. Uponchemicalanalysis,aparticularpolypeptidewasfoundtocontain100aminoacids.
Howmanypeptidebondsarepresentinthisprotein?
A)101
B)100
C)99
D)98
E)97
Answer:C
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35. Whataspectsofproteinstructurearestabilizedorassistedbyhydrogenbonds?
A)primarystructure
B)secondarystructure
C)tertiarystructure
D)quaternarystructure
E)secondary,tertiary,andquaternarystructures,butnotprimarystructure
Answer:E
36. Howmanydifferentkindsofpolypeptides,eachcomposedof12aminoacids,couldbe
synthesizedusingthe20commonaminoacids?
A)4
B)12
C)240
D)20
E)20
Answer:E
37. Whichbondsarecreatedduringtheformationoftheprimarystructureofaprotein?
A)peptidebonds
B)hydrogenbonds
C)disulfidebonds
D)phosphodiesterbonds
E)peptidebonds,hydrogenbonds,anddisulfidebonds
Answer:A
38. Whatmaintainsthesecondarystructureofaprotein?
A)peptidebonds
B)hydrogenbondsbetweentheaminogroupofonepeptidebondandthecarboxylgroupof
anotherpeptidebond
C)disulfidebonds
D)hydrophobicinteractions
E)hydrogenbondsbetweentheRgroups
Answer:B
39. Whichtypeofinteractionstabilizesthehelixandthepleatedsheetstructuresof
proteins?
A)hydrophobicinteractions
B)disulfidebonds
C)ionicbonds
D)hydrogenbonds
E)peptidebonds
Answer:D
40. Whichlevelofproteinstructuredothehelixandthepleatedsheetrepresent?
A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)quaternary
E)primary,secondary,tertiary,andquaternary
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Answer:B
41. Theaminoacidsoftheproteinkeratinarearrangedpredominantlyinanhelix.This
secondarystructureisstabilizedby
A)covalentbonds.
B)peptidebonds.
C)ionicbonds.
D)polarbonds.
E)hydrogenbonds.
Answer:E
42. Thetertiarystructureofaproteinisthe
A)bondingtogetherofseveralpolypeptidechainsbyweakbonds.
B)orderinwhichaminoacidsarejoinedinapolypeptidechain.
C)uniquethreedimensionalshapeofthefullyfoldedpolypeptide.
D)organizationofapolypeptidechainintoanhelixorpleatedsheet.
E)overallproteinstructureresultingfromtheaggregationoftwoormorepolypeptide
subunits.
Answer:C
43. Whattypeofcovalentbondbetweenaminoacidsidechains(Rgroups)functionsin
maintainingapolypeptide'sspecificthreedimensionalshape?
A)ionicbond
B)hydrophobicinteraction
C)vanderWaalsinteraction
D)disulfidebond
E)hydrogenbond
Answer:D
44. Atwhichlevelofproteinstructureareinteractionsbetweenthesidechains(Rgroups)most
important?
A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)quaternary
E)alloftheabove
Answer:C
45. TheRgrouporsidechainoftheaminoacidserineisCHOH.TheRgrouporsidechain
oftheaminoacidleucineisCHCH(CH).Wherewouldyouexpecttofindtheseamino
acidsinaglobularproteininaqueoussolution?
A)Serinewouldbeintheinterior,andleucinewouldbeontheexterioroftheglobular
protein.
B)Leucinewouldbeintheinterior,andserinewouldbeontheexterioroftheglobular
protein.
C)Bothserineandleucinewouldbeintheinterioroftheglobularprotein.
D)Bothserineandleucinewouldbeontheexterioroftheglobularprotein.
E)Bothserineandleucinewouldbeintheinteriorandontheexterioroftheglobular
protein.
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Answer:B
46. Misfoldingofpolypeptidesisaseriousproblemincells.Whichofthefollowingdiseasesare
associatedwithanaccumulationofmisfoldedpolypeptides?
A)Alzheimer'sonly
B)Parkinson'sonly
C)diabetesmellitusonly
D)Alzheimer'sandParkinson'sonly
E)Alzheimer's,Parkinson's,anddiabetesmellitus
Answer:D
47. Changingasingleaminoacidinaproteinconsistingof325aminoacidswould
A)altertheprimarystructureoftheprotein,butnotitstertiarystructureorfunction.
B)causethetertiarystructureoftheproteintounfold.
C)alwaysalterthebiologicalactivityorfunctionoftheprotein.
D)alwaysaltertheprimarystructureoftheproteinanddisruptitsbiologicalactivity.
E)alwaysaltertheprimarystructureoftheprotein,sometimesalterthetertiarystructure
oftheprotein,andaffectitsbiologicalactivity.
Answer:E
48. Normalhemoglobinisatetramer,consistingoftwomoleculesofhemoglobinandtwo
moleculesofhemoglobin.Insicklecelldisease,asaresultofasingleaminoacidchange,
themutanthemoglobintetramersassociatewitheachotherandassembleintolargefibers.
Basedonthisinformationalone,wecanconcludethatsicklecellhemoglobinexhibits
A)alteredprimarystructure.
B)alteredsecondarystructure.
C)alteredtertiarystructure.
D)alteredquaternarystructure.
E)alteredprimarystructureandalteredquaternarystructurethesecondaryandtertiary
structuresmayormaynotbealtered.
Answer:E
49. Whatmethodsmaybeusedtoelucidatethestructuresofpurifiedproteins?
A)Xraycrystallography
B)bioinformatics
C)analysisofaminoacidsequenceofsmallfragments
D)NMRspectroscopy
E)bothXraycrystallographyandNMRspectroscopy
Answer:E
50. Inanormalcellularprotein,wherewouldyouexpecttofindahydrophobicaminoacidlike
valine?
A)intheinteriorofthefoldedprotein,awayfromwater
B)ontheexteriorsurfaceoftheprotein,interactingwithwater
C)inthetransmembraneportioninteractingwithlipidfattyacidchains
D)intheinteriorofthefoldedprotein,awayfromwater,orinatransmembraneportion
interactingwithlipidfattyacidchains
E)anywhereintheprotein,withequalprobability
Answer:D
51. ofthefollowingtechniquesusestheaminoacidsequencesofpolypeptidestopredicta
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protein'sthreedimensionalstructure?
A)Xraycrystallography
B)bioinformatics
C)analysisofaminoacidsequenceofsmallfragments
D)NMRspectroscopy
E)highspeedcentrifugation
Answer:B
52. IfcellsaregrowninamediumcontainingradioactiveS,whichofthesemoleculeswillbe
labeled?
A)phospholipids
B)nucleicacids
C)proteins
D)amylose
E)bothproteinsandnucleicacids
Answer:C
53. Whatisthetermusedforaproteinmoleculethatassistsintheproperfoldingofother
proteins?
A)tertiaryprotein
B)chaperonin
C)enzymeprotein
D)renaturingprotein
E)denaturingprotein
Answer:B
54. DNAaseisanenzymethatcatalyzesthehydrolysisofthecovalentbondsthatjoin
nucleotidestogether.WhatwouldfirsthappentoDNAmoleculestreatedwithDNAase?
A)Thetwostrandsofthedoublehelixwouldseparate.
B)Thephosphodiesterbondsbetweendeoxyribosesugarswouldbebroken.
C)Thepurineswouldbeseparatedfromthedeoxyribosesugars.
D)Thepyrimidineswouldbeseparatedfromthedeoxyribosesugars.
E)Allbaseswouldbeseparatedfromthedeoxyribosesugars.
Answer:B
55. Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthe5'endofapolynucleotidestrandofDNAis
correct?
A)The5'endhasahydroxylgroupattachedtothenumber5carbonofribose.
B)The5'endhasaphosphategroupattachedtothenumber5carbonofribose.
C)The5'endhasphosphateattachedtothenumber5carbonofthenitrogenousbase.
D)The5'endhasacarboxylgroupattachedtothenumber5carbonofribose.
E)The5'endisthefifthpositionononeofthenitrogenousbases.
Answer:B
56. OneoftheprimaryfunctionsofRNAmoleculesisto
A)transmitgeneticinformationtooffspring.
B)functioninthesynthesisofproteins.
C)makeacopyofitself,thusensuringgeneticcontinuity.
D)actasapatternorblueprinttoformDNA.
E)formthegenesofhigherorganisms.
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Answer:B
57. IfClabeleduridinetriphosphateisaddedtothegrowthmediumofcells,what
macromoleculeswillbelabeled?
A)phospholipids
B)DNA
C)RNA
D)bothDNAandRNA
E)proteins
Answer:C
58. Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsbestfitstheclassofmoleculesknownasnucleotides?
A)anitrogenousbaseandaphosphategroup
B)anitrogenousbaseandapentosesugar
C)anitrogenousbase,aphosphategroup,andapentosesugar
D)aphosphategroupandanadenineoruracil
E)apentosesugarandapurineorpyrimidine
Answer:C
59. Whichofthefollowingarenitrogenousbasesofthepyrimidinetype?
A)guanineandadenine
B)cytosineanduracil
C)thymineandguanine
D)riboseanddeoxyribose
E)adenineandthymine
Answer:B
60. Whichofthefollowingarenitrogenousbasesofthepurinetype?
A)cytosineandguanine
B)guanineandadenine
C)adenineandthymine
D)thymineanduracil
E)uracilandcytosine
Answer:B
61. IfaDNAsamplewerecomposedof10%thymine,whatwouldbethepercentageof
guanine?
A)10
B)20
C)40
D)80
E)impossibletotellfromtheinformationgiven
Answer:C
62. AdoublestrandedDNAmoleculecontainsatotalof120purinesand120pyrimidines.This
DNAmoleculecouldbecomposedof
A)120adenineand120uracilmolecules.
B)120thymineand120adeninemolecules.
C)120cytosineand120thyminemolecules.
D)120adenineand120cytosinemolecules.
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E)120guanineand120thyminemolecules.
Answer:B
63. ThedifferencebetweenthesugarinDNAandthesugarinRNAisthatthesugarinDNA
A)isasixcarbonsugarandthesugarinRNAisafivecarbonsugar.
B)canformadoublestrandedmolecule.
C)isanaldehydesugarandthesugarinRNAisaketosugar.
D)isintheconfigurationandthesugarinRNAisintheconfiguration.
E)containsonelessoxygenatom.
Answer:E
64. WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestsummarizesthedifferencesbetweenDNAandRNA?
A)DNAencodeshereditaryinformation,whereasRNAdoesnot.
B)ThebasesinDNAformbasepairedduplexes,whereasthebasesinRNAdonot.
C)DNAnucleotidescontainadifferentsugarthanRNAnucleotides.
D)DNAcontainsthebaseuracil,whereasRNAcontainsthebasethymine.
E)DNAencodeshereditaryinformation,whereasRNAdoesnotthebasesinDNAform
basepairedduplexes,whereasthebasesinRNAdonotandDNAnucleotidescontaina
differentsugarthanRNAnucleotides.
Answer:C
65. IfonestrandofaDNAmoleculehasthesequenceofbases5'ATTGCA3',theother
complementarystrandwouldhavethesequence
A)5'TAACGT3'.
B)5'TGCAAT3'.
C)5'UAACGU3'.
D)3'UAACGU5'.
E)5'UGCAAU3'.
Answer:B
66. WhatisthestructuralfeaturethatallowsDNAtoreplicate?
A)sugarphosphatebackbone
B)complementarypairingofthenitrogenousbases
C)disulfidebonding(bridging)ofthetwohelixes
D)twistingofthemoleculetoformanhelix
E)threecomponentstructureofthenucleotides
Answer:B
67. AneworganismisdiscoveredintheforestsofCostaRica.Scientiststheredeterminethat
thepolypeptidesequenceofhemoglobinfromtheneworganismhas72aminoacid
differencesfromhumans,65differencesfromagibbon,49differencesfromarat,and5
differencesfromafrog.Thesedatasuggestthattheneworganism
A)ismorecloselyrelatedtohumansthantofrogs.
B)ismorecloselyrelatedtofrogsthantohumans.
C)evolvedataboutthesametimeasfrogs,whichismuchearlierthanprimatesand
mammals.
D)ismorecloselyrelatedtohumansthantorats.
E)ismorecloselyrelatedtofrogsthantohumansandalsoevolvedataboutthesametime
asfrogs,whichismuchearlierthanprimatesandmammals.
Answer:B
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68. Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofhydrolysis?
A)thereactionoftwomonosaccharides,formingadisaccharidewiththereleaseofwater
B)thesynthesisoftwoaminoacids,formingapeptidewiththereleaseofwater
C)thereactionofafat,formingglycerolandfattyacidswiththereleaseofwater
D)thereactionofafat,formingglycerolandfattyacidswiththeconsumptionofwater
E)thesynthesisofanucleotidefromaphosphate,apentosesugar,andanitrogenousbase
withtheproductionofamoleculeofwater
Answer:D
69. IfcellsaregrowninamediumcontainingradioactivePlabeledphosphate,whichofthese
moleculeswillbelabeled?
A)phospholipids
B)nucleicacids
C)proteins
D)amylose
E)bothphospholipidsandnucleicacids
Answer:E
70. IfcellsaregrowninamediumcontainingradioactiveN,whichofthesemoleculeswillbe
labeled?
A)fattyacidsonly
B)nucleicacidsonly
C)proteinsonly
D)amylaseonly
E)bothproteinsandnucleicacids
Answer:E
71. Howwillbriefheating(to95C)affectmacromolecularstructuresinaqueoussolution?
A)DNAduplexeswillunwindandseparate.
B)Proteinswillunfold(denature).
C)Starchwillhydrolyzeintomonomericsugars.
D)Proteinswillhydrolyzeintoaminoacids.
E)DNAduplexeswillunwindandseparate,andproteinswillunfold(denature).
Answer:E
72. Whichofthefollowingisnotamonomer/polymerpairing?
A)monosaccharide/polysaccharide
B)aminoacid/protein
C)triglyceride/phospholipidbilayer
D)deoxyribonucleotide/DNA
E)ribonucleotide/RNA
Answer:C
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73.
IftwomoleculesofthegeneraltypeshowninFigure5.1werelinkedtogether,carbon1of
onemoleculetocarbon4oftheother,thesinglemoleculethatwouldresultwouldbe
A)maltose.
B)fructose.
C)glucose.
D)galactose.
E)sucrose.
Answer:A
74.
WhichofthefollowingdescriptorsistrueofthemoleculeshowninFigure5.1?
A)hexose
B)fructose
C)glucose
D)hexoseandfructoseonly
E)hexoseandglucoseonly
Answer:E
75.
WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueregardingthemoleculeillustratedinFigure5.2?
A)Itisasaturatedfattyacid.
B)Adietrichinthismoleculemaycontributetoatherosclerosis.
C)Moleculesofthistypeareusuallyliquidatroomtemperature.
D)Itisasaturatedfattyacidandadietrichinthismoleculemaycontributeto
atherosclerosis.
E)Itisasaturatedfattyacid,adietrichinthismoleculemaycontributetoatherosclerosis,
andmoleculesofthistypeareusuallyliquidatroomtemperature.
Answer:D
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76.
WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueregardingthemoleculeillustratedinFigure5.3?
A)Itisasaturatedfattyacid.
B)Adietrichinthismoleculemaycontributetoatherosclerosis.
C)Moleculesofthistypeareusuallyliquidatroomtemperature.
D)Itisasaturatedfattyacidandadietrichinthismoleculemaycontributeto
atherosclerosis.
E)Itisasaturatedfattyacid,adietrichinthismoleculemaycontributetoatherosclerosis,
andmoleculesofthistypeareusuallyliquidatroomtemperature.
Answer:C
77.
ThemoleculeshowninFigure5.3isa
A)polysaccharide.
B)polypeptide.
C)saturatedfattyacid.
D)triacylglycerol.
E)unsaturatedfattyacid.
Answer:E
78.
WhatisthestructureshowninFigure5.4?
A)pentosemolecule
B)fattyacidmolecule
C)steroidmolecule
D)oligosaccharidemolecule
E)phospholipidmolecule
Answer:C
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79.
Whichofthefollowingstatementsis/aretrueregardingthechemicalreactionillustratedin
Figure5.5?
A)Itisahydrolysisreaction.
B)Itresultsinapeptidebond.
C)Itjoinstwofattyacidstogether.
D)Itisahydrolysisreactionanditresultsinapeptidebond.
E)Itisahydrolysisreaction,itresultsinapeptidebond,anditjoinstwofattyacids
together.
Answer:B
80.
Atwhichbondwouldwaterneedtobeaddedtoachievehydrolysisofthepeptide,backtoits
componentaminoacid?
A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E
Answer:C
81.
Whichbondisapeptidebond?
A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E
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Answer:C
82.
Whichbondisclosesttotheaminoterminusofthemolecule?
A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E
Answer:A
83.
ThestructuredepictedinFigure5.7showsthe
A)14linkageoftheglucosemonomersofstarch.
B)14linkageoftheglucosemonomersofcellulose.
C)doublehelicalstructureofaDNAmolecule.
D)helixsecondarystructureofapolypeptide.
E)pleatedsheetsecondarystructureofapolypeptide.
Answer:D
84.
Whichmoleculehasbothhydrophilicandhydrophobicpropertiesandwouldbefoundin
plasmamembranes?
A)1
B)5
C)6
D)12
E)14
Answer:B
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85. [SEEIMAGEFORCARD#84]
Whichofthefollowingcombinationscouldbelinkedtogethertoformanucleotide?
A)1,2,and11
B)3,7,and8
C)5,9,and10
D)11,12,and13
E)12,14,and15
Answer:D
Whichofthefollowingmoleculescontain(s)analdehydetypeofcarbonylfunctionalgroup?
A)1
B)4
C)8
D)10
E)1and4
Answer:E
Whichmoleculeisglycerol?
A)1
B)6
C)10
D)14
E)15
Answer:C
Whichmoleculeisasaturatedfattyacid?
A)1
B)5
C)6
D)8
E)9
Answer:E
Whichofthefollowingmoleculesisapurinetypeofnitrogenousbase?
A)2
B)3
C)5
D)12
E)13
Answer:E
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Whichofthefollowingmoleculesactasbuildingblocks(monomers)ofpolypeptides?
A)1,4,and6
B)2,7,and8
C)7,8,and13
D)11,12,and13
E)12,13,and15
Answer:B
ofthefollowingmoleculesisanaminoacidwithahydrophobicRgrouporsidechain?
A)3
B)7
C)8
D)12
E)13
Answer:B
Whichofthefollowingmoleculescouldbejoinedtogetherbyapeptidebondasaresultofa
dehydrationreaction?
A)2and3
B)3and7
C)7and8
D)8and9
E)12and13
Answer:C
Afat(ortriacylglycerol)wouldbeformedasaresultofadehydrationreactionbetween
A)onemoleculeof9andthreemoleculesof10.
B)threemoleculesof9andonemoleculeof10.
C)onemoleculeof5andthreemoleculesof9.
D)threemoleculesof5andonemoleculeof9.
E)onemoleculeof5andthreemoleculesof10.
Answer:B
Whichofthefollowingmoleculescouldbejoinedtogetherbyaphosphodiestertypeof
covalentbond?
A)3and4
B)3and8
C)6and15
D)11and12
E)11and13
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Answer:D
WhichofthefollowingmoleculesisthepentosesugarfoundinRNA?
A)1
B)4
C)6
D)12
E)13
Answer:D
Whichofthefollowingmoleculescontainsaglycosidiclinkagetypeofcovalentbond?
A)4
B)6
C)12
D)13
E)15
Answer:E
Whichofthefollowingmoleculeshasafunctionalgroupthatfrequentlyformscovalent
bondsthatmaintainthetertiarystructureofaprotein?
A)2
B)3
C)7
D)8
E)9
Answer:A
Whichofthefollowingmoleculesconsistsofahydrophilic"head"regionandahydrophobic
"tail"region?
A)2
B)5
C)7
D)9
E)11
Answer:B
Whichofthefollowingstatementsisfalse?
A)Molecules1and4couldbejoinedtogetherbyaglycosidiclinkagetoforma
disaccharide.
B)Molecules9and10couldbejoinedtogetherbyesterbondstoformatriacylglycerol.
C)Molecules2and7couldbejoinedtogethertoformashortpeptide.
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D)Molecules2,7,and8couldbejoinedtogethertoformashortpeptide.
E)Molecules14and15couldbejoinedtogethertoformapolypeptide.
Answer:E
100. Approximately32differentmonomericcarbohydratesubunitsarefoundinvariousnatural
polysaccharides.Proteinsarecomposedof20differentaminoacids.DNAandRNAareeach
synthesizedfromfournucleotides.
Amongthesebiologicalpolymers,whichhastheleaststructuralvariety?
A)polysaccharides
B)proteins
C)DNA
D)RNA
Answer:C
101. Whichclassofbiologicalpolymerhasthegreatestfunctionalvariety?
A)polysaccharides
B)proteins
C)DNA
D)RNA
Answer:B
102. ProfessorJameyMarthattheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,identified70
moleculesthatareusedtobuildcellularmacromoleculesandstructures.Theseincludeat
least34saccharides,8nucleosides,and20aminoacids.Intheory,then,whichclassof
biologicalpolymerhasthegreatestinformationcodingcapacity?
A)polysaccharides
B)proteins
C)DNA
D)RNA
Answer:A
103. Whichofthefollowingcategoriesincludesallothersinthelist?
A)monosaccharide
B)disaccharide
C)starch
D)carbohydrate
E)polysaccharide
Answer:D
104. Theenzymeamylasecanbreakglycosidiclinkagesbetweenglucosemonomersonlyifthe
monomersareintheform.Whichofthefollowingcouldamylasebreakdown?
A)glycogen,starch,andamylopectin
B)glycogenandcellulose
C)celluloseandchitin
D)starchandchitin
E)starch,amylopectin,andcellulose
Answer:A
105. Whichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningunsaturatedfatsistrue?
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A)Theyaremorecommoninanimalsthaninplants.
B)Theyhavedoublebondsinthecarbonchainsoftheirfattyacids.
C)Theygenerallysolidifyatroomtemperature.
D)Theycontainmorehydrogenthandosaturatedfatshavingthesamenumberofcarbon
atoms.
E)Theyhavefewerfattyacidmoleculesperfatmolecule.
Answer:B
106. Thestructurallevelofaproteinleastaffectedbyadisruptioninhydrogenbondingisthe
A)primarylevel.
B)secondarylevel.
C)tertiarylevel.
D)quaternarylevel.
E)Allstructurallevelsareequallyaffected.
Answer:A
107. EnzymesthatbreakdownDNAcatalyzethehydrolysisofthecovalentbondsthatjoin
nucleotidestogether.WhatwouldhappentoDNAmoleculestreatedwiththeseenzymes?
A)Thetwostrandsofthedoublehelixwouldseparate.
B)Thephosphodiesterlinkagesofthepolynucleotidebackbonewouldbebroken.
C)Thepurineswouldbeseparatedfromthedeoxyribosesugars.
D)Thepyrimidineswouldbeseparatedfromthedeoxyribosesugars.
E)Allbaseswouldbeseparatedfromthedeoxyribosesugars.
Answer:B
108. ThemolecularformulaforglucoseisCHO.Whatwouldbethemolecularformulafora
polymermadebylinkingtenglucosemoleculestogetherbydehydrationreactions?
A)CHO
B)CHO
C)CHO
D)CHO
E)CHO
Answer:C
109. Whichofthefollowingpairsofbasesequencescouldformashortstretchofanormal
doublehelixofDNA?
A)5'purinepyrimidinepurinepyrimidine3'with3'purinepyrimidinepurine
pyrimidine5'
B)5'AGCT3'with5'TCGA3'
C)5'GCGC3'with5'TATA3'
D)5'ATGC3'with5'GCAT3'
E)Allofthesepairsarecorrect.
Answer:D
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