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Madagascar Periwinkle Full Monograph
Madagascar Periwinkle Full Monograph
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MADAGASCAR PERIWINKLE
AlsoKnownAs:
CapePeriwinkle,Catharanthe,Catharanthus,ChangChuHua,ChurchFlower,
Magdalena,Myrtle,OldMaid,Periwinkle,PervenchedeMadagascar,Pervenche
Rose,RamGoatRose,Ratanjot,RedPeriwinkle,RoseAmre,Vinca,
VincapervincadeMadagascar.
CAUTION:SeeseparatelistingsforPeriwinkleandMyrtle.
ScientificName:
Catharanthusroseus,synonymsVincarosea,Lochnerarosea,Ammocallisrosea.
Family:Apocynaceae.
PeopleUseThisFor:
Orally,Madagascarperiwinkleisusedfordiabetes,cancer,asacoughremedy,for
easinglungcongestion,throatinflammation,andasadiuretic.
Topically,itisusedasahemostatic,forinsectbites,waspstings,eyeirritation,
infection,andinflammation.
Safety:
LIKELYUNSAFE...whentheplantorrootareusedorally.Madagascarperiwinkle
containsvincaalkaloidswhichcancausedeath(6).
Thereisinsufficientreliableinformationavailableaboutthesafetyofthetopicaluse
ofMadagascarperiwinkle.
PREGNANCY:LIKELYUNSAFE...whenusedorallybecauseithasabortifacient
andteratogenicproperties(19).
LACTATION:LIKELYUNSAFE...whenusedorally(6)avoidusing.
Effectiveness:
Thereisinsufficientreliableinformationavailableabouttheeffectivenessof
Madagascarperiwinkle.
MechanismofAction:
TheapplicablepartsofMadagascarperiwinklearetheabovegroundparts.The
vincaalkaloids,vincristineandvinblastine,blockcellmitosis,have
immunosuppressiveeffects,andinhighconcentrations,exerteffectsonnucleicacid
andproteinsynthesis(6,15).Theconstituent,catharanthine,demonstratesdiuretic
properties(6).Hypotensiveconstituents,reserpineandalstonine,havealsobeen
isolatedfromMadagascarperiwinkleroot(6).Theconstituent,ajmalicine,may
improvecerebralbloodflowithasbeencombinedwithrauwolfiaalkaloidsfor
treatinghighbloodpressure(6).Concentratedextractsarereportedtolowerblood
glucose(6),butstudiesbyonepharmaceuticalcompanyfoundtheplanthadnoeffect
onbloodglucoselevels(6).
AdverseReactions:
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Orally,theplantisanhallucinogen,andhascausedseizures,GIupset,
hepatotoxicity,andalopecia(17).AdverseeffectsofVincaalkaloidsincludenausea,
vomiting,alopecia,dizziness,nystagmus,vertigo,hearingimpairment,leukopenia,
thrombocytopenia,bleeding,hyperuricemia,neurotoxicity,andpossiblydeath(6,15).
InteractionswithHerbs&Supplements:
Noneknown.
InteractionswithDrugs:
ANTIDIABETESDRUGS
InteractionRating=ModerateBecautiouswiththiscombination.
Severity=ModerateOccurrence=PossibleLevelofEvidence=D
Madagascarperiwinklemaycausehypoglycemia(6,19)monitorbloodglucose
controlclosely.
LITHIUM
InteractionRating=ModerateBecautiouswiththiscombination.
Severity=ModerateOccurrence=ProbableLevelofEvidence=D
Madagascarperiwinkleisthoughttohavediureticproperties.Theoretically,dueto
thesepotentialdiureticeffects,Madagascarperiwinklemightreduceexcretionand
increaselevelsoflithium.Thedoseoflithiummightneedtobedecreased.
InteractionswithFoods:
Noneknown.
InteractionswithLabTests:
BLOODGLUCOSE:Madagascarperiwinklemaylowerbloodglucose.Thereis
conflictinginformationaboutpossiblehypoglycemicactivity(6,19).
InteractionswithDiseasesorConditions:
DIABETES:Madagascarperiwinklemaycausehypoglycemia(6,19).
SURGERY:Madagascarperiwinklemightaffectbloodglucoselevels.
Theoretically,Madagascarperiwinklemightinterferewithbloodglucosecontrol
duringandaftersurgicalprocedures.TellpatientstodiscontinueMadagascar
periwinkleatleast2weeksbeforeelectivesurgicalprocedures.
Dosage/Administration:
Notypicaldosage.
Editor'sComments:
Madagascarperiwinkleisconsideredlikelyunsafeavoid,duetopresenceoftoxic
vincaalkaloids.Thevincaalkaloids,vinblastineandvincristine,isolatedfrom
Madagascarperiwinkle,areFDAapprovedforuseaschemotherapeuticagentsto
treatcancers,includingHodgkin'sdisease,leukemia,Kaposi'ssarcoma,malignant
lymphomas,mycosisfungoidesneuroblastoma,andWilm'stumor(6).
Thismonographwaslastreviewedon12/24/2012andlastupdatedon12/24/2012.Monographsare
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