Joj:yflksf ;+;b ;lrjfno

Joj:yflksf ;+;b ejg

lgdf{0f :yfg rog ;DaGwL

k|f/lDes
cWoog k|ltj]bg
1

k|i7e"dL M
l;+xb/af/ kl/;/ o; If]qsf] u'?of]hgfdf Joj:yflksf ;+;b
ejgsf] nflu !%! /f]kgL hUuf l;+xb/af/ pQ/k"jL{ efudf_
Joj:yf ug]{ u/L g]kfn ;/sf/ d+= k af6 @)%%.@.#! df
lg0f{o ePsf] 5 .
l;+xb/af/ l:yt /f0ffsfnLg ;+;b ejg xfnsf] Joj:yflksf ;
+;bsf] nflu ckof{Kt / pko'Qm gePsf] sf/0fn] xfn jfg]Zj/ l:yt
cGt/fli6o ;ef ;d]ng s]Gb| ejgdf ;+rfngdf /x]sf] cj:yf 5 .
Joj:yflksf ;+;b ejg lgdf{0fsf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
cy{ dGqLHo"af6 :yfg rog ug{sf] nflu lgb]{zg ePsf] 5 .
pQm :yfg rogsf] nflu lgDg cg';f/sf] kbflwsf/L /x]sf] ;ldlt
u7g ePsf] 5 .
>Ldfg\ dxf ;lrj Ho",
Joj:yflksf ;+;b ;lrjfno

;+of]hs

>Ldfg\ ;lrj Ho",

sfg"g, Gofo tyf ;+;bLo Joj:yf dGqfno
;b:o
>Ldfg\ ;lrj Ho",
zx/L ljsf; dGqfno

;b:o

>Ldfg\ ;lrj Ho",

e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfno

;b:o

>Ldfg\ ;lrj Ho",

Joj:yflksf ;+;b ;lrjfno

;b:o ;lrj

p2]Zo M
Joj:yflksf ;+;b ejg lgdf{0fsf] nflu ;+efljt :yfg rog ug]
{.
cWoog If]q M
2

!= l;+xb/af/ kl/;/leq pQ/ k"jL{ efu -d+=k= af6 @)%

%.@.#! df lgo{0f ePsf] hUuf_
@= lqk'/]Zj/ l:yt s]lGb|o sf/fuf/, eb| tyf dlxnf sf/fuf/,
kz' :jf:Yo ;]jf, 3/]n', vfg]kfgL ;+:yfgsf] s]lGb|o
sfof{no, 6]nLsd / lq=lj= sfof{no cflb /x]sf] kl/;/
#= >L dxn, xfn 8f]nL8f/ ;d]t /x]sf] kl;/ .
$= xl/x/ ejg xfn dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u ;d]t /x]sf] kl/;/
%= aa/dxn c/lgsf] /fhdfu{ blIf0f ;/sf/L sfof{no /x]sf]
kl/;/ .
^= gf/fo0flx6L kl/;/ .
pNn]lvt ;+efljt If]qx?sf] :ynut cjnf]sg, j]j;fO6sf]
cWoog / ;fO6 gS;fx?nfO? cfwf/dfgL ul/Psf] cWoogsf]
cfwf/df lgDg cg';f/ If]qut cj:yfsf] ljj/0f ;lxt ;'emfj k]z
ub{5f}+ .

!_ l;+xb/jf/ kl/;/leq Joj:yflksf ;+;bsf] nflu hUuf

l;+xb/af/ kl/;/leq o; If]qsf] :jLs[t u'?of]hgfdf Joj:yflksf ;+;b
ejgsf] nflu !%! /f]kgL hUuf -l;+xb/af/sf] pQ/k"jL{ efudf_
Joj:yf ug]{ u/L g]kfn ;/sf/ d+=k= af6 @)%%.@.#! df
lg0f{o ePsf] 5 . o; If]qdf xfn g]kfn ;]gf tkm{sf] clx[bdg
u0f / Jof08 u'Nd sfo{/t 5g\ . o; If]qleq b'O{j6f /f0ffsflng
ejg, Psj6f tLg tNn] cf/=l;=l;= :6Sr/sf] ejg, kfFrj6f
b'O{ tNn] nf]8 Jol/\u :6Sr/ ejg s/Lj #& j6f ! tNn] 6x/f
ejg /x]sf] 5 . o; kl/;/df ;+;b ejg lgdf{0fsf] nflu hUuf
kof{Kt x'g] b]lvG5 .
;+nUg gS;fM )!
cg';"rL (A)
@_ lqk'/]Zj/ l:yt s]Gb|Lo sf/fuf/, eb|, tyf dlxnf
sf/fuf/, kz' :jf:Yo ;]jf, 3/]n', vfg]kfgL ;+:yfgsf] s]Gb|
Lo sfof{no g]kfn 6]nLsd / lq=lj=sfof{no cflb /x]sf]
kl/;/ M
s/La !*^ /f]kgL If]qkmndf km}lnPsf] s]Gb||Lo
sf/fuf/ ;d]tsf] If]qdf, s]lGb|o sf/fuf/sf] dfqsf] s/La $$ /f]kgL
3

hUuf /x]sf] 5 . o; kl/;/df pBf]u ljefu To; cGtu{tsf

sfof{nox?, 3/]n' ljefu / To; cGtu{tsf sfof{nox?, kz' :jf:Yo
lgb]{zgfno, lrlsT;fno / o; cGtu{tsf sfof{nox?, sf7df08f}
pkTosf vfg]kfgL ln= s]GbL|o sfof{no, g]kfn 6]nLsdsf
sfof{nox?, g]kfnL ;]gfsf] u0f cflbsf 7"nf ;fgf u/L (( j6f
ejgx? /x]sf 5g\ .
o; If]qsf] !*^ /f]kgL hUuf pknJw ug{ ;Sg] cj:yfdf o;
kl/;/df ;+;b ejg lgdf{0f ug{ hUuf kof{Kt b]lvG5 .
o;f] ug{ To; If]qdf /x]sf sf/fuf/ ;lxt ljleGg lgsfox?
nfO{ cGo pko'Qm :yfgdf :yfgfGt/0f ug'{kg]{ x'G5 .
;+nUg gS;fM )@
cg';"rL (B)
#_ >Ldxnsf] kl/;/ M
>L dxn, kl/;/ s/Lj #^ /f]kgL If]qkmndf km}lnPsf] 5 .
o; If]qdf ljleGg 7"nf ;fgf u/L !@ j6f ejg /x]sf 5g . of] ejg
k'/fg]f /f0ffsfnLg ePsf] / c? Frame Structure sf gofF ejgx? /x]sf
5g\ .
o; kl/;/df ;+;b ejg lgdf{0fsf] nflu hUuf ck{ofKt x'g]
b]lvG5 .

;+nUg gS;fM )#
cg';"rL (C)
$_ xl/x/ ejg -xfn dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u ;d]t_ /x]sf] kl/;/
M
xl/x/ ejg kl/;/ s/La #& /f]kgL If]qkmndf km}lnPsf] 5 .
o; If]qdf lghfdlt lstfa vfgf, dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u nufotsf
sfof{nox? /x]sf] 7"nf ;fgf u/L ^ j6f ejgx? /x]sf 5g\ . o;
kl/;/sf d'Vo ejgx? /f0ffsflng ;dosf k'/fgf / lh0f{ cj:yfdf
/x]sf 5g\ . ;+;b ejgsf] k|f/lDes l8hfO{g cg';f/ s/Lj !%)
/f]kgL If]qkmn cfjZos kg]{ b]lvPsf]n] of] If]q ;+;b ejgsf]
nflu ckof{Kt b]lvG5 .
4

 ;+nUg gS;f M )$
cg';"rL

(D)

%_ aa/dxn c/gLsf] /fhdfu{ blIf0f ;/sf/L sfof{nox?

/x]sf] If]q M
aa/dxn c/lgsf] /fhdfu{sf] blIf0f tkm{ ljleGg ;/sf/L
sfof{nox?, cfGtl/s /fhZj sfof{no, ag ljefu / cGt/utsf
lgsfox?, cf}iflw Joj:yf lnld6]8 cflb lgsfox?n] k|of]u u/L
cfPsf] kl/;/ s/Lj !#$ /f]kgL If]qkmn /x]sf] 5 .
o; kl/;/sf] hUufsf] cfsf/ gldn]sf], w]/} ;+Vofdf ljefuLo
ejgx? /x]sf] / /fhdfu{ ;+u w]/} glhs /x]sf] x'Fbf Joj:yflksf ;
+;b ejg lgdf{0f ugsf] nflu pQm kl/;/ pko'Qm x'g]
gb]lvPsf] .
;+nUg gS;f M %
^_ gf/fo0flx6L kl/;/ M
gf/fo0flx6L kl/;/sf] P]ltxf+l;s, k'/ftfTjLs dxTj /x]sf] /
/fHon] o; kl/;/nfO{ P]ltxfFl;s ;+u|fxno If]qsf] ?kdf k|
of]udf cfPsf] / pQm kl/;/nfO{ ko{6sLo dxTjsf] ?kdf ljsf;
ug]{ p2]Zo /x] cg'?k gf/fo0flx6L ;+u|fxnosf] ?kdf ljsf;
e}/x]sf] 5 .
gf/fo0flx6L kl/;/df ;+;b
ug{ pko'Qm x'g] b]lvb}g .

ejgnfO{

:yfg

Joj:yf

;+nUg gS;f g+= )^

lgisz{
pkf/f]Qm ^ j6f ;+efljt :yfgx?sf] cWoogaf6 hUufsf]
If]qkmn, hUufsf] cfsf/ / :yfgfGt/0f ug'{kg]{ lgsfosf] ;
+VofnfO{ ;d]t b[li6ut ubf{ -!_ l;+xb/af/ kl/;/leq
5'6\ofO{Psf] l;+xb/af/ pQ/k"jL{ efudf cjl:yt hUuf cGo
:yfsf] bfFhf]df ;+;b ejg lgdf{0fsf] nflu pko'Qm b]lvg
cfpF5 .

ldlt M @)&@ .)(.@@

Jaggabebastha-Pratibedan072-09-22

cg';"rL