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  • 3.euler's Theorem

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    Shubham
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    1) Euler's theorem states that if z is a homogeneous function of degree n in variables x and y, then the partial derivatives of z with respect to x and y sum to nz. 2) If z is homogeneous of degree n in x and y, then the second order partial derivatives of z satisfy an identity involving n. 3) If z is homogeneous of degree n in x and y and can be written as a function of u=xy, then the partial derivatives of u satisfy certain relationships.

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    3.Euler's Theorem th

    Original Title

    3.Euler's Theorem

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    1) Euler's theorem states that if z is a homogeneous function of degree n in variables x and y, then the partial derivatives of z with respect to x and y sum to nz. 2) If z is homogeneous of degree n in x and y, then the second order partial derivatives of z satisfy an identity involving n. 3) If z is homogeneous of degree n in x and y and can be written as a function of u=xy, then the partial derivatives of u satisfy certain relationships.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Flag for inappropriate content
    2K views5 pages

    3.euler's Theorem

    Uploaded by

    Shubham
    1) Euler's theorem states that if z is a homogeneous function of degree n in variables x and y, then the partial derivatives of z with respect to x and y sum to nz. 2) If z is homogeneous of degree n in x and y, then the second order partial derivatives of z satisfy an identity involving n. 3) If z is homogeneous of degree n in x and y and can be written as a function of u=xy, then the partial derivatives of u satisfy certain relationships.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Partial Derivatives

    Eulers Theorem

    Eulers Theorem:
    For two variables:
    If z=f(x,y) is homogenous function degree n then

    x + y=nz
    Proof:
    Since z is homogenous function of degree

    z=f(x,y)= f()

    x +y =nz

    z=f(x,y)= f()

    (
    )
    (
    )+f(
    )

    x = y () + f()

    = y ()+nz

    (i)


    =
    ()

    y = y ()

    (ii)
    1

    Theory

    Partial Derivatives

    Eulers Theorem

    Theory

    (i)+ (ii)

    x + y =nz

    Colloraly no. 1:
    If z is homogenous function of degree n then z is
    homogenous function in x and y in degree n then

    2xy +


    =n(n-1)z

    Since homogenous function of degree n by Eulers theorem

    x + y =nz (i)
    Differentiate (i) w.r.t. x

    + + y = n

    +xy+x. =nx

    (ii)

    Differentiate (ii) w.r.t. y


    x + y + = n

    xy + + y = ny.
    2

    (iii)

    Partial Derivatives

    Eulers Theorem

    Theory

    (ii)+(iii)

    + xy +

    + { +

    }=n{ +

    +2xy+ + = znz
    =nz(n1)

    Colloraly no. 2:
    If z is homogenous function in x and y of degree and
    z=f(u) then

    ()

    x + y = ()

    since z is homogenous function of degree n by Eulers


    theorem,

    +y

    = nz =nf(u)

    but z= f(u)
    z u xy

    = .

    (i)

    Partial Derivatives

    Eulers Theorem

    =
    (u).

    Theory

    (ii)

    =
    (u).

    (iii)

    Put (ii) & (iii) in equation (i)

    x{ (). }+y{ (). }=nf(u)

    ()

    x + y = ()

    Colloraly 3:
    z is homogenous function in x and y of degree and
    z=f(u) then

    + xy +

    Where g(u)=


    =g(u)(

    () )

    ()
    ()

    Since z is homogenous function of degree and z=f(u) by


    collorly no. 2

    + y =
    4

    ()
    ()

    =g(u)

    (i)

    Partial Derivatives

    Eulers Theorem

    Theory

    Differentiate (i) w.r.t. x


    + + y = ().
    Multiply by x

    ( )
    +

    y
    =
    .x

    (ii)

    differentiate (i) w.r.t y


    x +

    + y = ()y

    (iii)

    (ii) + (iii)

    = () {

    +{

    + }

    + }

    + + = ()g(u)g(u)
    =g(u)( () )

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