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Collection of Three Suttas in Three Languages by MR and Mrs Premawardane PDF
Collection of Three Suttas in Three Languages by MR and Mrs Premawardane PDF
smZb<d`Ds`s!
.
p<NYAn<emA`dnAv
gAl`el`, ak`mFmn vfs>
kFr~tfpAl k=mAreg` pfyANn`
aBAvp&Ap`t vF vsr 25 k` spfern ad,
mFx vsr 9 kx epr aBAvp&Ap`t v>
mAt=pAlf k=mAreg` m{Nfyn` d,
vsr 8 kx epr aBAvp&Ap`t v>
gAmfNF nfhAl` smrsf^h (elAk=b{NA) mhtA d
a[t=HE pv<el` mfy gfy sfyHE QAtFn` sfhfpt` krmfn`,
ov<n`x pfn` an<emA`dn` krn< pfNfs,
z>vr[n`, b{NAvr[n` sh m<n<p<r[ mfnfpfrfyn` vfsfn`
DAr~mfk Dn prftYAgeyn`
emm Dr~m g&$Ty enAmfel` pfrfnmn< l[ebZ.
emm udAr Dr~mdAnAn<BAv bleyn`
at`pt` krgn`nA k=sl Vk`tfy,
E` sfyHEm QAtFn`x ssr s<gtf s^KYAt smZpt` at`vF
nfvn` s<v pfNfsm eh`t= evZvA!
vAsnA evZvA!
vfeV`S s`t=tfy
Dr~m dAny sHdhA g&$Tyk` sks` kr edn els
ap vfsfn` krn ld il`lFm prfdf, itA oZn{kmfn` hA
st=xn
f ` Em kAr~yy ix< kr z<n` apeg` hft mft&
vF.vF. ep&`mvr~Dn sh dyA ep&`mvr~Dn yn edpLx
apeg` hRdy^gm s`t=tfy pL krn atr,
emm p<NY kr~m Vk`tfy ov<n`x ct=rAr~y
stY Dr~my avebA`Dy pfNfs eh`t= evZvAyf
itsftfn` p&Ar~TnA krn`enm<.
klx evZlAvx emm epAt m<z&Ny krz<n`
m<z&NAlyADfptf t=mA a[t=HE kAr~y mN`wlyx d,
apeg` s`t=tfy p<d krn atr,
emZ sHdhA upkAr kL sfyHE ednAxm
pfn` an<emA`dn` krm<..
k=mAreg` pv<elhf sAmAjfk, sAmAjfkAevA`.
.
epr vdn
gRh jFvfty sAr~Tkv gt kfrFmx avVY uped`VAt`mk Dr~m kr[N< a[t=Lt`
s>t& rAVfyk` tf&pfxkey` dk`nx l[ebZ. E` s>t& at=rfn` ebAehA` ugt=n`eg` vfms<mx
lk`vn`en` m^gl, prABv, vYg`Gpj~j sh sfgAelA`vAd yn s>t&yn`y. m^gl
s>t&ey` emelAv dfy<N<vx eh`t= vn, apAy mAr~gy ah<rn kr[N< an`tr~gt vn
atr prABv s>t&ey` edelAvm pfrfhFmx eh`t= vn kr[N< a[t=Lt` evZ. b<z<rjANn`
vhn`es`egn` emelAv dfy<N<vx eh`t= vn m^gl kr[N< 38 k` d[ngt` dfvY p<t&yAx
ps< dfn gATA 12 kfn` un`vhn`es` vdAeL` emelAvt` prelAvt` pfrfhFmx eh`t= vn
kr[N< 23 kf. dFGjAn< ekA`lfy p<t&yA b<z<rz<n` evt ELM p[vs<evZ ps`kmZ s<v
vfHdfn, Eeht` krdr kmZkexAl<vlfn` pFwA vfHdfn tmn`x emelAv dfy<N<vx eh`t= vn
dhmk` ed`VnA krn elsyf. emm il`lFm pfLfgt` un`vhn`es` kr[N< 8 kfn`
smn`vft vYg`Gpj~j s>t&y ed`VnA kL es`k. BAgYvt` b<z<rjANn` vhn`es`
sfgAlk nmZ tr[NyAx cArft& ehvt` sfrft` nmfn` hHz<n`vn kLy<t= ehAHd ed`
(y<t=kmZ) sh vArft& ehvt` vfrft` nmfn` hHz<n`vn enAkL y<t= ed` ehLf krmfn` gfhf
vfny nmfn` d hHz<n`vn sfgAelA`vAd s>t&y ed`VnA kL es`k.
emm s>t& a[s<rfn` st=x sdn ebAz<mg nmfn` emm Dr~m g&$Ty sks` kL
vF. vF. ep&`mvr~Dn sh dyA ep&`mvr~Dn y<vL b<d`D Dr~my t=Lfn` ld mAnsfk shny
sh dhmZ rsy vfHdfmfn` Dr~m g&$T sks` kr sehA`dr jntAv atr ebdA edmfn`
krn es`vy p&V^snFyyf. mFx epr d m^gl, rtn, krNFy emt`t, DmZm
ck`kp`pvt`tn, Djg`g sh mhA stfpxZXAn yn s>t& pAlf, sf^hl, i^gF&sf yn
BASA t=enn`m sks` ekAx ebdA edn ldF. emm Dr~m dAnmy st`kArey` tvt`
idfrf pfyvrkf, st=x sdn ebAz<mg nmfn` ELf dk`vn emm agnA Dr~m g&$Ty.
jFvftey` s[Hd{ smey` sbZb dAn^ DmZm dAn^ jfnAtf yn b<z< vdnx an<gtv
emv[nf st`kAr~yyn`hf eyedn ob edpLx t=n<r[vn` st= s<vfsf g=N bleyn`
kAyfk hA mAnsfk s<vyt` dFr~GAy<St` p&Ar~TnA krmf.
cfr^ tfxZXt= elAks`mf^, smZmA smZb<d`DsAsn^!
k[nwAevZ exAerAn`exA` mhA vfhArvAsF,
dhmZ pAsel` p&DAnAcAr~y,
aDYApnevZdF p>jY uw<pfhfl`el` vfmlb<d`Df s`vAmFn` vhn`es`.
read or heard about Buddhism say it is a pessimistic religion. Some others have
tried to show that this teaching meant or relevant only for monks and nuns who
have renounced the worldly life. Further they say ordinary lay people could not
follow or practise Buddhas Teaching and come to conclusions that Buddhism is
not significant to 21 st century humanity.
These misconcepts that come from a lack of clear understanding of what
Buddha taught are wrong. But when you read and understand what you find in
these suttas you will very quickly dispel any such misinformed views. Very soon
you find these four sermons are very useful and practical guide lines for every day
life, which serve as a foundation for intellectual and ethical development.
All these suttas mentioned here are shining examples that reflects such
criticism is entirely unwarranted. The Buddha had emphasized that without some
degree of economic well being spiritual progress was entirely difficult. He
therefore asked his lay disciples to earn money in a righteous way as much as
possible without being lazy. So try your best to adjust yourself to live according to
these noble principles where you can win every happiness and prosperity in this
world. The Buddha has shown the clear way, we just only need to follow all these
guide lines and practise of which brings immediate results.
The main intention of this task is to make the teaching of Buddha more
accessible and easy understood. These four valuable suttas mainly related to code
of discipline are presented in Sinhala and English translations to make more easier
to read and understand and practice with every devotion to achieve prosperity and
happiness in this life and next.
We are so much grateful with all respect to Venerable Udupihille
Wimalabuddhi Thero (B.Ed), the Principal of the Dhamma School of the Toronto
Maha Vihara in Canada, for his sincere and unstinting support. He encouraged us
with necessary guidence and useful suggestions to bring this book to its present
form. We also extend our sincere thanks for his kindness to write a Forward for
this book.
In preparing this book we have been helped as on earlier occasions by our
loving children Pubudu, Asanga, Chamila, and Achala. We thank them for their
kind valuable support and effort in outstanding technical editing. May they all
share this fortune of Merits.
May all beings be happy, healthy and well!
Prepared by - V. V. Premawardena & Daya Premawardena.
4
Ev^ em s<t^:
Ek^ smy^ BgvA sAv#Tfy^ vfhrtf, ejtven anATpfN`wfks`s aArAem. aT
eKA aJ`JtrA edvtA aBfk`kn`tAy rt`tfyA aBfk`kn`tvN`NA ekvlkp`p^
ejtvn^ oBAes#vA eyn BgvA etn<ps^kmf. ups^kmf#vA Bgvn`t^ aBfvAed#vA
Ekmn`t^ axZXAsf. Ekmn`t^ XftA eKA sA edvtA Bgvn`t^ gATAy aj~ODBAsf.
mA vfsfn` emes` asn ldF:
Ek` smeyk`hf BAgYvt=n` vhn`es` s[v[t` n<vr smFpeyhf ej~tvn nmZ v>
aen`pfHw< sfx<h<eg` aArAmeyhf v[w vsn es`k.
Ekl`hf vnAhF, Ek`trA dfvY
p<t&eyk` rAt&feyhf p&Tm yAmy ik`m v> kl`hf yhpt` VrFr vr~Neyn` y<t=v sfyl<
ej~tvny bb<l<vA, BAgYvt=n` vhn`es` ymZ t[enk`hf d, Et[nx ELMfey`y. ELM,
BAgYvt=n` vhn`es`x nms`kAr ekAx Ekt`pesk sfxfey`y. Ekt`pesk sfxf Em
dfvY p<t&yA BAgYvt=n` vhn`es`x gATAvkfn` emes` kr[N< s[L keL`y.
Thus, have I heard:
On one occassion The Blessed One was dwelling at the monastery of
Anathapindika, in Jethas Grove, near Savatthi. Now, when the night was far
advanced, a certain deity, whose surpassing splendour illuminated the entire Jetha
Grove came into the presence of the Blessed One and drawing near, respectfully
saluted him, and stood on one side. Standing thus he addressed the Blessed One in
verse.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
dAn^ c
DmZmcrfyA
JAtkAn^
anvj~jAnf
9.
Ev^ em s<t^:
Ek^ smy^ BgvA sAv#Tfy^ vfhrtf ejtven anATpfN`wfks`s aArAem. aT
eKA aJ`JtrA edvtA aBfk`kn`tAy rt`tfyA aBfk`kn`tvN`NA ekvlkp`p^
ejtvn^ oBAes#vA eyn BgvA etn<ps^kmf. ups^kmf#vA Bgvn`t^ aBfvAed#vA
Ekmn`t^ axZXAsf. Ekmn`t^ XftA eKA sA edvtA Bgvn`t^ gATAy aj~ODBAsf:
mA vfsfn` emes` asn ldF:
Ek` smeyk`hf, BAgYvt=n` vhn`es` s[v[t` n<vr smFpeyhf ejtvn nmZ v>
aen`pfHw< mh sfx< vfsfn` krvn ld aArAmeyhf v[w vsn es`k.
ik`bft`etn`
Ek`trA ed`vtAevk` rAt&fey` p&Tm yAmy ik`m<N< kl`hf atfVyfn` menA`Q v> Cvf
vr~N a[t`et` ejtvn vfhAry m<HEl`l bb<HEvA BAgYvt=n` vhn`es` ymZ t[enk`hf d,
Et[nx ELMfey`y.
EL[M, BAgYvt=n` vhn`es`x mnAekAx v[Hd Ekt`pesk
sfxfey`y. Ekt`pesk sfxfyA v> E` edvf etemZ BAgYvt=n` vhn`es`x gATAvkfn`
emes` kr[N< s[L keL`y.
10
prABvn`t^ p<rfs^
- my^ p<cZCAm egAtm^
Bgvn`t^ p<xZX<mAgmZm - kf^ prABvetA m<K^?
ap h[mednm pfrfehn`nA v> p<r[SyA g[n egUtmyn` vhn`es`egn` asA
d[ngn`nA pfNfs vfcArmZh. BAgYvt=n` vhn`es` vfcArn< pfNfs p[mfNfeym<.
st`vyA pfrfehn edArx< kver~d?
Having come here with our questions to the Exalted One, we ask thee, O
Gotama, about man's decline. Pray, tell us the cause of downfall.
2.
3.
4.
5.
nfd`dAsFlF sBAsFlF
- an<xZXAtA c eyA nerA
alesA ekADpJ`JAeNA - t^ prABvetA m<K^.
nftr nfdn s<HT bv, ebAehA` ay smHg nfS`Pl kTAevhf eydFmx k[mtf bv,
vFr~yy enAm[tfkm, als bv, kfepn s<HT bv, yn emZvA pfrfhFmx kr[N<y.
Being fond of sleep, fond of company, indolent, lazy and irritable this is a
cause of ones downfall.
7.
8.
9.
12
ymZ kfsfevk` b&Ah`mNyk= ehA` V&mNyk= ehA` n[tehAt` kfsfvk` il`ln an`
yAckyk= ehA` ebAr[ kfemn` vJ`cA eker~d, Ey edelAvfn`m pfrfhFmx
kArNA evZ.
To deceive by falsehood a brahman or ascetic or any other mendicant - this is
a cause of one's downfall.
11.
12.
ph>tvft`etA p<rfesA
EekA B=J`jtf sAD>nf
- shfrJ`eJA seBAjenA
- t^ prABvetA m<K^.
ebAehA` rn` rfdF m<t= m[Nfk` smZpt` a[tf, ebAehA` khvN< a[tf p<d`gleyk`
enAeyk` s>p vYJ`jneyn` y<k`t mfy<r[ rs a[tf ebAj<n` tm aM<dr[vn`xt`
enA dF tnfvm an<Bv eker~d, Ey prfhAnfyx kArNA evZ.
To have much wealth and ample gold and food, but to enjoy one's luxuries
alone - this is a cause of one's downfall.
13.
13
Thus much do we see: this is the sixth cause of one's downfall. Pray, tell us
the seventh cause.
14.
jAtf#Td`eDA Dn#Td`eDA
sJ`JAtf^ atfmJ`eJtf
ymZ mn<SYeyk` jAtfy krN ekAx egn td mAny a[t`et`, Dny eh`t=
ekAx egn td mAny a[t`et`, egA`t&y eh`t= ekAx egn td mAny a[t`et`,
tmAeg` aveV`S n{yn` yxt` ekAx sftA d, E` sfy n{yn` yxt` ekAx d[kFm
E` st`vyA pfrfhFmx kArNA evZ.
.
To be proud of birth, of wealth or clan, and to despise one's own kinsmen this is a cause of one's downfall.
15.
.
emZ prfhAnf kArNy vdAL prfd`edn`m dnfm.< Ey st`v[nf prfhAnf kArNy
vn`en`y.
BAgYvt=n` vhn`s, axv[nf pfrfehn kArNy vdAL m[nvf.
pfrfhFmx kArNA kver~d?
Thus much do we see: this is the seventh cause of one's downfall. Pray, tell
us the eighth cause.
16.
i#TfD<t`etA s<rAD<t`etA
ld`D^ ld`D^ vfnAestf
ymZ mn<SYeyk` pr s`tF&n` ekerhf elAl` v>ey` d, s<rA bFemhf elAl` v>ey` d,
z>ekLfeyhf elAl` v>ey` d, ld ld ymZ vs`t=vk` vfnAV kryf d, Ey pfrh
f Fmx
kArNA evZ.
To be a rake, a drunkard, a gambler and to squander all one earns - this is a
cause of one's downfall.
17.
14
18.
19.
.
emZ prfhAnf kArNy vdAL prfd`edn`m dnfm.< Ey nvv[nf prfhAnf kArNy
vn`en`y.
BAgYvt=n` vhn`s, dsv[nf pfrfehn kArNy vdAL m[nvf.
pfrfhFmx kArNA kver~d?
Thus much do we see: this is the nineth cause of one's downfall. Pray, tell us
the tenth cause.
20.
21.
mt`sY mA^V s<rAevhf elAl` v> tRS`NA a[tf, E` mA^sAdfy nfsA smZpt` ps`
emn` vfs<r[vn (vfnAV krn) s<l< v> s`t&fyk ehA` tv d, EbHz< v> ehvt` Em
15
s`t&fy v[nf v> p<r[Syk= ehA` BAN`wAgArAdfy bAr dFemn` aDfptf bevhf tbA
d, ehvt` EkF edeyhf nfy<k`t eker~d, Ey pfrfhFmx kArNA evZ.
To place in authority a woman given to drink and squandering, or a man of a
like behaviour - this is a cause of one's downfall.
23.
24.
25.
16
doctrine of love and goodwill between man and man is here set forth in a domestic
and social ethics with more comprehensive detail than else where.
So no other disciplinary rules or social or domestic ethics are required to
train adults and children except what has been taught in this sutta. As such our
earnest desire is that those who are able to understand and appreciate these valuable
instructions given in this sutta, to adopt yourself as a guide to strengthen your
confidence, devotion and practical knowledge for the attainment of ever lasting
Happiness.
Ev^ em s>t^:
Ek^ smy^ BgvA rAjgeh vfhrtf, evHTven kl$dk nfvAep. etn eKA
pn smeyn sfgAlekA ghptfp<t`etA kAls`esv v<xZXAy rAjghA nfk`Kmf#vA
al`lve#TA al`lekesA pJ`jlfekA p<T<d`dfsA nms`stf, p<r#Tfm^ dfs^, dk`KfN^ dfs^,
pcZCfm^ dfs^, ut`tr^ dfs^, ehxZXfm^ dfs^, uprfm^ dfs^.
mA vfsfn` emes` asn ldF:
Ek` kelk BAgYvt=n` vhn`es` rjgh n<vr kln`dk nfvAp nmZ v> evHTvn
vfhAreyhf vAsy krn es`k. Ekl sfHgAlk nmZ gRhptf p<t& etm kl` a[tfvm
n[gfx rjgh n<vrfn` pfxt`v egAs` ett` v> a[Hz<mZ a[tfv, ett` v> hfseks` a[tfv,
a[Hdflf b[Hdegn ebAehA` dfVAvn` nms`kAr krn`en`y, eprdfg dfVAv, dk=N< dfVAv,
bxhfr dfVAv, ut=r[ dfVAv, yx dfVAv, uw dfVAv vVeyn`.
Thus have I heard:
On one occasion the Exalted One was dwelling in the Bamboo Grove, the
Squirrels' Sanctuary, near Rajagaha. Now at that time, young Sigala, a
householder's son, rising early in the morning, departing from Rajagaha, with wet
clothes and wet hair, worshipped with joined hands the various quarters: the East,
the South, the West, the North, the Nadir and the Zenith.
aT eKA BgvA p<bZbN`hsmy^ nfvAes#vA pt`tcFvrmAdAy rAjgh^ pfN`wAy
pAvfsf.
ad`dsA eKA BgvA sfgAlk^ ghptfp<t`t^ kAls`esv v<xZXAy rAjghA
nfk`Kmf#vA al`lv#T^ al`leks^ pJ`jlfk^ p<T<d`dfsA nms`sn`t^, p<r#Tfm^ dfs^,
dk`KfN^ dfs^, pcZCfm^ dfs^, ut`tr^ dfs^, ehxZXfm^ dfs^, uprfm^ dfs^. dfs`vAn
sfgAlk^ ghptfp<t`t^ EtdevAc:
ik`bftf BAgYvt=n` vhn`es` ud{snm h[Hd eprv pA sfv<r[ !egn, rjgh
n<vrx pfHw< pfNfs pfvfsf es`k. Evfx, kl` a[tfvm n[gfx rjgh n<vrfn` nfk`m,
ett` v> a[Hz<mZ a[tfv, ett` v> eks` a[tfv, eprdfg dfVAv, dk=N< dfVAv, bxhfr
dfVAv, ut=r[ dfVAv, yx dfVAv, uw dfVAv vVeyn` ebAehA` dfVAvn`x a[Hdflf b[Hd
nms`kAr krn`nA v> sfgAlk gRhptf p<t&yA z<x< es`k. d[k sfgAlk gRhptf
p<t&yAx emes` kF es`k:
18
Then the Exalted One, having robed himself in the forenoon took bowl and
robe, and entered Rajagaha for alms. At that time, young Sigala, rising early in the
morning, departing from Rajagaha, with wet clothes and wet hair, worshipped with
joined hands the various quarters: the East, the South, the West, the North, the
Nadir and the Zenith. Now He saw young Sigala worshipping thus and spoke to
him as follows:
kfn`n< eKA #v^ ghptfp<t`t, kAls`esv v<xZXAy rAjghA nfk`Kmf#vA
al`lve#TA al`lekesA pJ`jlfekA p<T<d`dfsA nms`ssf, p<r#Tfm^ dfs^, dk`KfN^ dfs^,
pcZCfm^ dfs^, ut`tr^ dfs^, ehxZXfm^ dfs^, uprfm^ dfsn`tf?
gRhptf p<t&y, k=mk` ehyfn` n<M kl` a[tfvm n[gfx rjgh n<vrfn` nfk`m,
ett` v> a[Hz<mZ a[tfv, ett` v> eks` a[tfv, eprdfg dfVAv, dk=N< dfVAv, bxhfr
dfVAv, ut=r[ dfVAv, yx dfVAv, uw dfVAv vVeyn` ebAehA` dfVAvn`x a[Hdflf b[Hd
nms`kAr krn`enhf d?
"Wherefore do you, young householder, rising early in the morning,
departing from Rajagaha, with wet clothes and wet hair, worship, with joined hands
these various quarters: the East, the South, the West, the North, the Nadir and the
Zenith?"
pftA m^ Bn`et, kAl^ kerAn`etA Ev^ avc: dfsA tAt, nms`esyYAsFtf.
esA eKA ah^ Bn`et, pft= vcn^ sk`kerAn`etA gr[kerAn`etA mAenn`etA
p>ejn`etA kAls`esv v<xZXAy rAjghA nfk`Kmf#vA al`lve#TA al`lekesA
pJ`jlfekA p<T<d`dfsA nms`sAmf, p<r#Tfm^ dfs^, dk`KfN^ dfs^, pcZCfm^ dfs^, ut`tr^
dfs^, ehxZXfm^ dfs^, uprfm^ dfsn`tf.
s`vAmFn` vhn`s, mAeg` pfyA m[ern kl mx emes` kFey`y.
dr[v,
dfVAvnx nms`kAr krv.
s`vAmFn` vhn`s, E` mm pfyAeg` vcnyx st`kAr
krn`enmZ, egUrv krn`enmZ, b<h<mn` krn`enmZ, p>jA krn`enmZ, kl` a[tfvm
n[gfx rjgh n<vrfn` nfk`m, ett` v> a[Hz<mZ a[tfv, ett` v> hfseks` a[tfv, a[Hdflf
b[Hdegn eprdfg dfVAv, dk=N< dfVAv, bxhfr dfVAv, ut=r[ dfVAv, yx dfVAv, uw
dfVAv vVeyn` ebAehA` dfVAvn`x nms`kAr krmfyf kFey`y.
"My father, Lord, while dying, said to me: The six quarters, dear son, you
shall worship. And I, Lord, respecting, revering, reverencing and honouring my
father's word, rise early in the morning and leaving Rajagaha, with wet clothes and
wet hair, worship with joined hands, these six quarters, the East, the South, the
West, the North, the Nadir and the Zenith."
n eKA ghptfp<t`t, arfys`s vfney Ev^ CddfsA nms`sftbZbAtf.
gRhptf p<t&y, aAr~y vfneyhf emes` sdfVAevA` enAv[Hdfy y<t`tAh<y
19
"It is not thus, young householder, the six quarters should be worshipped in
the discipline of the noble."
yTA kT^ pn Bn`et, arfys`s vfney Cd`dfsA nms`sftbZbA? sAD< em Bn`et
BhvA tTA DmZm^ edest=, yTA arfys`s vfney Cd`dfsA nms`sftbZbAtf.
s`vAmFn` vhn`s, aAr~y vfneyhf ekes` nmZ sdfVAevA` v[Hdfy y<t`tAh< d?
s`vAmFn` vhn`s, aAr~y vfneyhf sdfVAevA` ymZ prfd`dkfn` v[Hdfy y<t`tAh< d,
Eprfd`edn`` BAgYvt=n` vhn`es` mx Dr~my ed`VnA kL m[nv[yf (kFey`y).
"How then, Lord, should the six quarters be worshipped in the discipline of
the noble? It is well, Lord, if the Exalted One would teach the doctrine to me
showing how the six quarters should be worshipped in the discipline of the noble."
etnhf ghptfp<t`t s<NAhf, sAD<k^ mnsf kerAhf, BAsfs`sAmFtf.
Bn`ettf eKA sfgAelA ghptfp<t`etA BhvetA pcZcs`esAsf.
Ev^
gRhptf p<t&y, Ees` vF nmZ asv. ehAHdfn` sfhfey` tbA gn<v. kfyn`enmf.
Ees`y, s`vAmFn` vhn`s yyf E` sfgAlk gRhptf p<t&yA BAgYvt=n` vhn`es`x
pfLfvdn` z<n`en`y.
"Well, young householder, listen and bear it well in mind. I shall speak."
"Very good, Lord," responded young Sigala.
BgvA EtdevAc:
yetA eKA ghptfp<t`t, arfysAvks`s ct`tAerA kmZmkfelsA phFNA
ehAn`tf, ct+hf XAenhf pApkmZm^ n kerAtf, C c eBAgAn^ apAym<KAnf n esvtf,
esA Ev^ c<d`dspApkApgetA, Cd`dfsApxfcZCAdF, uByelAkvfjyAy pxfpn`enA ehAtf,
ts`s ay^ ecv elAekA aArd`eDA ehAtf perAc elAekA, esA kAys`s eBdA
prmZmrNA s<gtf^ sg`g^ elAk^ uppj`jtf.
BAgYvt=n` vhn`es` emes` vdAL es`k:
gRhptf p<t&y, ymZ klk pxn` ut=mZ V&AvkyA vfsfn` kr~m k`el`V strk`
z<r[ krn ld`ed` d, kr[N< strkfn` pvZ kmZ enAeker~ d, vs`t= vfnAVyx eh`t= v<
kr[N< sy es`vny enAeker~ d, ehetm emes` dAhtrk` v> lAmk gtfvlfn` evn`
v>ey` sy dfVAvn` By n>pdfn es` vsA tbn`enk`v edelAvm jy g[nFm pfNfs
pfLfpdfn`en` evyf. oh< vfsfn` emelAv d dfnn ld`ed` evyf. prelAv d dfnn ld`ed`
evyf. ehetm mrNfn` mt`ethf yhpt` gtf a[tf dfvY elA`keyhf updfn`en`y.
And the Exalted One spoke as follows:
Inasmuch, young householder, as the noble disciple has eradicated the four
vices in conduct, inasmuch as he commits no evil action in four ways, inasmuch as
he pursues not the six channels for dissipating wealth, he thus, avoiding these
20
fourteen evil things, covers the six quarters, and enters the path leading to victory
in both worlds: he is favoured in this world and in the world beyond. Upon the
dissolution of the body, after death, he is born in a happy heavenly realm.
kmZmkfelsA kr~m k`el`V - Vices
ktms`s ct`tAerA kmZmkfelsA phFNA ehAn`tf? pANAtfpAetA eKA
ghptfp<t`t kmZmkfelesA, adfn`nAdAn^ kmZmkfelesA, kAems< mfcZCAcAerA
kmZmkfelesA, m<sAvAedA kmZmkfelesA, ims`s ct`tAerA kmZmkfelsA phFNA
ehAn`tFtf. idmevAc BgvA.
oh< vfsfn` kvr nmZ kr~m k`el`V (apfrfs<z< kf&yA) htrk`` ph krn ld`ed`
evyf d?
What are the four vices in conduct that he has eradicated?
yn stryf. oh< vfsfn` emZ apfrfs<z< kf&yA str ph krn ld`ed` evyf yyf
BAgYvt=n` vhn`es` vdAL es`k.
These are the four vices that he has eradicated. Thus spoke the Exalted One.
id^ v#vA s<getA, aTApr^ EtdevAc s#TA:
pANAtfpAt^ adfn`nAdAn^ m<sAvAedA c v<cZctf
prdArgmnJ`ecv np`ps^sn`tf pN`wftAtf.
s<gt v> VAs`tRRn` vhn`es` emes` vdArA, n[vt emes` d p[vs> es`k:
st=n` m[rFm, esArkmZ kfrFm, kAmeyhf vrdvA h[sfrFm, ebAr[ kFm yyff kfyn<
lbn emZ str pN`wfteyA` p&V^sA enAkrt` yyf.
And when the Master had thus spoken, he spoke yet again:
Killing, stealing, lying and adultery, these four evils the wise never praise.
agtfgmnAnf agtfyx yn pvZkmZ Harmful actions
ktemhf ct+hf XAenhf pApkmZm^ kerAtf? C$dAgtf^ gcZCn`etA pApkmZm^
kerAtf, edAsAgtf^ gcZCn`etA pApkmZm^ kerAtf, emAhAgtf^ gcZCn`etA pApkmZm^
kerAtf, ByAgtf^ gcZCn`etA pApkmZm^ kerAtf.
21
22
23
gRhptf p<t&y, mt`vFmx hA p&mAdyx kr[N< v> mt`p[n` bFemhf n[vt n[vt
eydFemhf emZ edA`S sykf.
There are, young householder, these six evil consequences in indulging in
intoxicants which cause infatuation and heedlessness.
gRhptf p<t&y, mt`vFmx hA p&mAdyx kr[N< v> mt`p[n` bFemhf n[vt n[vt
eydFemhf emZ edA`S sy evZ.
Young householder, these are the six evil consequences in indulging in
intoxicants which cause infatuation and heedlessness.
vfkAlvfsfKAcrfyAdFnvA enAkl`hf vFTf s^cAreyhf aAdFnv Evil consequences in
sauntering in streets at unseemly hours
C eKAem ghptfp<t`t, aAdFnvA vfkAlvfsfKAcrfyAn<eyAeg:
at`tApfs`s
ag=t`etA ark`Kef tA ehAtf, p<t`tdAerApfs`s ag=t`etA ark`KfetA ehAtf,
sApetyYmZpfs`s ag=t`t^ ark`Kft^ ehAtf, s^kfeyA c ehAtf pApeks< XAens<,
aB+tvcn^ c ts`mf^ r{htf, bh>n^c z<k`KDmZmAn^ p<rk`KetA ehAtf. iem eKA
ghptfp<t`t, C aAdFnvA vfkAlvfsfKAcrfyAn<eyAeg.
gRhptf p<t&y, enAkl`hf vFTf s^cAreyhf n[vt n[vt eydFemhf emZ edA`S
sykf.
There are, young householder, these six evil consequences in sauntering in
streets at unseemly hours.
at`tApfs`s ag=t`etA ark`KfetA ehAtf oh<eg` jFvfty d p&evZVmZ enAv>ey`
anArOSft evyf he himself is unprotected and unguarded
p<t`tdAerApfs`s ag=t`etA ark`KfetA ehAtf oh<eg` aM< dr[evA` d p&evZVmZ
enAv>evA` anArOSft evt` - his wife and children are unprotected and
unguarded
sApetyYmZpfs`s ag=t`t^ ark`Kft^ ehAtf oh<eg` vs`t=v d p&evZVmZ
enAv>ey` anArOSft evyf his property is unprotected and unguarded
s^kfeyA c ehAtf pApeks< XAens< - pvfx< v> kArNyn`hf s[k kxy<t`et` d
evyf he is suspected of evil deeds
24
aB+tvcn^ c ts`mf^ r{htf - oh< ekerhf sfz< enAv> kTA d p[n ngF he
is subject to false rumours
bh>n^ c z<k`KDmZmAn^ p<rk`KetA ehAtf - ebAehA` v> z<k` hfrfh[rvlx d
m<h<N pAn`enk` evyf he meets with many troubles
gRhptf p<t&y, enAkl`hf vFTf s^cAreyhf n[vt n[vt eydFemhf emZ edA`S
sy evZ.
Young householder, these are the six evil consequences in sauntering in
streets at unseemly hours.
smj~jABfcrNAdFnvA n[x<mZ pLvl h[sfrFemhf aAdFnv Evil consequences in
frequenting theatrical shows
C eKAem ghptfp<t`t, aAdFnvA smj~jABfcreN: k`v ncZc^, k`v gFt^,
k`v vAdft^, k`v ak`KAn^, k`v pANfs`sr^, k`v k=mZBT>Nn`tf?
iem eKA
ghptfp<t`t, C aAdFnvA smj~jABfcreN.
gRhptf p<t&y, n[x<mZ pLvl h[sfrFemhf emZ edA`S sykf.
There are, young householder, these six evil consequences in frequenting
theatrical shows.
In this he wastes his time. Young householder, these are the six evil
consequences in frequenting theatrical shows.
j>tp`pmAdAdFnvA z> ekLfeyhf eydFemhf aAdFnv Evil consequences in
indulging in gambling
C eKAem ghptfp<t`t, aAdFnvA j>tp`pmAdxZXAnAn<eyAeg:
jy^ evr^
psvtf, jfetA cft`tmn<esActf, s$dfxZXfkA DnJ`jAnf, sBAgts`s vcn^ n r{htf,
mft`tAmcZcAn^ prfB+etA ehAtf, aAvAhvfvAhkAn^ ap#TfetA ehAtf, ak`KD<t`etA ay^
25
iem
eKA
ghptfp<t`t,
aAdFnvA
gRhptf p<t&y, z> ekLfeyhf n[vt n[vt eydFemhf emZ edA`S sykf.
There are, young householder, these six evil consequences in indulging in
gambling.
jy^ evr^ psvtf - dfn> t[n[t`et` eevryx lk` evyf the winner begets
hate
jfetA cft`tmn<esActf - prdvn< l[b<ey` vs`t=v g[n n[vt n[vt eVA`k
kryf the loser grieves for lost wealth
s$dfxZXfkA DnOd`jAnf - tmn` blA sfxfydFm vs`t=v vfnAV evZ loss of
wealth
sBAgts`s vcn^ n r{htf - sBAvkx p[mfNf oh<eg` vcny enApfLfgnfyf
his word is not relied upon in a court of law
mft`tAmcZcAn^ prfB+etA ehAtf - hHftmft=rn`egn` nfn`dA lbn`enk` evyf he
is despised by his friends and associates
aAvAhvfvAhkAn^ ap#TfetA ehAtf, ak`KD<t`etA ay^ p<rfsp<g`gelA nAl^
dArhrNAy - z> ekLfeyhf eyedn emAh< aM<vn` epA`SNyx n<s<z<s< yyf
aAvAh vfvAhkyfn` vfsfn` enAptn ld`ed` evyf he is not sought after for
matrimony, for people would say he is a gambler and is not fit to look after a
wife
gRhptf p<t&y, z> ekLfeyhf n[vt n[vt eydFemhf emZ edA`S sy evZ.
Young householder, these are the six evil consequences in indulging in
gambling.
pApmft`tAn<eyAgAdFnvA pvfx< mft=rn` aAV&y
consequences in associating with evil companions
kfrFemhf
aAdFnv
Evil
Living in this way, with abundance of excuses one leaves many duties
undone and does not accure new wealth and existing acquired wealth dwindles
away. Young householder, these are the six dangers in being addicted to laziness.
idmevAc BgvA. id^ v#vA s<getA aTApr^ EtdevAc s#TA:
ehAtf pAnsKA nAm ehAtf smZmfysmZmfeyA
eyA c ae#Ts< jAets< shAeyA ehAtf esA sKA.
BAgYvt=n` vhn`es` emes` vdAL es`k.
vdArA n[vt d emes` vdAL es`k:
mt`p[n` bFmx mft=r[ v> pAnsK nmZ yhl<evk` evyf. idfrfpfx dF pmNk`
yhl<km dk`vn smZmfy nmZ yhl<evk` evyf. yemk` tmA hx v[wk` a[tf kl`hf
mft&vn`nA v> sK nmZ yhl<evk` d evyf.
Thus spoke the Exalted One. And when the Master had thus spoken, he
spoke yet again:
One is a bottle friend; one says, 'friend, friend' only to one's face; one is a
friend and an associate only when it is advantageous.
us`s>r esyYA prdAresvnA - evrp`ps^egA c an#TtA c
pApA c mft`t^ s<kdrfytA c - Eet C XAnA p<rfs^ D^syn`tf.
ir udAvn etk` nfdA g[nFmy, an` aM<vn` es`vny kfrFmy, trh b[Hd
g[nFmy, av[w sfz<vn ed` kfrFmy, pvfx< mftr
= n` es`vny kfrFmy, td ms<r[ bvy
yn emZ kr[N< sy mfnfsA vfnAV kryf.
Sleeping till sunrise, adultery, hostility, malevolence, evil companions,
avarice. These six causes ruin a person.
pApmft`etA pApseKA - pApaAcAregAcerA
as`mA elAkA prmZhA c - uByA D^set nerA.
pAp mft&yn` a[tf pvfx< yhl<vn` a[tf lAmk p[vt=mZ hA enAh[sfrfy y<t=
tn`hf h[sfern`nA v> t[n[t`et` emelAvfn` d prelAvfn` d yn edelAvfn`m pfrfeh`.
A person who has bad friends, bad companions, bad practices and spending
time in evil ways, brings oneself to ruin both in this world and the next.
ak`Kf#TfeyA vAr[NF ncZcgFt^ - dfvAesAp`p^ pArfcrfyA akAel
pApA c mft`tA s<kdrfytA c - Eet C XAnA p<rfs^ D^syn`tf.
28
s>z< ekLFemhf hA an` aM<vn` es`vny kfrFemhf eydFm, s<rApAny kfrFm, n[x<mZ
gF kFmZvlx k[m[t`t, dhvl` nfdAg[nfm hA enAkl`hf n<s<z<s< tn`hf h[sfrFm, pAp
mft&yn` a[tf bv sh td ms<r[km yn emZ kr[N< sy p<r[SyA vfnAV kryf.
Dice and women, liquor, dancing and singing, sleeping by day and
sauntering at unseemly hours, evil companions and avarice, these six causes ruin a
person.
ak`eKhf dfbZbn`tf s<r^ pfvn`tf - yn`tf#TfeyA pANsmA pers^
nfhFnesvF n c v<d`DesvF - nfhFyer kALpk`eKv ce$dA.
ymZ ekenk` (dAz< k[xeyn`) s>z< ekLft` d, s<rApAny ekert` d, an<n`eg`
p&ANy emn` rkfn aM<vn` es`vny krt` d, z<sfrfethf g[lF vsn mfnfs<n` es`vny
krt` d, yhpt ayhpt dt` QAnvn`tyfn` es`vny enAkrt` d, ov<n`eg` yss
kHTvr pOSeyhf c$z&yA emn` pfrfhFmx p[mfeN`.
Who plays with dice and drinks intoxicants, goes to women who are dear
unto others as their own lives, associates with the mean and not with elders,
declines just as the moon during the waning half.
eyA vAr[NF aDenA akfHJ`cenA - pfpAesA pfv^ pAp^ getA
udkmfv iN^ vfgAhtf - ak=l^ kAhftf Kfp`pmt`tenA.
vs`t=v Dny n[tfv vsn yemk` mt`p[n` bFemhf elAl` v>ey` s<rA s[lx
egAs` s<rApAny krn`en` dfeyhf gfeln glk` emn` Ny g[tf bvx b[s gnfyf.
oh< vhA tm k=ly (egdr) pfrfh<N< egdrk` krn`en`y.
Who is a drunkard, broke, destitute, dragged by thirst from bar to bar, sinks
in debt as a stone in water, swiftly brings disrepute to his family.
n dfvA esAp`psFeln - rt`tfm<xZXAneds`sfnA
nfcZc^ mt`etn esAN`ewn - sk`kA aAvsft=^ Gr^
dhvl` nfdn gtf a[tf, ebAehA` @ vn t=r[ n[gfx sfxfn gtf a[tf, nfetAr
mt`p[nfn` mt` v>, g[h[N<n` ekerhf elAl` v>, p<d`glyA vfsfn` gfhfegyf vfsFm
enAkL h[kfy.
Who by habit sleeps by day, and keeps late hours, is ever intoxicated, and is
licentious, is not fit to lead a household life.
atfsFt^ atfuN`h^ - atfsAymfd^ ah<
itf vfs`sxZXkmZmn`et - a#TA acZecn`tf mANev.
d[n` itA sFtly, itA uN<s<mZy, itA svs` vF yyf emes` v[w enAkrn
mfnfs`s< tm yhpt n[tf kr gnft`.
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Who says it is too hot, too cold, too late and leaves things undone, the
opportunities for good go past such men.
eyAD sFt^c uN`h^c tfNA BFeyYA n mJ`Jtf
kr^ p<rfskfcZcAnf esA s<KA n vfhAytFtf.
Eeht` emelAv yemk= sFtl d, uN<s<m d, tNptk` pmNvt` enAsftA d,
ut`sAheyn` v[w krn`nA v> E` mfnfsA s[peyn` enApfrfehn`en`y.
But he who does not regard cold or heat any more than a blade of grass and
who does his duties manfully, does not fall away from happiness.
mft`tptfr{pkA mft&p&tfr{pkeyA` - Foes in the guise of friends
ct`tAerA
em
ghptfp<t`t,
amft`tA
mft`tptfr{pkA
evdftbZbA.
aJ`Jd#T<herA amft`etA mft`tptfr{pekA evdftbZebA, vcFpremA amft`etA
mft`tptfr{pekA evdftbZebA, an<p`pfyBANF amft`etA mft`tptfr{pekA evdftbZebA,
apAyshAeyA amft`etA mft`tptfr{pekA evdftbZebA.
gRhptf p<t&y, mft=r[ evsfn` h[sfern mft=r[ enAv> emZ str edenk` dty<t=
evt`.
These four young householder, should be understood as foes in the guise of
friends:
aJ`Jd#T<herA amft`etA mft`tptfr{pekA evdftbZebA - E`kAn`teyn` ymk`
egn yAmx pmNk` mft=r[ evsfn` h[sfern mft=r[ enAv> t[n[t`tA dty<t=y
he who appropriates a friends possessions should be understood as a foe
in the guise of a friend
vcFpremA amft`etA mft`tptfr{pekA evdftbZebA - vcneyn` pmNk` s[lkFmZ
krn mft=r[ evsfn` h[sfern mft=r[ enAv> t[n[t`tA dty<t=y he who
renders lip-service should be understood as a foe in the guise of a friend
an<p`pfyBANF amft`etA mft`tptfr{pekA evdftbZebA - tmn` idfrfpfx dF s`t=tf
krn !vxflf bs` kfyn mft=r[ evsfn` epnF sfxfn mft=r[ enAv> t[n[t`tA
dty<t=y he who flatters should be understood as a foe in the guise of a
friend
apAyshAeyA amft`etA mft`tptfr{pekA evdftbZebA - pvZkmZ sHdhA shAy
dk`vn mft=r[ evsfn` h[sfern mft=r[ enAv> t[n[t`tA dty<t=y he who
brings ruin should be understood as a foe in the guise of a friend
ct+hf eKA ghptfp<t`t, XAenhf aJ`Jd#T<herA amft`etA mft`tptfr{pekA
evdftbZebA. aJ`Jd#T<herA ehAtf, ap`epn bh<mfcZCtf, Bys`s kfcZc^ kerAtf,
esvtf a#TkArNA.
iemhf eKA ghptfp<t`t, ct+hf XAenhf aJ`Jd#T<herA
amft`etA mft`tptfr{pekA evdftbZebA.
30
31
32
yemk` aJ`Jd#T<hr mft& nmZ evZ d, yemk` vcFprm mft& nmZ evZ d, yemk`
an<p&fyBANF mft& nmZ evZ d, yemk` Dn vfnAVk k&fyAvn`hf yhl< evZ d, emes` emZ
st=rn` str edn g[n n<vN[t`et` d[n, uvz<r[ a[tf mAr~gyk` es` z<rfn`m z<r[
krn`en`y.
Thus spoke the Exalted One. And when the Master had thus spoken, he spoke yet
again:
The friend who appropriates,
The friend who renders lip-service,
The friend that flatters,
The friend who brings ruin,
These four as enemies the wise behold,
Avoid them from afar as paths of peril.
33
34
36
ymZ upkArF mft=erk`` evZ d, s<vz<k` edk`hfm yemk` yhHP d, ymZ mft=erk`
edelA` v[wx mHg kfyn`en` d, ymZ mft=erk` an<kmZpA krn`en` d, emZ mft=rn` str
ednA n<vN[t`et` emes` d[n h[Hdfn mvZ ekenk` s`vkFy p<tk= es`vny krn`nAk`
emn` mnA ekAx es`vny krn`en`y.
Thus spoke the Exalted One. And when the Master had thus spoken, he
spoke yet again:
The friend who is a helpmate, the friend in happiness and woe, the friend
who gives good counsel, and the friend who sympathises. The wise will know
these four are truly friends and cherish them devotedly like a mother does her own
child.
pN`wfetA sFlsmZpn`enA jl^ ag`gF v BAstf
eBAeg s^hrmAns`s Bmrs`esv irFyetA
eBAgA sn`nfcy^ yn`tf vmZmfekAv<pcFytf.
n<vN[tf sfl`vt` t[n[t`et` dflfesn gfn`nk` es` bblyf. ml enAtlA ml`
p[Nf !s` krn bmrk= emn` eBA`g !s` krn`nAeg` eBA`g smZpt`h< v[wFmx eyt`.
k&meyn` ps`k[x !s` krmfn` t=Msk` bHdfn`nAk` emnf.
The wise and virtuous shine forth like a blazing fire. He who acquires his
wealth in harmless ways like a bee collecting only the honey, without harming the
flower. Riches mount up for him like ant hills rapid growth.
Ev^ eBAeg smAh#vA almt`etA k=el gfhF
ct=DA vfBej eBAeg s ev mft`tAnf g$Ttf.
Eekn eBAeg B=J`ejyY d`vFhf kmZm^ peyAjey
ct=#TJ`c nfDAepyY aApdAs< Bvfs`stFtf.
emes` d[h[mfn` vs`t=v !s`ekAx gfhfegyf vfsFmx smr~T v> p<d`gl etemZ
vs`t=v str ekAxskx ebdn`en`y. eh` E`kAn`teyn` mft=rn` b[HdgnF. Ehf Ek`
ekAxskfn` smZpt` an<Bv krn`en`y. edekAxsk` kr~mAn`t pfNfs eyAdn`en`y.
strvn ekAxs vfpt` p[mfNf kl`hf p&eyA`jn vn`en` yyf nfdn` ekAx tbn`en`y.
With wealth acquired this way, a layman fit for household life. In four
portions he divides his wealth, thus he will win the friendship. He uses one portion
for his wants. He spends two portions on his business. He keeps aside the fourth
against future misfortunes.
Cd`dfsA pxfcZCAdn^ - sdfVA aAvrNy (v[HdFm) Covering the six quaters
kTJ`c ghptfp<t`t, arfysAvekA Cd`dfsApxfcZCAdF ehAtf?
CyfmA
ghptfp<t`t dfsA evdftbZbA: p<r#TfmA dfsA mAtApfterA evdftbZbA. dk`KfNA dfsA
aAcrfyA evdftbZbA. pcZCfmA dfsA p<t`tdArA evdftbZbA. ut`trA dfsA mft`tAmcZcA
37
evdftbZbA.
evdftbZbA.
gRhptf p<t&y, ekes` nmZ aAr~y V&Avk etemZ sdfVAvn` aAvrNy krn`en`
(vHdn
f `en`) evZ d? gRhptf p<t&y, emZ dfVA syk` dty<t=y.
And how, young householder, does a noble disciple cover the six quarters?
The following should be looked upon as the six quarters.
p<r#TfmA dfsA mAtApfterA evdftbZbA - mvZpfeyA` n[egnhfr dfVAv yyf
dty<t=y the parents should be looked upon as the East
dk`KfNA dfsA aAcrfyA evdftbZbA - g=r[vr[ dk=N< dfVAv yyf dty<t=y
teachers as the South
pcZCfmA dfsA p<t`tdArA evdftbZbA - aM<dr[evA` bs`nAhfr dfVAv yyf dty<t=y
wife and children as the West
ut`trA dfsA mft`tAmcZcA evdftbZbA - yhl< mft&eyA` ut=r[ dfVAv yyf
dty<t=y friends and associates as the North
ehxZXfmA dfsA dAskmZmkArA evdftbZbA - d[sf ds` kmZkr[evA` yx dfVAv yyf
dty<t=y servants and employees as the Nadir
uprfmA dfsA smNb&Ah`mNA evdftbZbA - mhN bm<eNA` uw dfVAv yyf
dty<t=y ascetics and Brahmins as the Zenith
pJ`chf eKA ghptfp<t`t, XAenhf p<t`etn p<r#TfmA dfsA mAtA pfterA
pcZc<pxZXAtbZbA: BetA en Brfs`sAmf, kfcZc^ ens^ krfs`sAmf, k=lv^s^ Xeps`sAmf,
dAyj~j^ pxfpj~CAmf, aT vA pn eptAn^ kAlktAn^ dk`KfN^ an<p`pds`sAmFtf.
iemhf eKA ghptfp<t`t, pJ`chf XAenhf p<t`etn p<r#TfmA dfsA mAtA pfterA
pcZcp
< xZXftA,
gRhptf p<t&y, n[egnhfr dfVAv v> mvZpfeyA` p<t&yA vfsfn` kr[N< pskfn`
ups`TAn kxy<t= evt`.
In five ways, young householder, a child should minister to his parents as the
East.
BetA en Brfs`sAmf - ov<n` vfsfn` epA`Sft v> mm mhl<v sfxfn ov<n`
epA`SNy krn`enmf having supported me I shall support them
kfcZc^ ens^ krfs`sAmf - ov<nx p[mfNf kxy<t= mm krn`enmf I shall
do their duties
k=lv^s^ Xeps`sAmf - k=l prp<r !kgn`enmf I shall keep the family
tradition
dAyj~j^ pxfpj~jAmf - mA pfyn`egn` lt` dAyAd B=k`tf vfHdfn`enmf I shall
make myself worthy of my inheritance
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emZ ps` kr[Nfn` k=lp<t&yA vfsfn` ut`tr dfVAv v> mft& amAtYeyA` ups`TAn
krn ld`dAh<,
Young householder, the friends and associates as the North ministered by
clansman,
pJ`chf XAenhf k=lp<t`t^ an<kmZpn`tf:
pmt`t^ rk`Kn`tf, pmt`ts`s
sApetyY^ rk`Kn`tf, BFts`s srN^ ehAn`tf, aApdAs< n vfjhn`tf, aprpjAcs`s
pxfp>ejn`tf. iemhf eKA ghptfp<t`t, pJ`chf XAenhf k=lp<t`etn ut`trA dfsA
mft`tAmcZcA pcZc<pxZXftA, iemhf pJ`chf XAenhf k=lp<t`t^ an<kmZpn`tf. Evms`s
EsA ut`trA dfsA pxfcZCn`nA ehAtf eKmA ap`pxfByA.
kr[N< pskfn` k=lp<t&yAx an<kmZpA krt`.
show their compassion to clansman in five ways.
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gRhptf p<t&y, emZ kr[N< psfn` s`vAmfyA vfsfn` yx dfVAv yyf kfyn ld d[sf
ds` kmZkr[evA` ups`TAn krn ld`dAh<,
Young householder, the servants and employees as the Nadir ministered by a
master,
pJ`chf XAenhf ayfrk^ an<kmZpn`tf:
p<bZb<xZXAyfenA c ehAn`tf,
pcZCAnffpAtfenA c, dfn`nAdAyfenA c, s<ktkmZmkrA c, kft`tfvN`NBrA c. iemhf
eKA ghptfp<t`t, pJ`chf XAenhf ayfrekn ehxZXfmA dfsA dAskmZmkArA
pcZc<pxZXftA iemhf pJ`chf XAenhf ayfrk^ an<kmZpn`tf. Evms`s EsA ehxZXfmA
dfsA pxfcZCn`nA ehAtf eKmA ap`pxfByA.
kr[N< pskfn` s`vAmfyAx an<kmZpA krt`.
show their compassion to their master in five ways.
p<bZb<xZXAyfenA c ehAn`tf - pLm< ekAx n[gF sfxfn`nAh< d evt` - they
rise before him
pcZCAnfpAtfenA c - ps<v nfdn`nAh< d evt` - they go to sleep after him
dfn`nAdAyfenA c - z<n` edy pmNk` gn`nAh< d evt` - they take only
what is given
s<ktkmZmkrA c - ehAHdfn` kr~~mAn`t krt` - they perform their duties
well
kft`tfvN`NhrA c - g=N kFr~tfy ptL kr hrfn`nAh< d evt` - they
uphold his good name and fame
emkF kr[N< psfn` s`vAmfyA vfsfn` yx dfVAv v> d[sfds` kmZkr[vn` uvx[n`
krn< l[b<vAh<, ps<v kF kr[N< psfn` sfy s`vAmfyAx an<g&h krt`. emes` emAh<
vfsfn` emZ yx dfVAv upz&v rhft ekAx, By rhft ekAx aAvrNy krn ld`ed`
evZ.
The servants and employees thus ministered to as the Nadir show their
compassion towards him in these five ways. Thus is the Nadir covered by him and
made safe and secure.
pJ`chf eKA ghptfp<t`t, XAenhf k=lp<t`etn uprfmA dfsA smNb&Ah`mNA
pcZc<pxZXAtbZbA:
emt`etn kAykmZemn, emt`etn vcFkmZemn, emt`etn
menAkmZemn, anAvxd`vArtAy, aAmfsAn<p`pdAenn.
iemhf eKA ghptfp<t`t,
pJ`chf XAenhf k=lp<t`etn uprfmA dfsA smNb&Ah`mNA pcZc<pxZXftA,
gRhptf p<t&y, kr[N< pskfn` k=l p<t&yA vfsfn` uw dfVAv v> mhN bm<eNA`
ups`TAn kxy<t`tAh.
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emkF kr[N< psfn` k=lp<t&yA vfsfn` uw dfVAv v> mhN bm<eNA` uvx[n`
krn< l[b<vAh<, ps<v kF kr[N< seyn` k=lp<t&yAx an<g&hkrt`. emes` emAh< vfsfn`
emZ uw dfVAv upz&v rhft ekAx, nfr~By ekAx aAvrNy krn ld`ed` evZ.
In these six ways do ascetics and brahmins show their compassion towards a
householder who ministers in five ways to them as the Zenith. Thus is the Zenith
covered by him and made safe and secure.
idmevAc BgvA, id^ v#vA s<getA aTApr^ EtdevAc s#TA:
s<gt v> VAs`tRRn` vhn`es` emy ed`VnA kr vdArA n[vt emes` d ed`VnA kL
es`k:
Thus spoke the Exalted One. And when the Master had thus spoken, he spoke yet
again:
mAtApftA dfsA p<bZbA aAcrfyA dk`KfNA dfsA
p<t`tdArA dfsA pcZCA mft`tAmcZcA c ut`trA.
dAskmZmkrA ehxZXA ud`D^ smNb&Ah`mNA
EtA dfsA nms`esyY almt`etA k=el gfhF.
mA pfeyA` epr edsy, aAcAr~yeyA` dk=N< edsy, aM<dr[evA` bxhfr edsy,
mft&AmAtYeyA` ut=r[ edsy, d[sf ds` kmZkr[evA` yx edsy, mhN bm<eNA` uw
edsy. k=ly !kFemhf smr~T gRhs`T etemZ emZ sdfVA nmdfn`en`y.
The mother and father are the East, the teachers are the South, wife and
children are the West, the friends and associates are the North, servants and
employees are the Nadir, the ascetics and brahmins are the Zenith. Who ever is fit
to lead the household life should salute these six quarters.
pN`wfetA sFlsmZpn`enA sN`ehA c pxfBAnvA,
nfvAtv<t`tf a#Td`eDA tAdfesA lBet ys^.
n<vN[t`tA v>, sFleyn` y<k`t v>, emAelAk` gtf a[tf, v[xehn n<vNfn` y<t=,
yxht` p[vt=mZ a[tf, tdgtf n[t`tA v> EbHz< t[n[t`et` s[p lbn`en`y.
Who is wise and virtuous, gentle and keen-witted, humble and amenable
such a person attains glory.
uxZXAnvetA anlesA aApdAs< n evDtf,
acZCfn`nv<t`tf emDAvF tAdfesA lBet ys^.
enAps<bx vFr~yy a[tf, als enAv> t[n[t`et` vfpt`vl dF kmZpA enAevZ d,
k[L[l` rhft p[vt=mZ a[tf, n<vN a[t`tA v> EbHz< t[n[t`et` s[p lbn`en`y
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Who is energetic and not lazy, not shaken in misfortune, flawless in conduct
and intelligent, such a person attains glory.
s^gAhekA mft`tkerA vdJ`Oz> vFtmcZCerA,
entA vfentA an<entA tAdfesA lBet ys^.
s^g&h krn`nA v>, mft&yn` a[tf krn`nA v>, mft&yn`eg` vcn dn`nA v>,
ms<r[ml z<r[ kLA v>, hft v[wx pm<N<vn`nA v>, EbHz< t[n[t`et` yss` lbn`en`y.
Who is hospitable and friendly, liberal and unselfish, a guide, an instructor, a
leader, such a person attains glory.
dAnJ`c epyYvj~jJ`c a#TcrfyA c yA iD,
smAnt`ttA c DmZems< t#T t#T yTArh^.
dFm d, p&fy vcn kFm d, an<n`x v[w pfNfs h[sfrFm d, tmn` es` an<n`
s[LkFm d, yn emZ elA`keyhf Dr~myn`hf s<z<s< prfd`edn` E` E` tn`hf pfLfp[dFm yn
ymk` evyf d,
Generosity and kind words, helpfulness to others, sense of equality with
others, are suitable for everywhere.
Eet eKA s^ghA elAek rTs`sANFv yAyetA
Eet c s^ghA nAs`s< n mAtA p<t`tkArNA
leBT mAn^ p>j^ vA pftA vA p<t`tkArNA
elA`keyhf emZ s^g&hyn` gmn` krn`nA v> rTeyhf kw a[Ny v[nfy. emZ
str s^g&h vs`t= enAvwn`nAh< nmZ mv dr[vn` krN ekAx b<h<mnk` ehA`
enAlbn`en`y. pfyA d dr[vn` krN ekAx Ey enAlbn`en`y.
These four winning ways hold the world together, like the linchpin in a
moving chariot. If these winning ways not exist in the world, neither mother nor
father would receive, respect or honour from their children.
ys`mA c s^geh Eet smevk`Kn`tf pN`wftA,
ts`mA mhn`t^ pp`epAn`tf ps^sA c Bvn`tf ettf.
ymZ eh`t=vkfn` n<vN[t`etA` emZ str s^g&h vs`t+n` ehAHdAkAr slkA blt`
d, Eehyfn` ovZh< mht` (uss`) bvx p[mfeNt`. p[ssfy y<t`etA` d evt`.
If the wise appraise these four winning ways in every way, eminently, they
obtain greatness which are the sources of praise.
Ev^ v<t`et sfgAlekA ghptfp<t`etA Bgvn`t^ EtdevAc:
aBfk`kn`t^
Bn`et, aBfk`kn`t^ Bn`et, esyYTApf Bn`et, nfk`k=j~jft^ vA uk`k=j~ejyY,
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Thus have I heard. Once the Exalted One was dwelling amongst the
Koliyans, in their market town named Kakkarapatta. Then Dighajanu, a Koliyan,
approached the Exalted One, respectfully saluted Him and sat on one side. Thus
seated, he addressed the Exalted One as follows:
my^ Bn`et, gfhF kAmeBAgF p<t`tsmZbADsyn^ aj~ODAvsAm, kAsfkcn`dn^
pcZcn<eBAm, mAlAg$Dvfelpn^ DAryAm, jAtr{prjt^ sAdfyAm, ets^ enA
Bn`et, BgvA tTA DmZm^ edest=, ey amZhAk^ as`s< DmZmA dfxZXDmZmhftAy
dfxZXDmZms<KAy smZprAyhftAy smZprAys<KAyAtf.
s`vAmFnf, gfhf v>, kAmeBA`gF v> apf aM<dr[vn`eg` pFwAevn` vsm<. ksF sHT hA
sHz<n` pAvfcZcf krm<. ml` gHd vflv<n` drm<, rn` rfdF ms< khvn< drm<. s`vAmFnF, E`
apx ymZ Dr~m ekenk` emelAv yhpt pfNfs d, emelAv s[p pfNfs d prelAv
yhpt pfNfs d prelAv s[p pfNfs d vn`nAh< nmZ, Ees` Dr~my ed`VnA krn
es`k`vA.
We Venerable sir, are laymen who enjoy worldly pleasure. We lead a life
encumbered by wife and children. We use sandlewood of Kasi. We deck
ourselves with garlands, perfume and unguents. We use gold and silver. To those
like us, O Venerable Sir, let the Exalted One preach Dhamma, teach those things
that lead to weal and happiness in this life and to weal and happiness in future life.
ct`tAerA em vYg`Gpj~j, DmZmA k=lp<t`ts`s dfxZXDmZmhftAy s^vt`tn`tf,
dfxZXDmZms<KAy. ktem ct`tAerA: uxZXAnsmZpdA, aArk`KsmZpdA, klYANmft`ttA,
smjFvfktA.
vYg`Gpj~jy, emZ Dr~m strk` k=l p<t&yAx emelAv yhpt pfNfs d
emelAv s[p pfNfs d pvtft`. kfnmZ strk` d yt`:
Four conditions, Vyagghapajja, conduce to a householders weal and
happiness in this very life. Which four:
uxZXAn smZpdA - ut`sAh smZpt`tfy the accomplishment of persistent
effort
aArk`K smZpdA - aArk`SA smZpt`tfy the accomplishment of
watchfulness
klYANmft`ttA - yhpt` mft=rn` a[tfbv good friendship
smjFvk
f tA - aAdAymx smAn jFvfkAv balanced livelihood
ktmA c vYg`Gpj~j, uxZXAnsmZpdA?
ydf
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sfpp
` J`Jtern. E#T dk`eKA ehAtf, anlesA tt&{pAyAy vfm^sAy smn`nAgetA
al^ kAt=^ al^ s^vfDAt=^, ay^ v<cZctf vYg`Gpj~j, uxZXAnsmZpdA.
vYg`Gpj~jy, ut`sAh smZpt`tfy kver~d?
vYg`Gpj~jy, emZ elA`keyhf k=lp<t& etemZ ymZ kr~mAn`tykfn` ehA`
egAvft[nfn` ehA` evLHdAemn` ehA` gv pAlneyn` ehA` Dn< Vfl`peyn` ehA` rAj
p<r[S BAveyn` ehA` Vfl`pykfn` ehA` jFvfkAv kryf d, Ehf dk`S v>ey`, kmZm[lf
enAv>ey`, Ix upAy sftFemn` y<k`t v>ey`, krn`nx s<z<s< v>ey`, s^vfDAnyx smt`
v>ey` evZ d, vYg`Gpj~jy, emZ ut`sAh smZpt`tfy yyf kfyn< l[ebZ.
What is the accomplishment of persistent effort?
Herein, Vyagghapajja, by whatsoever activity a householder earns his living,
whether by farming, by trading, by rearing cattle, by archery, by service under the
king, or by any other kind of craft, at that he becomes skillful and is not lazy. He is
endowed with the power of discernment as to the proper ways and means. He is
able to carry out and (allocate) duties. This is called the accomplishment of
persistent effort.
ktmA c vYg`Gpj~j, aArk`KsmZpdA?
iD
vYg`Gpj~j,
k=lp<t`ts`s
eBAgA
ehAn`tf
uxZXAnvfrfyADfgtA
bAhAblprfcftA esdAvk`Kft`tA DmZmfkA DmZmld`DA, et aArk`eKn g=t`tfyA
smZpAedtf, kfn`tf em iem eBAeg env rAjAenA heryY<^, n ecArA heryY<^, n
ag`g^f wehyY, n udk^ vehyY, n ap`pfyA dAyAdA heryY<n`tf. ay^ v<cZctf
vYg`Gpj~j, aArk`KsmZpdA.
vYg`Gpj~jy, aArk`SA smZpt`tfy kver~d?
vYg`Gpj~jy, emZ elA`keyhf k=lp<t&yAx uxZXAn vFr~yeyn` lbn ld, bAh<
bleyn` !s` krn ld, whdfy ehLA updvn ld, DAr~mfk v> d[h[mfn` lbn ld
ymZ eBA`geyA` a[d`d, E` eBA`geyA` kfemk`d, rjvr[ enAgn`nAh< nmZ, esAr[
enAgn`nAh< nmZ, gfn`enn` vfnAV enAvn`nAh< nmZ, dfyx gsAegn enAyn`nAh< nmZ,
beln` dw vVeyn` enAgn`nAh< nmZ eyehk[yf aArk`SA kryf. vYg`Gpj~jy, emZ
aArk`SA smZpdAv yyf kfyn< l[ebZ.
What is the accomplishment of watchfulness?
Herein, Vyagghapajja, whatsoever wealth a householder is in possession of,
obtained by dint of effort, collected by strength of arm, by the sweat of his brow,
justly acquired by right means, such he protects well by guarding and watching so
that kings would not seize it, thieves would not steal it, fire would not burn it, water
would not carry it away, nor ill-disposed heirs remove it. This is the
accomplishment of watchfulness.
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knowing the income and outflow of his wealth, maintains balanced livelihood,
neither a spendthrift nor a penny-pincher, (thinking). Thus will my income exceed
my outflow, and my outflow will not exceed my income, this is called maintaining
ones balanced livelihood.
Ev^ sm<p`pn`nAn^ vYg`Gpj~j, eBAgAn^ ct`tArf apAym<KAnf ehAn`tf:
i#TfD<t`etA
ehAtf,
s<rAD<t`etA,
ak`KD<t`etA,
pApmft`etA
pApshAeyA
pApsmZpv^ekA.
vYg`Gpj~jy, emes` upn`nAv> eBA`gyn`x vfnAVm<K strk` evt`.
The wealth thus amassed, Vyagghapajja, has four sources of destruction.
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ct`tAerA
DmZmA
k=lp<t`ts`s
smZprAyhftAy
vYg`Gpj~jy, emZ kr[N< str k=lp<t&yAx prelAv hft pfNfs prelAv s[p
pfNfs pvtF.
These four conditions, Vyagghapajja, conduce to a householders weal and
happiness in future life.
uxZXAtA kmZmeDeyYs< ap`pmt`etA vfDAnvA,
sm^ kp`eptf jfvfk^ smZBt^ an<rk`Ktf.
sd`eDA sFeln smZpn`enA vdJ`J> vFtmcZCerA,
nfcZc^ mg`g^ vfesAeDtf esA#TAn^ smZprAyfk^
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