Optimum temperature for carbon deposition during integrated coal pyrolysistar

decomposition over low grade iron ore for ironmaking application

Rochim Bakti Cahyono (Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Akiyama Lab.)

Carbon yield [%mass-C]

Experimental
Experiments were performed using quartz reactor tube at atmospheric pressure and total N2 flow of 250 mL/min.
The electrical furnace was equipped with six temperature controllers to maintain the temperature of each process
precisely. After being kept the reactor at desired temperature, lignite
4.5
90
coal was charged into the reactor by using bowl feeder at the rate of
H ore; tar decomposition temp : 600 oC
0.1 g/min for 40 minutes. Fast pyrolysis occurred inside the reactor
75
Char
that produced char, tar vapor and gases. Tar vapour and gases were
4.0
60
introduced to iron ore for tar decomposition and carbon deposition.
Deposited -C
To optimize the pyrolysis process, we examined different
45
temperatures (500800C), with a constant temperature of tar
decomposition (600C). Subsequently, optimum temperature of
3.5
30
pyrolysis was applied to evaluate the tar decomposition process.
Gas

Publications:

15

Tar
3.0

0
400

600
700
800
900
oC]
Pyrolysis
temp
[
Fig.1. Product distributions of integrated coal

500

pyrolysistar decomposition at different pyrolysis

temperatures
Gas

Deposited carbon tar

Unreacted tar

100
Carbon yield [%mass-C]

Results and discussions

A high pyrolysis temperature decreased the amount char and
increased volatile matter (tar and gas). A large amount of tar from
pyrolysis promoted high conversiaon of tar during decomposition
process to produce gases and deposited carbon as shown in Fig 1.
Fig 2 shows that tar carbon deposition within porous ore was
predominant rather than formation of gas products in tar
decomposition temperature of 400600C. At temperatures above
600 C, tar decomposition generated higher gas products rather
than depositing carbon. At elevated temperatures, gasification of
the deposited carbon took place and enhanced carbon conversion
to gas products. The optimum conditions for producing deposited
carbon in porous iron were therefore pyrolysis at 800C and tar
decomposition at 600C.

1) RB. Cahyono, AN. Rozhan, N. Yasuda, N. Nomura, S. Hosokai, Y.

Kashiwaya, T. Akiyama. Fuel 109 ( 2013) 439-444
2) RB. Cahyono, A.N. Rozhan, N. Yasuda, N. Nomura, H. Purwanto, T.
Akiyama. Energy and Fuels 27 ( 2013) 26872692
3) R.B. Cahyono, A.N. Rozhan, N. Yasuda, N. Nomura, S. Hosokai, Y.
Kashiwaya, T. Akiyama. Fuel Processing Tech. 113 (2013) 84-89.
4) A.N. Rozhan, R.B. Cahyono, N. Yasuda, N. Nomura, S. Hosokai, T.
Akiyama. Energy and Fuels 26 (2012) 3196-3200.
5) A.N. Rozhan, R.B. Cahyono, N. Yasuda, N. Nomura, S. Hosokai, H.
Purwanto, T. Akiyama. Energy and Fuel 26 ( 2012) 73407346

80
60
40
20

H ore, Pyrolysis temp : 800 oC

0
400

500
600
700
Tar decomposition temp [oC]

800

Fig. 2. Effect of tar decomposition temperature on tar

product distribution at constant pyrolysis temperature

Carbon yield [%mass-C]

Introduction
Ironmaking is one of most energy intensive industry especially iron reduction process in the blast furnace that
rely on metallurgical cokes generated from high-grade coal. Because of limited resource of high grade ore and coal,
the industry is facing serious problem. Integrated coal pyrolysis-tar decomposition that generates deposited carbon
within iron ore through chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) offers promising method by utilization of low grade iron ore
and coal. Beside raw material problem, the method also can solve the trouble of tar material that may cause
operational problems such as pipe plugging, condensation, and tar aerosol formation. Integrated coal pyrolysistar
decomposition is a two-stage process involving pyrolysis in the upstream part and tar decomposition in the
downstream part. It is well known that pyrolysis and tar decomposition are highly dependent on temperature with
opposite behaviors to produce carbon deposition within porous ores. The objective of this study was to obtain the
optimum temperatures for both the pyrolysis and tar decomposition for high carbon deposition within porous ores.