Zbirka Za 8 I Nize Razrede PDF

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69
76 100
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www.matematiranje.com
, )
12 , 4 6 9

:
2,5
2,05
2,17
2,175
2,075
: 2 5
: 2 5
: 2 17
: 2 175
: 2 75
) 2,017
2 010m, )
0,5 =
51 1
=
102 2
0, 2 =
21
1
=
10 5 5
2, 2 = 2
21
1
=2
105
5
51
1
2, 5 = 2
=2
102
2
. 1)

a
brojilac
b
imenilac

, ( 10 100 1000 )
3
4
: =
3 25 75
=
= 0, 75
4 25 100
, .
3
4
: = 3 : 4 = 0, 75
0
30
28
20
20
00
1/5
5
= = 0,5
/ 5
2
10
3/25 75
=
= 0, 75
4 /25 100
1/2
2
) /2 =
= 0, 2
5
10
1/125 125
=
= 0,125
8/125 1000
4
)
= 0, 4
10
11
= 1,1
10
3 3 5 15
) =
=
= 1,5
2 2 5 10
1
)
= 0, 01
100
. 2

( 10 100 1000 )
( )
: 0, 75 = 0, 75
100 75
75 : 25 3
=
=
=
100 100 100 : 25 4
75:25 3
=
100:25 4
)
0, 75 =
0,3 =
3
)
10
152, 28 > 152,18 > 125,32 > 125, 03

)
. 3)
a
,
b
a ak
.
=
b bk
3 2
. 1. , . >
5 5
2 2
. 2. , >
5 7
:
I . .
II . .
3
5
4
8
6 5
3 5
>
>
. 1
8 8
4 8
:
I
II
3 3 2 6
=
=
4 42 8
3 3 5 15
15 15
=
=

>
4 4 5 20
20 24
5 5 3 15
=
=
8 8 3 24
3 5
>
4 8
. 2
, .
2 /20
40
2 /12 24
=
= ;
3/20
60
5/12 60
45
40
30
24
<
< <
<0
60
60
60
60
0;
1/30
30
= ;
/ 30
2
60
3/15
45
= ;
/ 15
4
60
45/:15
40 /:20
30 /:30
24 /:12
<
<
<
<0
60 /:15
60 /:20
60 /:30
60 /:12
3
2
1
2
< < < <0
4
3
2
5
) 2
1
1
1 1
> 2 >
2
4
2 4
10
.
087 < 1419 < 1450 < 1694 < 1932 < 7237 < 7431 < 9868 < 10635 < 15675
, .
132,5 89,32 = 132,50 89, 32 = 43,18
132,5
132,50
89,32
89,32
43,18
11
1 3 4 1
+ = =
8 8 8 2
1 3
2
1
) = =
8 8
8
4
1 3 3
3
1 3 3
) =

=

8 8 64
16
8 8 16
1 3 1 8 1
) : = =
8 8 8 3 3
)
)
) 0,1 + 0, 011 = 0,111

) 0,11 + 0, 001 = 0111
) 0,1 0, 011 = 0, 0011
) 0,11 0,1 = 0, 011
0,011 )
12
1
150 :
5
1
1 150 150
150 =
=
= 30 150 : 5 = 30
5
5 1
5
150 30. )
3 6 9
+ =
5 5 10
7 5 2

11 11 11
13 8 5
=
7 7 7
1 1 1
+ =
3 3 6
3 6 9
+ =
5 5 5
1 1 2
+ =
3 3 3
13
A = {2,3, 4,5, 6,8,10,12,15, 20,30}

60 A = {2,3, 4,5, 6,10,12,15, 20,30}
8 60
4)
5:
5 0 5.
9:
9 9
519 : 9 = 57
45
69
63
6
6. )
5 0 5.
7870 5.
)
14
2355 : 7 = 336
21
25
21
45
42
3
)
123 : 2 = 61
12
03
237 : 3 = 79
21
27
128 : 5 = 25
10
28
2
1
27
0
25
3
15
1
0
3
11 + (13 + (4)) = 11 + 9 = 2 = 1 1 = 1 + ( 1)
5 + (18 : (2)) = 5 + (9) = 4 = 4 8
5 7 (9) = 12 + 9 = 3 = (1) 3
3 (2 5) = 3 (3) = +9 = 6 + 3
(17 13) (3 + 2) = 4 (1) = 4 + 1 = 5 = (15) : (3)
16
4 (5) + 10 = 20 + 10 = 10
)
1 + 2 3 + 4 5 + 6 7 + 8 = 1 3 5 7 + 2 + 4 + 6 + 8 = 16 + 20 = 4
)
17
370
11100
-
+ 3 = 18
= 18 3
= 15
)
18

. 5)

x a x = b
a b .
b
a
- a 0 , x = ;
- a = 0 b 0 , ;
- a = 0 b = 0
.
:
1)
2)
3x = 9
1
1
x=
4
2
x = 2
9
x=
3
x=3
3)
4)
1
1
x2= x
2
3
1
1
x x =2
2
3
/ 3
/ 2
1
1
/3 /2 x = 2
3
2
3 2
x=2
6
1
x=2
6
x = 12
0,5 0, 2 x = 1
0, 2 x = 1 0,5
0, 2 x = 0,5
x = 0,5 : 0, 2
x = 2,5
1
x =8
2
1
2
8 2
x=
1 1
x = 16
x = 8:
x+
3
7
x=
4
4
7 3
x=
4 4
4
x=
4
x =1
x+
3
9
x=
2
2
9 3
x= +
2 2
12
x=
4
x=6
x:
1
= 14
2
1
2
14 1 14
x= =
1 2 2
x=7
x = 14
) 2 ( x + 3) = 0
. 2 0 x + 3 = 0
x+3= 0
x = 3
) 24 x = 6
24 x = 6 /
x=
6 /:6
24 /:6
x=
1
4
1
1
24 x =
61
24
244
x=
x 1
: =2
2 3
x
1
= 1
2
3
x 1
=
2 3
x 2 1 2
=
2 1 3 1
2
x=
3
1
24
1
4
x 1
+ =1
2 3
1
x
= 1
2
3
x 3 1
=
2 3 3
x 2
=
2 3
x
2
2 = 2
2
3
4
x=
3
1 x
=1
3 2
x 1
= 1
2 3
x 1 3
=
2 3 3
x
2
=
2
3
x
2
2 = 2
2
3
4
x=
3
x 1
=1
2 3
x
1
= 1:
2
3
x
3
= 1
2
1
x
=3
2
x
2 = 23
2
x=6
2, 5 x = 1,5
x = 1, 5 + 2,5
x = 4
/ (1)
x = 4
x
+2=8
2
x
=82
2
x
=6
/ 2
2
x
2 = 26
2
x = 12
) 12
. 6)
a
a
.....

a , R ,
nN
a n n ti a
:
1. a m a n = a m + n
2. a m : a n = a m n , (m > n, a 0)
3. ( a m ) = a m a n
n
4. a n b n = (a b) n
5. a n : b n = (a : b) n , (b 0)
!
( a )
- a0 = 1
- a n =
1
an
( a )
= a n , n -
= a n , n
:
0
8
5 = 1; = 1;
3
1
2 3 = 3 ;
2
0
( 2 )
( 2 )
= 22 = 4
= 23 = 8
2 ( 2 ) + 23 ( 2 ) =
2
4 + 8 ( 8 ) =
8 + 8 + 8 = 8
.
.
.
24 + 42 = 16 + 16 = 32
23 32 = 8 9 = 1
62 22 = 36 4 = 144
82 : 23 = 64 : 8 = 8
(2 ) = 2
(a ) = a
1006 2
10062
m n
= 2 2012
m n
. 7)
,
- :
-
P = 3x 3 + 4 x 2 + 5 x 8
Q = 2x3 7 x2 2x + 3
P + Q = 3 x 3 + 4 x 2 + 5 x 8 + 2 x 3 7 x 2 2 x + 3 = x 3 (3 + 2) + x 2 (4 7) + x(5 2) 8 + 3
= 5 x 3 3x 2 + 3 x 5
- :
P Q = 3 x 3 + 4 x 2 + 5 x 8 ( 2 x 3 7 x 2 2 x + 3) =
= 3x 3 + 4 x 2 + 5 x 8 2 x 3 + 7 x 2 + 2 x 3
= x 3 (3 + 2) + x 2 (4 + 7) + x(5 + 2) 8 3 = x3 + 11x 2 + 7 x 11
- :
P = x 1
Q = x2 + x + 1
P Q = ( x 1)( x 2 + x + 1) = x x 2 + x x + x 1 1 x 2 1 x 1 1 = x 3 + x 2 + x x 2 x 1 = x3 1
A = 2 a 2
B = 5a 2
A + B = 2a 2 + 5a 2 = 3a 2
A B = 2a 2 5a 2 = 7 a 2
A B = ( 2a 2 ) ( 5a 2 ) = 10a 4
8
)
17 2 x + 13 + 5 x =
17 + 13 + 5 x 2 x =
30 + (5 2) x =
30 + 3 x
)
2 x 2 2 x 5x =
2 x 2 2 5 x x = x1 x1 = x1+1 = x 2
2 x 2 10 x 2 =
(2 10) x 2 = 8 x 2
5a (7 a ) = 12a ,
5a (7 a ) = 5a + 7 a = 2a
7 a (5a ) = 35a ,
7 a (5a ) = (7) (5)a a = 35a 2
5a ( 7 a ) = 35a 2 ,
5a ( 7a ) = 5 ( 7 ) a a = 35a 2
5a + ( 7a ) = 12a ,
5a + ( 7a ) = ( 5 + (7) ) a = 12a
) 3 x 2 + ( 7 x 2 ) = ( 3 + (7) ) x 2 = 4 x 2
) 3 x 2 ( 3 x 2 ) = 3 x 2 + 3 x 2 = ( 3 + 3) x 2 = 6 x 2
) 3 x 2 ( 2 x 2 ) = 3 ( 2 ) x 2 x 2 = 6 x 4
x x = x 2+ 2 x = x 4
2
) 5a 3 + 7 a3 = ( 5 + 7 ) a 3 = 12a 3
) 9 x 2 4 x 2 = (9 4) x 2 = 5 x 2
) 2b 3b 2 = (2 3) b b 2 = 6 b3
b b = bn+ n
n
b b 2 = b1+ 2 = b3
10
. 8)

: y = kx + n - , n .
y

x = 1
x = 0,5
y = 0,5 ( 1) + 1, 2 =
y = 0, 5 ( 0,5 ) + 1, 2 =
= 0,5 + 1, 2 = 1, 7
= 0, 25 + 1, 2 = 1, 45
0,5 0, 5
__________
25
00
0, 25
y = 1, 2
1, 2 = 0, 5 x + 1, 2
x = 0, 5
y = 0,5 0,5 + 1, 2 =
0,5 x = 1, 2 1, 2
= 0, 25 + 1, 2 =
= 0, 25 + 1, 20 = 0, 95
0,5 x = 0
x=0
1, 20
0, 25
0, 95
0
1,7 1,45
0,95
11
1
x+2
3
x = 3 , x = 3
1
y = (3) + 2
3
3
= +2=
3
= 1 + 2 = 1
y=
x = 3 1.
y = x + 4
, y = 0
0 = x + 4
x=4
x = 4 .
)
12
1
x+2
2
y x -
y=
1
y = 0 + 2 = 2
2
1
1
1
y = 1 + 2 = + 2 = 2
2
2
2
1
y = 2 + 2 = 1+ 2 = 3
2
)
1
0 + 2 = 2
2
1
1
y = 1 + 2 = + 2 = 0,5 + 2 = 2, 5
2
2
1
y = 2 + 2 = 1+ 2 = 3
2
1
1
1
(1) + 2 = + 2 = 1 = 1, 5
2
2
2
1
y = 0 + 2 = 0 + 2 = 2
2
1
1
1
y = 1 + 2 = + 2 = 2
2
2
2
y=
y=
1
1
1 4 3
y = ( 1) + 2 = + 2 = + = = 1,5
2
2
2 2 2
13
1
1
y = x+
3
2
x = 2
1
1
y = 2 +
3
2
/ 2
2
1/3
y = /2 + /3
3
2
4 3
y= +
6 6
1
y=
6
)
14
)
3
) 2
)
1
)
5
.
:
)
. 9)
- ;
- .
3, 1.
HD , BF, CG
FG: BF, CG, EF, HG
HD
FG.
. 10)
:
1)
B
2) :
. 11)
a b , :
a 2 + b2 = c 2
:
P=
a b c hc
=
2
2
AC = 7cm
BC = 24cm
AB = ?
AB 2 = AC 2 + BC 2
AB 2 = 7cm 2 + 24cm2
AB 2 = 49cm 2 + 576cm 2
AB 2 = 625cm 2
AB = 625cm 2
AB = 25cm
)
AB h
2
10cm 8, 4cm
P=
2
2
84cm
P=
2
P = 42cm2
)
P=
: P = a b
a = 3, 5m
b = 2m
P = a b
P = 3,5m 2m
P = 7m2
)
a = 6cm
b = 8cm
c 2 = a 2 + b 2
c 2 = 6 2 cm + 82 cm
c 2 = 36cm2 + 64cm2
c 2 = 100cm2
c = 100cm 2
c = 10cm
10cm
. 12)
:
- ;
- ;
- .
- ,
()
- r -
- : P = r 2
- : O = 2r
r = 9cm
p=?
p = r 2
P = 9 2 cm
P = 81 cm 2
) C
r = 4,5cm
O=?
O = 2r
O 2 4,5cm 3
O 9 3cm
O 27cm
. 13)
:
- . P = 2 B + M , B - ()
M -
- . V = B H
-
B = a2
M = 4a H
D=
(a 2 )
-
P = 6a 2
V = a3
D=a 3
-
P = 2 ( ab + bc + ac )
V = a bc
D = a2 + b2 + c2
10
a = 0,5m
b = 0, 9m
H = 2, 2m
V =?
V = a b H
V = 0, 5m 0,9m 2, 2m
V = 0, 45m 2, 2m
V = 0, 99m3
0,99m3
a = 6cm

Pkocke = 6a 2
2
P = 6 6 cm
P = 6 36cm
P = 216cm

Vkocke = a 3
V = 6cm3
V = 216cm3
11
Pkvadrata = 2 ( a b + a c + b c )
P = 2 (9 6 + 9 4 + 6 4)
Vkvadra = a b c
P = 2 ( 54 + 36 + 24 )
V = 9 6 4cm3
P = 2 114
V = 216cm3
P = 228cm2
a = 8cm
P = 6 a 2
P = 6 82 cm 2
P = 6 64cm 2
P = 384cm 2
)
12
a = 6cm
H = 10cm
P = 2B + M
P = 2a 2 + 4a H
P = 2 6cm 2 + 4 6cm 10cm
P = 2 36cm2 + 240cm 2
P = 312cm 2
312cm 2
13
) 2 5
14
15
. 14)
.
:
16
17
18
19
. 15)

I
mm
cm
dm
m
km
1km = 1000m
1m = 10dm
1m = 100cm
1m = 1000mm
1dm = 10cm
II
mm 2
cm 2
dm 2
m 2
-
h -
1cm 2 = 100mm 2
1m 2 = 100dm 2
1dm 2 = 100cm 2
1m 2 = 10 000cm 2
1dm 2 = 100 100mm2

= 10 000mm
= 100
= 100m 2
1m 2 = 1000 000mm2
1h = 10 000m 2

1m 2 = 1m 1m =
= 10dm 10dm =
= 100dm 2
= 100 dm dm =
= 100 10cm 10cm =
= 100 100cm2 =
= 10 000cm 2 =
= 10 000 cm cm =
= 10 000 10mm 10mm =
= 10 000 100mm 2 =
= 1 000 000mm 2
1m 2 = 100dm 2 = 100 100cm2 = 10 000cm 2

1dm = 10cm
1dm 2 = 100cm 2
III
m3
dm3
cm3
mm3
l
1l = 1dm3
1m3 = 1000dm3
1m3 = 1000 000cm3
IV
g
kg
t
1kg = 1000 g
1t = 1000kg
V
s
min
h
d
1dan = 24h
1h = 60 min 1h = 3600 s
1min = 60 s
), ), ), )
) 119 mm ) 31cm, , ) 2 km ,
. . 15 m.
)
P = 2400m 2
- m 2 :
2400
P = 2400m 2 =
=24
100
1
2400
1m 2 =
2400m 2 =
100
100
) ) !
- m 2 h
2400
2400m 2 =
=24
100
24
24 =
h=0,24 h
100
1
24
1 =
h 24
h
100
100
)
) cm 2
, cm 2 .
)
1,5m = 1, 5 100cm = 150cm , 1m = 100cm

1,5h = 1, 5 60 min = 90 min , 1h = 60 min
1,5t = 1,5 1000kg = 1500 g , 1t = 1000kg
1,5dl = 1, 5 10cl = 15cl ,
1dl = 10cl
2 = 200 ,
1 = 100
2 = 730 ,
1 = 365
3 = 91 ,
2 = 60 , 1 = 31
4 = 96 ,
1 = 24
) 3km = 3 1000m = 3000m ,

) 20m = 20 100cm = 2000cm,
1km = 1000m
1m = 100cm
) 4,5t = 4,5 1000kg = 4500kg ,
1t = 1000kg
) 4 = 4 7 = 28 ,
1 = 7
2kg 20g
2kg = 2 1000 g = 2000 g ,
1kg = 1000 g
2000 g + 20 g = 2020 g
) 2020
= 3 90 ,
1
12 = 3
4
10 = 107 70
10 < = < 100
70 < = < 100
100 .
) 100
7
: 1000-300=700
700=500+200
500 200 (
), 2 .
)
4850
) 48 100 = 4800
) 24 200 = 4800
) 9 500 = 4800
) 97 50 = 4850
)
:
6 50 + 7 20 =
300 + 140 = 440
: 500
500 440 = 60
60
( ):
100 + 20 + 10 + 5 1 =
100 + 20 + 10 + 5 = 135
: 22 + 17 + 90 = 129
: 135 129 = 6
)
200 = 4 50
3 200 = 3 4 50
3 200 = 12 50
12 50 .
100
=1857g
1857 :100 = 18,57 19
)
. 16)

;
, .
3 .
:
1. 5 ( 0, 1, 2, 3 4 )
2. 5 ( 6, 7, 8 9 )
3. 5
1. 5 ( 0, 1, 2, 3 4 ) .
.1. : 128,4637
- , 5
128,4637
128,46
3<5
2. 5 ( 6, 7, 8 9 )
1.
-. 1. : 123,4867.
.
123,48 67
123,49
6>5
10
-. 2. : 12,37
- , 5
12,37
12,4
7>5
3+1
3. 5 :
3.1 5 ( ) :
) 5 1, .
) 5 5 .
.1. : 123,75 , 5
123,75
123,8
7neparan broj
7+1
3.2 5 5 1.
.1. 123,46587 , 5
11
) : 0,152 0,152
- , 5
0,152
0,2
1+1=2
3.2 . 16)
) : 0,205
0,205
0
0,205
0,2
0<5

1 . 16)
) 0,2 km.
b) 0,2 km.
12
) ) ,
.
) 1,75 g
m = 7,116 g

)
6
6>5 2 . 16)
)
1
1<5 1 . 16)
13
l
km
g
cm
kg
14

.

x y
A ( x, y )
x - x - -
y - y - -
B
A
x y
2, 2
L ( 7, 2 )
H ( 7, 5 )
N (2, 5 )
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
1 2 34 5 6 7
( 7, 9 )
( 3, 5 )
.
140 .
) ,
) .
) .
) 1,80%.
- .
100 764,00 .
2 492,00 400 .
300 .
52 .
10
3
2
1
1
8
10
5
11
12
13
. 17)
:
:
G : P = 100 : p

, (
)
G : P = 100 : p
3800 : P = 100 : 2
100 P = 3800 2
100 P = 7600
7600
100
P = 76
P=
76 .
G : P = 100 : p
40 : P = 100 : 65
100 P = 40 65
100 P = 2600
2600
100
P = 26
P=
26 .
14
G : P = 100 : p
80 : P = 100 : 80
100 P = 80 80
100 P = 6400
6400
100
P = 64
P=
64.
G : P = 100 : p
30 : P = 100 : 80
100 P = 80 30
100 P = 2400
6400
100
P = 24
P=
24 .
G : P = 100 : p
4000 : P = 100 :10
100 P = 4000 10
100 P = 40000
40000
100
P = 400
P=
400 .
15

. 18)
.

,
.

- .
- .

,
.
A -A .

.
:

+ A = , > 0
.
A = , < 0

A = A

1.

1
.
A
:
1 1 10 10
=
=
2 2 10 20
2
22
4
=
=
0, 2 =
10 10 2 20
5
55
25
=
=
4
45
20
11 11 2
22
=
=
10 10 2
20
25
22 4 10
<
<
<
20
20 20 20
5
11
1
< < 0, 2 <
4
10
2
)
.
29 29 2 58
=
=
= 0, 58
50 50 2 100
1 1 5 5
=
=
= 0,5
2 2 5 10
11 11 5 55
=
=
= 0,55
20 20 5 100
49
= 0, 49
100
3
0,54<_____<0,56 0,55 =
: 0,54 <
11
20
11
< 0,56
20
1
1 5
5
=
=
2
25
10
2
0, 2 =
10
12
1, 2 =
10
1 3 3 5 15
1 = =
=
2 2 2 5 10
12
10
5
10
2
10
15
10
12
5
2 15
< <
<
10
10 10 10
1
1
1, 2 < < 0, 2 < 1
2
2
1
1 , 1, 2
2
1,8 + 0, 2 ( 2, 25 1, 2 ) =
1,8 + 0, 2 1, 05 =
1,8 + 0, 21 = 2, 01
, .
1 8 2 1
3 + : =
2 3 3 6
1 8 4 2 6 2
3 +

=
21 3 31 1
1 4 2 2
3 + =
1 3 1 1
4 4
3 + =
3 1
4
3 + + 4 =
3
4
4 3 4 7
1
3 + + 4 = 1 + = + = = 2
3
3 3 3 3
3
A = 3 2 7 + 5 2 + 3 + 4
A = 3 5 + 5 5 =
a = a, a = a
A = 3 5 + 5 5 =
A = 15 + 25 = 10
A = 10;
A = 10;
A = 10 = 10;
1 1
=
A 10
1 1
3 1
3 1 2
3 2
a) 4 =
4 = 4 = 4 =1
41
4 2
4 22
4 4
) 3, 2 ( 4,3 + 5, 7 ) = 3, 2 10 = 32
5
2
-2
1
5
-1
2
5
1
2
-1
5
2
1
5
2 0, 2, 4, 6, 8
9 9.
816 372 2 9. 2 9:
8+1+6+3+7+2=27 27:9=3
9 9.
128* : 1+2+8=11
) 11+1=12 12 9
) 11+2=13 13 9
6
) 11+5=16 16 9
) 11+7=18 18:9=2, 18 9
)
{3428, 2145, 19, 760, 23, 222, 63}

) 5.
0 5
5 2145, 760
) 3
2145 - 2 + 1 + 4 + 5 = 12 12 : 3 = 4
6:3 = 2
222 - 2 + 2 + 2 = 6
63 - 6 + 3 = 9
9:3 = 3
3 2145, 222, 63
) 2
0, 2, 4, 6, 8 3428, 760, 222 2.
) 9
9 63 - 6+3=9 9:9=1
63 9
3 5
1305, 5, 5,
3 1 + 3 + 0 + 5 = 9 : 3 = 3 , 3
)
:
3 145 = 435
2 120
2 120 = 240
5 88
5 82 = 410
320 117 320 117 = 203
3 145
435 + 240 + 410 + 203 = 1288

1288 .
:
6 6 10 = 60
2
2 0 = 0
10 ( 6 + 2 ) = 10 8 = 2 , 2 ( 5 ) = 10
60 + 0 + ( 10) = 60 10 = 50
50 .
1
360km = 120km 120km 60km / h
3
120km
1
2 .
= 2h,
60km / h
3
2
360km = 240km 240km 80km / h
3
240km
2
3 , , 2+3=5 .
= 3h,
80km / h
3
5 .
2 1, 0079 = 2.0158 -
1 15, 999 = 15,999 -
2, 0158 + 15,999 = 18, 0148 - .
18,0148.
750 : 25 = 30 -
20 , 30-20=10 .
750 :10 = 75 750
750 75 .
10

. 19)

.
: ax + by = s
cx + dy = t
a,b,c,d , x y .
1)
2)

.
1. 2x + y = 0
x- y=3
2x + y = 0
3x = 3

2x + y = 0
x=1
21 + y = 0
y = -2
2)
:
,
.
.
2. 2x + y = 0
x -y=3
x =3 -y

2( 3 - y ) + y = 0
x=3 -y
6 2y + y = 0

x=3 -y
y = 6______
x=36
x = -3

2 x + 3 y = 4 / 3
3 x + 2 y = 7 / 2
6 x + 9 y = 12
+
6 x + 4 y = 14
13 y = 26
26
13
y=2
y=
y .
y = 2 2x + 3 y = 4
2x + 3 2 = 4
2x = 4 6
2 x = 2
x = 1
: ( x, y ) = ( 1, 2 )
)
3x + 3
7x + 2
= x
3
5
( ) 3 5
(3,5)=15
3x + 3 x 7 x + 2
=
/ 15
3
1
5
3x + 3
x
7x + 2
15 5
= 15 15 3
31
1
51
5 ( 3 x + 3) = 15 x 3 ( 7 x + 2 )
15 x + 15 = 15 x 21x 6
15 x 15 x + 21x = 6 15
21x = 21
21
21
x = 1
x=
( 1, 2 )
.
)
x = 1
y = 2
x 2y 3 = 0
y = x3
1 2 ( 2 ) 3 = 1 + 4 3 = 0
2 = 1 3
( 1, 2 )
3
)
2x 2 y 3 = 0
x + 2 y = 3
2 ( 1) 2 ( 2 ) 3 = 2 + 4 3 = 1
( 1, 2 )
)
x = y 3
2y = x 3
1 = ( 2 ) 3
1 = 2 3
1 = 1
2 ( 2 ) = 1 3
4 = 1 1
4 = 4
( 1, 2 ) )
)
m+2
m +1
1 = 0, 5
2
4
m + 2 1 1 m +1
=
/ ( 2, 4 ) = 4
2
1 2
4
m+2
1
1
m +1
4 = 4 2 4
42
21
1
21
4
2 ( m + 2 ) 4 = 2 1( m + 1)
2m + 4 4 = 2 m 1
2m + m = 2 1
3m = 1
m=
1
3
2x 3 5x 6
= 2 / ( 3, 6 ) = 6
3
6
2x 3
5x 6
61
= 6 ( 2 )
62
31
61
2 ( 2 x 3) 1( 5 x 6 ) = 12
4 x 6 5 x + 6 = 12
x = 12
/ ( 1)
x = 12
10 20
)
. 20)

a ,
:
1)
( a)
= a,
2)
a2 = a
3)
ab =
4)
a
b
a , a .
a0
b , a, b 0
a
, a 0, b >0
b
)
23 ( 0,5 ) =
2
8 ( 0, 25 ) = 7, 75
)
(5
33 ) =
2
( 25 27 )
( 2 )
= 22 = 4 ( a ) = a n , n
n
)
144 + 2 81 112 =
12 + 2 9 11 =
12 + 18 11 = 19
212 43
85

4 = 22
8= 23
212 ( 22 )
(2 )
3 5
( )
22 = 223 = 26
212 26 218
= 15
215
2
23
218
215
1815
=2
= 23
4
9
3 1
1 =
9
16
4 25
3 1
=
9 16
2 5
3 1 =
3 4
3 2 5
3 =
3 3 4
1 5 5
1
3 = =1
3 4 4
4
)
9
: 0,36 =
25
25 9
36
:
=
25
100
16
9
:
=
25 25
4 3
: =
5 5
4 5 4
1
= =1
5 3 3
3
3 92
( 3 )
3 ( 32 )
34
3 3 4
= 4 =3
3
) 3
54 53 = 54+ 3 = 57
(2 )
3 4
= 2 24 = 243 = ( 24 ) 3
35 : 34 = 35 4 = 31 = 3
9 + 16 = 3 + 4 = 7
. 21)

(A + B)2 =
(A B) 2 =
A2 + 2 AB + B 2
A2 2 AB + B 2

A2 B 2 = ( A B ) ( A + B )
( A + B)
= A2 + 2 AB + B 2
( 2 x + 0, 2 )
4 x 2 + 0,8 x + 0, 04
= 0, 2m + 0, 4n
A2 = ( 0, 2m + 0, 4n ) = 0, 04m 2 + 0,16m n + 0,16n 2
B = 0, 4m + 0, 2n
B 2 = ( 0, 4m + 0, 2n ) = 0,16m 2 + 0,16m n + 0, 04n 2
C = 0, 2m 0, 4n
C 2 = ( 0, 2m 0, 4n ) =
2
2
= ( 0, 2m ) 2 ( 0, 2m ) 0, 4n + ( 0, 4n ) =
2
= 0, 4m2 + 0,16m n + 0,16n 2

D = 0, 2m 0, 4n
D 2 = ( 0, 2m 0, 4n ) = 0, 04m 2 0,16m n + 0,16n 2

2
: A2 = C 2
)
K = 0, 2a + 0,3b
S = 0, 4a 0, 2b
)
K + S = ( 0, 2a + 0,3b ) + ( 0, 4a 0, 2b )
= 0, 2a + 0, 4a + 0, 3b 0, 2b
= 0, 6a + 0,1b
)
K S = ( 0, 2a + 0, 3b ) ( 0, 4a 0, 2b )
= 0, 2a + 0, 4a 0,3b + 0, 2b
= 0, 2a 0, 4a + 0,3b + 0, 2b
= 0, 2a + 0, 5b
10
)
K S = ( 0, 2a + 0, 3b ) ( 0, 4a 0, 2b )
= 0, 2a 0, 4a + ( 0, 2a ( 0, 2b ) + 0,3b 0, 4b + 0,3b ( 0, 2b ) )
= 0, 08a 2 0, 04ab + 0,12ab 0, 06b 2
= 0, 08a 2 + 0, 08ab 0, 06b 2
( 2a + 3) ( 5a + 3) = 10a 2 + 9 , .
( 2a + 3) ( 5a + 3) = 2a ( 5a ) 2a 3 + 3 ( 5a ) + 3 3 =
= 10a 2 6a 15a + 9 =
= 10a 2 21a + 9
)
( 2 x 3)
= 4 x 2 12 x + 9 , .
( 2 x 3)
= 4 x 2 12 x + 9
( 2a + 3) ( 3a + 2 ) = 6a 2 13a + 6 , .
( 2a + 3) ( 3a + 2 ) = 2a ( 3a ) 2a 2 + 3 ( 3a ) + 3 2
= 6 a 2 4a 9a + 6 =
= 6a 2 13a + 6
)
( 2a + 3)
= 4 x 2 + 9 , .
( 2a + 3)
= 4 x 2 + 12 x + 9
11
: ( A B ) = A2 2 AB + B 2
2
1
1 2
1
1 2
2
2
m n = m 2 mn + n = m mn + n
4
2
4
2
4 280g , 3 .
:
4 : 3 = 280 : X
4 x = 3 280
3 280
4
x = 3 70
x=
x = 210 g
3 210g .
12
480-
-
: = 7 : 8
x : 480 = 7 : 8
8 x = 7 480
7 480
8
x = 7 60
x=
x = 420
+ = 420+480=900
" " 900
13
2
x
1
( 0, 0 ) ( 4, 2 ). x y
x y.
x=4
y=2
1
1
4
) y = x 2 = 4 2 = -
3
3
3
1
1
) y = x 2 = 4 2 = 2 -
2
2
) y = 2 x 2 = 2 2 2 = 4 -
) y = 3 x 2 = 3 4 2 = 12 -
)
14
- , -
() () .
:
: = 2 :1
x : y = 2 :1
x = 2y
y=
1
x
2
, ( , )
1
y = x
2
)
1
( x, y ) = (2,3) 3 = 2
2
)
1
( x, y ) = (4,1) 1 = 4 2
2
)
1
1
( x, y ) = (2,1) 1 = 2 = 1 , ( x, y ) = (2,1) ) y = x
2
2
)
1
( x, y ) = (2, 4) 4 = 2 = 4 .
2
)
15
8 2400
12
x : 2400 = 12 : 8
8 x = 12 2400
12 2400
x=
8
x = 12 300
300
x = 3600
) 12m 3600 .
)
8 2400
750
x : 8 = 750 : 2400
2400 x = 8 750
8 750
x=
2400 300
750 75
=
300 30
x = 2,5
x=
) 750 2,5 .
16
:
- , -
5kg J + 2kg T = 300
5 J + 2 T = 300
5 J = 156
156 + 2 T = 300
2T = 300 156
2T = 144
144
2
T = 72
72 .
T=
:
30 ,
x
2
30 50 , : 30 50 = 1500
:
x x
x = +
2 2
:
x
x = + 1500
2
x
x = 1500
2
2x x
= 1500
2
x
= 1500
2
x = 3000 .
3000 .
17
: O = a + 2b
:
a=x
b = x+3
O = 42cm
O = a + 2b
42 = x + 2 ( x + 3)
42 = x + 2 x + 6
42 6 = 3 x
36 = 3 x
36
3
x = 12 .
x=
x + 36 = 12 + 3 = 15cm
:
I : 375
II : 375kg-105kg=270kg
III :
1200 kg-357 kg-270kg- kg =200 kg
555kg Xkg = 200kg
Xkg = 555kg 200kg
Xkg = 355kg
355 .
18
,
.
x
, :
3
x 2
: x = x
3 3
800 .
2x
= 800
3
x 2x
+
3 3
x
x = + 800
3
x
x = 800
3
2x
= 800
3
2 x = 2400
x = 1200
x=
1200 .
19
. 22)
.
+ = 90 , .
.
+ = 180 , .
, .
180 .
.

180
360
+ + = 180
1 + 1 + 1 = 360
180 ,
.
,
.
aOc aOc = 90o
bOc = aOc aOb = 900 350 = 550

dOc dOc = 900
bOd = dOc + bOc = 900 + 550 = 1450
) bOc 550
) bOd 1450
ako je 900
) 230 + 37 0 = 600
) 230 + 67 0 = 900
) 230 + 77 0 = 1000 .
) 230 + 157 0 = 1800 .
)
1800 , 900 ,
900 , .
+ + = 1800
= 900
+ = 1800 900
+ = 900

)
1250 , 1800
+ 1250 = 1800 = 1800 1250

= 550
1250 , .
= 1250
700 , 300
700 + + 300 = 180
+ 1000 = 1800
= 1800 1000
= 800
1800
) 500 + 500 + 500 = 1500
) 600 + 600 + 400 = 1400
) 400 + 700 + 700 = 1800 400 , 700 700
) 800 + 800 + 400 = 2000
a -
b -
c -
A H D
:
2
c2 = ( a b ) + h2
2
c 2 = ( 8 6 ) + 42
c 2 = 22 + 4 2
c 2 = 4 + 16
c 2 = 20
c = 20
c = 45
c=2 5
c = 2 5cm
.
:
A + B + C = 1800
350 + B + 600 = 1800

B = 1800 350 600
B = 850
B > C > A b > c > a
)
, .
ba <c <b+a
: 50cm, 60cm, 90cm
60 50 = 10 < 90 < 50 + 60 = 100
.
: 40cm, 50cm, 100cm
50 40 = 10 < 100 < 40 + 50 = 90
: 40cm, 20cm, 20cm
40 20 = 20 < 20 < 40 + 20 = 60
: 20cm, 10cm, 10cm
20 10 = 10 < 40 < 20 + 10 = 30
.

: c = 13m
:
a = 5m
a 2 + b 2 = c 2
52 + b 2 = 132
b 2 = 132 52
b 2 = 169 25
b 2 = 144
b = 144
b = 12m
6
P=
a b

2
5 12
P=
2
P = 56
P = 30m 2
30m 2
P = r 2
1225 m 2 = r 2
r 2 = 1225m 2
r = 1225m 2
r = 35m
r r1 = 10m
35m r1 = 10m
r1 = 25m
:
P = r12
P = 252
P = 625 m2
625 m 2
O = 2r
2r = 16 cm
2r = 16
r = 8cm
P = r 2
P = 82
P = 64 cm 2
)
R = 100cm
r = 50cm
.
7 000 ( )
7 000.
OK = 2r
S
OK = 2 50
S = OK 7000
OK = 100 cm
S = 100 cm 7000
S = 700000 cm
S 700000
22
1
cm = 2 200 000cm = 22 000m = 22 000
km = 22km
7
1000
22 km
P1 = r12 cm
O1 = 16 cm
P1 = 82
2r1 = 16 cm
P1 = 64 cm 2
r1 = 8cm
P2 = r22 cm
O2 = 10 cm
P2 = 52
2r2 = 10 cm
P2 = 25 cm 2
r2 = 5cm
P = P1 P2
= r12 r22 = ( r12 r22 ) = ( 82 52 ) =

= ( 64 25 ) = 39 cm2
39 cm 2
P = P1 P2 = r12 r22 = ( r12 r22 )

16 = P1 9
P1 = 25 cm 2
P1 = r12 cm 2
r12 = 25
r1 = 25
r1 = 5cm
5cm
. 23)
- .
B=
a2 3
M= 3aH
4
P = 2B + M P=2
V=BH
V=
a2 3
+ 3aH
4
a2 3
H
4
- .
B=6
a2 3
4
M=6 a H
P = 2B + M
V=BH
P=26
V=6
a2 3
+6 a H
4
a2 3
H
4
, . H = a .
P = 2B + M
a2 3
P = 2
+ 3 a H
4
42 3
P= 2
+ 3 4 2
42
8
P=
16 3
+ 24
2
P = 8 3 + 24cm 2
P =8
3 + 3 cm 2
3 + 3 cm 2
10
.
1
V = BH
3
1 3 a2 3
V = 6
3
42
1 3 2
a 3H
3 2
1
= a2 3 H
2
1
= 32 3 3 3
2
1
= 9 3 3 3
2
1
= 27 3 3
2
V=
V
V
V
V
1
27 3
2
81
V = cm3
2
V = 40,5cm3
V=
40, 5cm3
11
P = B+M

B = a2
a2 3
M = 4
4
a2 3
P = a2 + 4
4
P = a2 + a2 3
P = 62 + 62 3
P = 36 + 36 3
P = 36 1 + 3 cm 2
36 1 + 3 cm 2
.!
a = 2cm
a = 2 + 2 = 4cm
b = 2cm
c = 2cm
P = 2 ( a b + b c + a c )
P = 2 ( 4 2 + 2 2 + 4 2)
P = 2 ( 8 + 4 + 8)
P = 2 20
P = 40cm 2
40cm2
12
P = B+M
B=
a2 3
4
P=
a2 3
a2 3
+ 3
4
4
P= 4
M = 3
a2 3
, .
4
a2 3
4 .
4
P = a2 3
P = 82 3
P = 64 3cm 2
64 3cm2
. 24)
P = 4 r 2
V=
4 3
r
3
P = 4r 2
P = 4 32
P = 4 9
P = 36 cm 2
V=
4 3
r
3
13
4 3
3
3
9
4
V = 27
3
V = 4 9
V=
V = 36 cm3
. 25)
P = r 2 + r s
V=
1 2
r H
3
r1 = 5cm
H1 = 9cm
1
V1 = r12 H1
3
1
V1 = 52 9
3
1
V1 = 1 25 9 3
3
V1 = 75 cm3
r2 = 10cm
H 2 = 3cm
1
V2 = r22 H 2
3
1
V2 = 10 2 3
3
V2 = 100 cm3
75 cm3 < 100 cm3

V1 < V2
)
14
1
V = r 2 H
3
1
V = H 2 H
3
1
V = H 3
3
3
1
V = 6 2
3
1
V = 216 2 2
3
, r = H
V = 72 2 2 = 144 2 cm3
144 2 cm3
. 26)
P = 2 r 2 + 2 r H
V = r2 H
PA = 2r + 2r H
PB = 2r ( r + H )
PA = 2r ( r + H )
PB = 2 3 ( 3 + 8 )
PA = 2 12 14
PB = 6 11
PA = 336 cm 2
PB = 66 cm 2
15
)
PB = 2r ( r + H )
PB = 2 6 ( 6 + 4 )
PB = 12 10
PB = 120 cm 2
)
V1 = r12 H1
V2 = r22 H 2
V1 = 22 4
V2 = 42 1
V1 = 4 4
V2 = 16 1
V1 = 16 cm 2
V2 = 16 cm3
V1 = V2
j )
.
)
16
.
4
.
)
S ) S-
)
17
18
.
) 0,305kg = 0,305 1000g = 305g
) 0,35kg = 0,35 1000g = 350g
) 325g
) 302g
302g < 305g < 325g < 350g 302g
) 302g
)
.
2m 5dm = 2 10 dm + 5 dm = 20 dm + 5 dm = 25 dm
2,5 dm < 25 dm 2,5 dm > 2 m 5 dm
2 m = 2 10 dm = 20 dm
20 dm < 22 dm 2 m > 22 dm
3 kg = 3 1000 g = 3000 g
3000 g > 300 g 3 kg < 300 g
2 t = 2 1000 kg = 2000 kg
2000 kg > 200 kg 2 t > 200 kg
1
( km )
1
km = 308 km
308 000 m = 308 000
1000
1
1
2 720 000 dm = 2 720 000
m = 272 000 m = 272 000
km = 272 km
10
1000
295 km
308 km
202 km
185 km
272 km
, .
.
) 1 kg 20 g = 1000 g + 20 g = 1 020 g
) 1,2 kg = 1,2 1000 g = 1 200 g
) 1 022 g
) 1,002 kg = 1,002 1000 g = 1 002 g
: 1 002 g < 1 020 g < 1 022 g < 1200g
).
).
2

1, 35 kg = 1, 35 1000 g = 1 350 g
1 kg 290 g = 1 1000 g + 290 g = 1 290 g
1 350 g > 1 340 g > 1 290 g

1, 35 kg > 1 340 g > 1 kg 290 g
1 dolar
52,99 dolara
0,75 evra
X evra
1 : 52,99 = 0,75 : X
).
1
47
118
X
1 : 47 = 118 : X
X = 118 47
X = 5 546
3 5 546 , 5 800 .
5 800 5 546 = 254 .
100 72
75 X
100 : 75 = 72 : X
100 X = 72 75
72 75
X=
100
X = 54
75 54 .
1
200
1,25
X
1 : 200 = 1,25 : X
X = 1,25 200
X = 250
200 250 .
400 150 .
150 ., 82 .
1
150
82
X
1 : 150 = 82 : X
X = 82 150
X = 12 300
12 300 .
1
10
105
X
1 : 10 = 105 : X
X = 10 105
X = 1 050
10 1050 .
1
X
12,50
1 050
1 : X = 12,50 : 1 050
12,50 X = 1 050
1050
X=
12,50
105000
1250
X = 84
X=
10 84 .
1 = 1000 m
1
1000
1000 m =
m = 333,3333333
3
3
333,3333333 330.
).
:
, :
110 109 109,2
110 109,2 = 0,8
109,2 - 109 = 0,2
109,2 109, 110.
.
, :
3,5 3,4 3,4556
3,5 3,4556 = 0,0444
3,4556 3,4 = 0,0556
3,4556 3,5.
.
, :
500 499 499,4
500 499,4 = 0,6
499,4 499 = 0,4
499,4 499.
.
2103 : 7 = 300, 4
21
00
0
03
0
30
28
2
2103:7=300,4
) ) ,
) ) :
) 301 300,4 = 0,6
)300,4 300 = 0,4
. 300,4 )
)
! . 16). .
)
3.2 . 16)
)
1 . 16)
1 . 16)
3.2 . 16)

. 27)

-
-
Z
A(4, 2)
-
y A , y A = 2, , yB = 2 .
- OY X B - , X B = 4 ,
OY - , X C - OY - .
B : X B = 4; YB = 2
C : X C = 4; YC = 2
B ( 4, 2 )
(1,2)
F (3, 3) B (3, 3) - .
E (2,1) C (2,1) - .
G (4, 2) A(4, 2) - .
. 28)

n .
a1 + a2 + ... + an
AS =
n
Y
- 30
-
20
-
25
- 35
-
25
-
45

30 + 20 + 25 + 35 + 25 + 45 180
x=
=
= 30
6
6
30 .
:
.
81 + 84 + 76 + 78 + 82 + 86 + 72 + 73
8
632
AS =
8
AS = 79
AS =

78 4.
4 .
.
-
88 + 86 + 83 + 107 + 92 + 102 558
=
=
= 93
6
6

93 .
:
- 5
1,5 + 2 + 3, 5 + 5 15
=
= = 3
5
5
.

5 3
a) 395 .
) .
10
. 29)

-
-
.
. 1 2, 5, 11, 6, 8, 10, 23
-23, 2, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11,
- 6
. 2 -32, 4, 64, -3, 567, 4561
-32, -3. 4, 64, 567, 4561

4 64 256
=
= 128
2
2
:
12
13
11
17
.
4
9
11
12
13
17
, 6, 2.
11 + 12 23
M=
=
2
2
M = 11,5
11,5
11
165cm 164
165
165cm 168cm 167
168
169
169cm 172cm
170

172
170
173cm 175cm
173

174
176cm 178cm 176

178cm 180
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
2
2,5
3
1
1,5
2
1
2,5
4
3
1
0,5
h 1 4 .
1 < h 2 3
2 < h 3 4
h > 3 1 .
( h )
h 1
1 < h 2
2 < h 3
h > 3
.
54
64
72
78
147
194
251
, , : 78
78
13
10
14
) :
.
=
5 5 + 7 4 + 10 3 + 5 2 + 3 1
=
5 + 7 + 10 + 5 + 3 =
25 + 28 + 30 + 10 + 3 96
=
30
30
= 3, 2
=
3,2
p = 15%
G : P = 100 : p
G = 4260
4260 : P = 100 :15

100 P = 4260 15
P=
4260 15
100
3
P=
426 15
10
2
426 3
2
P = 213 3
P = 639
P=
639 .
15
25 20 , 12%
I
p = 12%
1 = 200 .
25 = 25200=5000
G= 5000 .
G : P = 100 : p
5000 : P = 100 :12

100 P = 5000 12
50 00 12
100
P = 50 12
P = 600 - 25
P=
5000-600=4400 25 .
4400 .
II
G = 200
p = 12%
200 : P = 100 :12

100 P = 200 12
200 12
100
P = 24 , .
200-24=176 1 , 25 : 25176=4400
4400 .
2
P=
16
G = 200
P = 48
G : P = 100 : p
200 : 48 = 100 : p
200 p = 48 100
p=
48 100
2 200
48
2
p = 24%
p=
24% .
G = 630
20%
p = 100 20 = 80%
G : P = 100 : p
630 : P = 100 : 80
100 P = 630 80
630 80
P=
100 5
630 4
51
P = 126 4
P = 504
126
P=
504
17
G = 60
P=6
60 : 6 = 100 : p
60 p = 6 100
6 100
60
600
p=
60
p = 10%
p=
18
A: B = ?
1 1
1 1
A = 1 : 1
B = + 1 : + 1
4 8
3 6
3 7 3 82 6
1 4 1 8
A = : = : =
=
4 8 14 7 7
4 4 8 8
2
8
1 1 1 3 1 6 4 7 4 6
B = + 1 : + 1 = + : + = : =
=
3 6 3 3 6 6 3 6 13 7 7
A: B =
6 8 6 71 63 3
: =
= 4 =
7 7 17 8
8
4
( 0, 7 + 0,3 4 1: 0,5 ) : ( 0,1) + 1,1 =

= ( 0, 7 + 1, 2 2 ) : ( 0,1) + 1,1 =
= ( 2, 7 + 1, 2 ) : ( 0,1) + 1,1 = ( 1,5 ) : ( 0,1) + 1,1 =
= 15 :1 + 1,1 = 15 + 1,1 = 16,1
1 2 3 1 4
4 : 1 =
2 5 5 5 5
1 2 3 1 1
1 2 3
= 4 : = 4 + 1 =
2 5 5 5 5
2 5 5
1 2 8
9 6 45 + 12
33
= 4 = + =
=
2 5 5
2 5
10
10
1
1
1
A = 4 : ( 0,85 ) : ( 5,56 + 4, 06 ) =
2
4
3
= {4, 25 : ( 0,85 ) 0,5} : {( 1,5 ) ( 0,33)} =
= {5 0,5} : {0,54} = 4, 5 : 0,5 = 9
A=9
3+ 2
5
1 1
B = 6 6 + = 6 6
= 6 61 = 6 5 = 1
6
61
2 3
B =1
A + B 9 + 1 10
=
= =5
2
2
2
A B = ?+
6 21 51
A = 1+ 3 : 1
5 5 42
A = 1 + 31
8 7 6
B=
3 3 7
5 1
5 1 2 + 5 1 6
= 1+ =
= =3
2
6
2
2 2
2
2
8 7 62 8
86 2
B= 1
= 2=
=
3 3 7 3
3
3
2
A B = 3 = 2
3
2
A = 3, B = , A B = 2
3
6 2 3.
. a 1.
0
2
3
10 23 , .
2, (4, 6 8)
3 3.
4, 6 8.
4 10 234
: 1 + 0 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10
3, 4.
6 : 10 236
1 + 0 + 2 + 3 + 6 = 12
3 12 : 3 = 4
6.
: 10236
18 2 9
9999 18. 2
9 9.
999, 27.
, 0, 2, 4 ,6 8, 27
9.
27+0=27 9. 0.
9 9990
9990.
180 < < 200

4 6
12 (4,6)
181 199 12.
192 192:12=16
192 .
12 3 4
3 4.
999, 4
3 4
99 9+9=18
3 0, 3, 6, 9
4 4
6 996 9+9+6=24 3
96 4 996 3 4
996
4, 2, 4 _ 2
9 9.
: 4+2=6
3 12, 6+3=9 6+12=18 ,
9.
- 3: x + y = 3
X Y :
X =0 Y =3
X =1 Y = 2
- 12: X + Y = 12
X Y :
X =3 Y =9
X =4 Y =8
X =5 Y =7
X =6 Y =6
:
4023, 4320, 4122, 4221
4329, 4923, 4428, 4824
4527, 4725, 4626,
.
4122, 4923, 4725
60 600 .
1 10 .
1
60 = 3 , 3 .
20
, 3 9 .
12 .
1 10 . 12
120 .
120 .
-
-
T = 3 H
T + H = 20
T = 3 H
3 H + H = 20
T = 3 H
4 H = 20
T = 3 H
20
4
T = 3 H
H=
H =5
H =5
T = 3 5 = 15
15 .
= 11, 4m2
P = 11, 4m 2 2,1m 2 = 9, 3m 2
P
= P : 2 = 9,3m 2 : 2 = 4, 65m2
= P : 3
= 11, 4m 2 : 3 = 3,8m 2
= 5 P
= 5 3,8m 2 = 19m 2
= P : 2
= 11, 4m 2 : 2 = 5, 7 m 2
2 !

P = 9, 3 + 4, 65 + 3,8 + 19 + 5, 7 + 2 11, 4 = 65, 25
65,25m
P-
1
P = 12000 - .
8
P = 12000 8
P = 96000
.
2
P
3
2
96 000 = 2 32 000 = 64 000
3
:
96 000 ( 64 000 + 12 000 ) = 96 000 76 000 = 20 000
20 000
1 :
4 35 435=140
3 25 325=75
60
1 : 140+75+60=275
1500:2755,46
6 1500
6 .
( 2 x 1) ( 2 x 1)( 2 x + 1) 0
2
2
4 x 2 4 x + 1 ( 2 x ) 12 0
4x2 4x +1 4x2 + 1 0
2 4x 0
4x 2
2
4
1
x
2
x
1
.
2
a + b = 28
1
1
3
a= ba= b
3
4
4
3
b + b = 28
4
7
b = 28
4
4
4
b = 28 = 16
71
a = 28 16
12, 16.
= 3
( 10 ) = 5 ( 10 )
- 10
3 10 = 5 ( 10 )
3 10 = 5 50
5 3 = 50 10
2 = 40
= 20
= 20
=320=60
60 .
3x 2 1 2 x
<3
4
2
3x 2 2 + 4 x
<3
4
7x 4
<3
4
7 x 4 < 12
7 x < 16
16
2
x<
= 2 x {1, 2} .
7
7
x {1, 2} 3.
6 2x
>4
3
12 ( 6 2 x )
>4
3
12 6 + 2 x
>4
3
6 + 2 x > 12
2x > 6
x>3
4
5 2 32 + 50 5 2 4 2 + 4 5 2
=
=
7 2
7 2
5 2 4 2 + 20 2 21 2 21
=
=
=3
7
7 2
7 2
) 3
:
2
x2 x4 x5
x 2 + 4+5
x11
2
2
10
10
: x = 1+3 : x = 4 : x10 = x11 4 : x10 = x 7 : x10 = x 72 : x10 = x14 : x10 = x1410 = x 4

3
x x
x
, .
, .
x =
x4 =
( 5)2
[ 25 ]
( 5)2
( )
= [5] = 5 4 = 625
4
4
2
( 6 ) 0,36 2 =
9
2
3 36 0,6 2 =
3
2 6 0,6 2 =
3,6
-3,6
4
1
1
2
1
1 : 27
3
80 2 4 5 =
( 16 5 2 4 5 ) =
3 4
: 2 ( 4 5 2 4 5 ) =
2 3
7
3 4
7
: 2
2 3
7
3 42
7
1
:2 +2 =
2
3
7
7
= 2 : 2 + 2 = 1+ 2 = 3
3
322 = 1024
a ) 10, 24 = 3, 2
) 102400 = 320
) 0,1021 = 0,32
2 + 2
( + ) + 2 + 2 2 + 2
2
: 2 + 2 = ( + ) 2 2 + 2 +
2
+ = 5, a b =
1
4
a 2 + b 2 = ( a + b ) 2ab
2
a 2 + b2 = ( 5) 2
2
1
4
2
a 2 + b 2 = 25
1
2
1
2
)
a 2 + b 2 = 24
: ( a + b ) = a 2 + 2ab + b 2
2
( a + 3) ( 2a + 1)( a + 2 ) + 2a (1 4a ) =
2
= a 2 + 6a + 9 ( 2a 2 4a + a + 2 ) + 2a 8a 2 =
= a 2 + 6 a + 9 + 2 a 2 + 4 a a 2 + 2 a 8a 2 =
= 5a 2 + 11a + 7
: ( a + b ) = a 2 + 2ab + b 2
2
2x 5y ( 2 x + 5 y )
3x 4 y ( 3 x ) + ( 4 y )
2
( 2x + 5 y )
( 3x ) + ( 4 y )
2
}=
= 4 x 2 + 20 xy + 25 y 2 {9 x 2 + 16 y 2 }
= 4 x 2 + 20 xy + 25 y 2 9 x 2 16 y 2 =
= 5 x 2 + 20 xy + 9 y 2
: a 2 b 2 = ( a b )( a + b )
( a 1)( 2a + 1) ( a 6 )( a + 6 ) =
= 2a 2 + a 2a 1 ( a 2 36 ) =
= 2a 2 a 1 a 2 + 36 =
= a 2 a + 35
)
) 72 32 = ( 7 3)( 7 + 3) = 4 10 = 40
) ( 7 3) = 7 2 2 7 3 + 32 = 49 42 + 9 = 16
2
) 7 2 + 32 = 49 + 9 = 58
) ( 7 + 3) = 7 2 + 2 7 3 + 32 = 49 + 42 + 9 = 100
2
y = kx + n k n
3
3
y = x + 99 k1 = k2 k =
2
2
A ( 4,8 ) , .
3
( 4 ) + n
2
8 = 3 2 + n
8=
n = 86
n=2
k n , :
3
y = x+2
2
5 8
8
/ 2 3 , 8
.
5:8 = x :8
8 x = 58
58
x=
8
x = 5
5 5
2+5=7
:
7 .
1, 75h 60km / h
1,5 h x km / h
.
1, 75 :1,5 = x : 60
1,5 x = 1, 75 60
1, 75 60
1,5
x = 70km / h
x=
70 km / h .
9 4
3
.
9: x = 3: 4
3x = 9 4
3
x=
9 4
31
x = 3 4
x = 12
12-9=3 ,
3 .
y = x + 3
k = 1 ) )
n = 3 - (0,3) )
)
10
x
y .
3 x + 2 y = 6200 2 6200 .
x = 6y
3 6 y + 2 y = 6200
x = 6y
18 y + 2 y = 6200
x = 6y
20 y = 6200
x = 6y
6200
20
x = 6y
y=
y = 310
x = 6 310 = 1860
1860 , 310 .

80 60cm = 4800cm - 1 .
9 4800 9 = 43200cm
- 9 .

100 KORAKA 75cm = 7500cm
43200 + 4800 x = 7500 x

7500 x 4800 x = 43200
4800cm 43200cm
2700 x = 43200
7 500cm
43200
x=
2700
x = 16
16 .
11
" " 52
" " ( 52 ) + 4 = 56 x

1
" " ( 56 ) ( 56 x ) + 3 = 25 25

3
1
3
( 56 x ) ( 56 x ) + 3 = 25
2
( 56 x ) = 25 3
3
2 56 2
x = 22
3
3
112
2
22 = x
3
3
112 66 = 2 x
2 x = 46
/ 3
x = 23
" " 23 .
12
2x y = 4
y
x + =1
2
/ ( +2 )
2x y = 4
2x + y = 2
y = 2x 4
2x + y = 2
4x = 6
2x + y = 2
63 3
x= 2 =
4
2
3
2 + y = 2
2
3
x=
2
y = 2 3 = 1
3
2
y = 1
x=
9
2
3
4 x + y = 4 + ( 1) = 4 + 1 = 9 + 1 = 10
4
2
2
13
-
-
x+ y =9
10 x + 15 y = 110
x =9 y
10 x + 15 y = 110
x = 9 y
10 ( 9 y ) + 15 y = 110
x = 9 y
90 10 y + 15 y = 110
x = 9 y
5 y = 20
x = 9 y
y=4
x = 94 = 5
y=4
x=5
y=4
4 5
14
2 300 + 900 + 3 = 1800

5 + 600 = 1800
5 = 1800 600
5 = 1200
= 240
1
A
2
SAC + 900 + 650 = 1800
SAC =
SAC = 1800 900 650

SAC = 250
1
A = 250
2
A = 500
B + A + C = 1800
B + 500 + 900 = 1800
B = 1800 500 900
B = 400
500
400
= 440
.
0
= 1 = 44 .
1300
:
1800 1300 = 500
440
= 440
( ).
: = 440 , , 500
: 440 + + 500 = 1800
+ 940 = 1800
= 1800 940
= 860
= 440 = 860
= 25o15'
1 = 60o15'
= 1800 60015' = 1190 45'
+ + = 1800
1190 45' + 25015' + = 1800
= 1800 25015' 1190 45'

= 1800 1450
= 350
35030' + + 2 = 1800
35030' + 3 = 1800
3 = 180 35 30
0
3 = 144030'
144030'
=
3
0
= 48 10'
'
ABD . AD = AB = 6cm
BD 2 = AB 2 + AD 2
BD 2 = 6 2 + 6 2
BD 2 = 36 + 36
BD 2 = 72
BD = 72
BD = 36 2 = 6 2
BCD .
BD 300 , :
1
BD = BC
2
2 BD = BC
2 6 2 = BC
BC = 12 2
D , D .
2 BD 3
2
CD = BD 3
CD =
CD = 6 2 3
CD = 6 6
O = AB + BC + CD + AD
O = 6 + 12 2 + 6 6 + 6
O = 12 + 12 2 + 6 6
O = 6 2 + 2 2 + 6 cm
AMN :
a 2 + ( 3a ) = MN 2
2
a + 9a = 10
2
10a 2 = 10 2
102
10
2
a = 10
a2 =
: P = a a = a 2 = 10cm 2
5 .
P = a a = a 2 = 10cm 2
P = 5
P = 5 2
P = 5 10 = 50cm 2
, .
,
: h = 6 + 2 = 8cm
a+b
P=
h

b=4cm 2cm
2
45 0
12 + 4 4
P=
8
21
P = 16 4
P = 64cm 2
450
12
45 0
6cm
C
45
5 2
10c
AHC
AH = CH = 5cm

AC
5cm
.
450
A
5cm
AC 2 = AH 2 + CH 2
30
H
5 2
AC 2 = 52 + 52
AC 2 = 25 + 25
AC = 50
AC = 50 = 25 2
AC = 5 2cm
BHC 600 300

:
300
1
CH = BC
2
2 CH = BC
2 5cm = BC
BC = 10cm
BH .
BH 2 + CH 2 = BC 2
BH 2 = BC 2 CH 2
BH 2 = 102 52
BH 2 = 100 25
BH 2 = 75
:
O = AB + BC + AC
BH = 75 = 3 75
O = 5 + 5 3 + 10 + 5 2
BH = 5 3
O = 15 + 5 2 + 5 3
AB = AH + BH = 5cm + 5 3cm = 5 1 + 3 cm.
O = 5 3 + 2 + 3 cm
!
.
:
b=6
c2 = ( a b ) + h2
2
c 2 = (15 6 ) + 12 2
2
c 2 = 92 + 12 2
c 2 = 81 + 144
12
h=12
c 2 = 225
c = 225
c = 15m
a=15
O = a+b+c+h
O = 15 + 6 + 15 + 12
a-b
15-6=9
O = 48m
48m .
: l =
r
1800
20 720
1800
l = 8 cm
O = l = 8 cm
OKRUGA = 2r
l=
8 = 2r
8 = 2r
2r = 8
r = 4cm
4cm
: 1 =
3600
3600
1 =
1 = 450
n
8
+ 1 = 1800 = 1800 450 = 1350

= 1350
1350 , , :
2 + 1350 = 1800
2 = 1800 1350
2 = 45
= 22030'
.1
1350 , , :
1 + 1 + 1350 + 1350 = 3600

21 = 3600 2700
21 = 900
1 = 450
1350
1350
+ + 1 = 1350
22 30 + + 45 = 135
0
'
. 2
0
= 1350 450 22030'

= 900 22030'
= 67 030'
,
.
- 2r1 = 6m
: O1 = 2r1
r1 = 3cm
O1 = 2 3 = 6 cm
9
r2 = cm
2
9
: O2 = 2r2 O2 = 2 = 9 cm
2
12
- 2r3 = 12cm r3 = cm = 6cm
2
: O3 = 2r3 O3 = 2 6 = 12 cm
- 2r2 = 9cm
:
O O O
O= 1+ 2 + 3
2
2
2
6 9 12
O=
+
+
2
2
2
27
O=
2
O = 13, 5 cm
13,5 cm
10
AB
AB = OA = OB
AOB 600
, .
, AOB ACB
AOB = 2ACB
600 = 2ACB
ACB = 300
300
O
600
60 0
A
600
B
11
r 2
3600
P = r 2
l=
l=
r 2 300
3600
12
l = r 2
1
12
1
P
12
12 .
: 3600 300 .
l=
: 3600 : 300 = 12
12 .
12
:
O = 2r = 125, 6cm
125, 6
2
125, 6
r=
2 3,14
125, 6
r=
6, 28
r = 20cm .
.
:
2r = a
a = 2 20cm
r=
a = 40cm .
)
13
AOS .
d
H=
2
d = a 2 ( a )
a 2
2
1
V = a2 H
3
H=
1
a 2
V = a2
3
2
1
V = a3 2
6
1
36 2 = a 2 2
6
3
a = 36 6
H
D
a 3 = 216cm3
C
.
a = 3 216
450
a = 3 36 6 = 3 6 6 6 = 3 63 = 6
a = 6cm
6cm
d/ 2
P = 2B + M
a2 3
+ 3a H
4
82 3
56 3 = 2
+ 38 H
4
64 3
56 3 = 2
+ 24 H
4
P = 2
56 3 =
64 3
+ 24 H
2
56 3 = 32 3 + 24 H
24 H = 56 3 32 3
24 H = 24 3
H=
24 3
24
H = 3cm

3cm
14
a = 7cm
b : c = 3 : 5 b = 3k c = 5k
V = 420cm3
P=?
P = 2 ( ab + ac + bc )
b c .
V = a bc
420 = 7 3k 5k
420 = 7 15k 2
420 = 105k 2
420
105
2
k =4
k2 =
k =2
b = 3k = 3 2 = 6
c = 5k = 5 2 = 10
P = 2 ( ab + bc + ac )
P = 2 ( 7 6 + 6 10 + 7 10 )
P = 2 ( 72 + 60 + 70 )
P = 2 172
P = 344cm 2
344cm
15
SOA
:
a
h2 = H 2 +
2
10
13 = H +
2
2
169 = H + 52
2
169 = H 2 + 25
H 2 = 169 25
H 2 = 144
H = 144
H = 12
1
V = BH
3
1
V = a2 H
3
1
V = 10 2 12
3
4
1
V=
100 12
31
V = 100 4
V = 400cm3
400cm
16
:
PO = r 2
108 = r 2
r 2 = 108
r = 108
r = 36 3
r = 6 3cm
!
,
2
r
60 0
a 3

2
h=r
h=
a = 2H
2 H 3
6 3 =
2

1
V = B H
3
1
V = 108 6 2
31
H = 6cm
30 0
300
600
V = 216 cm3
17

4
V = r 3
3
4
V = 33
3
9
4
V =
27
31
V = 4 9
V = 36cm 2
:
V : V = 216 : 36
36 V = 216 V
216
V
36
= 6 V
V =
V
6 .
:
P
P =
2
2
r 182 324
P =
=
=
= 162 cm2
2
2
2
,
P = M = 162 cm 2
M = 162 cm 2
S = 18cm - ( )
M = r S
162 = r 18
162
r=
18
r = 9cm
18
S 2 = r2 + H 2
182 = 92 + H
H 2 = 182 92
H 2 = 324 81
H 2 = 243
H = 243 = 81 3 = 9 3cm
:
1
V = r 2 H
3
1
V = 92 9 3
3
1 27
V = 81 9 3
3
1
V = 27 9 3
V = 243 3cm3
( ) 3 + 3 = 6cm .
V1 .
( ), 3cm
V2 .

4
4
V1 = r13
V2 = r23
3
3
4 3
4
V1 = 6
V2 = 3 3
3
3
4 72
V1 = 216
V2 = 4 32
3
1
V2 = 4 9
V1 = 4 72
V = 36 cm3
V1 = 288 cm3
V = V1 V2
V = V1 V2
V = 288 cm3 36 cm3
V = 252 cm3
252 cm3
19
H=b
b=12cm
a=9cm
.
S 2 = r2 + H 2
S 2 = 9 2 + 122
S 2 = 81 + 144
S = 225
S = 225
S = 15cm
:
B = r 2
M = r 3
B : M = r2 : r S
B : M = r2 : r S
B: M = r r : r S
B : M = 9 :15
B : M = 3:5
) 3:5
20

2r = 20cm
r = 10cm
P = 4r 2
P = 4 102
P = 4 100
P = 400 cm 2
400 cm2

.
AB .
AB 2 = BC 2 + AC 2
AB 2 = 52 + 12 2
AB 2 = 25 + 144
AB 2 = 169
AB = 169
AB = 13
.
B1C1 : BC = A1 B1 : AB
A1C1 : AC = A1 B1 : AB
B1C1 : 5 = 3, 25 :13
13 B1C1 = 3, 25 5
B1C1 =
3, 25 5
13
B1C1 = 1, 25cm
A1C1 :12 = 3, 25 :13

13 A1C1 = 12 3, 25
A1C1 =
12 3, 25
13
A1C1 = 3cm
21
PABC =
AC BC
2
6
PABC
12 5
=
= 65
2
1
PABC = 30cm2
A1C1 B1C1
2
3 1, 25
=
2
= 1,875cm 2
PA1B1C1 =
PA1B1C1
PA1B1C1
PABC PA1B1C1 = 30 1,875 = 28,125cm 2

28,125 cm 2
BDE .
.
AB : BE = AC : DE
( x + 5 ) : x = 12 : 9
9 ( x + 5 ) = 12 x
9 x + 45 = 12 x
12 x 9 x = 45
3 x = 45
x = 15cm
EB = 15cm
22
O = a + 2b
O = 40cm
a1 = 18cm
b= a+2
40 = a + 2b
40 = a + 2 ( a + 2 )
40 = a + 2a + 4
40 4 = 3a
36 = 3a
36
3
a = 12cm
a=
b = 12 + 2 = 14cm
:
a : a1 = O : O1
12 :18 = 40 : O1
12 O1 = 40 18
40 18
12
O1 = 60cm
O1 =
. 30)
I
ABC A1B1C1
, x .
II
ABC A1B1C1

III
ABC A1B1C1
.
IV
ABA ABC A1 B1C1
,
, ,
.
23
N
B
MN : AB = 2 : 3
CM : MA = ?
CMN ABC II. ( MCN = ACB CMN = CAB )
. MN : AB = CM : AC III .
MN : AB = CM : AC = 2 : 3
CM : AC = 2 : 3
: CM : MA = 2 :1
)
24
1.
( 600 )
2.
3.
300 ,
( 720 )
4.
25
:
25,24 = 25,24 * 100 m2 = 2 524 m2
1 = 100 m2
126 200 000 : 2 524 m2 = 50 000 .
50 000 .

S=
1
7
S +
S + 56 dm
9
18
S=
2S + 7S
+ 56 dm
18
S=
9
S + 56 dm
18
S=
1
S +56 dm
2
S-
1
S = 56 dm
2
1
1
S = 56 dm
2
S = 2 * 56 dm
S = 112 dm
112 dm = 112 *
1
m = 11,2 m
10
11,2 m.
7 , .
120 7
120 17 1 .
17 , 120 , .
120 .
3,52 ha 2 a = 3,52 * 100 a 2 a = 352 a 2 a = 350 a
1 ha = 100 a
350 a = 350 * 100 m2 = 3 500 m2
1 a = 100 m2
3 500 m2
)
2
22 15 = 22 * 60 + 15 = 1 320 + 15 = 1 335
1 335 115 = 1 220
1 220 = 1 220 *
1
= 20, 3
60
= 20 + 0,3
= 20 + 0,3 * 60
= 20 + 18
59
46
64
41
22
41
59 + 64 + 22 + 46 + 41 + 41 = 273 .
58,52 + 63,89 + 22,02 + 45,90 + 40,55 + 40,51 = 271,39 271 .

273 271 = 2
)
3
:
a = 10,1 10 m
b = 7,9 8 m
c = 2,8 3 m
31,03 31
V = abc
V = 10 * 8 * 3 = 240 m3
3
3
3
V
=
4
4 * 240 = 3 * 60 = 180 m
180 m * 31 = 5 580 .
) 5 400
)
: 1,315 1,3 = 0,015 m = 0,015 100 cm =1,5 cm

: 1,3 m = 1,3 100 cm = 130 cm 128 cm = 2 cm
: 13,3 dm = 13,310 cm = 133 cm ; 1,3 m = 130 cm; 133 cm 130 cm = 3 cm
: 1309 mm = 1309
1
cm =130,9 cm 130 cm = 0,9 cm
10
2,85 2,85 3
7,12 - 7,12 7
192 192 190
48 - 48 50
1903 = 570
507 = 350
: 570 + 350 = 920
920 .
5
4,6 5
6,2 6
5,6 6
5 + 6 + 6 = 17
: ,
4,6 + 6,2 + 5,6 = 16,4 16

)
, .
y = 3x + 3
2 x 2 y = 0
y = 3x + 3
2 x 2 ( 3 x + 3 ) = 0
y = 3x + 3
2 x 2 3 x 3 = 0
y = 3x + 3
5 x 5 = 0
y = 3x + 3
5 x = 5
y = 3x + 3
5
x=
5
y = 3x + 3
x = 1
x = 1
y = 3 ( 1) + 3
x = 1
y=0
A ( 1, 0 ) .
(-1,0)
.

: A ( x1 , y1 ) B ( x2 , y2 ) , ,
, S ( xS , yS )
x1 + x2
y +y
yS = 1 2
2
2
A ( x1 , y1 ) B ( x2 , y2 )
: xS =
d ( A, B ) =
( x2 x1 ) + ( y2 y1 )
S ( xS , yS ) ; A ( x1 + y1 ) ; B ( x2 + y2 )
x1 + x2 6 + 2 8
=
= =4
2
2
2
y1 + y2 2 + 6 8
=
= =4
yS =
2
2
2
xS =
S S ( 4, 4 )
BS ,
M ( xM , yM )
x2 + xS 2 + 4 6
=
= =3
2
2
2
y + yS 6 + 4 10
yM = 2
=
=
=5
2
2
2
: (3,5)
(3,5) (0,0)
xM =
d ( O, M ) =
(3 0) + (5 0)
= 32 + 52
= 9 + 25
= 34
BS
34
(-2, 2), : 2 ( 2 ) = 4 2 2 = 4
, :
x = 4 x = 4
y = 4 y = 4
:
(-4,4)
( 4, 4 )
(4,4)
( 4, 4 )
( 4, 4 )
( 4, 4 )
i
(-4,-4)
(4,-4)
(2,-3)
(2, 5)
, S ( xS , yS )
xS =
2+2 4
= = 2;
2
2
yS =
3 + 5 2
= =1
2
2
S ( 2,1)

, D =1
D 1,
= 5
D
y =1
2
d ( A, B ) =
( x B xA ) + ( yB y A )
2
5=
( x B 2 ) + (1 ( 3) )
5=
( x B 2 )
+ 42
/ 2
( x B 2 ) + 16
2
52 = ( xB 2 ) + 16
2
( xB 2 ) = 25 16
2
/
( xB 2 ) = 9
5=
( xB 2 )
=+ 9
( xB 2 ) = +
xB 2 = 3
xB = 5
xD 2 = 9
x D 2 = 3
xD = 1
(5,1)
D (-1,1)
(2,-3)
- - 3 - 3
: ( x, 3) ( x,3) .... 1
- - 2 -
. 22=4 : ( 4, y ) ( 4, y ) ..... 2
1 2
:
A1 ( 4,3) ; A2 ( 4, 3) ; A3 ( 4,3) ; A4 ( 4, 3)
A3
-4
A4
A1
A2

K 1 10h
K 3 11h
K 2 10h
) K 2 10h
6
)
: V =
K 1 :
S1 = 150km ( )
t1 = 2h
V1 =
( 10h 12h )
S1 150km
km
=
= 75
t1
2h
h
K 2 : S 2 = 120km ( 60km 180km 180-60=120km )

t 2 = 2h
V2 =
K 3 :
( 10h 12h )
S 2 120km
km
=
= 60
t2
2h
h
S3 = 60km
t3 = 1h
V3 =
( 11h 12h )
S3 60km
km
=
= 60
t3
h
1h
V1 , V2 , V3
V1 K1
) K1
:
8h
9h 40 . ( - )
) 9h 40 .
.
) 12h 20 . ( - )
32km 12km (32km - 20km )
32 km +12 km=44 km
) 44 km .
- - .
15 l .
1. 40- 5 l 40, 35 l .
2. 85- 15 l 45 l , 30 l .
1. 2. 35 l +30 l =65 l
65 l .
: VIII1 : 32
2 + 4 + 2 = 8
32-8=24 .
: VIII 2 : 36
3+3=6
36-6=30 .
: VIII 3 : 35
3+1+3=7
35-7=28 .
VIII 4 : 27
5+2+2+2=11
27-11=16
VIII 2 : 30 .
VIII 2
10
)
)
) 42km
) , : , .
: 239, 271, 236
11
..
1 500 000 + 225 000 + 255 000 + 195 000 + 150 000= 2 325 000
.
:
20% + 3% + 3,4% + 2,6% + 2%= 31%
31% .
G : P = 100 : p
G : 2 325 000 = 100 : 31
31G = 2 325 000 100
2 325 000 100 323 500 000
G=
=
31
31
G = 7 500 00
:
5 2 325 000
( ) 31%
.
G : P = 100 : p = 2 325 000 p = 31%
.
2002 7 500 000 .
12
9 , 6km / h :
S
t
S
9km
3
1
t= =
= h = 1 h = 1h 30 min
V 6km / h 2
2
V=
11h 30 min , 1h 30 min 11h 30 min +1h 30 min = 13h

13h
13
(t)
4
3
2
1
I II III IV V VI VIIVIII IX X

) "" 3,5
) 2,5 .
14
7+18+50+25=100
15
10 35 .

1 1km / h , 2 2km / h , .
16
P = a b .
P1 a1 b1
a 20%
a1 = a + 20% a = 100% a + 20% a = 120% a =
120
a = 1, 2a
100
b 20%
80
b = 0,80b
100
96
P1 = a1 b1 = 1, 2a 0,8b = 0, 96 a b = 0,96 P =
P = 96% P
P
100
P1 = 96% P
b1 = b 20% b = 100% b 20% b = 80% b =
I - 880
II 15%
.
G = 880
p = (100 15 ) = 85%
G : P = 100 : p
880 : P = 100 : 85
100 P = 85 880
85 880
100
P = 748 II
I II : 880+748=1628
1628
P=
17
10% 4 212
G : P = 100 : p
G : 4212 = 100 :10

10 G = 4212 100
4212 100
G=
10
10
G = 42120 -
4% :
4% 42 120 4%
G : 42 120 = 100 :104
104 G = 42 120 100
42 120 100
104
G = 40 500
G=
40 500 .
10%, 30 000 ,
10%
30 000 : P = 100 :110
100 P = 30 000 110
33 000 110
100
P = 33 000
P=
33 000 , 10%
.
30 000 : P = 100 :110
100 P = 30 000 110
33 000 110
100
P = 36 300
P=
36 300
36300 .
18
10%
P = 198 10%
p = 100 10 = 90%
G : P = 100 : p
G :198 = 100 : 90
90 G = 198 100
198 100
G=
90
G = 220
10%
10%
:
10% 220
:
G : 220 = 100 :110
110 G = 220 100
220 100
110
G = 200
G=
.
)
19

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1 36

152, 28 > 152,18 > 125,32 > 125, 03

132,5 89,32 = 132,50 89, 32 = 43,18

) 0,1 + 0, 011 = 0,111

A = {2,3, 4,5, 6,8,10,12,15, 20,30}

1dm 2 = 100 100mm2

1m 2 = 100dm 2 = 100 100cm2 = 10 000cm 2

1,5m = 1, 5 100cm = 150cm , 1m = 100cm

) 3km = 3 1000m = 3000m ,

) 4,5t = 4,5 1000kg = 4500kg ,

{3428, 2145, 19, 760, 23, 222, 63}

435 + 240 + 410 + 203 = 1288

A2 = ( 0, 2m + 0, 4n ) = 0, 04m 2 + 0,16m n + 0,16n 2

B 2 = ( 0, 4m + 0, 2n ) = 0,16m 2 + 0,16m n + 0, 04n 2

= 0, 4m2 + 0,16m n + 0,16n 2

D 2 = ( 0, 2m 0, 4n ) = 0, 04m 2 0,16m n + 0,16n 2

aOc aOc = 90o

bOc = aOc aOb = 900 350 = 550

+ 1250 = 1800 = 1800 1250

700 + + 300 = 180

350 + B + 600 = 1800

= r12 r22 = ( r12 r22 ) = ( 82 52 ) =

P = P1 P2 = r12 r22 = ( r12 r22 )

75 cm3 < 100 cm3

1 350 g > 1 340 g > 1 290 g

176cm 178cm 176

4260 : P = 100 :15

5000 : P = 100 :12

200 : P = 100 :12

( 0, 7 + 0,3 4 1: 0,5 ) : ( 0,1) + 1,1 =

180 < < 200

: x = 1+3 : x = 4 : x10 = x11 4 : x10 = x 7 : x10 = x 72 : x10 = x14 : x10 = x1410 = x 4

43200 + 4800 x = 7500 x

2 300 + 900 + 3 = 1800

SAC = 1800 900 650

= 1800 60015' = 1190 45'

= 1800 25015' 1190 45'

BHC 600 300

AB = AH + BH = 5cm + 5 3cm = 5 1 + 3 cm.

+ 1 = 1800 = 1800 450 = 1350

1 + 1 + 1350 + 1350 = 3600

= 1350 450 22030'

A1C1 :12 = 3, 25 :13

PABC PA1B1C1 = 30 1,875 = 28,125cm 2

3,52 ha 2 a = 3,52 * 100 a 2 a = 352 a 2 a = 350 a

58,52 + 63,89 + 22,02 + 45,90 + 40,55 + 40,51 = 271,39 271 .

: 1,315 1,3 = 0,015 m = 0,015 100 cm =1,5 cm

K 2 : S 2 = 120km ( 60km 180km 180-60=120km )

2002 7 500 000 .

11h 30 min , 1h 30 min 11h 30 min +1h 30 min = 13h

b1 = b 20% b = 100% b 20% b = 80% b =

G : 4212 = 100 :10

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