[“ KECEMERLANGAN 2016 SPM Skema BK 5 KIMIA DIBIAYAI OLEH KERAJAAN NEGERI TERENGGANUModul 2 BK 5 ~ (Cadangan Jawapan) 1) @) 0 Teofopes are atoms of he same element with the same number ‘of protons but different number of neutrons / ‘same proton number but different nucleon number. (i) 2 us Anyone Cc c 6 6 [Correct nucleon number and proton number] [Correct representation) (b) | Proton w 7 } a @ OO Water Steam ast | 2 (i) Boiling [accept : evaporation] wy Heat energy to Kinetic energy TOTAL ‘Argon 77 Ar (i) ‘Sodium chloride 7 NaCI wi Liquid (iv) Tin solid state - no free moving ions In aqueous solution : has free moving ions Ww) ‘Atom Ar has achieved octet electron arrangement oO] o TRC at il) Heat released is balanced by heat loses to surrounding during formation of bonding ti) Liquid and sonia TOTAL KIMIA SPM 2016 AKRAMModul 2 BK 5 = (Cadangan Jawapan) sya] 0 Kz copper/ Silver/Lead L magnesium / calcium / Aluminium (0) C (e) |) ‘Add hydrochloric acid to a conical fiask containing zine granules, Flow the gas released through anhydrous calcium chloride, w Zn + 2HCI — ZnCl; * He @) Element c o mass(g) | 33.31-32.28= 1.03 | 33.99-33.31= 0.68 mol 1.03/24 = 0,043 | 0.68/16 = 0.043 ratio of mol | 0.043 / 0.043 = 1 0.043 / 0.043 = 1 Empirical formula LO TOTAL Experiment (i) Copper(l) oxide and carbon dioxide (ii) CuCOs + Cud +O, Experiment (Ammonium chloride (i) HCI+NHs > NH,CI Experiment it (i) Lead(tt) iodide and potassium nitrate i) Pb(NOs)2 + 2K + Pbl, + 2KNOs, 141 1 14 1 144 Max 10 (b) [Any suitable example] ‘Sample Answer 1. Chemical formula of carton dioxide is CO,, 2. Carbon dioxide is made up of two elements which are carbon and oxygen. 3. One molecule of carbon dioxide consists of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms // The ratio of carbon atoms to oxygen atoms is 1:2 (e) (NH.)sPOs Cad) KIMIA SPM 2016 AKRAMModul 2 BK 5 ~ (Cadangan Jawapan) 3 4) @ Fertiliser Percentage of N by mass. Urea, 28 x 100 = 46.67% (NH,),CO_ 60 ‘Ammonium sulphate, | 28 x 100 =21.21% (NH.):SOs 132 ‘Ammonium nitrate, | 28 x 100 =21.21% NH,NO3, 132 Hydrazine, 28 « 100 =87.50% LNeHe 32 The best fertiliser is hydrazine. Max Hydrazine has the highest percentage of nitrogen by mass 3 TOTAL 20 5] @ Pi2a2 Q:24 LW | tonic (li) | An atom P donates two valence electrons ‘Anatom R receive two electrons 2 (ii) | No In solid state ion P and ion R not free to move / no freely moving ions. 2 ©} @ $3 $3 x Y {Correct electron arrangement of Q in the compound Y) [Correct electron arrangement of R.in the compound Y] 2 {ip | 7. Attraction force between molecules are very weak 2. Asmall amount of heat energy is needed to overcome the forces. 22 TOTAL A KIMIA SPM 2016 AKRAMModul 2 BK 5 = (Cadangan lawapan) 6) @ ‘Atom ¥ has three shells containing electrons. Y isin Period 3, ‘The number of electron valence of atom Y is 7. Yis in Group 17. (b) Xisin Group 7 Going down the group, the number of shells containing electrons increases, Atomic size increases. ‘Atom of each element in the group has 1 valence electron. Going down the group, the valence electron becomes further away from the nucleus. ‘Therefore, the force of attraction between nucleus and valence electron becomes weaker. It is easier for the atom to donate electron. Reactivity increases, Max © X and oxygen form ionic bond, ‘Atom X donates one electron to form X° ion to achieve octet electron arrangement I (electron arrangement of 28) Electron arrangement of oxygen atom is 2.6 ‘One oxygen atom accept two electrons from two X atoms to form O* ion to achieve octet electron arrangement. X" and O* are attracted to each other and form X,0 1 (Can be inferred from the diagram of electron arrangement] |@ Cannot ‘Atom Z has achieved the stable electron arrangement // ‘Atom Z does not need to (donate), accept or share electron with X ory, TOTAL KIMIA SPM 2016 AKRAMModul 2 BK 5 ~ (Cadangan Jawapan) 7 | (@) Metal: P/OTR7S7T Non metal | U/W. (b) o R (@) @ Uis more electronegative w ‘Atomic size of U is smaller than Q. Force of attraction between nucleus and valence electron of atom Uis stronger. Itis easier for atom U to receive electron. (e) pF 0 @ Ww @ ‘atom W achieved octet electron arrangement @ Ris more reactive than Q () ‘Atomic size R bigger than G Force attraction between nucleus and valence electron is weaker Itis easier for atom R to release electron. 2R+U;— 2RU [Correct formula of reactants and product] [Balanced equation} wi Formed coloured ions or compound // ‘Show different oxidation numbers in their compounds Elements and their compound act as catalysts // Formed complex ions. [Any one] 1 TOTAL 7 KIMIA SPM 2016 AKRAMModul 2 BK 5 = (Cadangan Jawapan) 6 a] @) ‘Riomic size of Tis smaller than R e 7 Proton number / number of proton of T is greater than R. 1 ‘Nuclei attraction force towards electron of atom Ts stronger. 1 Tis more electronegative than R 1 Atomic size of atom T is smaller 1 ‘Atom T is more easier to receive electron 1 | .6 ® 7. Chemical equation 7 2. Number of mole of HOT 1 3. Mole ratio 1 4, Mass of T with correct unit 4 | 4 T+ HO ~ HT + HOT Number of mole of HOT = 0.0001 x 500 {| = 0.05 mol 4 mol of HOT produced from 1 mol of Tz 0.05 moles of HOT produce from 0,05 moles of Tz Mass of T = 0.05 x [2(355)| 859 © Rand Q7 Rand [onic compound] Electron arrangement of atom R is 2.8.2 1 Electron arrangement of atom Q is 2.6 // Electron arrangement of atom Tis 2.8.7 1 To achieve stable octet electron arrangement, 1 ‘atom R donates two electrons to form Rion 1 aiom Q receive two electrons to form G* ion I/ atom T receives one electron to form T ion 1 Electrostatic force between R® ion and G* ion form ionic bond if Electrostatic force between R® ion and T ion form ionic bond 1 Land Q 1 L and T {covalent compound] Electron arrangement of atom Lis 2.4 1 Electron arrangement of atom Q is 2.6 // Electron arrangement of atom Tis 2.8.7 1 ‘Atom L contribute 4 electrons and atom Q contribute 2 electrons for sharing 1/ Atom L contribute 4 electrons and atom T contributes 1 electron for sharing 1 To achieve stable octet electron arrangement, 1 4 atom L share electrons with 2 atom Q to form covalent bond /! 4 atom L share electrons with 4 atom T to form covalent bond 4 | Mee TOTAL 7 KIMIA SPM 2016 AKRAMModul 2 BK 5 ~ (Cadangan Jawapari) 1 3] @ | © | Bubbles of greenish-yellowipale yellow gas 7 Greenish-yellow gas produced 1 WW | Chlorine gas 7 Ck 1 |.2 © | @ | Onsen 7 Gi AOS 2H,0 + 0; + ae [Correct formulae of reactants and products 1 [Balanced equation} 4 |e ola 7 Copper stip Zine sip Copper(i) sulphate solution [Functional diagram : Connecting wire and the solution] 1 {Label : Zinc strip, copper strip and copperill) sulphate solution] | 1 | ..2 {i | Zine to copper 7 (ii) | Blue solution becomes paler fader I tums to colourless. 7 Concentration of copper(l) ions decrease 1 1.2 TOTAL 1 KIMIA SPD 2016 AKRAMModul 2 BK 5 = (Cadangan Jawapan) 10] @ X + Copper sulphate 7 Copperill) chioride / Copper(i) nitrate P : Oxygen Q : Copper Explanation : [at anode) ‘OH ion and SO,7 ion move towards anode ‘OH ion selected to discharged Half equation: 40H — 2H,0 + Q, + de Explanation : {at cathode) 7. Cur ion and Ht ion move to cathode 8. Cu” ion selected to discharged 9. Half equation: Cu* + 2e > Cu (b) 1. [50-200] cm? of dilute copper(i) sulphate solution is poured into a beaker /) % of a beaker is filled with dilute copper(I!) sulphate solution ‘An iron ring is cleaned using sandpaper. ‘The iron ring is connected to negative terminal of battery / (Diagram. 4, Copper metal is connected to terminal positive of battery /! [Diagram]. Iron ring and copper metal are immersed into copper) sulphate solution (! [Diagram ‘The circuit is completed using connecting wires and the electrical current is flown about [10 ~ 30] minutes. Precaution step Using a small current / ron ring turned steadily Observation : ‘A brown metal deposited at iron ring / iron ring becomes thickeribigger. PN Ow (c) wo W.Y,Z,X wi Voltage value: 0.3 V Negative terminal: metal X TOTAL KIMIA SPM 2016 AKRAMModul 2 BK 5 ~ (Cadangan Jawapan) n/@ 0 ‘Substance that ionises dissociates in water to produce H’ ion w ‘Sodium hydroxide // Potassium hydroxide wi a 0) Concentration of H jon in solution Sis higher than solution R. ‘The higher the concentration of H’ ion the lower the pH value. ™ Effervescence // Colouriess bubbles of gas released and lime water turn chalky ©) @ Pink to colourless i) 1,80, + KOH — KO, + 2H,0 co) 7. Mole of H2S0, 2. Mole ratio 3. Volume of solution P Sample answer _ Gax20 Number of mole of HNO: = “S555 = 0.002 mol 1 mol of H,SO, reacts with 2 mol of P 0.002 mol of H-SO, reacts with 0.004 mol of P 0.004 21000 Cre = 40.em* Volume of P (w) KIMIA SPM 2016 7 ToTAL [12 AKRAMModul 2 BK 5 = (Cadangan Jawapan) 10 42 | @ | @ | Thehigher the concentration of hydrochloric acid, the lower the 7 pH value / vice versa (iy | The pH value is @ measure of the concentration of H ions [and OF ions} 1 The higher the numiber of H’ ion per unit volume of solution, the lower the pH value. 1 (il | Increasing acidity of hydrochloric acid is A,B,C ,D 1 ©) | @ [SoWventL: Water 7 Solvent D_ : Methyl benzene /Trichloromethane i cl {any suitable organic solvent] Hydrogen chloride in water will ionise to produce hydrogen ion, H* | 1 Hydrogen chloride in methylbenzene/[organic solvent] exist as molecules ino hydrogen ions, H’ produced. 1 Zn +2HCI— ZnCl + He 14 @ = No, of mole of Zn = <= 0.1 mol 1 ‘molZn: 1 mol He 0.1 molZn : 0.1 mol He 1 Volume of gasiH» = 0.1 x 24 = 24am? 1 | 23 (©) |W | Substance R/Ca0 is basic 7 Neutralise the acid/acidic soil 1 | 2 @ | Percentage of Nin Urea, (NH.):CO | 28 x 100 60 = 46.67 % 1 Percentage of N in ammonium sulphate, (NH.):SOx 28 x 100 132 = 221% 1 The better fertiliser is urea 1 Urea has a higher percentage of nitrogen by mass, 1 Crops need nitrogen to grow well. 1 | .5 TOTAL 20 KIMIA SPM 2016 AKRAMModul 2 BK 5 ~ (Cadangan Jawapan) 1 43 | @) | @ | Coppenti sulphate 7 Carbon dioxide ig ee (i | CuCO, + H.S0, — CuSO, +H,0 + CO; 1 O) CuOH): 71 (© | @ | Potassium carbonate // Sodium carbonate / Ammonium carbonate | 1 | 1 (Gi) | Double decomposition [at (@ | @ | Heat salt solution until saturated 7173 ofits original volume. 7 Cool the solution, 1 Filter the mixture. 1/23 G_| Green Tot TOTAL 20 14] a) “Anion = Nitrate ion NOs” 7 Cation : Zine ion 1 2n®* 1 Dissolve salt Win water 1 ‘Add iron(t!) sulphate solution and concentrated sulphuric acid 1 slowly Abbrown ring is formed 1 Zine nitrate 1 | 6 ®) |W | Sample Answer ‘Substances : Leadi{l) nitrate and potassium iodide 1 Apparatus : Beaker, fier funnel, fiter paper, glass rod 1 Procedure: 4. Measure and pour 50 cm® of 1.0 mol dm® leaditl) nitrate solution into a beaker. 1 2. Add 50 cm? of 1.0 mol dm* potassium iodide solution into the beaker. 1 3. Stirthe mixture, 1 4, Filter the mixture. 1 5. Rinse the residue. 1 6. Dry the salt using fiter papers. 1 Chemical equation: Pb(NOs), + 2KI —> Pls + 2KI at | 10 @H | Number of mole of KI = 0.125 71000 = 0.0025 mol 1 2 mol of Kl > 1 mol Pols (0.002 mol of KI -» 0.00125 mol Pol: 1 Molar mass Pbl; = 207 + 2(127) #461 g mot" 1 Mass Pbl; = 0.00125 * 461 10.589 4 4 TOTAL 20 KIMIA SPM 2016Modul 2 BK 5 = (Cadangan Jawapant 12 18] @ | @ | Contact 7 W [250, + 0; > 280; 7 (ii) | Vanadium(V) oxide 7 W | 8:0; 7 () | Manufactured of paint/ detergent/tertiizer i © | @ | Large Tong chain molecules formed by joining together many identical repeating sub units! monomers. 1 @ | Pohmer: polvethyiene monomer: ethane /7 TH] 2 Polymer : polyvinylchloride monomer : chloroethene [Other suitable answer] (i) | Not easily biodegradable’ cannot decomposed by bacteria / 7 produce toxic gas when burn () | Recycle // Heating the polymers in the absence of air// Pyrolysis a TOTAL 10 KIMIA SPM 2016 AKRAMModul 2 BK 5 ~ (Cadangan Jawapan) 13 16 Jia) | Haber process Condition Temperature : 450°C Pressure: 200 atm Catalyst: iron/ Fe Nz + 3H; > 2NHs wt] 6 ® ‘Ammonium sulphate Fertilizer ©) | a Zn @ "The pure copper atoms are orderly arranged and closely packed together. When a force is applied, the layers of atom can slide over one another. ‘The presence of P / Zn atoms with different size disrupts the orderly arrangement of the atoms. Prevent the layers of atom from sliding over one another. ) Procedure 1. Asteel ball bearing is taped onto a copper block, 2. Avweight is hung at a height of 50 em above the copper, block. 3. The weight is allowed to drop onto the ball bearing. 4. The diameter of the dent made by the ball bearing on the copper block is recorded, 5. Steps 1-4 are repeated using a brass block Observation [Pure copper metal produced larger dents compare to the brass] Conclusion Brass is harder and stronger than pure copper. TOTAL 20 KIMIA SPM 2016 AKRAMModul 2 BK 5 = (Cadangan fawapan) 4 a7 Ja] o Hydrogen (i) Mg + 2HCI > MgCl + He TH | 2 iS 24 0.0825 mol ‘Number of mole of magnesium, Mg From the equation in (a) (i), ‘1 mol of Mg produced 1 mol of Hz 0.0625 mol of Ig will produce 0.0625 mol of Hs Volume of hydrogen gas, H; = 0.0625 x 24 = 1.5 dm? @ 1500 om? [correct value with unit (b) Volume of gas released / em’ 150 Time Is [Axes ate correctly labelled with quantity and unit} [ Shape of the graph] © 1500 30 =50cm's* ‘Average rate of reaction for Experiment I [oorrect value with unit] (d) Use magnesium powder Use HCI with a higher concentration / Add a catalyst TOTAL 70 KIMIA SPM 2016 AKRAMModul 2 BK 5 ~ (Cadan 78 ]@]0]Mg + 2HCl + Mock + He Gi | Experiment = 60 60 rae i180 : = 20et? min = 0.333 em? s 1 Experiment J ous 5 300 = 12cm* min = 0.200 em? s* 1 (ii) | Volume of gas / om? l w Time / min [Labelled of axes are correct] 1 [The shape of the curves are correct] 1 () | The rate of reaction in Experiment is higher than Experiment | 1 ‘The concentration of hydrochloric acid in Experiment | is higher than Experiment Il // Number of particles / H’ ion per unit volume in Experiment lis higher than Experiment I. 1 Frequency of collision between particles increases. il Froquency of effective collision increases. | KIMIA SPM 2016 AKRAMModul 2 BK 5 = (Cadangan Jawapan) 16 ©] 0 | Procedure: 1. A burette is filled with water unt itis full then inverted 1 over water in a basi. {50 om°of 1.0 mol dm” hydrochloric acid is measured and | 1 poured into a conical flask 3. 2.0.9 marble chips/CaCO, is added ino the conical flask. | 1 4. The conical feskis closed immediately wth stopper fitted | 1 delivery tube 5. Stopwatch is started. 1 8. The volume of gas collected in the burette is recorded at | 1 intervais of 30 seconds, 7. The conical flask is swirled continuously. 1 8. A raph of wlume of carbon dioxide gas liberated against time is plotted 1 = Rate of reaction at 60 seconds = gradient ofthe curve at 60 seconds, 1 | Mor 8 Use a amaller size of marble chips. 7 (i)_| Heat the acs in the conical ask. 4] 2 TOTAL w 43 [@ |__| Pydration 7 (b) HoH a 4 ee nH—G=c—H | —> TT a4] 2 HHA CoH, ‘Compound X (© | @ | Hot porcelain chips 1/ Hot alumina/aluminium oxide 77 Concentrated sulphuric acid // Concentrated phosphoric acid () [CSO > CH, +H,0 © ‘Orange to green 7 (e) | (i) | Estetification 7 Ti) | CH;COOH + G,H,OH —> CH;COOGH, 7 co) HO HH eal jae H—c—C—o—c—c I ry Fi H HOH ethyl ethanoate falas | TOTAL 10 KIMIA SPM 2016 AKRAMModul 2 BK 5 ~ (Cadangan jawapan) 17 wT a]o Element c H ‘Mass in 100 g ofthe 857 143 ‘compound /g ‘Number of ‘B57 = 143 = 143 mole / mol 42 4 1 ‘Simplest ratio of mole i 2 1 Empirical formula is CH 1 (Ch = 56 7 (12+4yn= 56 n=4 Molecular formula is C.Hy + |.8 w HoH HOR HH HH tote wt rietd Wee -C-c-n C-C=C-C-H HoH 4 ‘ [Any one} HoH ROK HHH o riot d Lia) W-CeC-C-C-H C-C=C-C-H non hoon [Any two other than answer in (a) (ii)] | 1+1 KIMIA SPM 2016 AKRAMModul 2 BK 5 = (Cadangan fawapan) 18 {b) 1. Pour [1— 5] cm’ of bromine water/acidified potassium manganate(VIl) solution into a test tube. 1 2. Flow alkene P into the test tube. 1 3. The brown/ purple colour decolourises/tums colourless. 1 4. Pour [1-5] cm” of bromine water/acidified potassium manganate(VIl) solution into another test tube. 5. Flow alkane Q. 6. Brownipurple colour remains. 7 ‘= Point 7 or point 4 given — 1 mark © Point 2 or point 5 given — 1 mark © See ‘Number of C atom 2 3 Alcohol Ethanol Propanol 4 Carboxylic acid Ethanoic acid Propanoic acid 1 @ Materials 7 Glacial ethanoic acid/propanoic acid, ethanol/propanol, concentrated sulphuric acid Apparatus : 1 Bolling tube, [100 - 250 cm*] beaker, Bunsen burner wre 1. Pour [1 - 5 cm*] of ethanol/propanol into a boiling tube. 1 2. Add [1-5 cm’] of glacial ethanoic acid/propanoic acid followed by [1-2 cm’] of concentrated sulphuric acid. 3. Heat the mixture. 4. Pour it into a beaker contains cold water. each terest KIMIA SPM 2016 AKRAMModul 2 BK 5 = (Cadangan lawapan) aya) wo ‘A reaction where oxidation and reduction occurs at the same time/ simultaneously. o Set i 2 ‘Changes in ‘oxidation number 42 to 43, +2100 of iron Half equation Fo" — Fe" +e | Fe%+2e + Fe ‘Types of reaction Oxidation Reduction 1 14 11 (bo) | % Silver / Copper Tin / Lead] [Other metal situated lower than iron in the Electrochemical Series) YY» Magnesium 1! Aluminium (Zine 1! [Other metal situated higher than iron in the Electrochemical Series] w Present of iron(ll) ion/ Fe™ 17 [ accept Iron rusted] Iron atom lost electrons to form iron(I) ion / Fe" i! Iron undergoes oxidation. TOTAL 22 | (a) (Oxidation is a chemical reaction in which a substance undergoes an increase in oxidation numbor |! [The oxidation number of an element increases when itis oxidized} Reduction is a chemical reaction in which a substance undergoes @ decrease in oxidation number Ii [The oxidation number of an element decreases when itis reduced) (%) }@ 1. [Example of neutralisation reaction) 2. [Oxidation number of elements} 3. No change in oxidation number of elements. (ii) 1. [Example of precipitation reaction] 2. [Oxidation number of elements} 3, No change in oxidation number of elements. KIMIA SPM 2016 AKRAMModul 2 BK 5 = (Cadangan Jawapan) 20 © Process! [onic equation] 2Fe* + Zn + 2Fe* + Zn ‘Substance that is Oxidized : Zinc Reduced : Iron) ion / Fe™ Oxidizing agent : troni(ttl) ion / Fe®* Reducing agent : Zinc 14 Process il onic equation] : 2Fe* + Br > 2Fe* + 2Br Substance that is Oxidized : Iron(ll) ion / Fe®* Reduced : bromine / Bre Oxidizing agent : bromine / Bra Reducing agent : Iron(I!) ion / Fe®* 14 Process Ill (onic equation] Fe" + Mg — Fe + Mg™ Substance ‘Oxidized : Magnesium Reduced : Iron(ll) ion / Fe** Oxigizing agent: tro() ion Fe Reducing agent : Magnesium 14 TOTAL 20 KIMIA SPM 2016 AKRAMModul 2 BK 5 ~ (Cadangan Jawapan) 21 KIMIA SPM 2016 AKRAM