Question 1 ( Event Tree Diagram )

Safety Functions

High Pressure
alarm alerts
operator

Relief valve
works properly

Failure Rate

0.01 (B)

0.35 (C)

Emergency dump
valve working
(Valve opened by
operator)
0.01 (D)

Operator
shutdowns
reactor
0.25 (E)

Initiating Event = Methanol vapor overpressure in drum (A)

Process continues

(a) Most alarming consequence event would be emergency bypass valve not working
because that is the last and the most important safety function which could prevent
both explosion of pipelines connecting the drum causing leakage of methanol gas and
unnecessary shutdowns.
(b) Another safety functions that can be added to prevent overpressure in drum is to
ensure that relief valve and emergency bypass valve works properly before every
startup.

Question 2 (Fault Tree Diagram)

(a) Probability of top event = 0.00516

(b) The top even for this diagram is overpressure in drum
(c) The most probable basic events are insufficient amount of water in the reservoir.
Thus, employers must ensure that the water in reservoir is always sufficient.
(d) There are a few ways we can take to prevent overpressure in drums; we must have
regular checkups on the conditions of the control valves before every startup. A filter
can be placed at the opening of the coolant pipeline to prevent blockage. Lastly,
employers must ensure that the water in reservoir is always sufficient.

QUESTION 3 ( Bow and Tie diagram)