TdGATE IP-V5

Technical Description

Notice
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Document Name: TdGATE IP-V5 Technical Description

TdGATE IP-V5
Technical Description

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Table of Contents
1.

System Overview ..................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.1

2.

System Components ............................................................................................................... 2-1

2.1

2.2

3.

Network Architecture ................................................................................................... 1-2

TdGATE Shelf................................................................................................................ 2-1

2.1.1

Physical Description..........................................................................................................................2-2

2.1.2

Physical Dimensions.........................................................................................................................2-2

2.1.3

Cards ....................................................................................................................................................2-3

2.1.4

Rack Installation.................................................................................................................................2-3

2.1.5

Cooling .................................................................................................................................................2-3

2.1.6

Shelf Architecture ..............................................................................................................................2-3

2.1.7

Environmental and Safety Specifications.....................................................................................2-4

Cards .............................................................................................................................. 2-4

2.2.1

Central Processing Module (CPM) ................................................................................................2-4

2.2.2

Voice Processing Module GE (VPM-GE).....................................................................................2-4

2.2.3

E1 Interface Module (EIM-16).........................................................................................................2-5

2.2.4

Power Supply Module (PSM)..........................................................................................................2-6

Voice Services.......................................................................................................................... 3-1

3.1

Interfaces and Protocols ............................................................................................. 3-1

3.1.1

TDM Access-Side Interfaces ..........................................................................................................3-1

3.1.2

VoIP Protocols....................................................................................................................................3-1

Voice-Band Stream Processing............................................................................................. 3-4

4.

3.2

Class 5 Features ........................................................................................................... 3-5

3.3

Voice and Signaling Security ..................................................................................... 3-6

3.4

Quality of Service ......................................................................................................... 3-6

System Capacity and Scalability ........................................................................................... 4-1

4.1

5.

6.

Capacity Table .............................................................................................................. 4-1

Principal of Operations ........................................................................................................... 5-2

5.1

Redundancy .................................................................................................................. 5-2

5.2

Software upgrade ......................................................................................................... 5-2

5.3

Clock Synchronization ................................................................................................ 5-3

GateEMS.................................................................................................................................... 6-1
6.1

Features ......................................................................................................................... 6-1

6.2

Standard External Interfaces ...................................................................................... 6-2

Appendix A - List of Acronyms.............................................................................................................1

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List of Figures
Figure 1-1: TdGATE IP-V5 In Network Deployment ................................................... 1-2
Figure 2-1: TdGATE IP-V5 Shelf .................................................................................... 2-1
Figure 3-1: Example of MGCP Call Scenario............................................................... 3-2
Figure 3-2: Example of Megaco/H248 Call Scenario.................................................. 3-3

List of Tables
Table 4-1: Capacity Table ............................................................................................... 4-1

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1.

System Overview
TdGATE IP-V5 connecting softswitches to V5.2 Access
Class 5 replacement softswitches are entering the market due to the new services they
provide and their reduced entry-level costs. Tdsofts TdGATE IP-V5 gateway enables
connection of proven and cost effective V5.2 and V5.1 access networks to the
softswitch. Service providers wishing to migrate existing networks by adding
softswitch capabilities in the core network, as well as carriers looking to deploy
softswitches for greenfield applications will appreciate the benefits of using trusted
V5.2 equipment in their access networks.
The huge install base and variety of available V5.2 wireline, wireless, fiber and
broadband access equipment ensures that even though the operator is migrating the
expensive core of the network, it does not compromise the features, reliability and
price performance of the access network.
TdGATE IP-V5 is controlled and managed by GateEMS, an easy-to-use, multi-user,
feature-rich management system. GateEMS complies with the Telecommunication
Management Networks (TMN) architecture, so that it can interface with a higherlevel network management system (NMS) or operational support system (OSS).
GateEMSs user-friendly GUI offers enhanced management capability that can be
implemented either locally or remotely. GateEMS provides network administrators
with configuration and provisioning capabilities, and meets stringent requirements for
control and monitoring of fault, performance and security issues, in accordance with
the FCAPS model.

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1.1

Network Architecture
TdGATE IP-V5 is a key component in the next-generation, IP-based telephony and
network, enabling connection of vast install-base V5 access networks to the NGN.
Designed to be the integration point between the TDM and IP networks, the TdGATE
IP-V5 supports enhanced IP capabilities and seamlessly fits as an element in the IP
network. The network diagram below illustrates how TdGATE IP-V5 integrates with
various network components.

Figure 1-1: TdGATE IP-V5 In Network Deployment

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2.

System Components

2.1

TdGATE Shelf
The TdGATE shelf is the basic TdGATE element. The shelf provides a mix of V5
and IP services using modular cards that plug into the shelfs backplane.

Figure 2-1: TdGATE IP-V5 Shelf

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2.1.1

Physical Description
The TdGATE IP-V5 shelf is ETSI certified.
The shelf is divided into 8 slots:
Slots 1 and 3 are reserved for Central Processing Modules (CPM).
Slots 2 and 4 are reserved for Voice Processing Modules (VPM).
Slots 5 to 8 accommodate the E1 Interface Modules (EIM).

2.1.2

Physical Dimensions
A 4U chassis.
Height178 mm (7 in.)
Width435 mm (17.15 in.)
Depth365 mm (14.37 in.)
Weight16.1 Kg (35.5 lb.)

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2.1.3

Cards
TdGATE cards are 267mm high and 220mm deep. There are three LEDs on the each
card faceplate to indicate the operational status of the card (Power, Active and
Alarm). There are two additional LEDs on the CPM module to indicate the current
system alarm level (Major, Minor).

2.1.4

Rack Installation
TdGATE shelves require minimal on-site assembly. The shelf brackets are
interchangeable and adjustable, for mounting in either 19" or ETSI racks.

2.1.5

Cooling
The shelf is equipped with a hot-swappable fan tray that contains 4 axial fans.

2.1.6

Shelf Architecture
The TdGATE open shelf architecture is designed to be future-proof and provides
the operator with the utmost flexibility and scalability. The following cards are
required for providing the infrastructure for all system services:
Central Processing Module (CPM) and CPM Transition Module (rear card)
Voice Processing Module (VPM)
E1 Interface Module (EIM) and EIM Transition Module (rear card)
Power Supply Module (PSM)

Backplane Architecture
The shelf backplane supports hot insertion and the removal of cards.
The very high throughput of the backplane supports transmission of large volumes of
traffic.
The backplane includes the following busses:
H.110 full duplex TDM bus (2048 time-slots).
HDLC communication bus (4 Mbps).
Two 100 Mbps StarLAN buses. Each VPM card is connected by 100BT point-topoint connection to each other card in the chassis.
Control Bus.
Power bus.

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2.1.7

Environmental and Safety Specifications

Safety

Safety specifications conform to CE mark standards.

Resistance to voltage and current overload conforms to ITU-T K.20 and ITU-T
K.45, respectively.

Environmental Conditions
TdGATE components are designed for deployment in the Central Office.
Operating temperature: from 0 to 45 Celsius.
Storage temperature:
from 20 to 70 Celsius.
Relative humidity:
from 5% to 90% (non condensing).

EMC Compliance
TdGATE components comply with EMC EN300 386-2 requirements.

2.2

Cards

2.2.1

Central Processing Module (CPM)

The Central Processing Module (CPM) is responsible for
signaling, management interface and cage control. The CPM
has a CPM TM (transition module) aligned in the back of the
chassis.
The CPM card provides:
Main system host
Responsible for V5.1 and V5.2 protocols, signaling, call
processing and protocol conversion.
Implements SNMP MIB and agent.
Manages interface to EMS and NMS systems.
Manages system clock and synchronization.
Provides alarm dry contact relays.
CPM TM provides:
An external relay connection to send an alarm
An additional Ethernet port and terminal port connectors
to offer rear connection.

2.2.2

Voice Processing Module GE (VPM-GE)

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The Voice Processing Module GE (VPM-GE) is responsible

for the media conversion and compression.
The VPM-GE card provides:

2.2.3

Voice processing and IP network interface.

Implements VoIP protocols.
Up to 960 concurrent calls.
Interface to the IP network.
Gig-E interface (optical or electrical)
Additional Fast Ethernet (100BaseT) interface, to separate
management and/or signaling from voice traffic

E1 Interface Module (EIM-16)

The E1 Interface Module (EIM-16) contains 16 E1 balanced
interfaces, and features V5 interface signaling support. The
EIM must have an EIM TM (transition module) aligned in the
back of the chassis that holds the E1 connector.
V5 interface signaling support, as follows:

TdGATE IP-V5
Technical Description

V5 ETS 300 347-1 and ETS 300 324-1 Edition 1 and 2

Supports V5.2 interface with triple links (up to 16links) per
interface. Each E1 can be configured as V5.2 primary,
secondary or as a single link.
Ability to mix links and interfaces across EIM modules
Ability to support V5 protection and redundancy
Hot swap module support
E1 link impedance 120 balanced

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2.2.4

Power Supply Module (PSM)

The Power Supply Module (PSM) provides power supply to the TdGATE. Up to
three hot-swappable PSMs, supporting AC or DC input and load sharing, guarantee
an uninterrupted power supply and ensure zero downtime. The PSM must have a
PSM TM (transition module) aligned in the back of the chassis that holds the power
cable connectors and the ON/OFF switch.
The following features are supported:
Separate power feed (AC/DC) for the system.
Universal AC voltage (110-240 VAC).
DC voltage (-36 to -72 VDC).
Full redundancy capability.
Hot swap module support.

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3.

Voice Services

3.1

Interfaces and Protocols

3.1.1

TDM Access-Side Interfaces

TdGATE IP-V5 terminates V5.1 and V5.2 DLCs (digital loop carriers). The V5
interface may contain links that are spread between EIMs. TdGATE converts the
access signaling protocol to the appropriate VoIP protocol.

3.1.2

VoIP Protocols
The TdGATE IP-V5 system supports all major VoIP signaling protocols: MGCP,
Megaco/H.248 and SIP. The RTP protocol is used to carry the voice-band stream as
packets over the IP network. The RTCP protocol is used to provide feedback on the
quality of the stream distribution.
Please refer to Figure 3-1: Example of MGCP Call Scenario.

Planned

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MGCP Call
POTS
Subscriber

TdGATE IP-V5

Softswitch

POTS
Subscriber

TdGATE IP-V5

Off Hook

NTFY[User1@[IPV4],O:hd]
RQNT[User1@[IPV4],S:hu]
RQNT[User1@[IPV4],S:dl,
D:digitmap,R:[0-9*#T],hu]

Dial Tone
DTMF Digit 1
DTMF Digit 2
DTMF Digit 3

NTFY[User1@[IPV4],O:D/123]
RQNT[User1@[IPV4],R:hu]

CRCX[User2@[IPV4]
M:SendRecv,L:a:PCMA,p:20
Remote SDP]
OK[Local SDP]
Initial Ring

RQNT[User2@[IPV4],R:hd,S:ri,ci(
123)]

CRCX[User1@[IPV4],
M:RecvOnly,L:a:PCMA,p:20]
OK[Local SDP]
MDCX[User1@[IPV4],
M:RecvOnly,Remote SDP]
RQNT[User1@[IPV4],R:hu,S:rt]

Ring Back Tone

CLIP (FSK)
Cadence Ring
Off Hook

NTFY[User2@[IPV4],O:hd]

MDCX[User1@[IPV4],SendRecv,
R:hf,hu]

RQNT[User2@[IPV4],R:hu]

RQNT[User1@[IPV4],R:hu,S:]

(Stop ring back tone)

Voice
NTFY[User1@[IPV4],O:hu]

On Hook

RQNT[User1@[IPV4],R:hd]
DLCX[User2@[IPV4]]
DLCX[User1@[IPV4]
OK [RTP Statistics]

Busy Tone

RQNT[User2@[IPV4],R:hu,S:bz]
OK[RTP Statistics]

On Hook

RQNT[User1@[IPV4],R:hd]
NTFY[User2@[IPV4],O:hu]
RQNT[User2@[IPV4],R:hd]

Figure 3-1: Example of MGCP Call Scenario

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Megaco/H248 Call
POTS
Subscriber

TdGATE IP-V5

Softswitch

POTS
Subscriber

TdGATE IP-V5

Off Hook
Notify[A44,Observed = {al/of]}]
Modify[A44,Sig={cg/dt},Digitmap=
DP0,Events={al/on}]

Dial Tone
DTMF Digit 1
DTMF Digit 2
DTMF Digit 3
Notify[A44,Observed{ds="123"]
Add[A44,Stream=1,RecvOnly,
Local={G723,p:30},Sig={cs/rt}]
Add[A55,Stream=1,SendRecv,
Local={G723,p:30},Sig={al/ri},
Events={al/of},RemoteSDP]

Reply[Local SDP]

Reply[Local SDP]
Initial Ring

Ring Back Tone

CLIP (FSK)
Cadence Ring
Off Hook

Notify[A55,Observed={al/of}]

Modify[A44,SendRecv

Modify[A55,Sig={},Events={al/on}]

(Stop ring back tone)

Voice
Notify[A44,Obsereved = {al/on} ]

On Hook

Subtruct[A44,Audit Statistics]
Subtruct[A55,Audit Statistics]

OK[CnId, RTCP Statistics]

OK[CnId, RTCP Statistics]

Busy Tone
Modify [Events={al/of}]

Modify [Events={al/of}]

On Hook

Figure 3-2: Example of Megaco/H248 Call Scenario

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Voice-Band Stream Processing

Subscriber Side
The voice-band stream on the subscriber side of TdGATE IP-V5 can have the
following formats:
PCM (E1) for V5.1
PCM (E1) for V5.2

Network Side
The RTP packets created and handled by TdGATE can contain voice-band
information encoded in various forms and packetized with different packetization
periods. The G.711 encoder can use either -law or A-law PCM encoding.

Codecs
To obtain optimum bandwidth utilization, the operator can select from a host of
voice-compression algorithms, such as G.711a/ , G.729a/b, G.723.1, and G.726
(ADPCM-32).
Several preferred codecs can be selected for each voice-service port. The codecs used
for a given call depend on those selected and those supported by the other party.
A very significant improvement in bandwidth utilization is provided by the silencesuppression mechanism. To prevent transmission during silent periods of a
conversation, TdGATE employs a voice-activity detection (VAD) mechanism. This
sends special packets during silent periods, while another mechanism generates
comfort noise (based on information from the other party) so that the line does not
sound dead.
The operator can activate echo canceling on any voice channel. This is only activated
on the near (subscriber) side, so the required echo tail can be short.

Handling Voice-Band Data

Problems can arise when stream compression does not allow voice-band data (fax and
modem) or tones (DTMF) to pass through. TdGATE can identify the tones that signal
the beginning of a fax or modem transmission and automatically switch from the
compression codec to the required G.711 codec for the duration of the session. In this
case, echo canceling and silence suppression are disabled. Alternatively, TdGATE
can relay the stream using other formats or protocols: faxes can be transmitted using
the T.38 protocol, and DTMF tones can be transmitted using the payload format
described in RFC 2833.

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Special Features

3.2

TdGATE handles voice-band streams of calls between subscribers connected to

the same TdGATE system (intracalls) by switching the voice stream inside the
gateway, and therefore not wasting bandwidth on the IP interface.
TdGATE supports law-enforcement interception. It can duplicate any channel and
send the stream to its LEA collection function as well as to the callers. *
TdGATE is able to mix signals from two or more sources and distribute them to
all callers. This capability enables 3-Way calls.

Class 5 Features
TdGATE is part of a Class 5 switch replacement solution, so it supports all Class 5
features, including:

Anonymous Call Rejection

Call Waiting + CLIP
Call Return
Cancel Call Waiting
CLIP
3-Way Call (with external bridge)
Outgoing Block CLI
3-Way Call
Outgoing Forced CLI
Speed Dialing
Do Not Disturb
Hotline
Block Anonymous Call
Warmline
Distinctive Ringing
Emergency Numbers
Repeat Dialing
Interception
Incoming Call Control
Forward-on-Busy
Selective Call Forward
Forward-on-No-Answer
Selective Call Reject
Forward Unconditional
Selective Call Waiting
Forward to Voice Mail
Automatic Call Back
Services Activation/Deactivation.
Call Waiting

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3.3

Voice and Signaling Security

TdGATE IP-V5 incorporates a host of security features:
The operator can configure TdGATE with a list of authorized call agents.
TdGATE will respond to directives only from these CAs or from notified
entities provisioned by an authorized CA.
The operator can set the value of the UDP ports for each media gateway and for
the call agent (CA), thereby avoiding the risks of using well-known default
values.
The TdGATE platform uses an embedded operating system, which considerably
reduces vulnerability to virus and worm attacks.
UDP ports, used for voice payloads, are allocated dynamically; they are open only
when actually in use. This reduces the risk of a random search attack.
TdGATE can be configured so that voice and/or signaling traffic is carried on
VLANs, thus further increasing security.
Signaling protocols can be secured by employing the IPSec encryption protocol.
Key management is performed using the Internet Key Exchange (IKE) protocol.
Voice streams can be encrypted as part of the RTP and RTCP protocols.

3.4

Quality of Service
TdGATE IP-V5 supports the DiffServ scheme, which allows the softswitch to classify
the QoS of voice payload packets, signaling and management stream. The DiffServ
marking of the ToS byte in the IP header of the packets ensures that a voice payload
originating from TdGATE is handled correctly by network equipment. This optimizes
QoS attributes such as bandwidth, latency and jitter. Within TdGATE, voice traffic
always gets higher priority in switching and processing than all other types of traffic.
TdGATE allows the operator to optimize algorithm settings for the jitter buffer. This
enables the operator to balance the need to account for inherent jitteriness in the IP
network with the need to reduce delay.
TdGATE also enables the operator to activate echo canceling for voice payloads on
the subscriber side.

Planned

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4.

System Capacity and Scalability

TdGATE IP-V5 supports up to 960 concurrent calls, which is equivalent to 32 E1s (2
EIM modules). With a concentration ration of up to 1:8, it can support up to 8000
subscribers in a single chassis.
Up to 32 V5.x interfaces are supported, and each V5.2 interface can support the
maximum of 16 E1s defined by the V5 standard.
A standard seven (7)-foot rack can accommodate up to ten (10) TdGATE shelves.

4.1

Capacity Table
Table 4-1: Capacity Table

Capacity Per Shelf

Capacity per 7-foot

Rack

Concurrent calls

960

9600

Subscribers

8000

80000

V5.x links

32

320

V5.x interfaces

32

320

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5.

Principal of Operations
TdGATE IP-V5 is a carrier-class platform that offers very high network reliability
and availability. It contains built-in mechanisms that operate and maintain the system
even if a failure occurs, in order to avoid downtime.

5.1

Redundancy
TdGATE IP-V5 shelves provide several levels of redundancy for ensuring continuous
service:
Redundant CPM (active/standby).
Redundant VPM (active/standby).
Redundant PSM: load balancing with separate power feed.
Redundant power supply (AC and DC) in load sharing mode.
Dual boot banks.
Last software load always available.
E1 interfaces in the EIM module are in load sharing mode (redundancy provided
by V5 protection protocol).
Redundant VoIP network connection, and support for redundant softswitch
configurations
All hardware components are hot swappable.

5.2

Software upgrade
Software upgrade is executed in the following way:
The software is downloaded from a FTP server to the Standby software bank in
the CPM card.
During that time, the system continues to give service as usual (service not
affected) and therefore downtime is reduced to a minimum.
When the download process has ended, the operator needs to swap between
Active and Standby software banks (swap operation).
Reset the system.
The TdGATE IP-V5 loads the new software version for all its modules from the
Active software bank, when it is booted.

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5.3

Clock Synchronization
The TdGATE IP-V5 shelf can be synchronized with an external source that is
traceable to a PRS (primary reference source).
The shelf can use any of the following clock sources:
An external 2.048 Mbps, E1 signal.
An internal clock, in holdover or free-run mode.
The operator can select primary and secondary reference sources.

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6.

GateEMS
GateEMS is an easy-to-use, multi-user management system, built according to the
TMN (Telecommunication Management Networks) architecture. It uses standard
interfaces such as XML to communicate with other management systems (OSS,
NMS, etc.), and SNMP to communicate with the TdGATE gateways. It can be
deployed on both PC and UNIX platforms. GateEMS provides operators with a
consolidated, intuitive management interface.
GateEMS contains application logic, a unique database developed at Tdsoft
and interfaces to TdGATE systems and high-level management systems
(OSS, NMS, etc.).

6.1

Features
GateEMS meets the requirements for control and monitoring of fault, performance
and security, according to the FCAPS model, as follows:

Fault Management

Collection, correlation and masking of events.

Central diagnostics, including the calculating and displaying all affected
components and services.
Activation of recovery procedures after fault conditions.
Protection from alarm flooding.

Configuration Management

Defining and provisioning of the TdGATE system.

Recording of data from hardware components (manufacturing information,
software version, etc.).
Quick and simple configuration, using profiles and templates that can be
modified.
Defining and managing long lists of customers and services, using an XML
interface.

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Performance Management

Collection and storage of performance monitoring points and operational

measurement from the entire TdGATE system, including:
- Hardware components (links, cards and ports).
- Network traffic analysis (voice and data services).

Security Management

6.2

User authentication, validation and configuration.

User categorization, assigning different permission levels to different operators.
Recording of a log of failed login events.
Secure connection to the TdGATE, using the SNMP Community.

Standard External Interfaces

GateEMS supports connections to higher-level OSS or NMS management systems
using XML interface. This is useful for performing bulk provisioning, for addition,
deletion and modification of customer records and services.

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Appendix A - List of Acronyms

Acronym
CA

Call Agent

CBC

Cipher Block Chaining

CLI

Calling Line Identification

CAPEX

Capital Expenses

CLIP

Calling Line Identification Presentation

DES

Data Encryption Standard

DLC

Digital Loop Carrier

DTMF

Dual Tone Multi Frequency

EMC

Electro Magnetic Compatibility

ETSI

European Telecommunications Standards Institute

FCAPS

Fault, Configuration, Accounting, Provisioning,

Security

FSK

Frequency-Shift Keying

FTP

File Transfer Protocol

GUI

Graphical User Interface

IKE

Internet Key Exchange

IP

Internet Protocol

IPSec

IP Security Protocol

LEA

Law Enforcement Agency

LED

Light Emitting Diode

MGC

Media Gate Controller

MGCP

Media Gateway Controller Protocol

MPLS

Multi-Protocol Label Switching

NGN

Next Generation Network

NMS

Network Management System

OPEX

Operation Expenses

OSS

Operating Support System

PCM

Pulse Code Modulation

PLL

Phase-Locked Loop

POTS

Plain Old Telephony Service

PRS

Primary Reference Source

TdGATE IP-V5
Technical Description

Subject to change without notice

Version 1.3

Appendix A-1
Proprietary and Confidential

Acronym
RTCP

Real Time Control Protocol

RTP

Real Time Protocol

SIP

Session Initiation Protocol

SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol

TDM

Time Division Multiplexing

TMN

Telecommunication Management Networks

UDP

User Datagram Protocol

V5

Access network specifications V5.1 and V5.2

VAD

Voice-Activity Detection

VLAN

Virtual LAN

VoIP

Voice over IP

XML

eXtensible Markup Language

Appendix A-2
Proprietary and Confidential

Subject to change without notice

Version 1.3

TdGATE IP-V5
Technical Description