Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Size Reduction
Size Reduction
8th Edition
7th Edition
Section 21
Pages 21-8 to 21-11
Pages 21-45 to 21-73
Section 20
Pages 20-5 to 20-7
Pages 20-10 to 20-56
Vp aDp
2
6b Dp
2
b (independent of size)
Sp 6bDp
6
a
1
Sphericity,
s
Vp aDp
Number of Particles:
m pp
aD 3
p
m p
6bD 2
A NS p
p
aD3p
6m
A
p Dp
6
Aw
p
1 2
n
.......
Dpn
Dp1 Dp2
Aw
1
0
d
Dp
Nw
1 N n
Nw
3
a p n 1 Dp
Nw
1
0
a p
d
3
Dp
6
Dvs
Aw p
0
DN
Nw
c. Mass-means diameter
1
Dpd
0
Dw
BDkp
dD p
P Awb Awa
T
N
Sp
Vp
6
Dp
P
1 P in Hp; T in tons/min
1
1.46Ei
Ei in kW - h/ton; X & X in ft
T
X1
X2
P
1
1
0.3162Ei
T
X1
X2
1
P in kW; T in tons/hr
Ei in kW - h/ton; X1 & X2 in mm
Dp a
P
k log
T
Dpb
where:
Dp a
= size reduction ratio
Dpb
3. Hammer Mill
- the hammer deliver heavy blows to the feed material while it is
in suspension, driving it against a breaker plate until it is fine
enough to pass through the openings
4. Squirrel-cage disintegrator
- for fibrous materials such as wood blocks and asbestos
- two concentric cages rotate in opposite direction
- the feed is introduced into the inner cage
- centrifugal force drives the material into the spaces between
the rotating cages where it is torn apart
2.Cone Crushers
- Consists of a conical crushing head similar to that of the
gyratory crusher. Operation is also similar to the latter. However
what is different about the cone crusher is that the outer
stationary crushing plate flares outward to provide increasing
area of discharge so that the machine can quickly clear itself of
the reduced product. This stationary crushing plate is held in
position by a nest of heavy helical tension springs so that when
tramp iron or other uncrushable objects enter the crushing zone,
the plate is lifted preventing fracture of plate and injury to the
machine.
3. Edge Runners
- The only commonly used crusher of this general type
is the one in which the pan rotates and the horizontal
axis of the grinding wheels is stationary.
- This machine is widely used in the clay industry, but
little anywhere else and is usually known as dry pan or
wet pan according to whether the clay is crushed with
or without the addition of water.
- This is not suited for hard rock crushing
1. Pebble Mill
2. Rod Mill
- Rod mills are similar to pebble mills and ball
mills except that the grinding media are steel
rods rather than balls. The rods are always
longer than the diameter of the mills and
therefore lie in the mill parallel to the axis. As
the mill turns, the rods drop on to lower ones,
reducing the charge partly by impact and
partly by grinding.
3. Ball Mills
- consists of a horizontal cylinder whose diameter is roughly equal to its
length, lined with heavy liner plates. The feed end consists of a helical
feed scoop which lifts feed into the spiral feed liner from which it enters
the mill. The load of the balls, the speed of revolution, the size of the balls
and the rate of feed are all factors that are controlled so that the
discharge leaving the discharge screen and the discharge funnel is of the
desired size. The discharge screen is a coarse-mesh screen, not to screen
out particles that have not been ground to the correct size but to keep
back the any of the balls that may have entered the discharge end of the
mill. The mill is rotated by the gear. The mill in operation will contain balls
of various sizes. They are not put in various sizes but, since the balls are
being continually worn away by attrition, new balls must be supplied from
time to time.
N
where:
76.65
Dd