BIOLOGY

Definition of Terms
1.

2.

3.

4.
5.

Gregor Mendel an
Australian monk who was
known as the father of
genetics.
His contribution in the
field of science was
genetics.
Principle of Unit
Characters known as
the particulate nature of
inheritance.
States that the parent
are able to transmit
discrete heritable factor
traits (genes) that retain
separate identities of
their offspring & that
these factors occur in
pairs.
Principle of
Dominance states that
some traits are
transmitted to and
manifested in offsprings
more often than others.
Genetics study of
heredity and variation.
Heredity the
transmission of
characteristics from
parents to offsprings by

the union of the parents

gametes.
6. Gametes reproductive
cells w/c are the sperm &
egg cell.
7. Dominant trait/gene
traits that are manifested
more than others.
8. Recessive Trait traits
that did not manifest
often.
9. Homozygous
organism who has paired
genes for a given
characteristics that are
the same.
10. Heterozygous
organism with different
gene pairs.
11. P Generation original
parent.
12. F1 Generation always
manifested the dominant
traits from one of the
parents even when the
other parent has a
contacting trait.
13. F2 Generation
produced when F1
hybrids self-pollinate.
14. Allele Different genes
associated with a single
trait.
15. Genotype refers to the
internal genetic
constitution.

16. Phenotype

refers to
the external or physical
expression of a trait.
17. Chromosomes
Filamentous structures in
the cell nucleus where
the genes are located.
18. Hybrid refers to an
offspring which inherited
contrasting traits from its
parents.
19. Monohybrid crossing
a breeding experiment
involving only one
character w/ two
contrasting traits.
20. Punnett Square tool
used to determine all
possible offsprings of a
given cross.
21. Genes unit of blueprint
of heredity and
designated by pair
letters.

Segment of DNA
molecule which codes for
a trait or character.

PUNNETT SQUARE
A green pea plant (GG) is
being crossed with a green
pea plant (Gg)
P1 = GG x Gg
G
G

GG

Gg

GG
Gg

Genotype 2 homozygous
dominant
- 2 heterozygous
Phenotype 4 green peas.