Hand-Held

Refractometers
Distributor Manual
2012
Version 3.3 July 2012
Restricted Publication:
Official Distributors of
Bellingham + Stanley Only

DISTRIBUTOR MANUAL
CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Basic Principles
3. Scales and Practical Uses of Refractometers
4. Hand-Held Refractometers
5. The Eclipse Design
6. Commercial Considerations
7. Eclipse Models
8. Eclipse Standard Models
(scale details and application suggestions)
9. E-Line Models
10. E-Line Adblue Models
11. E-Line 80 Model
12. OPTi - Specific Models

Food & Beverage

Wine & Brewing
Life Science
Industrial & Chemical - Heat Transfer Liquids Automotive - Aviation
OPTi+ full scale models

Appendix 1

Refractive Index of Water as a function of

temperature
Appendix 2 Instrument Selection Guide
Appendix 3 Protective Cases for the Eclipse
Appendix 4 Calibration Verification Procedure for
Hand-Held Refractometers using traceable
standards
Appendix 5 Temperature Correction Table
Appendix 6 Brix to Refractive Index Conversion Table
Appendix 7 % Water in Honey temperature correction
table for 45-27 Eclipse refractometer
Appendix 8 Extended ABV table 2 decimal resolution
%ABV
Appendix 9 Calibration & verification points for hand
held refractometers
Appendix 10 Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. Introduction
Bellingham + Stanley has been manufacturing hand-held refractometers since the
1930s when they were first introduced for checking the ripeness of sugar cane in the
field. Nowadays, hand-held refractometers are used all over the world for various
applications. They are now manufactured in very large quantities by quite a number
of companies, many of which are located in the Far East.
This document is a manual designed for Bellingham + Stanley distributors that
market and sell our range of hand-held refractometers. It contains a variety of
information, both technical and commercial, to help the distributor to provide a more
informed service to customers and to aid the selling process.
Our hand held brochure is also informative, but this is targeted for the end-user. The
distributor needs a better understanding of the basic principles and limitations of
hand-held instruments, particularly where customers are contemplating the purchase
of a bench instrument. The latter costs between 20 and 50 times that of a hand-held
refractometer and so the distributor needs a good understanding of the advantages
of the bench instrument and the reasons why hand-held refractometers are limited in
their capability.
This manual therefore provides both promotional materials for our hand held
refractometers, but also criticism of hand-held refractometers generally, so that the
distributor has a better perspective on the industry and is able to satisfy customer
needs more effectively.
Information is also provided on applications to enable the distributor to target
particular subjects. This is not an exhaustive treatise on the subject; further help and
support is always available from the B+S Sales Departments in Tunbridge Wells,
England and Atlanta, USA.
Discussion of hand held refractometers, there strengths and limitations and
particularly in relation to competitor products, necessitates that we must treat this
document as CONFIDENTIAL. Circulation of this document is therefore restricted to
authorised distributors for Bellingham + Stanley.

LEARN MORE..
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DISTRIBUTOR SECTION - HAND HELD NEWS

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RESOURCE CENTRE
FOR UPTO DATE INFORMATION, APPLICATIONS
AND OTHER MATTERS RELATING TO OUR HAND
HELDS

2. Basic Principles
To understand the uses and limitations of hand-held refractometers, it is instructive to
consider first the concept of refraction and its measurement.
When a ray of light passes from one medium to another, the speed of the light
changes according to the density of the transmitting medium. At the interface
between two media, the ray changes direction as its speed suddenly changes. This
effect is known as refraction and is a familiar concept.
The refractive index (RI) of a substance is a measure of the speed of light in a
substance relative to that in a vacuum (very close to the speed in air). The RI is a
physical property that depends upon temperature and the wavelength of the light.
For a particular substance the RI is a unique number when measured using a
monochromatic light source (single wavelength) at a fixed temperature.
A refractometer is a device that measures the RI of a substance, usually a liquid,
but sometimes a solid. Laboratory refractometers utilise monochromatic light, usually
that of sodium at 589.3 nm. They also have a means for controlling temperature or at
least measuring it precisely in order to compensate for any variance. A laboratory
refractometer can typically measure the refractive index to within 0.0001 or better.
Thus, the refractive index of water when measured with sodium light (589.3 nm) at 20
C is 1.33299.
How does a refractometer work? Most modern refractometer designs utilise the
concept of Critical Angle, which is attributed to Ernst Abbe, the 19th Century
physicist. The principle is illustrated below.
Incident light strikes the surface
of a medium at different angles.
At low angles the light passes
through the substance and this is
called refracted light. At a certain
angle of incidence called the
Critical Angle, the light no longer
passes through; it is reflected
back. From the viewing position,
an area of light and an area of
dark are therefore observed,
corresponding to transmitted
(refracted) light and reflected light
(no transmission), respectively.
The Borderline between the two
areas defines the critical angle
condition and this can be
mathematically related to the RI
of the substance.

Liquid Sample

Ray at critical angle

Prism

80
60
40
20
0

This is the basic concept, but to build a refractometer, other design features must
then be considered:
1. Prism this supports the sample and guides the light rays through the
refractometer. It must be made from a substance of RI higher than that of the
measured substance usually a special glass or sapphire. Prism angles
determine the direction of emergent light rays
2. Scale this is mathematically constructed according to the geometry of the
instrument and the RI of the prism. Its intersection with the observed borderline
(critical condition) provides the reading.
3. Focusing system lenses are used to enable the user to focus simultaneously
on the borderline and the scale.
4. Light source this is ideally a pure (monochromatic) source, but natural (white)
light can be used, for example with hand-held refractometers.
5. Temperature control this is a means whereby the sample temperature is
controlled or precisely measured.
These features govern the main aspects of a basic, optical-mechanical refractometer.
Modern digital automatic instruments utilise the same concept and principle, but
electronics and software are used to provide greater user flexibility, convenience and
performance features.

3. Scales and practical uses of refractometers

Scientists may wish to measure the RI when studying the physical properties of
different liquids and solids. However, refractometers are usually used for more
pragmatic purposes, usually to measure the concentration of a dissolved substance.
The simplest and most popular use of a refractometer is in measuring the
concentration of sugar in water. As the concentration of sugar increases the RI
increases. A refractometer can therefore be used to measure concentration of sugar
provided the relationship between RI and concentration (and temperature!) is known.
The Brix scale is the most widely used scale and is based on the relationship
between pure sucrose in water concentration (weight %) and RI. The Brix scale is
more popular than RI itself. Brix is used for testing liquid food products. Even when
the food does not just contain sucrose in water, but other dissolved ingredients, the
Brix scale is used as a measure of nutritional value. Thus soft drinks, juices, sauces,
preserves etc. are assigned a Brix value as part of the Quality Assurance for the
product. Indeed, in the juice and soft drink industries, the Brix value is arguably the
most important parameter in quality control.
Many B+S refractometers are equipped with a Brix scale. Bench instruments often
have Brix and RI as the principal working scales. But many other scales can be
assigned to an instrument.

Scanning through the Eclipse range in the later parts of this manual will illustrate
quite a number of the popular standard scales that are available. Some are very
specific such as those used in the wine and brewing industries and the antifreeze
scales used for automotive fluids and the clinical scales used in hospitals for urine
and blood plasma. We have even used a scale for measuring the ripeness of grass
(Water soluble Carbohydrate content) for use by farmers.
Basically, provided a relationship between liquid composition or concentration and RI
is available, a special scale can be constructed for a refractometer making it a
concentration meter.

4. Hand-held refractometers
So, what about hand-held refractometers? They are low-cost, simple devices that are
popular in a multitude of applications. They are popular because they are easy and
convenient to use and cost a fraction of a typical bench instrument.
Hand-held refractometers work according to the same basic principles and design
considerations outlined above. But they are limited in terms of accuracy and
applicability because:
1. They utilise natural (white) light
2. There is no way to control temperature
3. Light must be transmitted by the sample
Using white light means that the borderline cannot be as sharp as that obtained in a
laboratory instrument. White light is made up of wavelengths from about 350 to 800
nm (the visible spectrum). Light of each wavelength travels at a different speed. This
manifests itself as blurring and colouring of the borderline. This is called dispersion
(splitting into different wavelengths). Some substances have high dispersive power
and therefore will distort a white light borderline to a greater extent. This effect gets
worse as the RI increases, such that some liquids may not be measurable to an
acceptable accuracy using a hand-held instrument.
The accuracy and precision is also limited by the size and optical arrangement.
Typically, a hand-held refractometer can read on an RI scale to about 0.001 units,
compared to a resolution of up to 0.00001 on a bench Abbe or automatic instrument.
These values equate to about 0.2 Brix for a hand held versus a resolution to 0.01
Brix on a bench instrument such as the RFM 340+. Accuracy on the latter will vary
according to sample type but can be about 0.02 for a sugar solution or soft drink,
i.e. about 100 times more accurate than a hand-held refractometer.
Despite the fact that some hand-held models offer Automatic Temperature
Compensation (ATC), there is no actual control over the sample temperature. The
ATC principle (explained below in section) gives a limited degree of temperature
correction, relying upon the sample being at the same temperature as the instrument.
Most hand-held refractometers are calibrated initially at 20 C in the factory. When
the ambient temperature changes, the instrument temperature also changes and the
calibration is no longer valid. Certain hand held refractometers such as the Eclipse
have a zero adjuster. This means the instrument can be re-set using a reliable
standard such as water. This is in fact a better way to combat changes in

temperature with a hand-held instrument than relying upon ATC. Sudden changes in
temperature or applying very hot or very cold samples (e.g. out of the refrigerator)
can incur quite large errors with hand-held instruments. The way to deal with this is to
have good experimental technique/protocol to ensure thermal equilibration.
Because hand-held refractometers work with transmitted light, highly coloured or
opaque samples may not give very sharp borderlines. The position of the borderline
then becomes a subjective judgement of the user, which reduces the reproducibility
of the instrument. Bench automatic instruments, such as the RFM models, surmount
this problem by measuring the reflected light from a sample surface, rather than
transmitted light. Thus, for example in the tomato paste industry, bench automatics
are considerably easier to use and much more reliable than hand-held refractometers
where borderlines are often not discernible.
In practice, many users are happy with the relative low accuracy of hand-held
refractometers, accepting that they provide a quick and convenient way to check their
product, rather than a high precision QA method. Other users really do not
appreciate the fact that a hand-held refractometer is such a basic device compared
to a laboratory bench instrument. Distributors for B+S need to understand this and
give fair and realistic advice depending on the customer specific application.

5. The Eclipse Design

Despite the somewhat negative comments about hand-held refractometers, they can
be very useful and practical devices. The B+S Eclipse range are available with a
variety of popular scales that cover most applications. In the first year of sales the
instrument has received a good reception by customers.
The Eclipse replaced the earlier Field and Delta models and the Pocket before that.
Earlier instruments were regarded as high quality instruments but somewhat
expensive to manufacture compared to competitor products such as those of Atago
in Japan probably the market leader in the high quality sector.
The Eclipse instrument was designed in the late nineties and intended to compete on
both quality and price with Atago instruments in most/all world markets. When
designing the Eclipse B+S set a number of objectives:
1. High quality optical design to match or better previous models
2. Clear comfortable to read scales
3. Smooth eyepiece adjustment
4. Zero or calibration adjustment on all models
5. Optimum size and weight with good balance
6. Practical hand grip giving good thermal insulation
7. Anti-roll design
8. Push-on moulded prism flap for easy and low-cost replacement
9. Materials and construction to ensure low manufacturing cost and hence price
10. No compromise on quality
11. Serial numbered
12. IP66 water resistant
All these objectives were achieved. Also, the Eclipse offers the unique dribble
feature, which allows samples to be applied in optimum quantity without raising the
prism flap.

6. Commercial Considerations
B+S would like to achieve a leading position alongside Atago in this high volume
hand-held refractometer market. B+S have a strong position in the bench
refractometer market with the RFM ranges and many potential customers are aware
of our market presence. We are the leader in many world markets with digital
automatic bench instruments. However, our higher prices have precluded us from
many hand-held markets; many potential customers may assume that we are too
expensive. We want to change this perception.
We believe the Eclipse is a high quality instrument and we believe we can offer the
instrument at a competitive price in most/all markets. However, we need close cooperation and aggressive marketing from our distributors to achieve our sales
aspirations. As our sales grow we aim to improve our manufacturing methods and
any cost savings will be reflected in our pricing
We have priced the instrument in a different way to other products. The Eclipse is 20
to 50 times lower in price than our laboratory instruments. Its cost (price) is therefore
much more sensitive to costs incurred in packing, freight and administration.
Therefore, to achieve our goals of widespread sales and rapid sales growth, we must
try to sell and ship in quantity. We therefore offer a steep volume-discount
relationship to encourage volume purchase. We wish our distributors to purchase
higher quantities for stock: 10+, 25+, 50+ etc. We realise that some judgement is
needed in selecting the right models to suit the local market and therefore we can
assist with this process and some negotiation may be necessary.

7. Eclipse Models
Manufactured in the UK using only the highest quality optical components and the
most modern manufacturing practices, the Eclipse refractometer is the ultimate hand
held refractometer on the market today. A comprehensive choice of scale types
offers versatility across a wide application scope from testing fruit ripeness in the field
to monitoring industrial fluids in harsh machine shop environments. Eclipse
refractometers have a number of unique features, which are not available on many
other brands of refractometers.

8. Eclipse Standard Models

Scale details and application suggestions
The following table shows the standard Eclipse range of instruments. The
subsequent section gives a more detailed description, instrument by instrument.

Code
45-01
45-02
45-07
45-03
45-08
45-05
45-06
45-22
45-27
45-81
45-82
Code
45-26
45-41
45-44

45-45

45-46

45-65
45-66

Food, Beverage, Sugar & General

Models
Sugar % (Brix)
Sugar % (Brix)
Sugar % (Brix)
Sugar % (Brix)
Sugar % (Brix)
Sugar % (Brix)
Sugar % (Brix)
Wine/Cider Zeiss (ABV)
Water-in-Honey %
Sugar % (Brix) Low Volume
Sugar % (Brix) Low Volume
Industrial Models
Starch %
Refractive Index
Antifreeze - C Protection
Ethylene Glycol
Propylene Glycol
Battery Acid
Antifreeze - F Protection
Ethylene Glycol
Propylene Glycol
Battery Acid
Antifreeze % concentration by Vol.
Ethylene Glycol
Propylene Glycol
Salinity (% NaCl)
Aviation (RI)

Range

Scale Division

0 15
0 30
0 32
0 50
28 65
45 80
72 95
10 135
10 30
0 50
45 80
Range
0 30
1.330 1.420

0.1
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.2
1.0
0.2
0.5
0.2
Scale Division
0.2
0.001

0 to 40
0 to 40
1.1 1.35

5.0
5.0
0.05

30 to -40
30 to -40
1.1 1.35

5.0
5.0
0.05

0 60
0 60
0 28
1.330 1.420

2.5
2.5
0.2
0.001

Page
No
10
11
12
11
11
11
12
13
13
18
18
15
16
17

17

18

45-003

Spare illuminator flaps for Eclipse models (pack of 5)

44-838
44-839

Hydrometer Jar for ABV

Hydrometer for ABV range 0.98 to 1.050 SG

18
16

Standard Sugar % (Brix) Models

There are seven standard Brix instruments. Each one covers a different
concentration range and hence different applications. The instrument scales and
calibration are based on wt% sucrose in water in accordance with the 1974 (most
recent) ICUMSA standards.
Type

Code

Range

Sugar % (Brix)
Sugar % (Brix)
Sugar % (Brix)
Sugar % (Brix)
Sugar % (Brix)
Sugar % (Brix)
Sugar % (Brix)

45-01
45-02
45-07
45-03
45-08
45-05
45-06

0-15
0-30
0-32
0-50
28-65
45-80
72-95

Scale
Division
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.5

Weight
g
280
250
250
220
250
250
220

Length
(mm)
230
190
190
160
190
190
160

B+S are often asked why we do not produce a single 0-95% instrument. The reason
is because an optical design based on acceptable dimensions would compress the
scale and reduce reading resolution or scale magnification would make viewing of
the scale awkward.
The latter argument applies to very short-range instruments, for example 0-10%. To
make such an instrument with an acceptable comfortable to read, non-obscured
scale, would require a long body. We prefer to stop at the 0-15% design which still
maintains comfortable viewing. Some competitors offer 0-10% models, but we do not
like the optical design.
Some of our competitors offer a 0-95% instrument with three interchangeable scales.
We do not wish to make such an instrument for a number of reasons:
- there are not many applications that require the full scale
- it is a relatively expensive instrument
- it is mechanically more complex and therefore subject to faults
- two standard models are probably a better and cheaper option
Model 45-01 (0-15 Brix)

AVAILABLE

This instrument can be used for testing the

ripeness of fresh fruits such as tomatoes,
grapes etc. by directly squeezing the juice
onto the prism. These instruments are also
popular for testing finished juices and soft
drinks.
Application also extends to non-sugarcontaining fluids. Coolant/cutting-oil fluids can
also be measured using this instrument. The
industry has adopted the Brix scale as an
empirical measure of oil content for
convenience.

10

Model 45-02 (0-30 Brix)

AVAILABLE

This is the most popular Brix measuring range. It

covers a wide range of fruits, juices and purees and
raw sugar juices. It can also be used for some milk
products with varying degrees of success (some
emulsion products can give poor repeatability).

Note some competitors (e.g. Atago) offer a 0-32Brix

model. Our standard 0-30 instrument will satisfy most
applications. Occasionally a customer will insist on the
extension to 32. We can offer such a model (45-07) but
it is based on our 0-30 optical design. The extension to
the scale means there is a slight reduction in the zero
adjustment although this is unlikely to cause a problem.

AVAILABLE

Model 45-03 (0-50 Brix)

Similar to the 45-02 but extended (lower resolution)
scale. This covers fruit concentrates such as
orange, certain cordials and syrups and purees
such as tomato, which has a typical Brix of about
35. It is also ideal for the measurement of colostral
(mares milk)
Model 45-08 (28-65 Brix)
and Model 45-05 (45-80 Brix)
These two instruments extend into the high sugar-containing products: syrups, malts,
fondants, jams and marmalades and a wide variety of confectionery products.
Special calibration fluids (accurate sugar solutions) or solid test plates (see Appendix
4) are needed to re-set the calibration because water is off-scale.

AVAILABLE

11

AVAILABLE

Model 45-06 (75-93 Brix)

This mode covers the top end of the sugar scale and is
used mainly for confectionery products, typically
fondants and toffee type materials. A special fluid is
needed to re-set the calibration. 75 Brix is beyond the
saturation points of sugar solutions and so an oil should
be used with suitable RI (Brix equivalent). This can be
problematic because of dispersion. Ideally, a sodium
lamp should be used to sharpen the borderline. An
alternative is solid test plate 72-207 (see Appendix 4)

Temperature-Compensated Eclipse
Model 45-91 (0-30 Brix, ATC)

AVAILABLE

This instrument automatically compensates as the

temperature changes.
These models are no longer available. Please select an
e-line or OPTi model.

12

Water in Honey
Model 45-27 (10-30 % Water in Honey)
The application is specific to controlling the quality of fresh honeys. Many instruments
are sold to bee-keeping associations or specialist suppliers. As with the 45-06 model,
re-calibration may be a problem because a standard within the RI 1.48 to 1.51 range
is needed: oil or possibly a test plate (see Appendix 4). For percent water in honey
temperature correction table (see Appendix 7).

AVAILABLE

Wine & Ciders ABV determination

Refractometers are used in the wine industry for two purposes: to measure the sugar
content of grape juice to determine payment to growers and to measure
approximately the alcohol content of the wine. Brix scaled instruments (45-01, 4502) can be used to assess grape juices. Traditionally a number of special scales
have been devised for the alcohol/fermentation process. They are empirical scales
that are useful to wine/brewing applications only. Different countries tend to adopt
different scales. B+S offers five standard Eclipse models for wine application.
AVAILABLE

Model 45-22 (Zeiss, 10-135) widespread use, also

popular in beer making

The Zeiss scale is a linear scale that corresponds to

0-21 Brix. The instrument is popular with wine and
cider makers and trading standards organisations.
When used with a hydrometer, the combined result
can yield alcohol by volume to within 0.5% - a quick
estimate of ABV. This instrument is also used to
monitor fermentation of Champaign style wines.

13

ABV Kit
Consisting of:

Eclipse Wine (%ABV) refractometer with a Zeiss Scale (Code 45-22)

Hydrometer (Code 44-839)
Hydrometer Jar (Code 44-838)

Measurement method:
1. Siphon off enough of the finished sample to fill the hydrometer jar to
the required level and leave all the equipment with it in a place free
from draughts and direct sunlight for a least an hour to attain room
temperature.
2. Measure the S.G. as accurately as possible and record
3. Measure the refractive index of the sample in Zeiss units using the
Eclipse Wine refractometer.
4. The alcohol content in %ABV can be read from a graph or
alternatively, calculated from the R-D value as shown below to obtain
%ABV from a table supplied with the instrument.
R-D = R (Refractometer reading) D (S.G. value)
Where D (S.G. value) = (S.G. 1) x 1000
AVAILABLE

Examples
Light dry table wine
S.G. = 0.993 & Refractometer reading = 37
D (S.G. value) = (0.993 1) x 1000 = -7
R-D = 37 (-7) = 44
Alcohol content = 10.7%v/v
Sweet dessert wine or Sweet Cider
S.G. = 1.015 & Refractometer reading = 72.5
D (S.G. value) = (1.015 1) x 1000 = +15
R-D = 72.5 (+15) = 57.5
Alcohol content = 15.7%v/v

EXTENDED TABLE FOR TWO DECIMAL

PLACE ABV see appendix 8
WEBSITE CALCULATOR NOW AVAILABLE
FOR MOBILE PHONE ACCESS
www.bellinghamandstanley.com/mobile

14

The following table shows the relationship between the various wine scales and the
corresponding RI.
RI
1.33299
1.33442
1.33586
1.33732
1.33879
1.34026
1.34175
1.34325
1.34477
1.34629
1.34782
1.34937
1.35093
1.35250
1.35408
1.35568
1.35729
1.35891
1.36054
1.36219
1.36384
1.36551

Sugar %
(Brix)
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
15.0
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
21.0

Zeiss
14.5
18.2
21.9
25.7
29.6
33.4
37.4
41.3
45.4
49.4
53.5
57.7
62.0
66.2
70.6
75.0
79.4
83.9
88.5
93.1
97.7
102.5

Oechsle Oechsle
(Swiss) (German)
0.1
3.2
3.9
7.0
7.8
10.8
11.8
14.6
15.7
18.5
19.7
22.4
23.7
26.3
27.7
30.3
31.8
34.3
35.9
38.3
40.0
42.4
44.2
46.4
48.4
50.6
52.6
54.7
56.8
58.9
61.1
63.1
65.4
67.4
69.8
71.6
74.1
75.9
78.5
80.3
83.0
84.6
87.4
89.0

Baum
0.0
0.6
1.1
1.7
2.2
2.8
3.3
3.9
4.5
5.0
5.6
6.1
6.7
7.2
7.8
8.3
8.9
9.4
10.0
10.5
11.1
11.6

% Probable
Alcohol

0.0
0.6
1.2
1.8
2.4
3.0
3.7
4.3
4.9
5.5
6.2
6.8
7.4
8.1
8.7
9.4
10.1
10.7
11.4
12.1

AVAILABLE

Starch
Model 45-26 (0-30 %)
This instrument can be used to test starch solutions
in the food industry but also a particular application is
to test starch solutions used for coatings in the paper
industry.
The instrument can be zeroed with distilled water.

15

AVAILABLE

Refractive Index
Model 45-41(1.33 1.42 / resolution 0.001)
This is the fundamental scale from which all other
scales derive. It can, in principle be used for any
application, provided the user knows the relationship
between RI and the parameter in which they are
interested. The scale is used for scientific purposes
and where there is no other convenient scale
available.
N (sometimes n) is the scientific symbol for refractive index and nD denotes RI at the
sodium D line (589.3 nm).
The instrument can be used for a wide range of chemicals and their solutions.
Examples are detergents, flavours and essences. Some customers in the car and
aircraft industries use this model for measuring anti-freeze fluids.
The instrument can be calibrated with water. At 20 C, the RI of water = 1.33299. To
set the instrument at other temperatures, the table in Appendix 1 can be used.
Note B+S used to offer a higher range RI instrument (1.40-1.50), but demand for this was
very small. We do not offer such an instrument in the Eclipse range because of problems with
dispersion. However, as an alternative the 44-829 E-line model which has a range of 1.401.50 R.I. can be considered or the E-line 90 model which also features achromatising prisms,
making it ideal for use with samples that do not have the same dispersion characteristics as
sugars.

Refractive Index
Model 45-66 (1.33 1.42 Aviation / resolution 0.002)
This instrument has been specifically
designed for the aviation industry. The
Eclipse Aviation is used for determining the
concentration of aircraft anti-icing fluids
(glycol & additives) when mixed with water
prior to its application to aircraft wings in
cold weather to prevent ice build up during
take-off. It incorporates a clearly defined
scale for the easy reading of refractive
index, which is then converted using a table
supplied by the fluid manufacturer to
acertain the precise concentration and/or
the freezing point of the mixture. The
Eclipse Aviation has a secure protective
zero cap to ensure that no accidental
adjustments are made to the calibration,
thus ensuring accurate and reliable results
are maintained. However, the calibration
of the refractometer should be periodically
verified using distilled water at 20C.

AVAILABLE

16

Antifreeze/Automotive
Model 45-44 triple scale instrument:
- C protection (ethylene glycol)
- C protection (propylene glycol)
- Battery acid SG

AVAILABLE

This instrument is used to test automotive

coolant fluids and battery acids and is therefore
popular in garages and with car manufacturers.
It is also used by airline companies for testing
de-icing fluids that are used to spray aircraft
wings in cold climates.

Model 45-45 triple scale instrument:

- F protection (ethylene glycol)
- F protection (propylene glycol)
- Battery acid SG

AVAILABLE

This is essentially the same instrument as the

45-44 but with temperatures in degrees
Fahrenheit. This instrument is aimed primarily at
customers in the USA.

Antifreeze/automotive scales - customisation

Antifreeze formulations can differ in composition. Some are based on ethylene
glycol, some on propylene glycol, some on other liquids such as methanol. They are
often not simply two-component mixtures; they may also contain other ingredients
such as anti-oxidants/anti-corrosive agents, colouring agents etc. The scales based
on ethylene glycol or propylene glycol may therefore not always satisfy the needs of
customers. Similarly, some customers do not like to use degrees of protection as
the measured unit. Some prefer to measure a glycol concentration; some prefer to
use the fundamental RI scale and do their own conversions using tables or
equations.
B+S have manufactured a number of special antifreeze/automotive scales for
customers wishing to order reasonable quantities. In some cases the customer has
provided special data based on a particular fluid formulation; in others, data from
literature sources has been used. An example is a scale based on volume %
concentration of glycols, as follows:

17

Model 45-46
Ethylene glycol, propylene glycol 0-60 % vol

AVAILABLE

These scales are based on the relationship between

concentration and RI for simple two-component
mixtures of ethylene or propylene glycol in water.
Applications include the measurement of heat
transfer fluids in air conditioning plants, heat
exchangers, pasteurisers and fluid based radiator
systems, automobile manufacturer cooling system
loading amongst more specialist applications.
Custom versions of this scale maybe available on
request depending on quantity and subject to an
additional setup charge.

Salinity
Sodium Chloride
Model 45-65 (0-28 % weight)
This instrument is used in a number of applications. In the food industry it can be
used to test brines used for canning/packing vegetables and for meat and fish
preservation. It can be used to test brackish waters in de-salination operations. It can
also be used to test the salinity of waters used in aquariums and for fish farming
purposes. It may also be used by some petroleum engineers in the preparation of
brines used for oil well drilling fluids and checking the salinity of production fluids
from reservoirs.
AVAILABLE

Scale data was obtained from the CRC Handbook of Chemistry

and Physics

In principle, other scales can be created for particular inorganic salts, provided data
on RI vs. concentration are available

18

Low volume models

A low volume model implies that a very small volume of liquid can be measured. This
type of instrument is used by botanists and zoologists/entomologists that wish to measure
very small quantities of nectar from plants and insects in the field. The scale used is
usually the Brix scale and B+S offer two standard models of this type:
Model 45-81 (sugar % or Brix 0-50)
Model 45-82 (sugar % or Brix 45-80)
These scales used together tend to cover all the samples likely to be encountered.
The low volume performance of the instrument is achieved by using a special prism flap
which has a precision machined face that enables very close contact with the prism and
hence a very thin film of sample. The slightly higher price of these two models reflects the
additional work needed to make the flap and test the instrument.

Eclipse basic operation

Applying the
sample to the
refractometer

Focussing
the scale
Taking a
reading
Cleaning the
prism

Lift the flap, drip sample onto the prism then lower the flap or use the
dribble feature; drip sample onto the top of the closed flap. The
Eclipse can also be used for testing solid substances (fruits). Cut a
slice of the substance about 2mm thick and slightly smaller than the
prism area. With the flap lifted, apply the slice to the surface of the
prism.
Hold the instrument up to the light and look through the eyepiece.
Rotate the eyepiece to focus the scale.
Read the scale at the border of the light and dark areas. If the scale
is completely light then the sample concentration may be too high for
the instrument range.
Thoroughly clean the prism and flap immediately after use with water
or other suitable solvent and dry with clean tissue. Wiping the prism
surface occasionally with alcohol will remove any build-up of oils left
from the samples.

19

9. E-Line Models
The E-line Automatic Temperature Compensation (ATC) Range of hand held
refractometers offers versatility at a low price. They are ideal for use in many applications
including: fruit, beverage, sugar and industrial applications where concentration
measurements are required.

Code
44-801
44-802
44-803
44-804
44-805
44-812
44-823

Food, Beverage, Sugar &

General Models
Sugar % (Brix) ATC
Sugar % (Brix) ATC
Sugar % (Brix) ATC
Sugar % (Brix) ATC
Sugar % (Brix) ATC

Water in Honey
Wort Specific Gravity (SG)
Sugar % (Brix) ATC
Special Application Models
44-808
Saline o/oo (PPT)
Saline SG
44-820
EG/PG C Protection
EG/PG % vol/vol
44-821
EG/PG C Protection
Battery SG
Windscreen C
44-825
Serum Protein g/100ml
Refractive Index
Urine SG
44-828
Refractive Index ATC
44-829
Refractive Index ATC
44-822
Automotive Adblue
EG/PG C Protection
Wine Applications
44-809
% Mass (Brix)
Alcohol Probable
44-817
% Mass (Brix)
Oechsle D
44-818
% Mass (Brix)
Oechsle
Babo (KMW)
44-819
Baum
Alcohol Probable

Range

Scale Division

Page
No.
21
21
21
21
21

0 10
0 18
0 32
28 62
45 82

0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.5

10 30
1.000 1.120
0-32

0.1
0.0005
0.2

22
23

0 100
1.000 1.070
0 to -50C
0 to 70%
0 to -50C
1.10 to 1.40
0 to -40C
0 12
1.335 1.360
1.000 1.050
1.30 1.38
1.435 1.520
30 35 %
0 to -50C

1.0
0.001
5C
5.0
5C
0.01
5.0C
0.2
0.0005
0.005
0.0001
0.001
0.5
5.0

22

0-40
0-25
0 32
0 140 OeD
0 32
0 140 Oe
0 27
0 20
0 25

0.2
0.2
0.2
1.0
0.2
1.0
0.2
0.2
0.2

23
23

24

24
24
25
22
22
22

23

20

Model 44-801 (0 10 Brix) ATC

This instrument can be used for determining low
concentration of Brix in certain fruits, such as
tomatoes. Applications also extends to non-sugar
based fluids such as coolant, cutting oils and
fire fighting foams

AVAILABLE

AVAILABLE

Model 44-802 (0 18 Brix) ATC

This instrument can be used for determining
concentrations of Brix in a wide variety of fruits,
such as oranges, pears, apples, pears, peaches
and carbonated drinks.

AVAILABLE

Model 44-803 (0 32 Brix) ATC

Similar to the 44-802 but with extended
(lower resolution) scale. This instrument can
be used for determining concentrations of Brix in
a wide variety fruit and general juices.

Model 44-804 (28 62 Brix) ATC

and Model 44-805 (45 82 Brix) ATC
These two instruments extend into the high
sugar-containing products, such as syrups, malts,
fondants, jams and marmalades and a wide
variety of confectionary products.

AVAILABLE

Note
Special calibration fluids (accurate sugar solutions)
or solid test plates are needed to verify the calibration
because water is off-scale.

AVAILABLE

21

Model 44-808 (0 100 ppt/ 1.000 1.070 SG)

This model can be used for seawater
de-salination operations possible on
ships, and again in the oil industry where seawater
is used to prepare drilling fluids. It is also ideal for
amateur aquatic aquariums. It also incorporates
a SG scale specifically designed for seawater.

AVAILABLE

AVAILABLE

Model 44-809 Wine (0 40 Brix/ 0 25% Alcohol Probable)

This instrument is mainly designed to be used within the wine
industry, as it incorporates the very popular 0 40% sugar (Brix)
combined with a 0 25 AP scale. The Brix scale can be used for
the measurement of soluble solids in grape must. Soluble solids
can also be used as an indication to the Probable Alcohol AP
content prior to the fermentation process.

Model 44-812 (10 30 Water in Honey)

This model is specifically designed to controlling
the quality of fresh honey. Being a low cost version
its ideal for the bee keeping industry.

AVAILABLE

AVAILABLE

Model 44-817 Wine (0 32% Mass / 0 -140 OeD)

This model is a dual scaled instrument; 0 32%
Mass (Brix) and 0 140 Oechsle D (Germany).
Ideal for use within the wine industry where the
user needs to measure must (grape juice). This
scale is mainly used in Germany, Luxemburg.

22

Model 44-818 Wine

(0 32% Mass / 0 140 Oe / 0 -27 Babo)
This model again incorporate the Oechsle scale
for must measurements. The Babo scale is also
used for determining the sugar content of grape
must and is used mainly in Austria.

AVAILABLE

AVAILABLE

Model 44-819 Wine (0 20 Baum / 0 25 AP)

This model is again designed to be used within the
wine industry. The Baum scale is another alternative to
using the Brix scale in the wine industry for the
measurement of soluble solids in grape must. Soluble
solids can also be used as an indication to the Probable
Alcohol AP content prior to the fermentation process.
The Baum scale is mainly used in France and Spain.

Model 44-820 (0 to -50C / 0 70% Vol.)

This instrument is ideal for the measurement
in % Vol. of antifreeze (Ethylene & Propylene
Glycol)
needed in industrial heat exchanges, pasteurisers,
and heat flow systems.

AVAILABLE

AVAILABLE

Model 44-821 Automotive

(0 to -50C / 1.10 1.40 Kg/L / 0 to 40C SRF1)
Ideal for use within the automotive industry as it
incorporates three scale 1.10 to 1.40 battery acid S.G.
Ethylene/propylene glycol 0 to -50C freezing point and
SRF1 screen wash 0 to -40C.

23

AVAILABLE

Model 44-823 Wort

(1.000 1.120 SG / 0 32 Brix/Plato)
Brewers use this model to measure the concentration of
Wort (beer) contained the Mash Tun (vessel) prior to
fermentation. Typically a hydrometer is used (density in
SG) but refractometers are often preferred as they are
easier to use. The SG scale is based on pure sucrose
and , as beer recipes are likely to have been formulated
using a hydrometer, it may be necessary to apply a
small offset for each beer type to negate the effects of
other ingredients in the Wort that are not pure sugar.

AVAILABLE

Model 44-825 (0 12 wt g/100ml / 1.335 1.360 R.I. /

1.000 1.050 SG)
The instrument is mainly used by veterinarians for testing
blood and urine. It measures directly in terms of
Urine SG, refractive index and serum protein.
Refractometers are widely used for VET applications, as
sample volume and supply can be difficult to obtain.

AVAILABLE

Model 44-828 (1.3 1.38 R.I.)

This instrument can be used for any application,
providing the user knows the relationship between
refractive index and the parameter in which they
are interested in. The scale is used for scientific
purposes and where there is no other convenient
scale available. Its primary designed to measure
samples with low concentrations, such as
detergents, screen wash and certain chemicals.

24

Model 44-829 (1.4 1.5 R.I.)

Similar to the 44-828 but designed to measure
samples with higher concentrations, such as
flavours, essences and chemicals. Can be
very useful where the application requires
on the spot checks in chemical processing
plants.

AVAILABLE

10. E-Line Adblue Models

In an effort to reduce environmental pollution, the European Union has established certain
regulation about emissions from heavy and light goods vehicles. One method adopted by
vehicle manufacturers to allow compliance is SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction), which
chemically reduces NOx emissions using a urea fuel additive.
Adblue is one such additive that is stored as a concentration in a separate tank to the
fuel prior to mixing. In order to maintain efficiency and to be sure that systems are not
compromised, it is essential that the concentration is accurately maintained. Measuring
devices such as refractometers and hydrometers may perform such checks.
Portable Devices Hydrometer:
A hydrometer is a scaled device that measures the specific gravity of a liquid, which in
turn is proportional to concentration. The Adblue hydrometer is low cost and offers
excellent accuracy for measurements in the field.
Operation: Sufficient sample is syphoned from the tank using
integral suction pump. Concentration is
subsequently checked against the point
where the hydrometer crosses two
calibrated target marks.

AVAILABLE

Portable Devices Optical

Refractometer
A refractometer measures the refractive
index of a liquid and requires a much
smaller sample then a hydrometer and
being manufactured from alloy, they are
considerably robust for use in the field.
Operation:
Apply a drop of sample to the prism, look
through the eyepiece and take a
measurement from the scale.
Model 44-822 Automotive - Adblue
(Adblue 30-35%/EG/PG Protection 0 to -50C)

25

E-line ATC basic operation

Applying the
sample to the
refractometer
Focussing
the scale
Taking a
reading
Cleaning the
prism

44-881

Lift the flap, drip sample onto the prism then lower the flap. The ELine can also be used for testing solid substances (fruits). Cut a slice
of the substance about 2mm thick and slightly smaller than the prism
area. With the flap lifted, apply the slice to the surface of the prism.
Hold the instrument up to the light and look through the eyepiece.
Rotate the eyepiece to focus the scale.
Read the scale at the border of the light and dark areas. If the scale
is completely light then the sample concentration may be too high for
the instrument range.
Thoroughly clean the prism and flap immediately after use with water
or other suitable solvent and dry with clean tissue. Wiping the prism
surface occasionally with alcohol will remove any build-up of oils left
from the samples.
Spare illuminator flaps with collar for ATC E-Line models (pack of 5)

11. E-Line 80 Model

The E-line 80 is a dual scale Brix refractometer ideal for
use in the food industry and other applications requiring
concentration measurements over a wide measuring
range.
The instrument is of all medal construction with range
selection being made by a simple rotary control on the
instrument barrel. The E-line 80 is calibrated to read
accurately at 20C. Readings can be taken at any other
temperature by applying a correction factor or by
adjusting the zero calibration screw to offset the effects
of temperature comparing to the reading of water.
Code
44-807

Food, Beverage, Sugar & General

Models
Sugar % (Brix)
Scale 1: 0 50 Brix
Scale 2: 50 80 Brix

Select
correct range

Applying the
sample to the
refractometer
Focussing
the scale
Taking a
reading
Cleaning the
prism

AVAILABLE

Range

Scale Division

0 80

1.0

Depending on the concentration of the sample, select the range of

measurement by adjusting the scale selection control. If the
concentration is unknown, apply the sample and step through the ranges
until a clear borderline is found.
Lift the illuminating prism and apply the sample to the measuring prism.
Hold the instrument up to the light and look through the eyepiece. Rotate
the eyepiece to focus the scale.
Read the scale at the border of the light and dark areas.
For dark samples, adjust the cover plate to allow more light to enter
the prism.
Thoroughly clean the prism after use with water or other suitable solvents
and dry with clean tissue. The prism surface could be damaged by strong
alkalis or acids if left in contact for long periods of time.
26

12. OPTi Digital Range

Bellingham + Stanley OPTi digital hand held
refractometers are manufactured in the UK as
highly reliable premium quality instruments
suitable for use in the harshest of
environments across a wide application scope.
OPTi refractometers are constructed using the latest manufacturing
techniques including stainless steel injection moulding to construct
the easy clean prism dish, ultrasonic welding to bond the housings
and a rubberized switch membrane to further protect moisture ingress
and excess wear.
The OPTi refractometer may be used to control the dissolved solids or blend ratios of
numerous products from fresh fruit to industrial chemicals.
Unique Selling Points
UK design & manufacture using the latest techniques
316 stainless steel shallow sample dish for easy cleaning
Ultrasonically welded ABS case providing dust and moisture ingress
protection to IP65
Extensive range of scale types for use in a wide variety of applications
Single & Dual (Duo) scale model types inherent to the design clear scale
indicator & simple button press unlike scrolling text used by some
competitors!
4 digit LCD display providing complete readout of extended text scales
like Specific Gravity & Refractive Index no scrolling displays like those used
by some Japanese manufacturers!
Compact design with the lowest profile on the market1 much more
pleasant to carry in your pocket!
Water ZERO calibration on all models no need for expensive sucrose
solutions even for high range models
Certificate of Calibration supplied with all new OPTi refractometers showing
the actual results of the traceable2 UKAS Certified Reference Materials used
to test.
Fixed price re-certification service available
OPTi Custom able to create specific scales not currently included in the
range
Footnotes
1
Depth excludes Pen-Type models
2
Traceability Pack as optional extra copy certificates of UKAS CRMs used during re-certification

27

Dual Scale Models

Having two pre-programmed model specific scales, OPTi Duo refractometers offer
versatility in applications where a second product type is commonly measured such
as diesel exhaust fluid (Adblue) and antifreeze within the automotive service
industry or in viniculture, where a regional unit must be supported by an
internationally recognised scale.
Further application specific OPTi Duo refractometers are listed on our website.

OPTi Common Specifications

Measurement Performance
Automatic Temperature
Compensation (ATC)

ICUMSA, None or application Specific (model dependant)

Working temperature range

540C

Sample temperature range

5-90C

Temperature sensor accuracy

1C (540C)

Measurement time

2 seconds

Relative humidity

95% RH (non condensing)

Battery power indicator

Yes

Sample indicator

High, Low or No sample

IP rating

IP65 water resistant

Battery type

3V 2 x AAA (LR03)

Battery life expectation

10000 readings (minimum)

Physical Performance
Prism material

Optical glass

Prism seal

Silicon rubber and Viton

Sample dish

316 stainless steel

Sample surface diameter

8mm

Sample volume

0.3ml

Case material

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS)

28

Contents & Warranty

Supply content

User manuals1(English, French, German, Spanish, Italian & BrazilianPortuguese), Certificate of Calibration & soft black protective case

Warranty (limited)

12-months

Shipping Information
Dimensions (unpacked)

12.0 x 5.5 x 3.5cm (L/W/H)

Dimensions (packed)

19.0 x 9.0 x 5.0cm (L/W/H)

Weight (unpacked)

0.1kg

Weight (packed) DIN

0.2kg

Dimensions 10 units (packed)

31.0 x 19.0 x 20.5cm (L/W/H)

Weight 10 units (packed) DIN

2.5kg

Commodity code

90275000

Service
OPTi Service

OPTi refractometers are manufactured as sealed units in order

to offer supreme ingress protection. As such, there are NO user
or distributor serviceable parts

OPTi Custom
OPTi Scale Creation

In the event that a particular scale or scale combination is not

currently available from the published OPTi model list or if a
unique customer scale is required, contact our Sales Team to
request an OPTi Custom model.
If the scale data is available from either the customer or in the
public domain, it will take no more than 5-days to produce and
validate a new OPTi model specific to the request.
If no data is available, but samples of known and accurate
concentration can be supplied, then a lab experiment at B+S will
facilitate a new scale in no more than 14-days. (All subject to
scale data fit to refractive index)

Instrument overview
Prism dish

Prism surface
LCD display

Battery
Compartment cover
Model/scale
Identification
label

ZERO key
READ key

Battery indicator
Scale identifiers
OPTi Duo models only

29

Basic Operation
Installing batteries
Remove the battery compartment cover by turning the two retaining screws in an
anti-clockwise direction. Before inserting the batteries check that the compartment is
clean and dry, and hat he cover seal is in good order. Insert the batteries, ensuring
that the battery polarity is correct. Replace the cover by turning the two retaining
screws clockwise direction whilst the cover is in position.
It is recommended that alkaline batteries are used to reduce the frequency of the
battery changes
The battery indicator will show the current state of the batteries. When the indicator
shows empty replace the batteries never leave exhausted batteries in the
refractometer.
Turning on and off
To turn the instrument on press READ. The instrument will automatically turn off if no
buttons have been pressed for 60 seconds alternatively press and hold READ for 3
seconds to switch the instrument off.
Taking a reading
Before taking a reading clean the prism surface thoroughly using a suitable solvent,
e.g. water or methyl alcohol depending on the sample being measured.
Fill the prism dish with the sample.
Press the READ key, the display will clear
A few seconds later the reading will be displayed. OPTi Duo models will also indicate
the selected measurement scale on the display. After a measurement has been
taken the sample should be removed and the prism cleaned.
Zero calibration
Fill the prism dish with distilled water. If the water is not at ambient temperature allow
time for the water to temperate.
Press and hold ZERO for 3 seconds. The display will show
starts. When complete the display will show

as the calibration

Changing the measurement scale OPTi Duo models only

OPTi Duo models have two measurement scales, A and B. The selected scale will be
indicated by an arrow on the display when the instrument is switched on. To change
the scale press and hold ZERO and within 3 seconds press READ.
Displaying the temperature
The OPTi refractometers can display the temperature of the last reading by quickly
pressing and releasing the ZERO key the temperature will then be displayed in
either C or F.

30

Special unique features (USP)

Changing the temperature display
The OPTi refractometers may be configured to display the temperature in either
Celsius (C) or Fahrenheit (F)
1. Press and HOLD the READ until OFF is displayed
2. Quickly release the READ key
3. Press and RELEASE the ZERO key (-AGt- will be displayed see AG
Verification below)
4. Press ZERO
5. -tSc- will be displayed
6. Press READ until the desired temperature scale is selected
7. Press ZERO to select the displayed temperature format
Verifying the instrument using a sucrose solution
The measurement performance of the OPTi refractometers may be verified using a
sucrose solution (weight/weight) of known concentration
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Perform a zero calibration

Select the Brix scale
Fill the prism dish with the sample
Allow sufficient time for temperature stabilisation (typically 10 seconds)
Press READ
The OPTi refractometer may be considered to be performing correctly if the
reading is equal to the concentration of the sucrose solution 0.2 Brix

Verifying the instrument using the AG Test Mode

As an alternative to using a sucrose based solution of limited shelf life, the OPTi
refractometers may be verified using a convenient long life AG fluid. However, as
the AG fluid is not sucrose based, it cannot be corrected for temperature using
ICUMSA (sucrose) compensation, so the OPTi refractometers incorporate a special
Test Mode to facilitate the use of AG fluids as follows:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Perform a zero calibration

Press and HOLD the READ key until OFF is displayed
Quickly release the READ key
Press and RELEASE the ZERO key -AGt- will be displayed (This is the AG
Test Mode)
Press the READ key (-AGt- flashes)
Fill the prism dish with the AG fluid
Allow sufficient time for temperature stabilisation (typically 10 seconds)
Press READ (The instrument will alternate between the result and -AGt- to
indicate that it is in the Test Mode
The OPTi refractometer may be considered to be performing correctly if the
reading is equal to the concentration of the AG fluid 0.2 Brix

31

Error messages
In order to achieve the maximum performance from the OPTi refractometers, it is
essential that care is taken when cleaning the instrument and applying samples to
the prism. Sample concentration may vary considerably from the surface to the
centre of a mass whether in a beaker or on a spoon or spatula. Evaporation will
cause the reading to drift unless care is taken
Measured sample out of range.
Sample either too low or high or of insufficient volume
Temperature too low or high.
Battery too low
Excessive ambient light or insufficient sample
(flashes)

--.-C/F

No recorded temperature

-AGt- / 40.1

AG Test Mode is active

(alternates)

Declaration of Conformity
(According to ISO/IEC 17050-1 & 2 : 2004)
Manufacturers Name:

Bellingham + Stanley Ltd.

Manufacturers Address:

Longfield Road
Tunbridge Wells
Kent TN2 3EY
United Kingdom

declares that the product:

Product Name:

OPTi Digital Refractometer

Model Number:

All

conform to the following technical requirements:

EMC

Emissions
EN 61326-1:2006
AS/NZS CISPR 11
FCC/CFR 47: part 15
Canadian Standard ICES-003:Issue 4

CISPR 11:2003, Class B

CISPR 11:2003, Class B
ANSI C63.4:2003, Class B &
CISPR 22:1997 inc A2:2003

Immunity
EN 61326-1:2006
EN 61326-1:2006

IEC 61000-4-2:1995 inc A2:2001

IEC 61000-4-3:2002 & 2006

Supplementary

The product herewith is designed

to comply with the requirements

32

of the EMC Directive

2004/108/EC

33

Single Scale Models (Low Range)

General Purpose
Code

Type

Scale

Range

Resolution

Accuracy

38-02

Brix 54

Sugar % (Brix)

38-17

RI 1.42 NTC

38-19

ATC

I.D.

0-54

0.1

0.2

Bx

S54t

Refractive Index (RI)

1.33-1.42

0.1

0.2

NONE

Lndn

Brix 54 NTC

Sugar % (Brix)

0-54

0.1

0.2

NONE

S54n

38-20

RI 1.42

Refractive Index (RI)

1.33-1.42

0.0001

0.0003

Bx

Lndt

38-22

Starch 30

Starch %

0-30

0.1

0.2

Bx

St30

38-23

Urea 40

Urea % (CRC data)

0-40

0.1

0.2

AUS32

UrEA

38-25

Seawater SG

Seawater Specific Gravity

1.000-1.090

0.0005

0.001

NaCl

SES9

38-26

Seawater PPT

Seawater PPT (Parts Per Thousand)

0-180

NaCl

SEPt

38-27

Wort SG

Wort Specific Gravity (Sucrose Equivalent)

1.000-1.120

0.0005

0.001

Bx

bEEr

38-28

Saline 28

Salinity % (NaCl)

0-28

0.1

0.2

NaCl

NACL

38-29

Adblue

Urea % (AUS-32)

0-40

0.1

0.2

AUS32

AdbL

Single Scale Models (High Range)

General Purpose
Code

Type

Scale

Range

Resolution

Accuracy

38-04

Jam 75

Sugar % (Brix)

38-05

Hi Brix 95

38-06

ATC

20-75

0.1

0.2

Bx

J75t

Sugar % (Brix)

50-95

0.1

0.2

Bx

H95t

Honey

Water in Honey %

10-30

0.1

0.2

Honey

Hy30

38-07

Hi HFCS 42

42 HFCS

50-95

0.1

0.2

Bx

HF1

38-08

Hi HFCS 55

55 HFCS

50-95

0.1

0.2

Bx

HF2

38-09

Hi HFCS 90

90 HFCS

50-95

0.1

0.2

Bx

HF3

38-16

Hi RI 1.54 NTC

Refractive Index (RI)

1.42-1.54

0.0001

0.0003

NONE

Hndn

38-18

Hi Brix 95 NTC

Sugar % (Brix)

50-95

0.1

0.2

NONE

H95n

38-32

Hi RI 1.54

Refractive Index (RI)

1.42-1.54

0.0001

0.0003

Bx

Hndt

Brix determinations of preserves

34

I.D.

Single Scale Models (Full Range)

General Purpose
Code

Type

Scale

Range

Resolution

Accuracy

38-A1

Brix 95+

Sugar % (Brix)

38-A2

RI 1.54+

38-H1

ATC

I.D.

0-95

0.1

0.2

Bx

S95t

Refractive Index (RI)

1.33-1.54

0.0001

0.0003

Bx

Fndt

HFCS 42+

42 HFCS

0-95

0.1

0.2

Bx

HF4

38-H2

HFCS 55+

55 HFCS

0-95

0.1

0.2

Bx

HF5

38-H3

HFCS 90+

90 HFCS

0-95

0.1

0.2

Bx

HF6

38-B8

Brix 95+ NTC

Sugar % (Brix)

0-95

0.1

0.2

NONE

S95n

38-B9

RI 1.54+ NTC

Refractive Index (RI)

1.33-1.54

0.0001

0.0003

NONE

Fndn

Dual Scale Models (Low Range)

Wine
Code

Type

38-41

Wine AP

38-42

Wine OE-D

38-43

Wine OE-CH

38-44

Wine KMW

38-45

Wine Baume

38-46

Wine Baume/AP

38-47

ABV

A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B

Scale
% Mass w/w
Alcohol Probable (AP)
% Mass w/w
Oechsle (German)
% Mass w/w
Oechsle (Swiss)
% Mass w/w
KMW (Babo)
% Mass w/w
Baum
Baum
Alcohol Probable (AP)
% Mass w/w
ABV (Zeiss)

Range
0-35
0-22
0-35
30-130
0-35
0-130
0-35
0-25
0-35
0-28
0-28
0-22
0-35
10-135

Resolution
0.1
0.1
0.1
1
0.1
1
0.1
1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1

Accuracy
0.2
0.2
0.2
1
0.2
1
0.2
1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.5

ATC
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx

Range
10-135
1.000-1.120
10-135
0-30
0-54
0-60

Resolution
0.1
0.0005
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1

Accuracy
0.5
0.001
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.4

ATC
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
PG

I.D.
AP
OEd
OECH
bAbo
bAUE
bAAP
APU

Brewing
Code

Type

38-48

Brew SG

38-49

Brew

38-75

Dispense

A
B
A
B
A
B

Scale
ABV (Zeiss)
Wort Specific Gravity (Sucrose Equivalent)
ABV (Zeiss)
Plato
Sugar % (Brix)
Propylene Glycol % by volume

35

I.D.
brE1
brE2
brE3

Life Science
Code

Type

38-51

Aquatic

38-52

Sport

38-53

Vet

38-54

Bx/Saline

38-56

Colostral

A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B

Scale
Seawater PPT (Parts Per Thousand)
Seawater Specific Gravity (SG)
Urine Specific Gravity (SG) Human (not IVD)
Sugar % (Brix)
Urine Specific Gravity (SG) Small Mammal
Urine Specific Gravity (SG) Large Mammal
Sugar % (Brix)
Salinity % (NaCl)
Sugar % (Brix)
Colostral Quality

Range
0-180
1.000-1.070
1.000-1.050
0-30
1.000-1.050
1.000-1.050
0-54
0-28
0-35
Poor / -PASS

Resolution
1
0.0005
0.0005
0.1
0.0005
0.0001
0.1
0.1
0.1

Accuracy
1
0.0010
0.0010
0.2
0.0010
0.0010
0.2
0.2
0.2

PASS / Good

ATC
NaCl
NaCl
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
NaCl
Bx
Bx

I.D.
LSc1
LSc2
LSc3
LSc4
LSc5

General Purpose
Code

Type

38-31

General Purpose C1

38-37

Chemical C2

38-38

Chemical C3

A
B
A
B
A
B

Scale
Sugar % (Brix)
Refractive Index (RI) ATC
Refractive Index (RI)
Temp C (no ATC)
Sugar % (Brix)
Refractive Index (RI)

Range
0-54
1.33-1.42
1.33-1.42
5-40C
20-70
1.36-1.47

Resolution
0.1
0.0001
0.0001
0.1
0.1
0.0001

Accuracy
0.2
0.0003
0.0003
1
0.2
0.0003

ATC
Bx
Bx
NONE
N/A
Bx
Bx

Range
0-60
0 to -50
0-60
0 to -50
0-60
0-60
30 to -40
0-60
0-60
30 to -40
0-18
1.33-1.38

Resolution
0.1
1
0.1
1
0.1
0.1
1
0.1
0.1
1
0.1
0.0001

Accuracy
0.4
1
0.4
1
0.4
0.4
1
0.4
0.4
1
0.2
0.0003

ATC
PG
PG
EG
EG
EG
PG
PG
PG
EG
EG
Bx
Bx

I.D.
9PC1
9PC2
9PC3

Heat Transfer Liquids

Code

Type

38-70

Heat Transfer PG/C

38-71

Heat Transfer EG/C

38-72

Heat Transfer EG/PG

38-73

Heat Transfer PG/F

38-74

Heat Transfer EG/F

38-81

Coolant

A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B

Scale
Propylene Glycol % by volume
Propylene Glycol C Protection
Ethylene Glycol % by volume
Ethylene Glycol C Protection
Ethylene Glycol % by volume
Propylene Glycol % by volume
Propylene Glycol F Protection
Propylene Glycol % by volume
Ethylene Glycol % by volume
Ethylene Glycol F Protection
Sugar % (Brix)
Refractive Index (RI)

Industrial coolant for on-thespot measurements

36

I.D.
HtL1
HtL2
HtL3
HtL4
HtL5
HtL6

Automotive
Code

Type

38-61

Auto A1

38-62

Auto A2

38-63

Auto A3

38-65

Auto A4 DEF/C-EG

38-66

Auto A5 DEF/F-EG

38-67

Auto Antifreeze C

38-68

Auto Antifreeze F

A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B

Scale
Sugar % (Brix)
Ethylene Glycol C Protection
Sugar % (Brix)
DEF Adblue
Sugar % (Brix)
Propylene Glycol C Protection
DEF Adblue
Ethylene Glycol C Protection
DEF Adblue
Ethylene Glycol F Protection
Ethylene Glycol C Protection
Propylene Glycol C Protection
Ethylene Glycol F Protection
Propylene Glycol F Protection

Range
0-54
0 to -50
0-54
0-40
0-54
0 to -50
0-40
0 to -50
0-40
30 to -40
0 to -50
0 to -50
30 to -40
30 to -40

Resolution
0.1
1
0.1
0.1
0.1
1
0.1
1
0.1
1
1
1
1
1

Accuracy
0.2
1
0.2
0.2
0.2
1
0.2
1
0.2
1
1
1
1
1

ATC
Bx
EG
AUS32
AUS32
Bx
PG
AUS32
EG
AUS32
EG
EG
PG
EG
PG

I.D.
AuA1
AuA2
AuA3
AuA4
AuA5
AuA6
AuA7

Heat Transfer Liquids and Automotive ideal for accurately checking the concentration of
certain car fluids

Aviation
Code
38-83

Type
Aviation

A
B

Scale
Refractive Index (RI)
FSII DiEGME ATC

Range
1.33-1.42
0.0 to 0.25

Resolution
0.0001
0.01

Accuracy
0.0003
0.02

ATC
NONE
Bx

I.D.
FS11

Dual Scale Models (High Range)

General Purpose
Code

Type

38-10

Honey/Brix

38-11

Hi HFCS 42/55

38-12

Hi HFCS 55/90

A
B
A
B
A
B

Scale
Water in Honey %
Sugar % (Brix)
42 HFCS
55 HFCS
55 HFCS
90 HFCS

Range
10-30
50-95
50-95
50-95
50-95
50-95

Resolution
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1

Accuracy
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2

ATC
Honey
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx

37

I.D.
HySu
HF7
HF8

Dual Scale Models (Full Range)

General Purpose
Code

Type

38-A3

Brix 95/Honey+

38-B1

Brix 95/RI 1.54+

38-H4

HFCS 42/55+

38-H5

HFCS 55/90+

38-H6

Brix 95/HFCS 42+

38-H7

Brix 95/HFCS 55+

38-H8

Brix 95/HFCS 90+

A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B

Scale
Sugar % (Brix)
Water in Honey %
Sugar % (Brix)
Refractive Index (RI)
42 HFCS
55 HFCS
55 HFCS
90 HFCS
Sugar % (Brix)
42 HFCS
Sugar % (Brix)
55 HFCS
Sugar % (Brix)
90 HFCS

Range
0-95
10-30
0-95
1.33-1.54
0-95
0-95
0-95
0-95
0-95
0-95
0-95
0-95
0-95
0-95

Resolution
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0001
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1

Accuracy
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.0003
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2

ATC
Bx
Honey
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx
Bx

I.D. is used as a model identifier this will be displayed when the

OPTi is initially switched ON
Indicates that the OPTi model incorporates a high or low measuring
range
Indicates that the OPTi model incorporates a FULL measuring
range

Accessories
Code

Description

38-016

OPTi Belt Pouch

38

I.D.
FSHy
FSnd
HF9
HF10
HF11
HF12
HF13

Appendix 1
Refractive Index of Water in air and at 589.3nm over the range 5-75C

Temperature tC
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
40.00
45.00
50.00
55.00
60.00
65.00
70.00
75.00

R.I. of Water at
589.3nm & tC
1.33388
1.33369
1.33338
1.33299
1.33250
1.33194
1.33131
1.33061
1.32985
1.32903
1.32817
1.32725
1.32628
1.32527
1.32421

Data Source:
Refractive index values for Water are obtained from "Revised Formulation for the Refractive Index
of Water and Steam as a Function of Wavelength, Temperature and Density", adopted by the
International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam (IAPWS) and available as part of
NIST Standard Reference Database 101. Refractive indices calculated from the formulation are
absolute refractive indices; conversion to refractive index against air requires division by the
respective absolute refractive index of air (NIST Engineering Metrology Toolbox2).
Refractive indices of air against temperature are determined under the following conditions:
Vacuum Wavelength: 589.3nm
Atmospheric Pressure: 101.325 kPa
Air Humidity: 50 %RH
Abbe Scale Conversions performed using the Abbe Utility Program V4.0 (10-660)

1
2

NIST Standard Reference Database 10, Version 2.21, A.H.Harvey, A.P.Peskin, S.A.Klein
NIST Engineering Metrology Toolbox: Refractive Index of Air Calculator (http://emtoolbox.nist.gov/Wavelength/Abstract.asp)

Appendix 2

45-02
45-07
45-03

S
U
I
T
A
B
L
E

45-06
45-22
45-27
45-81
45-82
45-91

45-26
45-41

45-45
45-46
45-65

H
A
N
D

45-63
45-92
45-93

N/A

10-40

44-801
44-802

44-804
44-805

44-808
44-809
44-812
44-817
44-818
44-819
44-820
44-821
44-825
44-828
44-829
OPTi

H
E
L
D
R
E
F
R
A
C
T
O
M
E
T
E
R
S

45-94
E-Line

44-807

7-15

F
O
R

45-44

44-803

0-85

Colostral
(mares milk)

N
O
T

7-12

Clinical / VET

0-90

Wine grape
must

5-40

Nectars

40-75

Lemonade

0.2

Sucrose
solutions

5-30

Canned fruits

5-25

Fruits
concentrates

11.2

45-08
45-05

Diet drinks

Orange Juice

50-70

Lactic acid
beverage

45-01

513

General
Juices

5-30

Soft Drinks
Syrups

Typical
Brix
Eclipse

Colas / sodas

Model
No.

General Milk
Products

Instrument Selection Guide Beverage/sugars/specific application

Single

38-02

38-02

38-05

38-02

38-02

38-02

38-04

38-02

P. 33

38-02

N/A

P. 33

N/A

Duo

38-31

38-31

38-38

38-31

38-31

38-31

38-38

38-31

P. 35

38-31

N/A

P. 34

P. 35

N/A

+Single

38-A1

38-A1

38-A1

38-A1

38-A1

38-A1

38-A1

38-A1

38-A1

38-A1

N/A

38-A1

N/A

N/A

+Duo

38-B1

38-B1

38-B1

38-B1

38-B1

38-B1

38-B1

38-B1

38-B1

38-B1

N/A

38-B1

N/A

N/A

38-56

The instrument selection guide is for general reference only and may not cover all applications or
circumstances. If unsure about an application, please contact our sales department for further
technical advice and assistance.

40

Appendix 2 (continued)

Tomato
ketchup

Syrups/HFCS

Fondants &
chocolate

Toffee

Honey
(moisture)

Condensed
milk

Brines for
canning

Yeast culture
40-75

Edible
starches

5-20

Jams &
marmalade

30-50

Sugar beet &

cane

5-45

Tomato puree
& pastes

5-20

Apples,
strawberries

Typical
Brix
Eclipse

Analysis of
whole egg

Model
No.

Oranges &
pears

Instrument Selection Guide Food General

5-20

55-75

5-25

15-35

55-75

55-95

55-95

75-95

40-75

5-20

45-01
45-02
45-07
45-03

45-08

45-05

45-06

45-22

45-27
45-81
45-82
45-91
45-26
45-41
45-44
45-45
45-46

45-65
45-63
45-92
45-93
45-94
E-Line
44-801
44-802
44-803

44-804
44-805
44-807

44-808
44-809

44-812
44-817
44-818
44-819
44-820
44-821
44-825
44-828
44-829
OPTi
Single

38-02

38-02

38-02

38-02

38-04

38-02

38-04

38-02

38-02

P. 33

38-05

38-05

38-06

38-04

38-28

Duo

38-31

38-31

38-31

38-31

38-38

38-31

38-38

38-38

38-38

P. 36

N/A

N/A

38-10

N/A

38-54

+Single

38-A1

38-A1

38-A1

38-A1

38-A1

38-A1

38-A1

38-A1

38-A1

P. 34

38-A1

38-A1

N/A

38-A1

N/A

+Duo

38-B1

38-B1

38-B1

38-B1

38-B1

38-B1

38-B1

38-B1

38-B1

P. 37

38-B1

38-B1

38-A3

38-B1

N/A

The instrument selection guide is for general reference only and may not cover all applications or
circumstances. If unsure about an application, please contact our sales department for further
technical advice and assistance.

41

Appendix 2 (continued)

5-25

3-15

3-15

45-01
45-02
45-07

3-18

15-35

45-03

N/A

Fuel systems
Icing inhibitors

3-15

Refractive
index
measurement

5-20

Shampoo

Fire fighting
foam

5-15

Surfactants
detergents &
screen wash

Hydraulic
fluids

5-30

Antifreeze
coolants

15-40

Sodium
chloride
solutions

Beer malts

Wine/cider
alcohol
5-25

Cutting &
quenching oils

38

Seawater
concentrates

5-25

Aquaria/fish
farming

Typical
Brix
Eclipse

Adblue

Model
No.

Starch paper
coating

Instrument Selection Guide - Industrial

3-30

45-08
45-05
45-06

45-22
45-27
45-81
45-82
45-91
45-26

45-41

45-44
45-45
45-46

45-65
45-63

45-92
45-93
45-94
E-Line

44-801
44-802

44-803

44-804
44-805
44-807

44-808

44-809
44-812
44-817
44-818
44-819

44-820
44-821
44-825

44-828
44-829
OPTi
Single

38-22

P. 33

38-02

P. 33

38-28

38-26

38-02

38-20

38-02

38-02

38-02

38-02

38-20

Duo

N/A

P. 36

P. 34

38-31

P. 35

38-54

38-51

38-81

P. 35

38-81

38-81

38-31

38-31

P. 35

38-83
N/A

+Single

N/A

N/A

N/A

38-A1

N/A

N/A

N/A

38-A1

N/A

38-A1

38-A1

38-A1

38-A1

38-A2

N/A

+Duo

N/A

N/A

N/A

38-B1

N/A

N/A

N/A

38-B1

N/A

38-B1

38-B1

38-B1

38-B1

38-B1

N/A

The instrument selection guide is for general reference only and may not cover all applications or
circumstances. If unsure about an application, please contact our sales department for further
technical advice and assistance.

42

Appendix 3
Protective Cases for the Eclipse

All Eclipse Refractometers are supplied with a soft case. Spare cases, or cases for use
with E-line models are available.

The Eclipse is an optical instrument, which needs to be handled with care to maintain it in good
working order.

The distinctive Eclipse logo helps to make it an attractive accessory.

Order details below:

Code
45-97
45-98

Size
Small/Medium
Large

43

Appendix 4
Calibration verification procedure for Hand-Held Refractometers using standard test plates
The calibration of high range hand held refractometers (Eclipse & E-Line models only) can be
verified using any of the standard test plates shown in the table below, together with an appropriate
contact fluid, such as monobromonaphthalene (order code 10-43). Clear, laboratory grade
methylated spirits (methyl alcohol) should be used for removing the test plate and cleaning the
prism.
Test Plate
Silica
Glass

Code No.
72-200
72-207

R.I. @ 20
1.45839
1.48760

Brix @ 20C
67.1
78.8
(19.6% W/H)

Please read this procedure before commencing

Applying the test plate
Clean the polished surfaces of the test plate and the refractometer prism ensuring that there are no
dust specks or finger marks present. These surfaces must be clean to obtain a good contact; this
will also protect the prism from damage.
It is important to use the correct amount of contact liquid. There should be just sufficient to cover
the interface, but the liquid should not spread beyond the test piece edges. The correct amount
can only be found with experience.
To check the test piece is applied correctly, see that it does not rock. If it does, remove the test
piece and clean off the contact liquid; then re-apply as above. To remove a test piece from the
prism, apply an alcohol-based solvent liberally around the test piece and allow it to float off of the
prism surface with the minimum of sliding.
Take the reading
Hold the refractometer horizontally, towards a light source*. The test plate should be applied a
number of times to ensure that the correct reading is consistently obtained.

*The light source

can be either natural
light or electric light

44

The calibration of low range Brix/R.I. hand held refractometers can be verified by using a suitable
sucrose solution (see table 1 below). Sucrose solutions are an extremely easy to use medium for
verifying and calibrating refractometers measuring directly in the Brix or Refractive Index (R.I.)
scales.
Sucrose solutions are manufactured on a %weight/weight basis and are calibrated in accordance
with EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005. A number of concentrations are available up to a maximum of 60
Brix, all traceable to NIST and ICUMSA and are supplied with a Certificate of Calibration.

Table 1
Sucrose Standards

Description
Refractive Index Standard (Sucrose)
Refractive Index Standard (Sucrose)
Refractive Index Standard (Sucrose)
Refractive Index Standard (Sucrose)
Refractive Index Standard (Sucrose)
Refractive Index Standard (Sucrose)
Refractive Index Standard (Sucrose)
Refractive Index Standard (Sucrose)
Refractive Index Standard (Sucrose)
Refractive Index Standard (Sucrose)
Refractive Index Standard (Sucrose)
Refractive Index Standard (Sucrose)
Refractive Index Standard (Sucrose)
Refractive Index Standard (Sucrose)
Refractive Index Standard (Sucrose)
Refractive Index Standard (Sucrose)
Refractive Index Standard (Sucrose)
Refractive Index Standard (Sucrose)

Value
(Brix) @ 20C
0.0
5.0
7.5
10.0
11.2
11.5
12.0
12.5
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
50.0
55.0
60.0

Value
(R.I.) @ 20C
1.33299
1.34026
1.34401
1.34782
1.34968
1.35015
1.35093
1.35171
1.35568
1.36384
1.37233
1.38115
1.39032
1.39986
1.40978
1.42009
1.43080
1.44193

Order Code
15ml
SS00
SS05
SS075
SS10
SS112
SS115
SS12
SS125
SS15
SS20
SS25
SS30
SS35
SS40
SS45
SS50
SS55
SS60

Table 2
Calibration Oils

Description
Calibration Oil
Calibration Oil
Calibration Oil

Value
(Brix) @ 20C
72.15
91.74
N/A

Value
(R.I.) @ 20C
1.47071
1.52256
1.56138

Order Code
5 x 5ml
90-525
90-530
90-535

Note: The actual R.I./Brix values may vary with different batch numbers, therefore always refer to
the Calibration Certificate that accompanies them. 90-535 calibration oil is not suitable for hand
helds

45

Appendix 5
Temperature Correction Table
This table gives mass fraction corrections to refractometric tables for sucrose solutions at 589nm
for temperature different from 20C. Taken from ICUMSA, Appendix 2, SPS-3 (1998) page 8.

Temp.
(C)

Measured Sucrose Brix (Mass Fraction)

0

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

15

-0.29 -0.30 -0.32 -0.33 -0.34 -0.35 -0.36 -0.37 -0.37 -0.38 -0.38 -0.38 -0.38 -0.38 -0.38 -0.38 -0.37 -0.37

16

-0.24 -0.25 -0.26 -0.27 -0.28 -0.28 -0.29 -0.30 -0.30 -0.30 -0.31 -0.31 -0.31 -0.31 -0.31 -0.30 -0.30 -0.30

17

-0.18 -0.19 -0.20 -0.20 -0.21 -0.21 -0.22 -0.22 -0.23 -0.23 -0.23 -0.23 -0.23 -0.23 -0.23 -0.23 -0.23 -0.22

18

-0.12 -0.13 -0.13 -0.14 -0.14 -0.14 -0.15 -0.15 -0.15 -0.15 -0.15 -0.15 -0.15 -0.15 -0.15 -0.15 -0.15 -0.15

19

-0.06 -0.06 -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 -0.08 -0.08 -0.08 -0.08 -0.08 -0.08 -0.08 -0.08 -0.08 -0.08 -0.07

20

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

21

0.06

0.07

0.07

0.07

0.07

0.07

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.07

22

0.13

0.14

0.14

0.14

0.15

0.15

0.15

0.15

0.16

0.16

0.16

0.16

0.16

0.16

0.15

0.15

0.15

0.15

23

0.20

0.21

0.21

0.22

0.22

0.23

0.23

0.23

0.23

0.24

0.24

0.24

0.24

0.23

0.23

0.23

0.23

0.22

24

0.27

0.28

0.29

0.29

0.30

0.30

0.31

0.31

0.31

0.32

0.32

0.32

0.32

0.31

0.31

0.31

0.30

0.30

25

0.34

0.35

0.36

0.37

0.38

0.38

0.39

0.39

0.40

0.40

0.40

0.40

0.40

0.39

0.39

0.38

0.38

0.37

26

0.42

0.43

0.44

0.45

0.46

0.46

0.47

0.47

0.48

0.48

0.48

0.48

0.48

0.47

0.47

0.46

0.46

0.45

27

0.50

0.51

0.52

0.53

0.54

0.55

0.55

0.56

0.56

0.56

0.56

0.56

0.56

0.55

0.55

0.54

0.53

0.52

28

0.58

0.59

0.60

0.61

0.62

0.63

0.64

0.64

0.64

0.65

0.65

0.64

0.64

0.63

0.63

0.62

0.61

0.60

29

0.66

0.67

0.68

0.70

0.71

0.71

0.72

0.73

0.73

0.73

0.73

0.73

0.72

0.72

0.71

0.70

0.69

0.67

30

0.74

0.76

0.77

0.78

0.79

0.80

0.81

0.81

0.82

0.82

0.81

0.81

0.80

0.80

0.79

0.78

0.76

0.75

31

0.83

0.84

0.85

0.87

0.88

0.89

0.89

0.90

0.90

0.90

0.90

0.89

0.89

0.88

0.87

0.86

0.84

0.82

32

0.92

0.93

0.94

0.96

0.97

0.98

0.98

0.99

0.99

0.99

0.99

0.98

0.97

0.96

0.95

0.93

0.92

0.90

33

1.01

1.02

1.03

1.05

1.06

1.07

1.07

1.08

1.08

1.08

1.07

1.07

1.06

1.04

1.03

1.01

1.00

0.98

34

1.10

1.11

1.13

1.14

1.15

1.16

1.16

1.17

1.17

1.16

1.16

1.15

1.14

1.13

1.11

1.09

1.07

1.05

35

1.19

1.21

1.22

1.23

1.24

1.25

1.25

1.26

1.26

1.25

1.25

1.24

1.23

1.21

1.19

1.17

1.15

1.13

36

1.29

1.30

1.31

1.33

1.34

1.34

1.35

1.35

1.35

1.34

1.34

1.33

1.31

1.29

1.28

1.25

1.23

1.20

37

1.39

1.40

1.41

1.42

1.43

1.44

1.44

1.44

1.44

1.43

1.43

1.41

1.40

1.38

1.36

1.33

1.31

1.28

38

1.49

1.50

1.51

1.52

1.53

1.53

1.54

1.54

1.53

1.53

1.52

1.50

1.48

1.46

1.44

1.42

1.39

1.36

39

1.59

1.60

1.61

1.62

1.63

1.63

1.63

1.63

1.63

1.62

1.61

1.59

1.57

1.55

1.52

1.50

1.47

1.43

40

1.69

1.70

1.71

1.72

1.73

1.73

1.73

1.73

1.72

1.71

1.70

1.68

1.66

1.63

1.61

1.58

1.54

1.51

46

Appendix 6
Brix to Refractive Index Conversion Table
The table below can be used to convert Brix readings taken from the instrument scale into
refractive index.

Brix
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29

Refractive
Index at
589.3nm and
20.0C
1.33299
1.33442
1.33586
1.33732
1.33879
1.34026
1.34175
1.34325
1.34477
1.34629
1.34782
1.34937
1.35093
1.35250
1.35408
1.35568
1.35729
1.35891
1.36054
1.36218
1.36384
1.36551
1.36720
1.36889
1.37060
1.37233
1.37406
1.37582
1.37758
1.37936

Brix

Refractive Index
at 589.3nm and
20.0C

30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59

1.38115
1.38296
1.38478
1.38661
1.38846
1.39032
1.39220
1.39409
1.39600
1.39792
1.39986
1.40181
1.40378
1.40576
1.40776
1.40978
1.41181
1.41385
1.41592
1.41799
1.42009
1.42220
1.42432
1.42647
1.42862
1.43080
1.43299
1.43520
1.43743
1.43967

Brix

Refractive Index
at 589.3nm and
20.0C

60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80

1.44193
1.44420
1.44650
1.44881
1.45113
1.45348
1.45584
1.45822
1.46061
1.46303
1.46546
1.46790
1.47037
1.47285
1.47535
1.47787
1.48040
1.48295
1.48552
1.48811
1.49071

Data Source: ICUMSA Methods Book, Specification and Standard SPS-3 (2000), Refractometry
and Tables - (Official)

47

Appendix 7
% Water in Honey Temperature Correction for 45-27 Eclipse hand held refractometer
Refractive Index is temperature dependant. It is necessary therefore to make corrections for
measurements taken at temperatures other than the reference temperature (20C). For correcting
measurements of Water in Honey the following table may be used. Note that the table shows two
decimal places in order that the value may be rounded up or down accordingly.
Take a reading in accordance with the instruction manual supplied with the instrument.
Correct the scale reading by the correction value obtained from table below. For example, a
sample is measured at 25C and gives a value from the refractometer of 15% Water in Honey.
By using the table below, the corrected reading is: 15 + (-0.44) = 14.56.
Clean the prism with water and soft cloth after each use.
Temperature / C

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

10

0.87 0.88

0.88

0.89

0.89

0.90

0.90

0.90

0.91

0.91

0.92

0.92

0.93

0.93

0.94

0.94

0.95

0.95

0.96

0.96

0.97

11

0.78 0.79

0.79

0.80

0.80

0.81

0.81

0.81

0.82

0.82

0.83

0.83

0.83

0.84

0.84

0.85

0.85

0.86

0.86

0.86

0.87

12

0.70 0.70

0.70

0.71

0.71

0.72

0.72

0.72

0.73

0.73

0.73

0.74

0.74

0.75

0.75

0.75

0.76

0.76

0.76

0.77

0.77

13

0.61 0.61

0.62

0.62

0.62

0.63

0.63

0.63

0.64

0.64

0.64

0.65

0.65

0.65

0.66

0.66

0.66

0.67

0.67

0.67

0.68

14

0.52 0.53

0.53

0.53

0.53

0.54

0.54

0.54

0.55

0.55

0.55

0.55

0.56

0.56

0.56

0.56

0.57

0.57

0.57

0.58

0.58

15

0.44 0.44

0.44

0.44

0.45

0.45

0.45

0.45

0.45

0.46

0.46

0.46

0.46

0.47

0.47

0.47

0.47

0.48

0.48

0.48

0.48

16

0.35 0.35

0.35

0.35

0.36

0.36

0.36

0.36

0.36

0.37

0.37

0.37

0.37

0.37

0.37

0.38

0.38

0.38

0.38

0.38

0.39

17

0.26 0.26

0.26

0.27

0.27

0.27

0.27

0.27

0.27

0.27

0.28

0.28

0.28

0.28

0.28

0.28

0.28

0.29

0.29

0.29

0.29

18

0.18 0.18

0.18

0.18

0.18

0.18

0.18

0.18

0.18

0.18

0.18

0.18

0.19

0.19

0.19

0.19

0.19

0.19

0.19

0.19

0.19

19

0.09 0.09

0.09

0.09

0.09

0.09

0.09

0.09

0.09

0.09

0.09

0.09

0.09

0.09

0.09

0.09

0.09

0.10

0.10

0.10

0.10

20

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

21

-0.09 -0.09

-0.09

-0.09

-0.09

-0.09

-0.09

-0.09

-0.09

-0.09

-0.09

-0.09

-0.09

-0.09

-0.09

-0.09

-0.09

-0.09

-0.09

-0.09

-0.09

22

-0.17 -0.17

-0.17

-0.17

-0.18

-0.18

-0.18

-0.18

-0.18

-0.18

-0.18

-0.18

-0.18

-0.19

-0.19

-0.19

-0.19

-0.19

-0.19

-0.19

-0.19

23

-0.26 -0.26

-0.26

-0.26

-0.26

-0.27

-0.27

-0.27

-0.27

-0.27

-0.27

-0.28

-0.28

-0.28

-0.28

-0.28

-0.28

-0.28

-0.28

-0.29

-0.29

24

-0.34 -0.35

-0.35

-0.35

-0.35

-0.36

-0.36

-0.36

-0.36

-0.36

-0.37

-0.37

-0.37

-0.37

-0.37

-0.37

-0.38

-0.38

-0.38

-0.38

-0.38

25

-0.43 -0.43

-0.44

-0.44

-0.44

-0.44

-0.45

-0.45

-0.45

-0.45

-0.46

-0.46

-0.46

-0.46

-0.47

-0.47

-0.47

-0.47

-0.47

-0.48

-0.48

26

-0.52 -0.52

-0.52

-0.53

-0.53

-0.53

-0.54

-0.54

-0.54

-0.54

-0.55

-0.55

-0.55

-0.56

-0.56

-0.56

-0.56

-0.57

-0.57

-0.57

-0.57

27

-0.60 -0.61

-0.61

-0.61

-0.62

-0.62

-0.63

-0.63

-0.63

-0.64

-0.64

-0.64

-0.65

-0.65

-0.65

-0.66

-0.66

-0.66

-0.66

-0.67

-0.67

28

-0.69 -0.69

-0.70

-0.70

-0.71

-0.71

-0.71

-0.72

-0.72

-0.73

-0.73

-0.73

-0.74

-0.74

-0.75

-0.75

-0.75

-0.76

-0.76

-0.76

-0.77

29

-0.78 -0.78

-0.79

-0.79

-0.80

-0.80

-0.80

-0.81

-0.81

-0.82

-0.82

-0.83

-0.83

-0.83

-0.84

-0.84

-0.85

-0.85

-0.85

-0.86

-0.86

30

-0.86 -0.87

-0.87

-0.88

-0.88

-0.89

-0.89

-0.90

-0.90

-0.91

-0.91

-0.92

-0.92

-0.93

-0.93

-0.94

-0.94

-0.94

-0.95

-0.95

-0.96

31

-0.95 -0.96

-0.96

-0.97

-0.97

-0.98

-0.98

-0.99

-0.99

-1.00

-1.00

-1.01

-1.01

-1.02

-1.02

-1.03

-1.03

-1.04

-1.04

-1.05

-1.05

32

-1.04 -1.04

-1.05

-1.05

-1.06

-1.07

-1.07

-1.08

-1.08

-1.09

-1.09

-1.10

-1.11

-1.11

-1.12

-1.12

-1.13

-1.13

-1.14

-1.14

-1.15

33

-1.12 -1.13

-1.14

-1.14

-1.15

-1.15

-1.16

-1.17

-1.17

-1.18

-1.19

-1.19

-1.20

-1.20

-1.21

-1.22

-1.22

-1.23

-1.23

-1.24

-1.24

34

-1.21 -1.22

-1.22

-1.23

-1.24

-1.24

-1.25

-1.26

-1.26

-1.27

-1.28

-1.28

-1.29

-1.30

-1.30

-1.31

-1.32

-1.32

-1.33

-1.33

-1.34

35

-1.29 -1.30

-1.31

-1.32

-1.32

-1.33

-1.34

-1.35

-1.35

-1.36

-1.37

-1.37

-1.38

-1.39

-1.40

-1.40

-1.41

-1.42

-1.42

-1.43

-1.44

36

-1.38 -1.39

-1.40

-1.40

-1.41

-1.42

-1.43

-1.44

-1.44

-1.45

-1.46

-1.47

-1.47

-1.48

-1.49

-1.50

-1.50

-1.51

-1.52

-1.52

-1.53

37

-1.47 -1.48

-1.48

-1.49

-1.50

-1.51

-1.52

-1.53

-1.53

-1.54

-1.55

-1.56

-1.57

-1.57

-1.58

-1.59

-1.60

-1.60

-1.61

-1.62

-1.63

38

-1.55 -1.56

-1.57

-1.58

-1.59

-1.60

-1.61

-1.61

-1.62

-1.63

-1.64

-1.65

-1.66

-1.67

-1.67

-1.68

-1.69

-1.70

-1.71

-1.71

-1.72

39

-1.64 -1.65

-1.66

-1.67

-1.68

-1.69

-1.69

-1.70

-1.71

-1.72

-1.73

-1.74

-1.75

-1.76

-1.77

-1.78

-1.78

-1.79

-1.80

-1.81

-1.82

40

-1.72 -1.73

-1.74

-1.75

-1.76

-1.77

-1.78

-1.79

-1.80

-1.81

-1.82

-1.83

-1.84

-1.85

-1.86

-1.87

-1.88

-1.89

-1.89

-1.90

-1.91

Table is based upon the temperature coefficient of -0.00023 R.I./C given in the following documents:
AOAC Official Method 969.38 - Moisture In Honey.
AOAC Official Methods of Analysis (2000)

48

Appendix 8
Extended ABV table 2 decimal resolution %ABV
R-D

%v/v Alc

R-D

%v/v Alc

R-D

%v/v Alc

15.0
15.5
16.0
16.5
17.0
17.5
18.0
18.5
19.0
19.5
20.0
20.5
21.0
21.5
22.0
22.5
23.0
23.5
24.0
24.5
25.0
25.5
26.0
26.5
27.0
27.5
28.0
28.5
29.0
29.5
30.0
30.5
31.0
31.5
32.0
32.5
33.0
33.5
34.0
34.5
35.0
35.5
36.0
36.5
37.0
37.5
38.0

0.08
0.27
0.45
0.63
0.82
1.00
1.18
1.37
1.55
1.73
1.92
2.10
2.29
2.47
2.65
2.84
3.02
3.20
3.39
3.57
3.75
3.94
4.12
4.30
4.49
4.67
4.86
5.04
5.22
5.41
5.59
5.77
5.96
6.14
6.32
6.51
6.69
6.87
7.06
7.24
7.43
7.61
7.79
7.98
8.16
8.34
8.53

38.5
39.0
39.5
40.0
40.5
41.0
41.5
42.0
42.5
43.0
43.5
44.0
44.5
45.0
45.5
46.0
46.5
47.0
47.5
48.0
48.5
49.0
49.5
50.0
50.5
51.0
51.5
52.0
52.5
53.0
53.5
54.0
54.5
55.0
55.5
56.0
56.5
57.0
57.5
58.0
58.5
59.0
59.5
60.0
60.5
61.0
61.5

8.71
8.89
9.08
9.26
9.44
9.63
9.81
10.00
10.18
10.36
10.55
10.73
10.91
11.10
11.28
11.46
11.65
11.83
12.01
12.20
12.38
12.56
12.75
12.93
13.12
13.30
13.48
13.67
13.85
14.03
14.22
14.40
14.58
14.77
14.95
15.13
15.32
15.50
15.69
15.87
16.05
16.24
16.42
16.60
16.79
16.97
17.15

62.0
62.5
63.0
63.5
64.0
64.5
65.0
65.5
66.0
66.5
67.0
67.5
68.0
68.5
69.0
69.5
70.0
70.5
71.0
71.5
72.0
72.5
73.0
73.5
74.0
74.5
75.0
75.5
76.0
76.5
77.0
77.5
78.0
78.5
79.0
79.5
80.0
80.5
81.0
81.5
82.0
82.5
83.0
83.5
84.0
84.5

17.34
17.52
17.70
17.89
18.07
18.26
18.44
18.62
18.81
18.99
19.17
19.36
19.54
19.72
19.91
20.09
20.27
20.46
20.64
20.83
21.01
21.19
21.38
21.56
21.74
21.93
22.11
22.29
22.48
22.66
22.84
23.03
23.21
23.40
23.58
23.76
23.95
24.13
24.31
24.50
24.68
24.86
25.05
25.23
25.41
25.60

Important Information in relation to

the use of this table:
2 decimal place %v/v Table covering the
same range as Table 1, Alcohol Content
in 45091'01.pdf
The purpose of providing a 2 decimal
place table is to allow users to benefit
from better resolution of the table data
and is not intended to offer a higher
accuracy reading.
The calculation of ABV by way of hand
held refractometer and hydrometer is still
limited by instrument performance,
especially with respect to the
temperature and achievable accuracy of
the hand held refractometer.
As such, the typical accuracy of % ABV
vol/vol remains as published at 0.5%.

49

Appendix 9
Calibration & verification points for hand held refractometers

Model
45-01
45-02
45-03
45-05
45-06
45-07
45-08
45-22
45-26

Low reference scale value

SS00
SS00
SS00
SS45
90-525 Calibration oil
SS00
SS30
SS00 = 14.45 Zeiss/1.33299 R.I.
SS00

45-27
45-41
45-44
45-45
45-46
45-63
45-65
45-81
45-82
45-91
45-92
45-93
45-94
44-801
44-802
44-803
44-804
44-805
44-808
44-809
44-807
44-806

SS00 = 1.333 R.I.

SS00 = 1.33301 R.I. / 0.02 Brix
SS00 = 32.01F PG
SS00
SS00
SS00
SS00
SS45
SS00
SS00
SS00
SS00
SS00
SS00
SS00
SS30
SS45
SS00
SS00
SS00
SS00

44-812

High reference scale value

SS15
SS30
SS50
90-525 Calibration oil
90-530 Calibration oil
SS30
SS60
SS25 = 122.05 Zeiss/1.37232 R.I.
SS25 = 28.04 Starch / 1.37233 R.I.
Glass T/P 78.8% / 19.6% W/H
(see appendix 4 page 37)
SS45 = 1.4098 R.I./45.01 Brix
SS35 = -33.85C PG / 1.39031 R.I.
SS35 = -28.95F PG / 1.39032 R.I.
SS35 = 54.48 EG
SS20 = 170.2 Seawater / 1.36384 R.I.
SS20 = 17.48% NaCl / 1.36385 R.I.
SS50
90-525 Calibration oil
SS25
SS25 = 13.87 Baum
SS25 = 25.06 Brix/1.37233 R.I.
SS30
SS10
SS15
SS30
SS60
90-525 Calibration oil
SS35 = 22.01 AP
90-525 Calibration oil
90-530 Calibration oil

44-817
44-818
44-819
44-820

SS00
SS00
SS00
SS00

Glass T/P 78.8% / 19.6% W/H

(see appendix 4 page 37)
SS30
SS30
SS25 = 13.87 Baum
SS35 = 54.48 EG

44-821

SS00 = 1.33301 R.I. / 0.02 Brix

SS35 = -33.85C PG / 1.39031 R.I.

44-825

SS00

SS15 = 1.3557 R.I.

44-828
44-829

SS00 = 1.333 R.I.

SS60 = 1.4419 R.I.

SS25 = 1.3723 R.I.

90-525 Calibration oil

Scale
0 - 15% sugar
0 - 30% sugar
0 - 50% sugar
45-80% sugar
72-95% sugar
0-32% sugar
28-65% sugar
10-135 Zeiss
0-30% starch
10-30 W/H
1.33-1.42 RI
0 to -40C EG/PG
30 to -30F EG/PG
0-60% vol PG/EG
0-180 PPT
0-28% NaCl
0-50% sugar
45-80% sugar
0-30% sugar ATC
0-16 Baume/0-18AP
0-130 Oe/0-30% sugar
30-130 O/0-30% sugar
0-10% sugar
0-18% sugar
0-32% sugar
28-62% sugar
45-82% sugar
0-100 PPT
0-40% sugar/0-20AP
0-80% sugar
0-90% sugar
10-30 W/H
0-32% sugar/0-140 OeD
0-32% sugar/0-140 Oe
0-20 Baume/0-25 AP
0 to -50C EP-PG/0-70% EP-PG
0 to -50C EP-PG/1.10 to 1.40 SG
0 to -40C screenwash
0-12 Serum Protein/1.335-1.360 RI
1.000 - 1.050 Urine SG
1.30 - 1.38 R.I.
1.435 - 1.520 R.I.

Notes
Please refer to tables 1 & 2 on page 38 for full descriptions on these calibration standards
Due to dispersion reasons a monochromic light source should be adopted when using the
90-525 and 90-530 calibration oils
All values are calculated based on the sample and instrument temperatures are at 20C.

50

Appendix 10
The FAQ listed below are available from the new Hand Held Distribution Channel Resource
Centre of our website:

www.bellinghamandstanley.com/HHDCRC
FAQ Number

Type

FAQ-HH-001

Technical

FAQ-HH-008
FAQ-HH-009
FAQ-HH-010

Commercial
Technical
Application

FAQ-HH-011

Technical

FAQ-HH-012

Technical

FAQ-HH-014

Application

FAQ-HH-015
FAQ-HH-016
FAQ-HH-018
FAQ-HH-019
FAQ-HH-020
FAQ-HH-021
FAQ-HH-022
FAQ-HH-024
FAQ-HH-025

Technical
Application
Application
Application
Application
Application
Technical
Application
Application

FAQ-HH-026

Technical

FAQ-HH-027

Technical

FAQ-HH-028
FAQ-HH-029
FAQ-HH-030

Technical
Technical
Technical

FAQ-HH-031

Commercial

FAQ-OPT-001
FAQ-OPT-002
FAQ-OPT-003
FAQ-OPT-004
FAQ-OPT-005
FAQ-OPT-009

Technical
Technical
Technical
Commercial
Commercial
Commercial

Title
Calibrate a HIGH RANGE hand held refractometer without using
water (i.e. 45-80% Sugar Water-in-Honey)
Eclipse Advantages over competitor instruments
Illuminator Flap chemical resistance & material
APPLICATION: Water soluble carbohydrate and protein in grass
STATEMENT: Urine Specific Gravity Measurement by Eclipse
Refractometer (IVD regulation 98/79)
CE mark
Determination of ABV (proof) of liquors and spirits by hand
refractometer
Conversion Table Brix to Specific Gravity, g/100ml (Urine)
APPLICATION: Horse Breeding - Equine Colostrum Quality
APPLICATION: lactose by hand refractometer
APPLICATION: Measuring root vegetables with a hand refractometer
Water-in-Honey: an explanation about use of a refractometer
APPLICATION: Hand refractometers in the aviation industry
IP Rating Guide
Measuring Salinity (sea-water aquariums fish farm lagoons)
APPLICATION: Analysis of whole egg
Create a User Defined Table for a Brix Refractometer (i.e.
lubricant/surfactant etc.)
NOx reduction agent AUS 32 (Adblue) Brix to %Concentration
Conversion Chart
Extended ABV table 2-decimal
Difficult samples tips
DEF (Diesel Exhaust Fluid) Hydrometer User Guide
ABV Internet Calculator Instructions/Disclaimer (PC and Mobile
platforms)
Common Specifications
Intrinsic Safety
Service & Certification
10 Selling Points
Custom Models
OPTi - Definitive Model List at July 2012 (OPTi+ launch)

51

International
Longfield Road
Tunbridge Wells, Kent
TN2 3EY
United Kingdom

USA
1000 Hurricane Shoals Road
Building D, Suite 300
Lawrenceville, GA30043
United States of America

Tel: +44 (0) 1892 500400

Fax: +44 (0) 1892 543115
sales.bs.uk@xyleminc.com

Tel: 770 822 6898

Fax: 770 822 9165
sales.bs.us@xyleminc.com

www.bellinghamandstanley.com
2012 Xylem, INC. All rights reserved. Bellingham + Stanley, OPTi, OPTi+, Eclipse & e-line are trade marks of Xylem, Inc. or one of its subsidiaries.

52