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Calculation Method of Hydrodynamic Pressure in Seismic Response Analysis of Gates
Calculation Method of Hydrodynamic Pressure in Seismic Response Analysis of Gates
by
Takashi Sasaki1, Tomoya Iwashita2 and Yoshikazu Yamaguchi3
ABSTRACT
In order to maintain dam storage functions, it
is essential to guarantee the safety of the dam
body and appurtenant structures which are use to
control the flow of water from the dam reservoir,
i.e. gates and so on.
This report describes a study on basic
characteristics of hydrodynamic pressure acting
on gates during an earthquake based on numerical
analysis that considered vibration of dam bodies
and gates, and based on its results, proposes a
method of calculating hydrodynamic pressure
during an earthquake in the seismic performance
evaluation analysis of gates.
KEYWORDS: Gates, Hydrodynamic Pressure,
Guideline, Seismic Performance Evaluation,
1. INTRODUCTION
The Guidelines for Seismic Performance
Evaluation of Dams during Large Earthquakes
(Draft) [1] (Below The Guideline) issued by
the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport
in March of 2005 stipulates two requirements
concerning seismic performance that a dam must
ensure under level-2 earthquake motions: It shall
maintain its water storage function, and,
damage caused shall be within a repairable
range. In order to maintain dam storage
functions, it is essential to guarantee the safety of
the dam body and other parts of its structure
including gates. So the Guideline divides the
objects for a evaluation into dam body (body of
the dam and parts of the foundation in contact
with the dam body) and appurtenant structures etc.
(structures and systems of various kinds that are
installed on or around the dam body to maintain
the functions of the dam) and stipulates the
fundamental concepts of the evaluation methods
for each.
When an actual seismic performance
pd = 0.875Wo k H h
(1)
Where:
pd : Hydrodynamic pressure (kN/ m2)
Water Pressure
450 m
150 m
Reservoir
Dam Body
Trunnion Part
Dam
Radial
150
150
140
140
130
130
120
120
110
110
Elevationm1 1
Elevationm
1
100
90
80
70
60
100
50
90
case where
only the
local dam
body
response is
considered
case
considering
the overall
dam body
response
80
70
60
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0
0.0
0
0.00
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
0.05
0.10
0.15
Hydrodynamic PressureMN/m2)
Accelerationm/s
150
150
140
140
130
130
120
120
110
110
100
100
Elevationm
Elevation m1111
90
80
70
60
90
80
70
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0
-0.4 -0.2 0.0
-0.05
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
2
Accelerationm/s
1.0
1.2
0
0.00
0.05
Hydrodynamic PressureMN/m2)
0.10
150
140
140
130
130
120
120
110
110
100
100
Elevationm
Elevationm11
150
90
80
70
60
50
90
80
70
60
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0
-0.4 -0.2 0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
2
1.0
1.2
Accelerationm/s
-0.05
0
0.00
0.05
Hydrodynamic PressureMN/m2)
0.10
150
150
140
140
130
130
120
120
110
110
100
100
Elevationm
1
Elevationm
90
80
70
60
90
80
70
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0
-0.4 -0.2 0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
2
1.0
1.2
-0.05
0
0.00
0.05
0.10
2
Hydrodynamic PressureMN/m )
Accelerationm/s
150
150
140
140
130
130
120
120
110
110
100
100
Elevationm1 1
Elevation(m) )
90
80
70
60
90
80
70
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0
-0.4 -0.2 0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
2
Accelerationm/s
1.0
1.2
-0.05
0
0.00
0.05
0.10
Hydrodynamic PressureMN/m2)
Table 1 Comparison of Maximum value and Horizontal Total Forces of Hydrodynamic Pressure Acting
on the Upstream Side of the Dam Body
Considering overall dam
body response (A)
Max. value
Total force
0.111
12.19
0.025
3.04
-0.014
-1.09
0.006
0.46
-0.003
-0.13
Case
Uniform rigid body vibration
1st mode vibration shape
2nd mode vibration shape
4th mode vibration shape
5th mode vibration shape
140
140
Total force
1.07
1.07
0.98
1.20
1.14
130
130
120
120
110
Elevation m
11
110
Elevation m
1
Max. value
1.18
1.50
1.76
3.20
-5.39
150
150
100
90
80
70
60
50
case considering
the overall dam
body response
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0
0.0
B/A
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8 2 1.0
Accelerationm/s
0
0.00
1.2
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
Hydrodynamic PressureMN/m2)
Case
One point vibration at a
medium elevation
0.012
0.72
0.097
B/A
Max. value
Total force
8.36
1.02
0.73
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
-2,000
10
-4,000
-6,000
Time(sec)
Acceleration (gal)
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
-2,000
10
-4,000
-6,000
Time(sec)
10
Damping 5%
Response Acceleration
Gate
0.1
150m
Dam Body
Overall Dam
BodyVibration
0.01
67.5m
Relative Gate
Vibration
0.001
0.01
0.1
10
Preriod(s)
150
150
140
140
130
130
120
120
110
110
100
100
90
90
Elevation ( m )
Elevation ( m1) 1
80
70
60
80
70
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0
0.00
1.2
0.05
0.10
0.15
2
Hydrodynamic PressureMN/m )
Accelerationm/s
150
150
140
140
130
130
120
120
110
110
100
100
90
90
Elevation (m)
Elevation (m)
80
70
60
80
70
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
2
Accelerationm/s
1.0
1.2
0
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
Hydrodynamic PressureMN/m2)
Hydrodynamic Pressure ( MN /m )
1
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
-1.0 0
-2.0
-3.0
-4.0
-5.0
10
10
Time(sec)
Time(sec)
10
10
Time
(sec)
Time(sec)
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
-1.0 0
-2.0
-3.0
-4.0
-5.0
10
10
Time(sec)
Time(sec)
Forced
Vibration
Gate
Points
90m
10m
Reservoir
Vibration
Dam Body
Vibration
40m
Reservoir
9.80665
1.40E+03
Hydrodynamic Pressure( MN / m )
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
-1.0 0
-2.0
-3.0
-4.0
-5.0
10
Time(s)
Hydrodynamic Pressure(MN/m )
Fig. 20 Hydrodynamic Pressure Time History under Overall Dam Body Vibration
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
-1.0 0
-2.0
-3.0
-4.0
-5.0
10
Time(s)
Hydrodynamic Pressure(MN/m
10
Time(s)
10
2.4
2.6
2.8
Time(s)
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.2
-1.0
-1.5
Time(s)