1.

, :
-, , ,
- ,
-
- , .
2. , :
- ; ;
3. ,
:
- ,
; ;
.
4. :
S=KG, K=KoKsKpKd ;
G .
5. , T=0.1n
T=0.06n , n .
6. 5 ,
:

 =   :
 


Si . i-
Hi i-
Gi i-

7.
:
S=KvG, Kv=0.7K .
8.
, ,
.
9. :
-
-
-
- 80 cm.
-
H/6 H/8, H .

10. a 41m T=0.9 sec.

. ,
=4.
- =
 = .  


 = 

 =

.


= .   

11. .
Mu=150kNm Nu=300kN, Mu=150kNm Nu=400kN.
-
.
12.
.
- : ;

;
.
- :
;

; ; .
13. ,
, , , ,
. 6-8
. dp>l/35>15cm,
l . :

 
0
,  
 
. /

14.
?
-

- ..

- .

15. .
16. .
17.
.
- : ;
, ;
; .
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.
18.
40/60/1200 cm.
N=0.40.61.225=7.2 kN
N/2=3.6 kN
2
l=43.6/(1.4 0.11)=21.26 cm

=N/(lA)=43.6/(2l)<0.11 kN/cm2
. l=25 cm =14 mm.

=14mm

19. H=8.0 m, min

?
b>H/25=800/25=32 cm

b>H/14=800/14=58 cm

20. L=30 m. f?
f/L=(1/6-1/10)

f=(1/6-1/10)L=3-5 m

21. Lx=30 m Ly=10 m, 3.5 m, 3.0 m.

max ?
H<(4-5)b

H=(4-5)10=40-50 m

3.5+n3.0=50 => n=15.5 . + 15

22. 40/60/120 cm, 400/500

g=0.40.625=6 kN/m A=0.60.4=0.24m2=2400cm2 q=g1.15=6.9 kN/m
N=ql/2=6.91.2/2=4.14 kN
=Nk/A=4.1445/(d2)=26.356/d2=40 => d=0.80
d=10 mm (10)
23. 30, L=20 m, b/d=60/150 cm, 3 .
516. ? kz=0.94
g=1.50.625=22.5 kN/m
q=1.15g=25.87 kN/m
Apot=M/(02hstkz)=32343/(401460.94)=5.89 cm2

M=25.87102/8=323.43 kNm
516=10.05 cm2>5.89 cm2