Processing and Communications

Rate Requirements in
Sensor Networks for
Physical Thread Assessment

DESMI 2009-2010 IS CO-FUNDED BY THE REPUBLIC OF CYPRUS AND THE

EUROPEAN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT FUND

Sea Border
Security Sensor Network

System Overview

System Overview
Power Autonomous
Security Buoy

Pan-tilt IP
Thermal Camera

System Overview

Adaptive measurement
acquisition and tracking
Tracking
Measurement
Acquisition

Measurement
Processing

Adaptive Sensing,
Processing, and
Communications
Mechanism

Tracking
Information

State Evolution and Tracking

Information (1)
State evolution

State Evolution and Tracking

Information (2)
State to measurement space mapping

Measurement processing
Estimation

State Evolution and Tracking

Information (3)
State to measurement space mapping

Probability of existence of

Processing and Communications

Rate based on Tracking Information
The dictionary of signal elements that may appear
in the measurements related to the number of
processing operations and matched filter statistics

Considering signal elements with non-negligible

probability, results to computational and
communications savings

Tracking Scenario

Thermal
Camera

Multiple Target
Tracking

Simulation Results

Percentage of incorrectly formed tracks versus the number of

particles used with 95% confidence intervals.

Simulation Results

Percentage of matched filtering operations per time step with

95% confidence intervals for different number of particles

Sea Border Monitoring

Challenges
Vast area to be continuously monitored
Sea Patrols using ships and helicopters is
expensive
Vehicle purchase and maintenance
Personnel training and employment
Fuel

Sea Patrols are inadequate

Cannot cover all area/all the time
Border is easily infiltrated

Future Extensions
Land-border monitoring system
Environmental sensors (pollution monitoringtracking)
Search and Rescue operations
Fast leak detection and spread estimation
Natural Disaster detection, observation, and
assessment
Application of signal recovery methods from
compressively sensed data

Publications
[1] I. Kyriakides, S. Neophytou, A. Kounoudes, K. Michail, Y. Argyrou, T.
Wieland, Processing and Communications Rate Requirements in Sensor
Networks for Physical Thread Assessment, 9th International Conference
on Critical Information Infrastructures Security, Oct. 2014 (submitted).
[2] I. Kyriakides, Compressive Sensing and Processing based on Prior
Information on the Signal Structure, (invited-to be submitted).
[3] I. Kyriakides, R. Pribic, Sampling Size in Monte Carlo Bayesian
Compressive Sensing, IEEE Sensor Array and Multichannel Signal
Processing Workshop, June, 2014.
[4] I. Kyriakides, R. Pribic, H. Sar, N. At, Grid Matching in Monte Carlo
Bayesian Compressive Sensing, Int. Conference on Information Fusion,
July 2013.

The need for

Sea Border Monitoring
Illegal immigration
Exploitation of people
Deaths at sea
Arrival of criminals/terrorists
Trafficking of illegal drugs, weapons
Harm to the society
Contributing to criminal/terrorist action
One of the major goals of the EU
European Border Surveillance System
Critical infrastructure security

System Capabilities
Sonar Nodes
Inexpensive coverage of wide areas
Fully autonomous operation at sea

Infrared Nodes
Reduction of false alarms

Fusion Center
Processes data from sensors and configures
sensor processing method
Provides data to human operator only when
necessary

Sea Border monitoring

System requirements
Constant monitoring / Everywhere
Covers a wide area at all times
Low operating and maintenance costs

Autonomous operation
Fast Detection and Tracking of intrusions
Little human intervention and training required

Works with low power / low communication

rates

Project Goals
Development of multiple target tracking and data
fusion algorithms [1]
Development of methods for minimizing
communication and processing rates based on
sequentially updated information in the scene [1,2,3,4]
Development of adaptive methods for data fusion
and tracking given power, communications and
processing rate constraints [1,2,3,4]
Selection of power, sensing, processing, modules
and materials for long term power autonomous
operation

Multiple Target tracking and Data Fusion

Tracking the state of multiple targets
Handling non-linear relationships between target state
space and measurement space using Monte Carlo
methods
Fusing data from multiple sensing modalities (for
example radar, sonar, imaging, RSS etc.)
Merges prior and measurement information using a
sequential Bayesian framework
Adapts sensing, processing, and communications based
on
sequentially updated information in the scene
availability of resources