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Trigonometry Notes Grade-11
Trigonometry Notes Grade-11
Trigonometry Notes Grade-11
P(x; y) is a point on the Cartesian plane. The length of the line drawn from the origin
0 to point P is r. The angle between OP and the x-axis is .
P (x; y)
1.1
1.1.1
1.1.2
1.1.3
1.2
1.3
Give the definition of sin , cos and tan in terms of the three sides mentioned.
Special Angles:
0o ; 30o ; 45o ; 60o ; 90o
1.
1.1
1.2
2.
2.1
2.2
Solution:
1.1
1.2
3 1 1 3
9
=
1 2 2 1
4
1
=2
4
2.1
LHS = tan45
2
=
2
=1
sin 45
RHS =
cos45
2.2
2
= 2
2
2
=1
LHS = RHS
sin 45
tan45=
cos45
3 1
.
2 2
2 3
.
2 2
1
2
LHS = 1 2 sin 2 of = 30
= 1 2sin 2 30
1
= 1 2 ( )2
2
1
=12( )
4
1
=1
2
1
=
2
RHS = cos2 of = 30
= cos (2 30)
= cos60
1
=
2
LHS = RHS
1 2 sin 2 = cos if = 30
Exercise:
1.
Calculate the value of the following expressions without the use of a calculator:
1.1
sin 2 60 + cos 2 60
1.2
1.3
tan60. sin 60
cos 45 . sin 45
1.4
1.5
1.6
cos 2 30 sin 2 45
Reduction Formulae:
90o
Sin
All
180o -
90o -
90o +
0o
180o
180o +
360o -
Tan
n
3
Cos
4
270o
2.
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
sin 180
tan360
cos90
tan180
sin 90
cos360
sin
tan360
cos
sin 90
cos180
cos90
sin 360
tan360
cos360
360o
3.
3.1
3.2
4.
5.
Determine the value of the following expression without using a calculator (the
answer should be in surd form):
sin 390 . cos 225 . sin 210 . sin 315 . sin 260
cos 350
1.
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
Quadrant
Sign
Reduced
function
2.
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
3.
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
tan180 . cos360
cos90 . cos90 sin . sin 180
3.5
3.6
4.
4.1
cos90
tan360
cos180
4.2
sin 2 360
4.3
4.4
5.
Determine the values of the expressions without using a calculator. (Answer should
be in surd form.)
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
6.
7.
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
cos
Identities:
You must be able to deduce and solve the following two fundamental identities:
1.
tan =
sin
cos
y
x
y
sin
RHS =
r
x
cos
r
y r
=
r x
y
=
x
LHS = RHS
sin
tan =
cos
LHS = tan =
P (x; y)
2.
sin 2 cos2 1
sin2 + cos2 = 1
sin2 = 1 - cos2
cos2 = 1 - sin2
Examples:
1.
1.1
1.2
2.
2.1
2.2
Solution:
1.
1.1
1.2
1
1
sin 2
2
tan
=
cos 2
cos 2
cos2
1 sin 2
=
cos2
cos2
=
cos2
=1
2.
2.1
LHS
tan 1
tan 1
sin
1
cos
=
sin
1
cos
sin cos
cos
=
sin cos
cos
sin cos
cos
cos
sin cos
sin cos
sin cos
= RHS
2.2
1
(1 sin A) (1 sin A)
1
=
1 sin 2 A
1
=
cos 2 A
= RHS
LHS =
Exercise :
1.
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
2.
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.10
(sin + cos ) 2
sin
tan
tan 2 .sin 2 + tan 2 .cos 2
tan2
1 tan2
sin
(sin + tan )
= sin .tan
1 cos
cos A 1 sin A
1 sin A cos A
cos sin 1 2 sin cos
1 cos
sin
sin
sin 2 =
1.
1.1
sin 2 60 cos2 60
2
3 1 2
2
2
3 1
4 4
4
4
1
1.2
0
1.3
tan 60 . sin 60
cos 45. sin 45
3 3
1 . 2
2 2
2 . 2
3
2
2
4
3 4
2 2
3
1.4
3 2 2 2 2
1
3
2
1
2
4
3
1
1
2
2
0
cos2 30 sin 2 45
1.5
32 2
2
2
3 2
4 4
1
4
1
1.6
3 2 1
.
1 2 2
2
4
12 2