Roxas, Patrick Jose C

16, 2016

September

ECE413L 4BSECE-B
Experiment 7 : Full wave RC Triggering of SCR
Observation :
This experiment allows us to study the graph of conduction angle and firing angle of
a full wave RC triggering circuit and how it differs from the circuit of the half wave
RC triggering circuit. Full wave conducts at 180 degrees and closes off at reversed
conduction band. Reversed conduction is the region where voltage can flow but no
conduction occurs. The parallel resistor and capacitor also plays a major role in the
circuit since conduction and firing angle depends on it. If the resistor is adjusted to
maximum, the charging time of the capacitor will begin to slow and the firing angle
will be larger and conduction angle will be smaller. If the resistor is adjusted to
minimum, the capacitor discharging time will be faster and firing angle will be
smaller and conduction angle will be larger.

The bridge rectifier is the one responsible for generating the full wave input. The
first two forward diodes for the positive half cycle and the next two reversed
diodes are for the negative half cycle (basically a common knowledge).
CRITICAL RATE OF VOLTAGE RISE
When an ac voltage is used to supply the anode of an SCR, it is possible to get false
triggering. Because of the capacitances in the SCR, rapidly changing voltage may
trigger the SCR. To avoid false triggering the rate of of voltage must not exceed the
critical rate voltage rise specified on the datasheet. For instance the 2N6504 has a
critical rate of voltage rise of 50V/us . To avoid false triggering the anode voltage
must not exceed 50 V/us.

Switching transients are the main cause of critical rate of voltage rise. One
way to reduce the effect of switching current is to used snubber circuit. If a high
speed transient does appear on the voltage, its rate of rise will be reduces on the
anode because of RC time constant.

In this graph we can see the blue output waveform. This the combination of the
firing and conduction angle (first spike is the firing angle, second spike conduction
angle) . Without looking on the circuit connection we can conclude here that the
resistor is set to a minimum value (probably lower than fifty percent)due to the fast
discharge of the capacitor the firing angle is smaller and conduction angle is larger.

Conclusion :
Silicon controlled rectifier are widely distributed due to the fact that it helps the
conduction of the devices regulated. Certain types of phase control are used to this
in order to determine the time constant, time operation and if the conduction will
fail. Full wave RC triggering is one of the phase control used to this where the
varying resistor controls and regulate the positive and negative half cycle flowing on
the circuit.

The advantage of using the full wave RC trigger first is that it has a natural
commutation during negative half cycles. We all know that SCRs can conduct
continuosly when anode current starts to flow. And forcing the current to the
reversed direction is too risky for high power applications. Second is some thyristors
are bidirectional and full wave rectification is very helful in order to maintain
operation.
Roxas, Patrick Jose C.
4BSECE-B
EXPERIMENT 6 : RC TRIGGERING OF SCR
1. Explain the working operation of the circuit.
During the negative half cycle capacitor charges in reverse direction when
the supply voltage increases towards positive sid ethe capacitor voltage also
recharges in opposite direction. When this capacitor voltage reaches
threshold voltage SCR will turn on and capacitor discharges through diode on
the negative half cycle, resetting it for the next charging cycle.
2. What

are the limitations of the R triggering circuit?

They can be employed in power circuits having only one thyristor.
They are capable of open loop control only.
There is no electrical isolation between control circuits and power
circuits.

3. What are the limitations of the RC triggering circuit?

Due to lower voltages near 0 to 180, gate current is small. Especially
in R-C firing circuit, near 180 gate current is minimum due to
maximum value of R. This will increase the turn on time, especially for
load resistance, leading to high turn signal is desirable on loss.
Higher frequency gate signal is desirable for reliable turn on. Both
circuit are not capable of providing the same.
4. Mention different method of triggering SCR.
Gate triggering
Voltage triggering
Dv/dt triggering
Temperature triggering
Light triggering
5. Why gate triggering is preffered ?
Gate is a current controlled terminal that modulates the triggering of the SCR.
Appropriate gate current will flow through the terminal and produces a anode
current that starts the conduction, if the current that flows will exceed the

voltage through it the current will reduce by the source voltage that turns off
the scr ( this is the negative half cycle of the SCR).