Chng trnh giang day kinh te Fulbright

Kinh te Vi mo

Bai giang 8

O CO GIAN CUA
CUNG VA CAU

CAC NOI DUNG CHNH

o co gian cua cau theo gia

o co gian cheo cua cau

o co gian cua cau theo thu nhap

o co gian cua cung (theo gia)

Ganh nang cua thue

17.9.2009

ang Van Thanh

ang Van Thanh

17.9.2009

Chng trnh giang day kinh te Fulbright

Kinh te Vi mo

Bai giang 8

o co gian cua cau

Khai niem:
o co gian cua cau theo bien so x la % thay
oi cua lng cau khi bien so x thay oi 1%.

Cong thc tnh:

Ex = % QD/ % x

17.9.2009

ang Van Thanh

o co gian cua cau theo gia

Khai niem: La phan tram thay oi trong

lng cau cua mot hang hoa hoac dch vu khi
gia cua no thay oi 1%.
Cong thc tnh: EP
EP

Q/Q
P/P

17.9.2009

ang Van Thanh

(% Q)/(% P)

ang Van Thanh

Q P
*
P Q
4

17.9.2009

Chng trnh giang day kinh te Fulbright

Kinh te Vi mo

Bai giang 8

o co gian cua cau theo gia

Nhan xet

1)

Do moi quan he gia P va Q la nghch

bien nen EP < 0.

2)

EP khong co n v tnh

17.9.2009

ang Van Thanh

o co gian cua cau theo gia

Cac trng hp co gian cua cau theo gia

Neu EP <- 1 hay /Ep/ >1: phan tram thay oi cua lng cau
ln hn phan tram thay oi cua gia. Cau co gian nhieu
Neu EP >- 1 hay /Ep/ <1: phan tram thay oi cua lng cau
nho hn phan tram thay oi cua gia. Cau co gian t
Neu EP =- 1 hay /Ep/ =1: phan tram thay oi cua lng cau
bang vi phan tram thay oi cua gia. Cau co gian mot n v

17.9.2009

ang Van Thanh

ang Van Thanh

17.9.2009

Chng trnh giang day kinh te Fulbright

Kinh te Vi mo

Bai giang 8

o co gian cua cau theo gia

P
4

EP

Khi di chuyen xuong

di ng cau, o co
gian cang giam.

Ep < -1

Ep = -1

Ep > -1

Ep = 0
4

17.9.2009

ang Van Thanh

o co gian cua cau theo gia

P

Cau co gian hoan toan

P*

EP

EP

17.9.2009

ang Van Thanh

Cau hoan toan

khong co gian

Q
ang Van Thanh

17.9.2009

Chng trnh giang day kinh te Fulbright

Kinh te Vi mo

Bai giang 8

o co gian cua cau theo gia

Nhng nhan to chnh anh hng en o co gian cua
cau theo gia

Tnh chat cua hang hoa.

Tnh thay the cua hang hoa.

Mc chi tieu cua mat hang trong tong mc chi tieu

Tnh thi gian

17.9.2009

ang Van Thanh

o co gian cua cau theo gia

Moi quan he gia doanh thu (chi tieu) va gia

ban phu thuoc vao Ep

EP<-1: TR nghch bien vi P (ong bien vi Q)

EP>-1: TR ong bien vi P (nghch bien vi Q)

Tai mc gia va lng ban co EP= -1 TR the nao?

17.9.2009

ang Van Thanh

ang Van Thanh

10

17.9.2009

Chng trnh giang day kinh te Fulbright

Kinh te Vi mo

Bai giang 8

o co gian cheo cua cau

o co gian cheo gia hai mat hang X va Y la

phan tram thay oi cua lng cau mat hang X
khi gia mat hang Y thay oi 1%.

E XY
E XY

(% Q X )/(% PY )
Q X /Q X
PY /PY

17.9.2009

Q X PY
*
PY Q X

ang Van Thanh

11

o co gian cheo cua cau

EXY = 0 : X va Y la hai mat hang khong

lien quan

EXY < 0 : X va Y la hai mat hang bo sung

EXY > 0 : X va Y la hai mat hang thay the

Quan he gia hai doanh nghiep la g?

17.9.2009

ang Van Thanh

ang Van Thanh

12

17.9.2009

Chng trnh giang day kinh te Fulbright

Kinh te Vi mo

Bai giang 8

o co gian cua cau theo thu nhap

o co gian cua cau theo thu nhap la phan

tram thay oi cua lng cau khi thu nhap
thay oi 1%.

EI
EI

(% Q)/(% I )
Q/Q
I/I

17.9.2009

Q
I
*
I
Q

ang Van Thanh

13

o co gian cua cau theo thu nhap

EI < 0: hang cap thap

EI > 0: hang thong thng

EI <1: hang thiet yeu

EI >1: hang cao cap

17.9.2009

ang Van Thanh

ang Van Thanh

14

17.9.2009

Chng trnh giang day kinh te Fulbright

Kinh te Vi mo

Bai giang 8

o co gian cua cung

o co gian cua cung (theo gia) la phan tram

thay oi cua lng cung khi gia thay oi 1%.
o co gian cua cung co dau dng do gia va
lng cung quan he ong bien

ES
ES

(%

Q)/(%

Q/Q
P/P

17.9.2009

P)

Q
P
*
P
Q

ang Van Thanh

15

o co gian cua cung

ES>1: cung co gian nhieu

ES<1: cung co gian t

ES=1: cung co gian mot n v

ES= 0: cung hoan toan khong co gian

ES= : cung co gian hoan toan

17.9.2009

ang Van Thanh

ang Van Thanh

16

17.9.2009

Chng trnh giang day kinh te Fulbright

Kinh te Vi mo

Bai giang 8

Ai thc s la ngi chu thue?

P

* San lng giam

* Gia cau tang

PD1

* Gia cung giam

P0

* Ngi tieu dung

va nha san xuat
cung chu thue

PS

D
Q1

17.9.2009

Q0

ang Van Thanh

17

Ai chu thue nhieu hn tuy thuoc

vao o co gian cua cung va cau
P

PD1
S

t
P0

PD1
P0

PS 1

Cau co gian t
hn cung, ngi
tieu dung chu
thue nhieu hn

Cung co gian t
hn cau, nha
san xuat chu
thue nhieu hn

PS 1

Q1 Q0

17.9.2009

ang Van Thanh

ang Van Thanh

Q1 Q0

Q
18

17.9.2009