Fpohrvest 2s " “EXPLOSIVE . . - = : “ORDNANCE | : (ARMY. AMMUNITION 4 g R ae NAVY inmate cal)Mate thc en lad PRON ae He yk Bort “DEPARTMENTS OF THR ARMY- BT am AND, THE AIR FORCE. | -- Wasmivaton 25, D. C., 16 March 1953 ~ TM 9-1985-5/70 308-14, is publiohed for the information and guidance of all concerned. AG 471 26 Fob 53)} eH ‘ © By onpen or vax Secruraniss or tax Amy Axo rme Atm Fénce eer Bro 7 7 ee ane fo . oe a . oe r Ovrrctat: ‘ 7 seEAWTON COLL : WM. B. wthany aH ee, Chief of Sta, United Stale Army +* Major General, USA . y < 3. The Adjutant’ Ggnerél | Orrrcrat:” an HOYT S. VANDENBERG = * +0 KE, TEOEBAUD eee J Ohief of Staff, United States Air Force Air Adjutant General Disramézion: Actice Army. =. @); MDW (1)7 A @)5 CQ (2); Div (2); Sch () except 8 (), 9 ‘ay; Dep § @); POF (), OSD () PRER 0 6); ‘Ars 0 (1); Proc Dist 9 (1); T/0 & Es 6-800 FA, FB, FO, FE, FF (1). NG: No ie 8 Army RescMe: None. : For explanation of distribution formula, see SR 310-90-1.Baie fe CONTENTS Og "VOLUME: 8 - = Chapter 4. Army Ammunition: - "1's Seetion 1: Arty Projectites. . + ~ Section 3. Army Rockets -- ‘Section 3.’ Army Mortars... * Section"4. “Army Project Ib Picea Ghoprér 5. Novy Ammunition “"Seetion 1. Navy ee Section 2. Navy Rockets Section 3. Navy Morthrs .- Sention 4. Navy Projectile Fates : kr iG. JAPANESE AMMUNITION—EXPLANATORY NOTES E ‘sid mark (or type) and modification number. Japaneg#Weapons non 1, The bore diameter of Japanese Army weap-, ona _measyres an even number ‘of millimeters (metric syftem). However, the guns are ‘decig.) nated heir “nominal izes, gunually to. the nearest yes centimeter. a 2. The“bore diameter of Jupantse Navy weap-~ fons quite often measures to. an even inch in keeping with. the English system, though some common Navy guns are designed ‘witha bore diameter in am even number of millimeters. The , Navy also designates its guns by néminal sizes, ‘ vusually to tie nearest even centimeter. 3. Tor avoid. corifusion, ammunition is classified in this book by the nominal ‘ore size of the weapon according to the Japanese nomenclature with the actual’ size given in parenthesis. In 2 {Navy ammunition, above 5-em, the actiial sizé is given in both metric and English FBeasurement. 4. Both services designate: the size of guns under 5-cm by the actual ize in millimeters, e. g. 47-mm, 40-mm, 30-mm, 20-mm. cs Clastificction of Projectiles Army Projectiles ‘The Japantse nomenclature ‘for projectiles is, followed as far as practicable. The Japanese Army, terminology ia self-explanatory and con-__ forms fatrly well with U: 8. custom. Needing some explanation are the terms A. P, and.A P-H.E, ¥ : ? A. P- inidicates « projectile handed fof piercing heavy armor, for example, artior plate of-thick- * ‘nese equal to or greater than the caliber sf the “projectile. These Projectiles have an H. E. bursting charge, 0 ‘ : A. PH. E. ‘indicates a solid-nosed’ projectile “in general similar to the A. P. but designed for * goueh lighter penotrasion. These.carry an #1. E. charge approaching that of a standard H. E. projectile. Hence,. the term A. P.~H. E. is - intended ‘to indicate” ite: intermediate status det an H, E, projéptile and a*heavy Navy Projectiles » ~ The classification and designation of Navy pro- jectiles by ‘the Japancee is: highly: irregular and * cumbersome. Complete and schurate identifies tion of‘ projectile requires identification of the gun, descriptive nomenclature of the projectile, wv " : . ¢ fe ge armor- pi projectile. A. P.-H. E. projectiles taf paifited like H. E. projectiles but obyiously may be differentiated by’ their form: Example: 14'em/50 Ordinary i (Gun) (Geperal type of For projectile) ‘Type 0 . + (Design number) : this reason an arbitrary system of nomen- clature is used in this book. Japanese Navy nomenclature is given as sub-title where known, + In Jepancos Navy nomenclature all projectiles light armor-piercing typgs) are designdted with a relatively high “op charge (iricluding s) TSUJODAN, which may/be translated eifher “Ordinary “ Projéetile” or “Conimon Projectie” Since this is a composite group incliding standard high explosive projectiles 3 well as light pene- trating types, the translation “Ordinary” is used in this book for Japanese designations and the term “Common” is reserved for specific use aa @ descriptive title for light wengtrating -types of projectile (solid nose, base-fuzed) in accordance with the U. 8. meaning of “Common . jectiles having a point detonating fuze are devig- Pro: nated “High Explosive” to, conform with U. S. terminology. ° Abbreviatjons ee The following abbreviations will be used in this section: * : A.A.M.G. Antiaircraft Machine Gun. AC Aircraft Cannon A.C.M.G. Aircraft Machine Gua. ALP. Armor-Piercing. . ATP.I. ) Armor-Piercing Incendiary. AUP.T.° Armor-Piercing Tracer A. TK. Anti-tank : ¥ gE. High*Explosive. HE A.T., High-Explosive Anti-tank 4 Glollow Charge) EEL High-Explosive Incendiary. HLEWLT. High-Explosive incendiary HLE.T. — Bigh-Explosive Tracer. H.M.G. Heavy Machine Gun. 1 “Incendiary. LT. Incondiary"Tracer: 7 L.M.G. Light Macaine Gun. MK Mark. * 8 MOD Modification. 8:D. Self-Detroying. TK. Tank. : W. P- White Phosphorus. . (Japanese Army. weapons are generally copies of INTRODUCTION * 7 : ‘ TION oy * -German or French designs or are developed follow- . ing their customs. Japanese weapona ineffective, . . | This is particularly true in considéring amall ‘arms for if the Japaneso ever mada any serious Attentpt to standardize small arms and smell arm, ammunition there is little evidence of it in the many differenit calibers and types in uso by them. The standard Weapon prior to-1930 was 6.5 mn, “but shortly therosfter this was superseded by 7.7 mm weapons. However, ‘this change was “never complete and 6.5,mra weapons wer used extensively in the last war. The foreign itifluence is apparent’ particularly after 1939 when aircraft machine guns of German and Italian design were copied. ty tp ON The earlier sircraft machine guns and aircraft canhon’ were either modifications of Japanese ground mounts or copies of foreign guns: ‘In more recent years, however, the Japanese designed air- craft cannon as large as 120 mm,” but nothing or than 57 mun was ever put in servicd uso. > “Most Japanese, artillery weapons were charac. terized by their immobility aa very-few of them were designed for rapid motor’ transport. Al. though 105 mm and 150 mm weapons were frequently encountered, the standard field piece was 75 mm. reece + t vlery pieces and @ 1054 - Tn compatison with weapons ° ‘used by other-countries in the past fow years, the ‘*sppeer to be outmoded’ and One outstanding characteristic of Jepanced’: Army ammunition is the large variety of types ‘and sizes of mortars which were in use. Mortars were'used not only os infantry support weapons but also es artillery pieces. "They ranged in size from the 50-mm Grenade. Discharger to ~the - 820-mm Spigot Mortar. » ‘The standard Antiairerdft Gun was @°75-min, gun but there was also an 88-miiAntiaireraft Gun which was one of theif most effective ertil- A. A, gun. The Japancae has designed a 150-mm Antiaireraft Gun for the defense of the home islands’ but this was used only in the last few mohths of the war. , The nowest trend in’ research and development in “ammunition was algng the line of rockets, Very, fow types during the war but there were many experimental models of antitank and artillery rockets in develop- ment, raging in size from 75 may to 60.can. Revedroh was also’ being’ conducted on smooth- . bore.and recoilless weapons but this. was @ rela- tively new program ‘and none of thase weapous * was ever developed beyond the experimental stage, a Ef 265 * of Japanese rockets were used. *JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE 266, ARMY—OLD COLOR SYSTEM RED ~ "FILLED BLACK BODY FELLING IDENTIFICATION “BAND, YELLOW BAND - #.E. PRESENT ~ WO BAND ~ BLACK POWDER WHEN 7 RED-T1 PRED, WEIGHT VARIATION MARK OATA PROJECTILE FILLED ae SYMBOL: OF PLACE FILLED METAL {DENTIFICATION BAND: "WHITE BAND = HiGH GRADE STEEY GREEN BAND - LOW GRADE STEEL. NO BAN CAST IRON * “DATE ‘PROPELLANT MANUFACTURED Common Explosive Types Japanese characters giving the type number of the projectile (painted on. projectile) and type number of the gun. (painted on the case) appear only when there is chance of confusion with similar projectiles or cases. & \* Special-Purpose Projectiles ey “Projectiles designed’ for: special purposes aye: painted black oyer ‘all: and are, identified by ‘special symbol stenciled viear the’ idle’ of the body... For a list of thesé projectiles and symbols, 1 Toler to:the-new.¢olor system. iv “YELLOW - Lister’ UE cwowe sac ¢ apn dancin: RED + vou “The variation of- individual projectiles from standard weight is important. in the’ ballistics ‘problem and. can be corrected for ingetting’ sight ‘The: varintjon is therefore indicated by plus > minus signs painted on‘ JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE & EE i: 7 "ARMY—NEW COLOR SYSTEM he new aybtem is besed on the old system, bub ‘designed as @ simplification in which fewer color bands are uéed. Body color of projectiles distinguishes broad groups, Color bands designate moro specific features. The use of accessorf markings such as tyge numbers, weight: marks, x dates, and arsenal symbols is the same in both s ystems. : RED ~ “FILLED BLACK BODY COLOR YELLOW - H.€,-HIGH GRADE STEEL GREEN ~ H.€.~SEMI-STEEL REO > SHRAPNEL OR CANNISTER WHITE .- ARWOR-PIERCENG ‘ . YELLOW . GREEN” H€-TRACER’ WHITE * 7 GREEN” PoP -~TRACER: * A.» *THE PRESENCE OF A TRACER 1S HOT ALWAYS INDICATED. e Common Explosive Types : Hollow chargé ammunition is distinguished: from other types in the H. E. high grade steel Gellow band) group by, the presence of tho symbol od 9Pa ‘ EEE INTRODUCTION TO ARMY AMMUNITION Chemical (Gas or Liquid Filled) Projectiles = oe b. i eo *FULeo" ~ EXPLOSIVE coMPonEATS © BLUE "FILLED? ~ L1QUID COMPONENTS s YELLOW BLISTER BLUE =" CHOKE % BROWN ~ BLOOD AND NERVE. RED * = VOMIT. GREEN, ~ TEAR ; > @ Special PuroyePrietles ie 1g Projectiles designed. for special purposes as listed below are identified by the over-all: body color and by a special syigbol stenciled near the ae midge of the body. «fat Projectile Celer of bedy’ Symbol « ” i 7 Sano (igual o screen White ya : ; ae Inenniasy (nonliquid)...” Yellow..2° A - _ Mluminatin : Fey sow : Target = : Sa . : eS Sandefilled Zz ae i oe 8 c 269COPPER sacKET tit Leao cone W000 . i. 270 ad : ca ye* ets : : ‘Chapter 4+Section 1 i : ee . 4 H . ARMY PROJECTILES : as le = Wooden 2" 2s inches. | 2 inches. 3 eo Projectile & CaN or te. ar : 7 “Panto ofwood. 2 * Projectile of paper. ' x * ‘Type 96 L. M.G. > * Mype'38 carbine, ae BEEP ae : 1). Type 44 carbines 7%,” > * eee eee eee eee . *~ “. Remirka: Ammunition’ when used in rifies and. “ri@e to launch the rifle smoke grenade,” The Et light machisje ‘guns’ will be found in* clips of 5: paper bullet round is used to.launch rifle grenades. 7 “rounds each. When used in the heavy tmaehine * , ‘The propelling powder used in the blank.rounds is © -"Fuba it will be fourid in, feeder stripe of 30.rounds ‘nitrocellulose whilé in the other rdunds it, ia each.”Tho wooden bullet round is used with the ‘erphitcontad nit ellos7 Reo 7 —— LEAD. ei cece fa oa o ac mk Ban ‘ 7 ¢ “ : - : @ £ y : s a 7 a x Figure 202—Type 99 (Rimless) 7.7-mm Ammunition. " Von dee ae ‘ wwwe | “oF Wn Ammunition me ‘Ay P. (Inch) ‘Tracer (neh) Wooden » Length of projectile ‘Weight of projecti ‘Type 92 HM. G, > ‘Type 1H. M.G. Type 97 TK. MG. “Type 99 modified rifle. Type 2 rifle. . " ‘Color aid maggings: | ot Bs Eye : , we, Remintkas: The, hoary, machine guns use feed °° : , “os. | tripe of 30 rounds. ‘Wha ed in ight mnaljne SS : > ‘guns and tho rifle, {hia ammunition is packed! in tie valet 94 Geotind clipes : 7 Be iSE Eg In'ad eth ual ra cre cao, . me : 7 PA Bes ‘ammunition with a’steel ‘case, hai boot found. ve osJAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE ‘ - 274 ~~ = RUG, PIERCING INCENDIARY we STEEL CUPRO-NICKEL a i BLACK BAND) AGENTA BAND Pink gan Figuie 203—Type 92 (Semirinined) 7.7-mm Ammunition.Weapons in which used: ‘Type 89 Flexible A. C. ‘Type 89 Flexible A. C. ‘Type 89 Fixed A.C. M. ‘Type 92 H. M. G. Color and markings: ‘Tee Remake: Tho type 02 heavy machine gun inses feed strips of 30 rounds. When used for aircraft flexible machine guns, this ammunition is packed in S-round clips in « manner corresponding to the Packing ‘of rimless, rile ammunition; but the ARMY PROJECTILES . Type 92 CSemisimmed) ai-nm Ammunition a ar Ter asada Over-all length he 3K 3K Whe BM, Length of case’ 2% 2% 2% ey Ihe Kel oR ls Kk Weight of projes 203 162 155 162. +. 162 Consiruetion: : : a Prabrteore Lead. “+ Hard steel. .@ W. P. nd lead, P. ELT. N. and Iead. .& clip is of larger size to accommodate the larger bore offthe semirimmed type. ‘The P. E. T. N. in the H. E. round is set off by the heat of impact. iH e 275lcenouay sapuoR PIERCING ~ SH i ee cat rs a * Figure 104-72 Ant ri in Amin. oa Aircraft’ Machine Gun ‘Ammunition. ‘Constrivetion: ‘Type. Projectile jacket — Prdjectile'core ea cetee = 7 Gilling metal. Lead. pat CuNi TD Hard ateet Overall length (inch). BXa.—3¥ oun WP. ad lead Length ofreane...do-- 2% Cunt PET N. and Length of projee- do.. 1K... ceric head. ' i teeetetcen . Weapons in which used: Bren type I. M,C, Weight of pro-(grams). 180. 182... a2... ‘Type 98 flexible A. C. MG. ject. oy ‘Type 100 flexible A. C. M..G.Color and markings: > ‘Type Bands ALP Baek “ Incendiary...” Magentar HEL.) White Remarks: The Bren type L. M. G. uses @ box- type magazine similar to the U.S. B.A. R. The type 8 arid type 100 A. C. M. G. use a saddle type magazine. 8-mm Pistol Ammunition & ‘ : Over-all length: 1% inches. . | Length of case? "%s inch. 7 Length of projectile: +% inch, Weight of projectile: 102 grams. Construction: Type: Ball. 5 : Projectile jacket; CuNi, Projectile core: Lead. Figure 205—8-mm Pistol Ammunition. f ARMY PROJECTILES Weapons in.which used: Nambu pistol. 7 Type 14 pistol : “Type .94 pistol. “Solothurn” submachine gun. “Bren Type” submachine gun Type 100 submachine gun. “Remarks: The propelling case is rimless and made of: brass. There is a teae-ges round, but specifications indicate that this is a relatively large missile and it is probably Inunched trem the pistol somewhat in the manner of launcifing grenades from a rifle. - 9-mmm Pistol Antmunition Over-all length: 1 inches. Length of case: "%s inch : Length of projectile: inch. Weight of projectile: 150 grams. Figure 206—9-mm Pistol Ammunition. 277,~ | foe 7 e JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE. = Congtruction: . pe: Ball. Projectile jacket: ‘CuNi, Projectile core: Lead, Weapons in which used: ‘Type 26 revolver (Webley type). Smith and Wesson pistol, Remarks: Tho’ propelling case is rimless and mado of brass. Thero is a tear-gas round, similar _ to thet mentioned for,the 8-mm pistol. func — siee IE oars ri i iET (tata) Ae. Bhs. Weight of projectile. - Construction: zi z ' 4 t Ball. «GUN: ! ence P, B./P-N. incendiary aiid steal P.E,'T. N. incendiary und ste P. BTN. incenuitry and std. Steel!” Lead tip, stecl core. ne Brass - Brass: “HH 1 (fazed Tealian) HL Bal. (fuzelese).. “Tracer. ALP» (Ltalian)” Weapons int which us = Color and markings: Gilding metal! OM.G.., ‘or greéni and white, White. ‘ Purple. wg Rea, biue, or green body. Green. Black tip, on nose. Remarks: ‘This ammunition was copied by the - fuzed differs from the Italian round in ‘that the fuze ‘Jopancee from the Talians. OF the two H. TE. I. used is ‘of two-piece constructién- instead ‘of o: fuzed ‘rounds, ojie is Ttaliati-and the other isa This ammunition is packed in-10-round cartons Tapancae’ copy, of it. The Japanese’ H."E. I. “nd is reloaded into meta link bolts for use. 279JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE x 7 ql SWE G7 aN tanK Set atreRarT Gi, & Hod AIRCRAFT GN TYPE ge ani -anecaart 2 att TN cok Figure 208—Type 97 anid Fyse 98 20-mm Ammunition. * Type 97 and Type 98 20-mm Ammunition There are four Army 20-mm guns using similar projectiles and three of these guns use the same cartridge case. The guns using the small size cartridge case are the type 97 antitank gun, the - Ho 1 (fexible)-and Ho 3 (fixed) aircraft. guns. ‘The type 98. antiaircraft/antitenk gun uses the large size cartridge case. Small Large Propellant: ‘The propellant is graphited smoke- . be ry hey leas powder made in single perforated cylindrical 129.9 208.3 grains approximately 1% mm in diameter and 3 Both coses are made of drawn brass and aro “mm in length. ‘The weight of the propellant in of the rimless type. ‘The case is crimped to the erie apie projectile by three long crimps and sealed by a ’ thi small case.is 35.8 grams and, in the large ease, clear lacquer. | 58.0 grams. 280 ; : eee seeARMY PROJECTILES . ' 20-mm High-Explosive Tracer Projectile Remarks: This projectile is made of steel with : . two cavities separated by @ septum. ‘The round Over-al] length: 8%« inches. is characterized by a sharp bourrelet., Length of projectile: 3'% inches. Weight of projectile: 4.54 ounces. 7 He Filling: Cyclonite, tracer composition, Type 98'20-mm High-Explosive Tracer Color end markings: Biack body with yellow Projectil band just aft of bourrelet and white band for- ward of rotating band Over-all length: 72%, inches. Fuzing: Type 93 small instantaneous fuze. ' Length of projectile: 2'%4, inches. ** “Weapons in which used: Type 08 antiaircraft/- 8 antitank gun. aces yun : x0 r : : i sercnste . 7 | Pt ctcionte : ue : . satin + | { & i YELION, I ‘| tect TE cen Ye : te Figure 209-20-mm ee Tracer Projectile Figure 210—Type 98 20 -mm High-Explosive Trocer ijectile. > eae « ‘ 3 28!JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE : 7 Filling: Cyclonite, tracer-composition, Type 100 20-mm H. E. T. (Self-Destroying) Fuzing: Type 93 small instantaneous fuze. ~ Project Color and markings: Black body with red band if ea “type 97 A/TKC Type 98 AAJA/TIC * Over-all length... 7K inches... 8's inches. forward’ of rotating bend. « AWK Tength of projec: 8%uinches,-. 8% inches ipst aft of bourrelet, green, and yellow bands (Type 98) is stenciled on the body. Weight of projec- 4.7 grams... 4.7 grams. Weapons in which used: Type 97 antitank gun. tile. Remarks: This projectile is made of steel, with Filling: Cyclonite, tracer, composition two cavities separated bysp septum. + Fuzing: Type 100 experimental projectile used - @ type 93. small instantaneous fuze; other iw Projectiles use type 100 small instantancous fuze. , Color and’ markings: Black body with red band just aft of bourrelet, green and yellow bande . forward of rotating band. Type 100 has Eee -_ oO ox stenciled on body, type 100 7 experimental be = QOH St stenciled on ‘body, and type 100 Mod 1 haa at : -oost HE stenciled on body, Weapons in which used: ‘Type 97 antitank gun. = i seus sTagr ne Type 98 ae : yeu: Remarks: The projectile is made of steel wilf——~ + two cavities separated by a septum. Leading aut roroee through the septum and into the explosive cavity is a black powder lead-in, When the Laver bas burned out it will ignite the Jeed-in win‘el will detonbte the explosive Ailing. Phere is an earlier model of this projectile, designated type 100 Experimental which does not have # self-destroying feature ‘There is also a type 100 Mod 1 which ditfers from this projectile in that it id tilled with black powder instead of eyclonite 20-mm High Explosive Incendiary Projectile Over-All length: 7'%,inebes. Length of case: 4% inches. Length of projectile: 3%¢ inches. ‘Weight of projectile: 4.48 ounces. > Figure 211—Type 100 20-mm High-Explosive Tracer Filling: Cyclonite, incendiary compositien, (Self-Destroying) Projectile, Fuzing: Type 93 small instantaneous fuze. A 282 : ‘ FE . y : i : &ARMY PROJECTILES” oe Remarks: The projectile is mado’ gf steel. ‘Tt contains two pelléts, the forward one, surrounding 2 the fuze gaine, is cyclonite while the after pellét is an incendiary mixture, -y 20-mm High-Expitotive Incendiary (Ma 201) 7 * Projectile Over-All length: 7% inches. Length of,case: 4% inches. | excuse ——rewon * ctnbiany ic | "Figure 212—20-mm High:Explosive Incendiary Projectile. Qblor and matkings: Black body with red band “just abeft bourélet, yellow band forward of rotating ban 1@ characters 7 ee (fixed or flexible machine cannon) aro stenciled down the body. ’ DARE ; _ ‘Weapéns in which used: Ho-I- (flexible) and Ho-8 Figur 213-20-mm High-Explosive licendiory,” (Gixed) aireraft-cannon, (MA 201) Projectile. . - eee "283 4 ‘ an ; “ . éJAPARESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Length of projectile: 31%, inches Weight of projectile: 3.85 ounées. Filling: P. T. . N., incendiary composition, Fuzing:, Fwzeless Coli and markings: Black body with red band abaft bogrelet. Characters SQ — (201) arg stencilled on the body. A Weapons in which used: Ho-1 (flexible) and Ho-3 (fixedy aireraft easinon. Remarks: The projectile is mado of ptecl. “A brass nose piece filled with P. E. T. N. threads into the incendiary filled projectile. “Detonation of the, projectile is accomplished hy the Grushing action of the P. E. T. N. filled"nose piece, 20-mim High- plonve Incendiary Trac rojectile Over-All Tength: 7 '% inches. * Lengih of projectile: 4% inches, Length of case: 4% ine Filling: Cycloniye, incendiary composition, tracer composition. Fusing: Type 100 smell instantaneous fuze, Color tind markings: Black body with red band just ubaft bourrelet, green and yellow bands before . rotating band. ‘ Characters” SE B Fie (flexible or fixed machine cannon) itenciled on body. a fapons., in. which used: Hog (flexible) and ° Ho- (fixed) aireraft cannon. “+: Remarks: The projectile ig made of stecl and “has two cavities, a main charge cavity anda racer cavity, separated bya septum. The main charge’ cavity contains two pellets, the forward one, fisting around ‘the fuze" gaine, is cyclonite while the after one js aa incendiary mixture. A+ sass shoe y ritce oeay : . Figure 214-20. -mem bok cplosive Incendiary Tracer Proje‘ i i ; ARMY PROJECTILES Color and inirkings: Bluek body with re bad f just abeft bourrelet, green and yellow’ bande before rotating band, Characters -ooxk = FE (type 100 Mod 2) are stenciled on body. Weapons in which used: ‘Type 98 ‘antiaircraft/ antitank gun. . Remarks: This i¢ tho same projectile’ as the type,100.and type 100 Mod ‘1 H. E. ‘T., but uitwe is“no high explosive ‘other than that used in the gaine: - S0-0m)AimorPorcis Tracer Projectile _ Type STA/TH + “Ho-t and Hot” < Overall length... “7% inches... 7 vices. Length of case... 4% inches... 4% iuctivg. Length of projec- 3%: inches... 3M; iuches. tile, Weight of projec- 6.5 ounces.__ 5.5 ounces. Type 98 AL. A/T Over-all length 88 inches Lerigth of ease. 5K inches, 7 Length of projectile 3%: inches. / Weight of projectile 22 8.6 ounces, Filling: Tracer composition. | a ° Color and marking: Hard round (type 100): black Figure 215~Type: 100 Mod 2 20-mm'l, T: body, green and white bands before rotating ; (Self-Destroving) Projectile. : beind medium-round (typo 97): hae . & ferret : 7 00 at Type 100 Mod 2 20-mm it. (Self Desnoyinig) (type 100) fieectat c stenciled on the bouy, black body; green band _ ‘Over-All length: 8'%, inches. * ” before rotating band soft. round (type 97 wub- ‘Length of projectile: 3% inched. |. stitute): .black over-all. Filing: Incendiary’ composition, tracer ‘compési- Weapons in which used: Type ¥7 antitank gua, tion, _ Ho-i (Gexible) and Ho-3 (fixed) aircraft « Fuzing: Type 100 small iistantaneous faz’, < « on, type 98 antisircreft/entivank gun . BEEee ra eee a) - ‘JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE. Figure 216—20-mm Armor-Piercing Tracer Projectile. : Ne . « Remarks: This,projectile is a solid: steel: shot with a tracér cavity drilled into the base, .This prejectile, with different colored tracers and mark: ings, is used in three guns. ‘There are-three types. ‘of rounds differing in grades of hardness’ of steel. “Ho-5 20-1 Ammonition ‘The latest Army 20-mm gun developed is tlie Ho- ajroraft gun' which is of excellent design and ahs * : representa, considerable improvement over pre- vious Army 20-inm aircraft machine guuis, Case: Length: 3*%s inches. Diameter of base: "fs inches Material; Brass, . Weight (empty): 11.5 grams.” ‘The case is of the rimlesé type'and has « slight taper toward the neck. ae Propellant: The propellant is 21.4 grams of graphited smokeless powder in fine cylindrical grains. 5 7 practice Posecrice j——-— Pore air aucins OURGE , Figure 217—HO-5 20-mm Ammunition. ‘ 'ARMY PROJECTILES -cvcuow te w a rio ( cen an TT eats ew ! i Le ‘ Au Figure 218—Type 2 ond Type 2 Modified 20-mm High-Explosive Incendiary Projectile. Type 2 and Type 2 Modified 20-mm H. E. I. 5 » Projectile Overall length: 5% inches. Length of projectile: 2% inches (fuzed). ‘Weight of projectile: 77.4 grams (fuzed): . - Weight of filling: “. Cyclonite, type 2 modified: 3.4 grams. Cyclofite, type 2: 0.4 grams, Incendiary composition: 3.7 grams. Filling: Cyclonite and incendiary composition Puxing: ‘Type 2: Type 2 Small Tnstuntanvous or type 2 sinall instaritancous modified fuze Type 2 Modified: Type 4 superdetorating fuze. Color and markings The type 2 projectile is painted Suck over alll and in some cases has & yellow bund aroused body. Type 2 modified projectile is painted silvere ‘gray over all. Remarks: The differenve between the type 2 and the type 2 modified is in the fuze” The type 2 projectile uses a fuze that has an external gaine and thus has less explosive filling than che type 2 modified projectile which uses & fuze with the gaine built into the fuze body. : . Type.4 20-mm H. E. T. (Ma 209) Projectile Over-all length: 5% inches. * Length of projectile: 2s inches. ‘Weight of projectile: 78.2 grams (fuzed). Weight of filling: OPE. T. Ni: 3.2 grams Incendiary composition: 8.7 grams Filling: P. B. T. N, and incendiary composition (barium nitrate, aluminum powder, magnesium powder, and wax). Fuzin, ‘ Color and markings: Black over all with charac- tors = Q se (202) stenciled ov ule body. Fuzeless. Remarks: ‘The projectile is made of steel with a brass nose piece threaded to it, The nose piece is filled with P. B. T.N. and is designed to explode by the crushing action of impact. An 287JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE bias nose piece PET e FECT ea. Fre 219—Type 4 20-mm High-Explosive Incendiary (MA 202)| Projectile, incendiary mixtute contained in-the steal body is separatéd from the high explosive bye fat + pad and a threaded brass dise, This disc two lead-in holes, Type 2 20-mm Armor-Piercing Tracer Projectile. Over-All length: 5% inches, - a “Length of projectile: 24 inches, 288 Weight, of projectile: Soft round: 112. 7 grams, Medium round: 116.7 grams: Hord round: 119.5 grams, Weight, of filling: 7.0 grams. Filling: Tracer composition Color tind markings: F “Soft round: black over-all. Medium round: black with green band around body. Figure 220—Type 2 neon eimai Tracer -Hard round:, Black with a green and a white ‘band around body. Characters xt (type 2) are stenciled on the body. Remarks: Thoro are threo different models of this projectile differing in the grades of hardness of the.steol. This difference is indicated by the color markings. +_ARMY PROJECTILES 20-mm Practice Projectile Over-Alll length: 5% inches. Length of projectile: 2% inches Weight 6f projectile: 61.0 grams, Filling: None, Color and markings? Black over-all Remarks: ‘The projectile approximates the shapo.of the type 2 HELL. projectile, It is unfilled and closed at the base by # threaded plug. 37-mm High-Explosive Incendiary Projectile Over-all length of projectile: 89 mm (3% inches) without fuze, Length of complete round: 197mm (7% inches) fused. ‘Diameter at bourrelet: 87-4nm (+tol.). 1 Width of rotating band: 10 mm (#4, inch). Weight of projectile Slled: 436.2 grams. Filling: Cyclonite and incendiary mixture * Weapons in which used: Ho-203 aircraft cannoh. Case: Length: 111.5 mm. Diameter at base: 47.0 mun. Weight, (empty): 226.5 grams: ‘The case is comparatively short, made of brass, end is slightly necked. Propellant: Graphited sinokeless “powder in flat 4-nim squares poured loosely into the case and sealed in with a cardboard disc. .The weight of the propellant is 50.8 grams. Color and markings: Black body, red nose band, yellow body band: Characters GroO= “(Ho 203) are stenciled on’ the body. 7 Fung: Type 100 0 gmall instantaneous fuze. Remarks: This projectile is constructed in two pieces. . It has’ a nearly straight-sided main body ‘and an ogivel-shaped nose piece which threads into-the main body. ‘The main charge is cyclonite and an incendiary mixture. The inceidiary mix- ture is pressed into the base of the cavity, with the cyclonite filling the remainggr of the cavity andthe nose piece. =. 289: JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Figure 222—37-mm High-Explotive Incendiary * Projectile. ‘There, is also an empty practice. projectile similar‘in appearance to the H. B. I. but having the nose piece and dummy, fuze constructed: in one piece. ‘The projectile is painted black over- all and. has Fa O S_ Ho 20s) and stenciled on the body. 290 37-mm High-Explosive Incendiary Projectile Over-all length of projectile: .89 aim (3% inches) without fuze. Length of complete round: 246 mmm (9*Ks inches) tured, : Diameter at bourrelet: 37 mm (<. tol.), Width of rotating band: 10 mm. Weight of projectile empty: 398.3 grams, Filling: Mixture of eyclonite and -wax and in- cendiary composition. venion | ———incenoranr conten T10H }———— orci Te - Figure 293—37-mih High-Explosive Incendiary Projectile. CopeSA ian ene iether “only one cavity into which both the. incendiary Nw . “ARMY PROJECTILES Weapons in which used: Ho 204 aireraft cannon. Case: : , Lengths 144.0 mm, see Diameter at base: 43.5 mm. ‘Weight-(empty): 381.2 grams, : ‘Tho case is of tho rimless type and is slightly necked. Propellant: Graphited sthokeless powder in flat 4mm squares poured loosely into the case and sealed in with a cardboard-disk. ‘The weight” of the propellant is 75.1 grams. Color and markings; Black body, red nose tip, yellow body band. "Characters ¥=¢qB (Ho 204) are stenciled on the body. 4 Fuzing: Type 4 super-detonating fuze. F Sea Lace bey. Remarks: ‘The ammunition for the Ho 204 . | uses the same projectile as the Ho 203 ammunition, but the caso is longer. The projectile is constructed in two pieces: a straight sided main body and an ogival-shaped nose which screws into the maig body. ‘There is and high-explosive filling are preased. : 37-mm Practice Projectile” Over-all length of projectile: 124 mm (4% inches). ‘Length of case: 144 mm (5*%s itches). Length of complete round: 247 min (9'%, inches.) Diameter at bourrelet: 37 mm (+ tol). Width of rotating band: 8 mm. ease rus 1 Fillings Sawdust. : ‘Weapons in which used: Ho 204zaireraft cannon. ‘ ‘ Color and markings: pesaeniatsaia all. Figure 224—37-mm Practice Projectile. Fuzing: None. Remarks: This projectile has the appearance of o an A. P. projectile. It ia sawdust filled apd has . ~ = the cavity closed by a base plug. 29SISSIES te JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE - 292 : i : (ARMY PROJECTILES 37-mm Ammupition ‘There are gight 37-mm antitank and tank guns, all sizes of which use the same projectiles but have different cartridge ‘cases. Presented below is in- formation on the cases and the’ propellant, Cases: : u Gun Mitinse (omni) beth Markings ditehes) (canter) (inches) ‘Type 11th year isfan- i iy tie u rene ettcet rok OEE ‘Typo 94 tan a4 |. 5% x a Be 7 + ‘Type 94 antitank’. 2K 13.0 6h ee Ba ( : Mm 130° OK Be A et Lo eo ee oom: > : ; : ek ‘Type 97 antitank** 2 151 o% : ‘Type | antitank**. he 22.7 9% : Ihe (227. O% ~ Bx ‘Binee the iype 94 antitank, type 98 tank, aid type 100 tank guna sise tha same eartridge case, canes will be found i". “marked for individual guns or for all three guts. ‘The cases for thé. type 97 and’type 1 sotitenk guns oan he distinguished by the faot:that the typé 97 is almost straight, whereas the type 1 has 4 pronounced tieck... The type I tank and type 1 antitank guns use the seme case. Propellant: : Type 1th year infantry gun: 1.85 oz. of ‘graphited smokeless powder inthe form of flakes poured into the case and sealed with a cardboard closing aise. ‘Type 94 tank gun: 2.7 oz. of graphited amoke- lesa) powder: in the form of rectangular ‘flakes. : ~] ‘Type 94 antitank gun, type 08 gun, and type 100 tank gun: 4.3 ounces’ of graphited smokeless powder in the form of unitubular grains contained ine silk bag, ‘Type 97 antitank gun; 5.0 ounces of graphited smokeless powder in the form of short, cylindrical grains contained in a silk bug. : 293JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE gee 4630, Figure 226—37-min Type 94 High-Explosive: >, Figure 297—Type 94 37-mm Armot-Pievcing ” oe Projectile, i : HighExplosive Projectile.if ARMY. PROHECTILES > : | Type 94 37-ma High-Explosive Projectile 7 7) os Type L Al. + 73 an whfix ‘skh, “ethic TRB ett eis 125 .mm 125. nim 9125 mm 125 mm 125 mm i w/o fuze. -wjo ftize. w/o tuze:*-w/o fuze." _ w/o fone, 349 mm 266 “mm. 223. mm’ 349 fam 221 mm’. e fused, tured, fuzed. ~ ftized “fuged Diameter at bourrelet_ 37 mm__ 37 mm_ 37mm, Width of rotating bind. 2° 8mm &.mg. 8 mm Simm. Weight f projectile filled: S98--gramis . \ , Over-all length of proje Length of complete ro ‘Weapons isi whichiused: AN'3; 5 Color and markings: Black body, ri noee'band, yellow Body band (some round my heve white bady bund added). E Bo Fuzing: Type 93 inal instantaneous fuze. E 7 ‘ ee Remarks: This steel projectile ig filled with ‘ TNG and picric acid. -'The after two-thirds of — : : a the' projectile cavity is filled-with high gradé-east ENT. Tho forward one-third of -the. projectile eee ‘ - cavity isefilled with pictic agid. ‘The entire burst. : fe * * ~~ ing charge is encloged in‘a heavy waxed paper : sy Heed = “ casing with » double. thickness between the ‘TNT ee qe and picrig acid charge. 2 af : woe aia Type 94 37-mm Armor-Piercing High-Explosive Projectile = pace ) Snype 94TH Type 94 ATK Type s7arR HE Overall length of proj af rim 114 mms 114 mm Lm, : w/o.fuze. w/o fuze” —_w/o,fuze. _@ w/o Ture. Length of complete round... 228 mm 262° mm = $45- mm * 228 min ha fuzed. fused. + fuzed, fuze Diameter at hourrelet . 37 mm_.-. 37 mm_ +37 mm. S)Wideh of rotating band. 9.5.mm... 9.0'mm>. 8.5mm." jpons jn-whieh used: : eae ‘i i * ', Typé 11th year Infantry gun. i ra ‘Type 9s TK gun, Z aoe Ei ‘Ty pe 94 arititank gun, ut : “Type 97 antitank gun. aoe ® : ‘Type 98 TK gun. 9 - \ + : +. ‘Type 100 TK gun. * see . Color aud markings: Black body, red idee tip, ns whiie body band,“ , Fuzing: Type 94 small-delay Bane fuse. ae : Remaiks; ‘This projectile is made'of high grade ee ee ~ : ateel.’: The main charge cavity contains’ a small i » wooderi plug in the forward portion and a paper 4 ae covered pieric acid charge aft of the wooden nose”. is .: plug. ‘The Type 94 small delay base fuze screws a ten [> fale the base’ of the projectile, ‘sao seting exe y ‘ 7 (295JAPANESE: EXPLOSIVE, ORDNANCE ae tHe Calor wud umarkings: Black-body, red none tip, white body ( 9 Paring: Small Me Iobase fuze Remarks: This projectile is constructed of high grade steel. It has no sharply defined bourrelet. Tt uses.a smatkMk 1 base fuze which also acts as bade plug. 40-mm Ho-301 High-Explasive Proje | Projectile Dimensions: * Length of yrjectite (fuged): 129 mun (5X inches) ° Tuzed.. + Length of projectile (without fuze) 108 mm (4¥ inches) » Type t 37-mm Hig! ela Prete Eee a hee Over-all length of pproigetil, 104-mm ‘w/o Fuse, * sts fuse. Length of complete round...~ 250% tse fused. fuzed, ingicter at bourrelet.. 7 mn, Wridth of routing band mu Mea of protect: 1 pou Timm uno lib Sapo. Mean i hh oe ep. Figute 229--40-mm HO-301 High-Explosive Type ot antvaak pu, : Projectile. - 296 “a :Distance base to rotating band (lower edge 415 mm ('%s inch). Width of rotating band: 8'mmp (. inch), Diameter of rotating band: 41mm (1X inches). ‘ Diameter af body: 39 mm ns inches). Diameter of bourrelét: 39.5 mm (1% inches). +, Width, of bourrelet: 6 mm (% inch). Distance base to bourrelet (lower edge): 91 mim + 3%: inches). +” Wall “thickness (propellant chamber): 5 mm CX eineh). Wall thickness (HE. chamber): 4 sam (Keine. + Length: 9 mm (i, inch); Diameter (thread): 12 mm (‘sine TPL: MLA ‘Weapon in which used: (H0,301 ) craft cannon): This isan unusual‘wéapon sintilar in’ design. to an Oerlikon’. blow-back operated eannon, but with the head of the bolt machined 3° ml Ciereauela ARMY PROJECTILES ton which closes the breech at the forward | end of ite stroke, Filling: Tho filling consists of TNT with « for- ward pellet of pieric acid or TNT.’ ? Propellant: ‘The propellant consieté of small, gteenish-gray, square flakes of smokeless powder (eppresimately 1 mm square) enclosed. in « sill bag which is inserted in the efter cavity of the projectile. A. éealing ig, of thin ayasinum. around the te end ofthe propellant bag and the charge and cup arp held’in by a perforated base, plate which screws (L.. H.) into the base of - the cavity, ‘The base plate hae an outer. ring of twelvé Xinch holes and a central hole, threaded (L:. H.} to receive the amall fish primer: ‘The aluminum sealing cup is’ perforated by 9. single hole in the'center to permit the fash fro tie .primer to reach the propéllant. “The force ofthe propellant gases blows through the alumi. num cup to ‘open the main. series of holes. simple direct-acting nose fuze ‘with a central axial striker held in .the unarmed condition by». slotted, safety block which in turfi is held, by two spring-loaded detenis. «apart: ‘There’'ig aléo a practice. projectile ‘hich has the same dimensions and appesrence te the HE, projectlo. Ils painted bisck over « all and has a nose plug instead of a fuze. - eos cs ; Type 1 47-nyn High-Explosive. Projectile ‘Weight ot round: 2.44 kg.'(6.4 pounds). ~ «Weight of, projectile (without fuze): 1.15:kg. (2.6 pounds). Weight of 0.087 kg. (0.2 pound). - : Filling: Tae papér-wrapped blocks * a taped together and waxed. The forward block 7 consista of two. pellste of ‘picric: acid—-w ring © *.- pellet around the guine and a solid’pellet be- Beat the gui, The after block is one piece of cast, TNT. © : ~ Diameter of base of case: Man (2%« inches). 140 mm.” Weapons if which used: is Z ‘Type 1 antitank gin. Length of propillaat éaee: ‘283 mm (11¥ inches). ‘Type 1 tank gun. “Length. of ‘aseeinbled | ‘round (without fuze): 389... Fusing: ‘Type 88 Inst. Nose fuze (guy type), type 88 short-delay nose fuze (gun tyme).JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE “ORDNANCE : seauins o1se { oaorEQUaNT i case ass on STEEL neo veer wir Figure 230—-Type 1 47-mm High-Explosive Projectile. Weight of propellant: 0:388 kg: (0.9 pound). Propellant Single perforated cylindrical grains ‘| , (a inch Jong, %+ inch diameter) of » graph- “ited double-base powder . of. the following : a EE composition: »Type 1 47-mm Armoi-Piercing Projectile ‘Weight of complete round: 2.75 kg. (6.1 pounds). ‘Weight of projectile, fuzed: 1.38 kg. (3.0 pounds). i (without, fuze): 1.27 kg. 0.018 kg. (0.04 pound). Filling: RDX, 90 percent; paraffin, 10 percent. Diameter at bourrelet: 47 mm. (minus tol.). Length of projectile (without fuze): 143 mm" “(GK inches).’ Length, of propellant cage: 283 min-(11} inched) Lengih’of assembled round: 398 mun (15% wba Diameter of base of case: 72 mtn (2'Ks inches) Width of rotating band: 12mm. ‘Weapons in which used Type 3 antifaak gun, type 1 tank gun. Fuzing: Small Mk 2 base fuze.(short-delay). “‘fracer: Yellow, 5 grams eight, of propellant: 0.398-kg. (0.9 pound); ‘Propellasit: Single~‘perforated cylindrical grains (Ke inich long, ¥s inch in diameter) of a graphited dopble-base powder of the following’ composition: ‘Nibrocellulose: 60.0 percent; Nitroglycerine; 34.5,percent. - . “Ethyl centralite: 3.0 percent. . = Dipheasl formamide: 2.5 poyeant, Figure 231—Type. 1 47-mm Armor Percog west Projectile.@ _ JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE ‘ . 7 ' a an i « eo TENE 8 soavrer ser sent SEALING CF ofp eur to buacr seb, suite case SEALING o1Se uo couoR systew Figure 232-Type 90 5. I en High-Explosive Projectile. Length of propellant ease: 121 mim (4% inché&) Length of assembled round (without fuzo and Type 90 5.7 em (57-mm) High-Explorive Projectile Weight of complete round: 2.91 kg. (6.40 pounds). ‘Weight of projectile, filled (fuzed): 2.36 kgs (5.18 pounds). Weight of filling: 0.25 kg. Filling: TNT. Diameter at bourrelet: 57 mm (minus tol.). Length of projectile (without fuze): 181 mm 7% inches). 7 3000 \ adapter): 280-mm (11 inches). Width of totating band; 9.5 mm. "Weapons in which used: Typé 90 tank gun, type 97 tank gun. Fusing: Type 88 short-delay fuze. Propellant: Mk 1 square grain (med.), 113"grams.t wy ARMY PROJECTILES Figure 233-—Type 90 '5.7:cm Substitute Projectile. Type 90 5.7-cm (57-mm) Substitute Projectile © ‘Weight of complete round: 3.04 kg. (6.70. pounds). “Weight of projectile, filled: 2:23 kg. (4.91 pounds). Weight of filling: 0.07 kg. Filling: Black powder. i Diameter at bourrelet: 57 mm. (2} inches). Length of projectile (without fuze): 183mm (7% inches). ~ Length of propgbiant case: 121 mm (4¥, inches). Length of assembled round (without fuze): 272 mm (10 ‘is inchés). Width of rotating band: 9.5 mm. ‘Weapons in which used: Type 90 tank gun, type 97 tank gun. fr Puring: Type 88 short-delay fuset Propellant: MK 1 sq. grain (med), 113 grams. Remarks: This projectile is made of cast iron and has very thick walls, 301Type 99 5.J-em (57-nttn) Armor-Piercing Protestile” Weight of eomplete rourid: 3.13 kg" (9.69 pounds): Weight of projectile, filled. ¢fuzed); 2.58 kg. (5.68 * pounds). ‘Weight of filling: 0.10 kg. Filling: Two sections, of atMosives sdaividunly ‘whapped in'paper: Upper section, pressed picrie acid and waxzlower section, cast TNT. Diameter at bourrelet: 57 im (ninus tol.). 302 t “ ASE FUE (0-THACER) Seeing 0i8c Figure 234—Type 92 5.7-cm Armor-Piercing Projectile. aio, coun sesteu? oe Langth of projctle (without fuze sdapter): 1 mm (7% inches). * Length,pf propellant case: 12) mm (4% inches). Length of assembled round: 280 mim , (11M ‘imches). Width of rotatifig band:\10 mm. 4 Weapons in which used: Type 90 tank gun; type + 97 tank guri,. + Fuzing: Type 92 small ase fuze. Propellawt: Mk 1'sq. grain (med.), 113 grams.Figure 235—S7-mm HO-401. High-Explosive Proje 57-mm Ho-401 High-Explosive Projectile Weight of complete round: 2.15 kg. (4:75 pounds). Weight of projectile, filled (fuzed); 2.58 kg. (3.25 pounds). Weight of filling: No date. ~~ Filling: No date. Diameter at bourrelet: 57 mm (2% inches). . i ARMY PROJECTILES EXPLOSIVE CHERGE «Length of projectile (without fuze): 163 mm (6%. inches). Length of propellant case: 121mm (4% inches) Length of assembled round: 270 mm (10% inches), Width of rotating band:' 11 mm. ‘Weapons in which used: Ho-401 aircraft, cannon. Fuzing: No data. Propellant: ‘No data. 303JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Assen Ker sone cae I Ti ante aac Ht DLs £C10R 5 57H sexuin he 4 Figure 236—Type 92 7-cm High-Explosive Prd ile. Type 92 T-cm (70-mm) High- Explosive rojectile Weight of complete round: 4.48 kg. (9.90 pounds). Weight of projectile fuzed: 3.81 kg. (8.38 pounds). - Weight of filling: 0.59 kg. 7 : - +, Length -of projectile (without fuze): 234 (9% Standard, cast TNT. inches). Alternate, pressed mixture of RDX afid am- © Length of propellant case: 101 mm (4 inches) monium nitrate. Length of aisembled round (without fuze): 306 mm Diameter at bourrelet: 70 mm (minus tal): (12K inchee). 304 ; . : aeDiameter of base of case: 81 mm (3X1 inches) Width of rotating band: 10 mmn. Weapons in which used: Type 92 (howitzer). Fuzing: ‘Type 88 instantaneous nose, fuze (howitzer, ‘mortar type) ‘Type, 88 short-delay nose fuze (howitzer, mortar type). : Propellant: 50 grams of smokeless powder in 0.5 mm square flakes. This powder is contained in four pads made by sewing portions of the powder between two dark blue silk discs. The dises are not of uniform size, holding 5.4, 8.9; 16.8, and 18.7 grams of powder each. A fifth disc, light blue in color, contains a 3.1 “gram black powder ignition charge. ‘The propellant cases are of two designs, ‘The newer type, designated “B” (OTSU) dy the Japanese, is one piece and ‘lips off of the projec tile to change the propellant charge. An-older design, presuniably “A” has a threaded base which may be unscrewed to vary the charge. Remarks: ‘This projectile is the same as the high-expiosive, type 92, used in the type 94 tank gun, : infantry gun Type 92 T-cm (70-mm) Substitute Projectile Weight of complete round: No data. Weight of projectile fazed: No data. : Weight of filling: No data. Filling; Black powder. Diameter at bourrelet: 70 mr (minus tol.). Length of projectile (without fuze): 187 mm (7% inches). : ‘Length of. propellant case: 101 mm (4 inches). Length of assembled round (without fuze): 259 mm (10%, inches). si Diameter of base of case: 81 mm (3X inches). Width of rotating band: 10 mm. . » Weapons in which used: Type 92 infantry gun (Howitzer). Fusing: : ‘Type 88 instantaneous nose fuze (howitzer, mortar type).: ‘Type 88 shortclay nose fuze (howitzer, mortar type). Propellant: Refer to the type 92 high-explosive projectile. : : “Weight of complete round: No data. ARMY PROJECTILES "Figure 237—Type 92 7-cm Substitute Projectile, Type 37-cm (70-mm) Hollow-Charge Projectile Weight of projectile (without fuze): (2.80 kg.) 6 pounds, 4.75 ounces. ‘Weight of filling: (0.99 kg.) 1 pound. Filling: A cast mixture of ‘TNT’ snd, Gyclonite (RDX) wrapped in varnished paper Diameter at, bourrelet: 69.5 mun (24%, inches) 305acy eco awit CONICAL STEEL LINC * tay Fase cen a re eso ane cxguente Poe sTaNs case "at Figure 238—Type 3 7-cm Hollow-Charge Projectile. Length over all (without fuze): 229 mm (@ inches). Length protruding’ from case: 186 mm. (7"%. inches). Length of projectile body without nose cap: 170 » mm (6*%. inches). Width of rotating band: 10 mm. Weapons in which used: ‘Type 92 infantry gun (howitzer). Fuzing: Type. 88 instantaneous fuze (howitzer, mortar\ type). Operation and Employment: ‘This robnd is used principally as an anti-tank ‘weapon, 306 Y Remarks: ‘The use of « white band above « yellow bund to idéntify hollow charge projectiles is assumed ta be a combination of thie ase of awhile band for armor-piercing and yellow band for" hits explosive in the new color system, Both Danes are near the middle of the projectile ‘This arrangement is not to be comfused with the combination of yellow band above white band to identify high explosive projectiles in the old color system, in which case the yellow band is at the bourrelet and the white band just above the rotating band. ~ Type 95 7-em (70-mm) Illuminating Projectile Weight of complete round: 4.20kg. (9:24 pounds). Weight of projectile, fuzed: 3.50 kg. (7.79 pounds). Weight of filling: No data. Filling: Ejection charge: Black powder. Tlumminating composition: Not known. 1t is probably a mixture of magnesium, alumi- Thum, ‘and barium nitrate which is used commonly by the Japanese for illuminut- ing charges. Diameter at bourrelet: 70 mm (minus tol.) Length of projectile (without fuze): No data. ‘Length of propellant case: 101 mmi (4, inches). Length of assembled round (without fuze): 292 mim (11% inches). Diameter of base of case: 81 mm (3%. inches). Width of rotating band: No date. Weapons in which used: Type 92 infantry gun (howitzer) Fuzing: Type 89 small time fuze. Propellant: 0.6-mm' square flakes (50 grains) Bither of the propellant cases discussed for the HE. found may be used for this round Remarks: The ijluminating charge burns for approximately 20‘ecohds with an intensity of * about 90,000 tandlepower.ac ARMY PROJECTILES * » a Lack sopy : 4 sos! SET SCREW EJECTION CHARGE, REINFORCING WIRE ULLUMENATING CHARGE PARACHUTE PROPELLING CHARGE INCREMENTS» "| EALING DISC 4 * OW COLOR srsTEM * Figure'239—Type. 95. 7- Strip 600g. 174g). $008. No data... Mk 1 Flat Mk 3 Med. vole Mk 2 Flat. : Strip Fiat Sirip Sip 600g. * 260 : cee Mkt Flat 7 Strip 075 6. - Nodate... Mk 1 Fat” Strip 600 g. - Nodata.... Mk 1 Fat’... ‘Strip : i 600 8. : < . HB, (conv'’a) ‘Type No data... Nottate.<. 98 (Moain. ig J Noidate... Mk 1 Flat, = Grain 7 Strip ise 5 p LE. Bemi,§t. Type HR, “Semi-8t Tee Mkt 8a, Undet.:... + Grain‘ e - It ; - - z He "ARMY PROJECTILES Sl + ARMY 7-CM (75-MM) COMPLETE ROUNDS—Continued : ee Propellant charge used for various guns ‘Type 90 tela “Mic 1 Flat Me 1 Flat Strip Burlp 00g. 655.8, Shrapnel Type 90 "Smoke (W. P) Type ‘Undet. * smoke (W.P) Type 00. “Mk 1 84. (Sq. Giain Mk 1 Flat -Mk 1 Flat : Grain 320g) Strip ‘Siip : 265 g. a 600 g.. 655 ¢. ot BEEEe No date... No data... No data. Incendiary (Non-liquid) No data. “Type 90. Ue : Muminasing Type 90.. Mk 1 Sq: No data... Mic 1 Med, cee | Gmins Flat. Steip 28g, _ 135 6. “ Mk 1 Med. Bu. Gran > "Target Type 11¥r (- i sae : 1608 Incendiary (Liquid) © (Sq. Grain ‘Type Undet. 265 g.). Voruit Gas'Type Undet. No data... No data... "MEY, Blank signifies that the indiated combination of projectile and propellant ease has either been recovered nor f 6 found Japanese documents. [No data” indlentes that this combination ia listed i docussenta or haa been rerovered, but that no infurnation on ‘he propellant in available, « @ Weg Neel ee peer . BIT, Pept . i Nae ce } ar Htste snes, eTemaron Figure 247—7:em High-Explosive Antiaircroft Projectile: T-cm (75-mm) H. EWA. A. Projectile ‘The drawing given here in basgd on « Japanese 1 Inbelled only “Circular-layered projectile.” The projectile n of apparent Tamm size and the body ap- pears to be made Up of numerous steel rings bolted together with sovers! bolts which are grooved at Intervals “to produce better fraguientation. This projectile is believed to be the same re- ferred to in other documents as “H. E-A. A. Projectile” for the eee lith-year field A. A, gun. 318: : 4 vee * the following applies only if this presumption is correct. Weight of projectile, filled (taza) (14.52 pounds). Filling: “ONA,” a mixture of picric acid apd dinitronaphthelene, Fuzing: Type 10-year A. A. powder time fuze. Weapons in which used: Type 11-year field. Av A. gun, 2 6.60 kg.. : ARMY PROJECTILES » “auxseusnr ewe Le japan rn scccres veut Vata cusege ae ‘uo ccuce syste! ‘ o losive Anti Loop Pointed Projectile, Type 90 7-cm (75-mm) H. E.-A. A. Long. “Lengthe projecting from case: de mm (7'% . Pointed Projectile -_inehes). ‘Width of forward rotating band: 9°5'mm. Weight. of projectile, filed CENT): 6.55 kg. Width of aftér rotating band? 8.5 mm. (14.37 pounds). Width of space between rotating bands: 6.4 mm. ‘Weight of filing: 0.385 kg. (0.85 pound). Width of copper bourrelets 14 mm. Filling: Standard, TNT cast directly into lncquer- “ Distance from base to after edge of .bourrelet: ed cavity (recovered); alternate, picric acid’ _ 140 mm. (documentary evidence). + Fuzing: Type 89 long:pointed powder time fuze’ Diameter at, bourrelet: 75 mm (minus tol.). fn nose. An auxiliary fuze armed by setback Length May (without fuze): 257 mm (10% - and centrifugal foree is used immediately below inches} the time fuze. 319, : + JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORONANCE ee * Weapons in which used: * ie ( ‘Type Uth-year 7.5-0f field A. A. gub : ‘Type 88 7-cm field A. A. gun, case, 19% i inches, : : : > ‘Type 88 7~cm field A. A. gun (epecial), case, > 19% inches. — 7 | . ° : rotggns ATTEN 7 ai - miler vicocrTy | 0 smn sravee “hrae wanin . : ‘i ae = i : Figure 249—Type 90 7-cm High-Explosive Long-Pointed: Projectile. 320 . .is). Weight of filling: 049 Filling: “eovered).y Diasiieter st bourrele}: 75. mm {mints tol.).” Length ‘over: all Lsaphout fi fuse): ares arn aH + Indi ted by F ra patted on body. : imates i ‘ Jw) Ii my E. Long-Pointed (oithout fuze) (INT): 1.08, pounds). pi ard, TNT came diréetly into'a lacquered cs cavity, (documentary). Alternaté,’\“HEINED” caioplon die toe , 7 ARMY PROJECTILES iat-of the; type’ 90" long:pointed: Ay AA projectile, when the A.A.’ time fuze is installe x inches): ‘The. proje Also ‘used for other weapons, as Length’, protruding “from. “es rg mm. (10%, shawn below. : y inches). | Weapoas i Which Used: : Width of slating bands: "Type $8 field A.A” (special), -case,” T9Me inches:.* te ( _ “Type 8 delay (gun). “SOperation and eniployment: It ie bélieved this projectile was: designed ‘primarily to tadapt the ‘type 88, 75mm, high velocity: A. A: gu'to a duel- purpose field gun "G. e., for air and -ground’ tar- sels). The baie fri ofthis projectile sppro _ Type 38 field gun grdup (four wEapons), ease, 41% itiches, a Type 90 field gir ‘Type'94 mountain gun. , tase 168% inches.” - Remarks; Whtn this ‘projectile isensed, for ibe, ‘in the typo.88 field’ A\-A. gun ‘(special), “ “Type 94 Tem (78-mm) Hi Explore * eee rojectile pet pea : * Weight‘of projectile, filled, (TINT): 6.02 ie cc unds); an ’ Diameter at bourrelet: 15 mum (mina ioe ite ; ae Tata over-all ‘orlthons ‘tomy: 303. mm" (11'%e - af ing 081 hg. 0.78 jonas Mn E Wfeduced » propelling charge is used. - This’ reduced- charge is indicated “by a Roman numeral {1 the case. > neiled on. 32JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE: 6 Fuzing: Type 88 instantaneous noie fuze (gun type); type 88 short-delay nose fuze (gun type): ‘Weapons in which used: ‘Type 41 mounlain gun (regimental gun): = Case,.7% inches. ‘Type 94 mountain gun: Case,11%s inches. ‘Type 38 field gun group: Case, 11s inches. ‘Type 88 field: A. A. gun: Case, 19% inches. Typo 88 field A. A. (epecial) gun: Case 19%e inches, ‘Type 90.field gun: Case, 164 inches. 322 po ft xs ooo marks: Two other designs. essentially the same as the type 94 are known: ~ 1. H. E,, type 10 year. 2. HE. , type 90. ‘These have the same over-all length as the type 94, and have the same external form and general construction except for the following fe 1. The explosive cavity does not taper in the base as in the type 4, but is suraight-sided. 2. The slight. boat-tail present on the type 94 is absent in the other designs,1g: 3. Below the rotating’ band in the type 10-year design only, there is an annular groove into which the ease is erimped. T-cm (75-mm) Design “A” High-I Explosive Projectile Weight of projectile, filled: 6.46 kg. (14.2 pounds). Weight of filling: -0.625 kg. (1.38 pound). Filling: “ONA", a mixture of picric acid and dinitronaphthalene, in two preformed blocks. Diameter at bourrelet: 75 mm (minus tol.). Figure 251—7:¢m Design “A” High-Explesive Projectile. ARMY PROJECTILES 1 ate czrenates Length over all (without fuze): No data. Length protruding from case: No’ date, Width’of rotating band: No data. Fusing: Type d-year combination time and impact fuze. + Weapons in which used: aH ‘Type 41° mountain gun (regimental gun) Case, 74 inches. . ‘Type 94 mountain gun: Case,’ 11%« inches. Type 38 field gun group: Case, 11% inches. Remarks: ‘This is an old projectile and is now obsolete. Etepp tee _oeronaton. aoserens | }———soosten we» soosren * fp—— way crane” Figure 252—7-m Design “B” : Th (15-mm) Design “B" High-Explotive Projectile - Weigne f projectile, filled: 6.61 kg. (14:6 pounds). Weight if filling: 1.24 pounds. Filling! ““ONA", a mixture of picric acid and dinitronaphthalene in two preformed blocks wrapped as a single unit, Diameter at bourrelet: 75 mm (minus tol.), Length over all (without fuze): 12% inches. Length protruding from case (without fuze): 10% inches. ‘ 324 ~ = tit . High-Explosive Projectile. *, Width of rotating band: No date. Fuzing: Type 88, instantaneous nose fuze (gun type); type 88, short-delay nose fuze (gun type). ‘Wegpons in which used: 2 Type 41 mountain, gun (regimental gun): Case, 7M inches. = Type 94 mountain gun*-Caso, 11% inches. ‘Type 38 field gun group: Case,-11%s inches., - Remarks; This is an old projectile and is now * obsolete.Type 98 Modified 7-cm (75-mm) High- Explosive Projectile * Weight of projectile, filled: 4.5 kg. (9.9 pounds). Weight of filling: 0.95 kg. (2.1 pounds) Filling: TNT cast directly into lacquered cavity, Diameter at bourrelet: 75 mim (minus tol.) Eength over all (without fuze): 279 mm (11 inches) Length protruding from case: 240 mm (0¥, inches). Width of rotating band: 10 myn. ARMY PROJECTILES Fusing: Type 88 instantaneous nose fui ty] type 88 ‘short-delay nose fu: type) : “Weapons in, which used: © ‘Type’ 41 mountain. gun (regimental guy): Case, 74 inches, ‘Type 38 field gun group: Case, 11%, inches. : Remarks: The body of this projectile was designed® for use as shrapnel projectile employ- ing a large combination fuze. In the convested form, the projectile is filled with TNT instead of deur (yun 3 ae 7 F fs ccaunc tir} fami jaune a : jase cots ; j———eeten Wit \ . ain oven pe, nee i 5 : ; Lt : r < . Cr PR MORAU SSE Sat, at 7 igure 253—Type 98 Modified 7- eate hollow-charge design. 3 In the earlcet rounds found, the projectiles ‘1 were marked by a yellow band around the middle of the body, indicating “High-Explosive” accord-_ * ing to the new color system: Later Teooveried ARMY PROJECTILES eco) indicate the adoption of the combination of. white band, used to indicate “ArmorPiercing,” to- gether with the yellow band. Both bands appear jear the middle af the body. This arrangement ia not to be confused with the use, in the old color system, of a yellow band above a white baad-for marking “High-Explosive” projectilesEXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE 7 ee ee u‘\ JAPANESE x 9001 i x : vain cowie“ . © we “veuwow 7 ee Lh Figure 259—Trie 95 Tem Armot Piercing High-Explosive Projectile. Type $ Tem (75-1 mm) Agmor-Piercing “. Width of rotating band: No data. High-Explosive Projectile _ + Fuzing: Type 95-small. bese fuze. : Weapons in which’ used: Weight of projéttile, filled (fused): 6.21 kg. Type 41 mourtain gun (regimental gun) Case, 7 inches. (13.66 pounds). ‘Type 38 field gun group: Case, 11% inches Weight of filing: 0.46 kg. (1.01 pou Filling: “ONA” @ mixture of pieric acid dnd’ . ‘Type 90 field guut: Case, 161i inches ‘dinitronaphthalene. _ ‘Type 94 mountain gun: Cuse, 11 he inches Diameter at bourrelet; 75,0 mm (mipus tol.). Type 88 7 cm field A. A. gun (pecial) Length over all (without fuze): No data. , : ‘Case, 19%. inches. Length ‘protruding from case: 265.5 mm (10%« Penetrating power: When used in the type 41 inches) motintain gun this projectile is designed to pene>} trate 20 mm of stect plate at a:maximura range of 3,000 meters. wo Remarks: ,By. design, this projéctile is intended for a functidn intermediate between that of ARMY PROJECTILES + E. projectiles and true armor-picreing types. For this reason the Japanese designate it “A. P,- HED APB. E. Projects are painted like the H. E. rather than the A. P. class. ‘ Type 17cm (75-mm) ‘Armor-Pietcing Projectile Weight of projedtile, ‘filled (faded): (14.4 pounds). 6.56 kg. Weight of projectile, empty (without fuze and , ' gaine): 6.14 kg. (1335 pounds), Weight of filling: 0.053 kg. (0.12 Filling: junds), Ajgnixture of,90 percent cyeforiite (R D X) and 10 percent paraffin, coated with graphite e.: and packed in an akiminum foil wrapper. 331JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE » Dixmeter'at bourrelet: 75.0 mm (minus tol.). Length over all (without fuze): 240.0. mm (Gs inches). Length puptruding from case: 200.0 mm (7Ke! inches). Width of rotating band: 10.0 mm, Fuzing: Medium Mk I base fuze (short delay) with red tracer. a Operation and-employment: This projectile, was evidently developed to adapt the type 41 and type 94 guné for use as antitank weapons. Weapons in which used: ‘Type 94 mountain gun: Case, 11% inches. Type 41 mountain or reginiéntal gun: Case, 7H inches ‘Type 90 field'gun: Case, 161%, inches. ‘Type 38 field gun, group: Casey, 11%. inches. Remarks:, Identical projectiles; all with tracers have been’ found marked with either a single white band near the middle of the body or with white-and-green double band (green in conjunction with another band indicates presence of tracer). It is believed that this represents optional marking in the now system rather then old and new mark- ing. : * "Type 38 T-em (75-mm) Shrapnel Projectile ’ : Weight of projectile: 6,88 kg. (15.0 pounds). Bursting charge: 0.10 kg. (0.22 pound). Black powder contained in. the base of the projectile and ine central brass tube... « Diameter at bourrelet: 75 mm (minus tol.), Length over alll (without, fuze): 250 mm (0% <% inehés). © Length protruding from easc. (without fuze): 188 mm (7% inches). width’ f rotating band: No ate, soa Fuzing: 2 tute, “ew fuze. ‘Weapons in which use Case; 7% inches, eaters ._ Type th year eoimbination time and impact 7 ‘Type 3d year Cue tite and impact type 94 mountain gun: Case, tins inches. ‘Type 38 field gun group: Case ,11%s inches. + Type 90 field gun: Case, 16H inches.- Remarks: “All guns except type'90 field gun and type 94 mountain gun use the typa 3d year fuze ‘in thie projectile. Typé 90 field gun uses type . : */ either fuze, Sth your fuze only; type 9f mountain gun uses _; ARMY PROJECTILES iss oat ree ‘ ae no o inte Buistone HAGE (BACK PONDER) . . Figure 260—Type 38. 7-em Shropnel Projectile: Type 90 7-em (7! S-mm) Shrapnel Proj - Weight of projectile, filled: 7.00 kg. (15.4 pounds). : Bursting ‘charge: 0.100 kg. (0.22 pound). Black ia * ‘powder contained in base of the projectile and in.a central brass tube. Shrapné) filling: Approximately’ 272 lead bal (20.5 grams each) packed in a rosin matrix. ‘The balls are separated from the bursting chiarge in the basé by a steal disk which rests on a shoulder in the projectile cavity. a 333JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Figure 261—Typd 90 Diameter at bourrelet: 75 mm (minus tol.). ‘Length. over all (without fuze): 285, mm (0% inches). Length protrtiding from ease (without fuze): 197 mm (7% inches). Width of rotating band: 10 mm. Fuzing: Type 5th year combination time and impact fuze. 7 334 cura TURE (BLACK #CW0ER) 7-com Shrapnel Projectile. : Weapons in which used: Type 41 mountain gun (regimental gun): Case, 7% inches. ‘Typo 04 mountain gun: Case, 11%. inches. ‘Type 38 field gun group: Case, 11% inches. ‘Type 00 Beld gun: Case, 16%. inches. “eb‘T-cm (75-mm) Smoke (W. P.) Projectile Weight of projectile, filled: No dutar Weight of bursting charge: No data, Bursting charges: Black powder in base, of pro™ jectile. Filling of* central exploder tube. is eprobably also black powder." Chemical agent: White phosphorus in a sealed ‘can which slips into the cavity of the projectile and through which passes te exploder tube f ARMY PROJECTILES Diameter at bourrelet: 73. man (anitues tol.) _ Longth over all (without fuze}: No data Length protruding fron ease (without fuze): Np data. Width of rotating band: No data. Fuzing: Type 3d ycar combination time and impact fuze ‘This projectile appears to be & con- verted type 90 shrapnel projectile!” Figure 262--7-cm Smoke (W. P.Wirojectile. ’ Tre Prespuots conranen” - cea. exreoit Tt « 335” - JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE __ 2 soAeEH SE Sega neab oF PROSE HAE Figure 263—Type 90 7m Smoke (W. P.) Projectile. Type 90 7-cm(75-mm) Smoke (W. P.) Projectile. ary ‘Weight of projectile, filled:'5.72 kg. (12.60 pounds) Bursting, charge: 0.10 kg. (0.22 pound). “ONA", ‘8 50-60 mixture of picric acid and dinitro- naphthalene, in a preformed, paper-wrapped block. Chemical agent: 700 grams. White phosphorus «sealed, in a soldered brass can which fitg into the lacquered cavity below the burating charge. Diameter at bourrelet: 75 mm (minus tol.).Length over all (without fuze): 202 mm (114" inches). Length projecting from case. (without faze) 253 u ‘mi (10 inches). “ : Width of rotating band: 10 mm. 5 Fuzing: Type 88. instantaneous hosp fuze (gun ‘type). Weapons in which used: Type 41 mountain gun (regigental gun): Case, 7% inches. ‘Type 94 mountain gun: Case, 11%. inches. ‘Type 38 field gun group: Case, 11% inehes ‘Type 90 field gun: Case, 16% inches Screening capacity (Japanese figures): + Height, 20 meters. Width, 20 meters. Duration, 1 to 2 minutes. Type 90, 7-cm (75-mm) Incendiary Projectile Waighit of projectile, filed (with fuse): 6.4 be (15.3 pounds). Weight of expelling charge: 20 gram Weight of incendiary composition: Expelling charge: Black powder. josition: Not determined. ‘5 min (minus tol.). Length of projectile (without fuze): No data. J Length protruding from cate (without fuze): 213° mm (8% inches.) Width of rotating band: No data, Euzing: Type 5th year modified combination fuze (gun). ‘Weapons'in which ‘used™, ‘Type 41 mountaitkgun: Case, 7¥%-inehes. Type 94 mountain Gun: Case, 11X¢ inches. Type 38 field gun group: Caso, 11X¢ inches. ‘Type 90 field gun: Case,.16*H, inches, Operation: After a preset time.or on impaci, the combination fuze fires the expelling charge. This forces the incendiary unit out the base of thé'pro- jectile and at the same time ignites it. Information pertaining to the ‘incendiary uit is lacking, but the burning compound is apparently. dry, com- position. 0 grams. ARMY proiechites Sows + fee we cote ot i como CENDIAY OMIT CADE INCENDIARY cou - Ser ScHeM Figure 264 Tie 90 Z-m Incendiary Projectile «Remarks: According to the néw marking sys tem, this projectile is painted gs follows: Yellow _ body with the symbol © stenciled near the middle.TT x Sree mate it | Figure 265—Type 90 7-cm Mluininating Projectile. Type 90 7-cm (75-mm) Illuminating Projectile, Weight. of projectile, filled (fuzed): 5.65 kg. (12.44 pounds). # Weight of illuminating. ; gompound: 0.25 kg. (0.55, pound). Filling: 4 Wxpeljing change, black powder. Tluminating compound, nof known. (A: . common illuminating compound used by the Japanese is a mixture of barium nitrate, magnesium and aluminum.) Diameter at bourrelet: 75.0 mm (minus tol.) Length over all (without fuze): No data. Length * protruding from case: 210.0 mm (8% inches). Width of rotating band: No data. i Fuzing: Type 5th year combination fuze. Weapons in whic! used: ’< ‘Type 41 mountain gun: Case, 7% inches, ‘Typp 38 field gun group: Caso, 11Xs inches. 90 field gun: Case, 16H inches. Type 94mountain gun: Case, 11% inchs.Remark#®1. Japanese figures state that this illuminating charge burné with gn intensity of approximately 90,000 candlepower, for « period of 20 seconds. * 2. Acgording to the'new marking system; this projéctile’is ‘painted as follows: Red body with the symbol @ stenciled near the middle. Under the old marking system, it was painted black over all-with the s#ine symbol stenciled on the body. ARMY PROJECTILES ~ Type’11 Year 7-cm (75-mm).Target Projectile Weight of projectile, filled (ized); 5.04 kg. (11.10 pounds): Filling: Folded ‘parachute and’shrouds in eard- ard cylinder. Diameter at bourrelet: 75.) mm (minus tol) Length over-all (without fuze): 271 mm (104 inches). . Length protriiding from case: No data. Width of rotating band: 10mm, Fuzing: Type 10th, year A.A. time (weak). © Weapons in which used: ‘Type-Ii-year fidld A. A. gua! Case" length ‘not known. ‘Type 88 field A. A. gun? Case; 10% inches. Remarks: Projectiles dosignated “Target” in Japanese Army nomenclature are believed to be actual parachute-suspended aerial targets for anti- aircraft practice, ‘Phe drawing and the dita given « here are from captured documents. ‘Though oper= ‘ation was nol described, it is presuined that the tine fuzgejects the parachute at the desiredaltitude and that the projectile body remains attached us a weight. The descenging parachute ther serves us? a target for A. A. fire. No ejection charge-oth -than thé magazine charge in the fuze is indicate the document, and the fuze is designated as "Tes assumed that this arrangement is intended to deayase,the force of explosion to the minimuin nécessary to eject the parachyte Color marking: ‘Black hody, no color bands, the symbol ©. siencilled near the. midile of ‘the body. | Tem (75-mm) Liquid incendiary Projectile Mited (tuted): 5.36 ky. (11.78 Weight of projectile pounds). Bursting charge: A standard. 40-gram booster (fine geanular picrie acid in paper container) serves as the only birsting chiatge. Incendiary filling: A solution of white phosphorus (W. P.) and.rubber pellets in carbon disulphide (C8). : Liquid: 0:30 kg. (0.66 pound). Rubber pellets: 0.32 kg. (0.70 pound), Diameter at bourrelet: 75 mm:(minus tol.). Length over-all without, fuze and adapter: 300 sam (11% inches)... 3391.0 5p. SUTIOH Length protruding from case: 242 ‘mm (9% __~~ itiohes):, ‘Width of rotating-band: 10 mm. Fuzing: ‘Type 88 instantaneous fuze (gun type). ‘Weapons in which used: f “Type 41 mountain gun or regimental gun: ‘Case, 7% inches. is : ‘Type 94 mountain gun: Case, 11% inches. cee race PETS : ory" pont ' Petals Ng Figure 287—7-omLigeldlicendtory Projet. ‘type 36 field gun group: Case, 11%¢ inches. ‘Type 90 field gun: Case, 16%X, inches.” Rerarks:’ Because of the danger’ of loaking phosphorus solution, these projectiles are shipped with o bag of clay-like, diatomaceous earth tied ‘round the nose end. It is’ presumed that this is intended as ati absorbent should leakage occur.Tem (15-mm) Vomit.Gor Projectile ‘Weight of projectile, filjpd (without fuze): 0.00 kg. “(13.25 pounds.) “Bursting charge. A mixture of '70 percent, txini- : frothing and 2 péonnt naphthalene @Naph- sau Sbalane io probsbly wed ‘to.decrease sensitivity TNT): 46 kg. (1.02 Ibs.) ' filling: (Crude, ‘eben, our "he 831 pun os een Pe 34-7 Vot Co Pte. : i * inmate et bourrlets'78.0 xan (eit, l.) ‘Length éover all (without fuze): 300 mm (12 * inches.) Length froiruding from case? 265.0:mm cox “inobes.) Width of rotating bend: 6:0 fam (K inch.) Fuzing: Type 88 instantaneous fuze. . ‘Weapon int which used: Type. 41" Fgimental or | mountaifr gun: Case, 74 inch, asarakese EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE i ~ Type 100 8-cn(88-mm) High-Explosive-A. A. Long-Pointed Projectile ‘ight of complete round: Not available “pounds (approximate). Weight of @upty projectile (with auxiliary fuze): 7A kg. (16.3 pounds), Veight of filling: 0.9 kg..(2 pounds). ing: TNT. i Disineter at hourrelet: 88 mm (minus tol. ). 342 « ae nt of complete projectile (vith fuze): 19:6. = shiver Figure 269—-Type 400 8.cm HightExplesive Antiaicratt Long-Polnted Projectile. Length of” projectile 298 mm ‘11'5{e inches), Length of propellant ease? 570 man (22% Length of assembled round (without fuze): 804 mam (31% inches) Diameter of buse of cusé: Width of rotating bid Forward: & min (fs inch) Aft: 8 mm (ie inch) ‘Distance between rotating bands; 6 mm (¥ inch). (without faze) ues 100 nim (4 inches “ease! aa ogg: 6 aHARMY “PROJECTILES > Fusing: Type 100 mechanieu! “tints fude (come bisintion time and impact) with on wuxilisiey detonating fuze. "Phe auxiliary fuze is the _samg as that used in thé Tem (75mm) A. ALA. pr é type 90. 2 Wenpons used: Type 99 S-em “A. : gun, This is"a.gun modeled after ono. of 88. aim gus Length 567 mm (22% inches). / Diameter at base: 137 mm (4% inches). | is made’ of* drawn brass and is, ed for about 2% inches above the Fim: It is @ rimmed ease with , alight taper anda bottleneck Propellant: No. 16 cylindrical, 7930 grams (6.1 Pawids.) 9-gm (90-mm) High-Explosive Projectile Be | Weight of projectile, filled:,7.79 ie. (t7A3 | “pounds). Weight of filling:+0.59 kg. (1.3 pounds). Filling: Crude TNT. : Diameter at bourrelet: 90 mm (3/343 inches). > Lenigth over all (without fuze): 265.1 mm “(106 » inches), | - «-Leuigth’ of projectile, body -(without. nose piece}: 209.6 mm (8% inches). Length’ protruding from case + (without fuze) + Width of Rotating Band: No date Fuaing - ‘Type 88 instantaneous nose fuze (lowitzer- mortar type). mortar type). Weapon ii which uséd: This is an sntiquated +1.) ° Weapon classified as.a-mortar by the-Japanese by virtue of length of -tube, mbzale velocity, etc., buy bearing only @ remote resemblance to other Japanese: mortars. Tt is breech-loadinig, using an interrupted thread breechblick, and e1iiploys’ projectiles embodying the conventional features of design of edmmon, breech-loading artillery pieces. Remarkg: ‘The body of this projectile is painted black over-all. ‘There is, @ shallow groove im- mediately. below. ‘the bourrelet_ which : may be: Painted yellow or green, 4. . ey, ‘Bype 88° short-delay nose fuze Chowitaer- yeUion 9-cm (90-mm) High-Explosive Semisteel ° Projectile “Weight of projectile, filled: 7.86 kg. (17.3 pounds). © Weighs of fing: 0.65 kg. (1.42 pours) fine n bourree: 20 ro (3% inches). Length over all (without fuze): 263.5 mm "(10% inches). : 343“ JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE ao ce) Figure 271—9-cm HishExplesive Serii-Steel Projectile. Length protruding from case’ (without ‘fuze): 246.1 mm (9X inches). Width of rotating band:.15.9 mm (% inch). Fusing: oo : ‘Type 88. instantaneous nose fuze (howitzer- “mortar type). 7 Type 88 short delay nose “mortar type). |, Weapon in which used: This is an antiquated weapon classified as a mortar by the Japanese “344 : c fuze (howitzer- oh by virtue of length of tube, muzzle velocity, etc., but bearing only @, remote resemblance to other Japanese mortars. It is breech-loading,. using ‘an interrupted thread breechblock, and em- ployingg projectiles embodying the conventional features of design of common _breecl-loading artillery, pieces. : : ~ Resharks: The'projectile is painted black over~ all) with a inch. green or yellow band before thé rotating band. The fuze adapter is painted red. : .There are three 105-mm howitzers and fout 105-mmv guns in use by the Japanese: Army, ‘Phese guns are’ designated 10-cm by the Japahese but have an sietual bore diameter of 105 mm. ‘The projectiles are in most, cages interchangeable for use in all these weapois and are assembled with, different size cases for use in the different ——- 40-em (105-mm) Ammunition weapons, Only one weapoh, the type 14-year A\.A. gun uses fixed ammunition, all. the other weapoiis using semifixed ammunition. fe In this section the,cases and projectiles will be trgated separately as, was done with 75min. ammunition” Figur’ 272—10-cm Amnivnition. 345eo : ; : ; ' JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE . _ PROPELLANT CHARGES USED FOR VARIOUS WEAPONS. Welght of Number of | Welght of : 2. Weapow ‘Type of propellant propellant) Number of Weight of 7 wget s d ‘ke.) ‘+ ‘Type 14-year: howitzer... _° ‘Mk I square grain, Mic @ strip... 0. 430 a A190. 3. . es i B 100g. eae ‘ + G90 6. 2, "Typé orhowiteer... ‘Mk 2 square grain.. 1.135 4 A426 6 ‘ duets 7 ’ B 105 g. 7 sth ite i Cite : 7 : 2 ot: Dae. con Adm” setts : tl B 108 g eee é Ciélg Type 92 gup-e- - 4.000 2 ADS kx . ae : 7 B15 ke. ‘Type t-year gin. 2. 535, 2 A2935 kg. ae : B 0.500 ke. Pyne 38 gun’ “1.740 14.740 . 3:075 1 3.076. {Type teyear Aa 7 3 z & > = = < e Figure 273—105.mm Type 14th-Year Gun Cose.= POROER BAGSARMY PROJECTILESJAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Figure 276—10-em Ammunition.ARMY PROJECTILES: Py Type 91 10-em (105-mm) High-Explosive “Projectile a » Weight. of projectile, filled (without fuze): 15.9 kge (35.06 pounds). Weight of filling: 2.3 kg. (5 pounds). i Filling: Cast TNT. » Diameter at bourrelet: 104 mm (4% inches). Length over all’ (without. fuze): 427-mm (16%e inches), Length protruding from ‘case (without ffze) 389.7 mii (15's inches). nese teste or i connce — 8 =" cup cove syste Figure 277—Type 91 10-em High-Explosive Projectile. - Width of rotating band: 22.2 mm (% inch). Fuzing? “Type 88 instantaneous nose fuze. ‘Type 88 short-delay nose fuze. Weapons in which used: Type 91 howitzer: Case, 9} inches. Typer8 field gun: Case, 11 inches. ‘Type 92 field gun: Case, 29 inches + Type 14-year field gun! Case, 18 inches, 351JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE cco suet et veuce wate Go coon srstew ® Figure 278—Type 91 10-em High-Explesive Long-Pointed Projectile. Type 91 10-cm (105-mm) High-Exposilve Long- Diameter at copper Dbourrelet: 104.2 mm (4% Pointed Projectile * inches). * 2 Length over all (without fuze): 501.7 mm (19% Weight of projectile, filled (without fuze): 15.7 inches). : kg. (34.5 pounds). Length protruding from ease (without fuze): Weight of filling (white composition): 2.3 kg. 423.9 (16'}{« inches). i (5.2 pounds). Width of rotating band: 22:2 mm (i inch) Filling i Width of copper bourrelet: .20.6 mmm (?¥« inch). 1, Cast TNT. Fuzing . 2. White composition of ammonium nitrate, ‘Type 88 instantaneous nose fuze. eyclonite, and guanidine nitrate. Type 88 short delay nose fuze. 352 ett <ARMY. PROJECTILES PALA. gun (lixed anmunitiong > Weapons in whiel used ‘Pype Hl howitzs hes. “ guia your feld Type 92 field gain: Remarks: ‘This projectile has heen recovered with either a copper or u snuchined bourrelet 42-cm (120-mm) Shrapnel Projectile Weight of projectile, filled (without faze): 19.88 kg. (43.75 pounds). : =-\EA0 Batts ceuraae gua BLACK PoaDER 3 1® J s OO ele yy Lh] LTS @ @ cay Yh) 50.09 9 Figure 279—12 cm-Shropnel Projectile. 353. rJAPANESE’ EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE _ i * * Piecting charge: Black powder contain bbe” Case: Toop rchaay of,the projgctite and in a central brass tube. a Shrapnel filling-539 lead balls (12: eter of base: 128 mm (6% jnchos) packed in. rosin matrix, ~TPhe-balls até sepa- ° co apy) ‘3:pounds 4% ‘ounces, * Tated from the ejection chatgo-by a steel aise The bi i¢ is, Slraight sided wild of thie » {+ Which rest on a -shoulder in. the projectil "pte type 2 fe ity. : \- Propellant: The pr Deller i in two. incremen Diameter at bourrelot? 119 math Ge inches)... °” eachiedonsed in a sil beg with m amallipuiion > eLength: overall (vithoit fuze): S145 mm (12% | charge -sewed 6 nthe -bgttom of. ith bag. sinches) 2D. The first inérement, is nitrocellulose in §,rnich Length “protruding from -caao Gwithout: fuze): “ ‘squatelaked and: the second inérement is niirén “lo 293.1 mm “i0K'mehes):” +. séllulose int #s.ineh square, flakes, Width of rotating’ band; 5 mm°(¥ iitehes).”” _ Weight of Wopellant:+ - sa “Furing: Type, 88. 85-socond combination: fuze: gt ineretgent#,t- ounces. ‘Weapons ovhichned: ‘Type 38 Powitzon a oy 12.em (120. Armor PrercineHigh: : per aie Beer tee Weight’ of ‘projec ile, Aleit? fared) 20 Kg. et . “4° + pounds). : a i Weight, of filling: 13 ke @ pounk 7 rere ars Te: Picric acid...» “*) ees athe , . fo », Diameter-‘at bourrelet! 1ig mime inches) out ‘ : oc bo » Length, over-all:-379.4 mi (¥4'%« inahes), : ree Length protiudimg from tese: 330,7 min (13 inches). ee + Width of rotating band: 11.1 mi: Ge inch), 7 a « BusingsBype 89 gall bas fuxg (howitzer, mortar “7 Sit, cfer to the éhrapnel projgetile. 2 Propellant: Refer to: the, skrapnel:-projectile. Weapons it. which -used:’ Type 38 howitzer. !ARMY PROJECTILES ~~ ~ “Figure 280—12-em Armor-Piercing High-Explasive Projectile. | “ - a : : é 355 fey ? giFigure 281—15-cm Ammunition. “JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE 356ARMY PROJECTILES. + 15-cm (150:mm) Ammunition There are three 150-mm ‘howitzers and four 150-mm guns in (use bythe Japanese «Army, ‘These wetpons vary greatly in design from a very short-range howitzer to long-range field guns. ‘The projectiles for 150-mm aminunition are not § Interchangeable as in the 7é-mm or 105;mm sizes.., Usually there is qne type .of projectile designed for use in the howitzers and another type _ sSesigned for use in the ‘guns. Even-when the ‘same projectile is use in both hewitzers:and guns, bee ery PROPELLANT CHARGES % ~ Weapon ‘Type 4-year howitzer. ‘Type 45 gun. ‘Type 7-year gun. Type 90-gun, 89 gun. ‘Type of propellant Noe Mi Pequare grain. will differ:in that it will have'a single rotating * band when it is used in a howitzer, but when used’ “ina gun it will havea double rotating band, ~ All the weapons with, the exception of the type 89'gun} Which ‘uses ‘@ beg charge, use semifixed ammunition, : , i ‘The. cases and projectilés. will ba treated’ sep- aralely, as was'done with 75-mm and 105-mm + amminition . USED. FOR VARIOUS WEAPONS ‘Weight of eopallant NunBer ot | Weleni of 1 ict) tac A865 g° B 235 g. 255. Dass 6. Ea g > = 825, 2 A 500 7 B 325 & 2.980 5 A080. : B 280g. C #40 g. i os BD bt08. > Eng # +1 ofA 5.50-k¢. B 5.50 kg. : » 1c 5.50 kg. ‘8, 700 2 A 8.00 ke.‘JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE 7 2-5/8 POWDER. BAGS. TYPE 95 HOWITZER CASE. « : TYRE 38 HOWITZER CASE fetes «Figure 282—150-mm Type 38 Howitzer Care.ARMY PROJECTILES POADER BEGS Figure 283—15-cm Ammusition. 359’ JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE : 7 xe 110k age ower te . t wat Poait se tego af [ose ———| Figure 284—150-mm Powder Box,TREE siceT Powe wacs—t # Bee hate Log poms Bats .JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE est exsTee ast mate z Figure 286—Type oe 15-cm High-Explosive Projectile. Type 92 15-em_ m (i 50-mm) High- Explosive Width of roteting band: 20 mm (*H: inch). Projectile Puzing; Weight of projectile complete: 36 kg. (70.2 + Type 88 instantaneous nose fuze. pounds): Type 88 short-delay nose fuze, Weight of filligg: ‘No data. Filling: Angofaku (RDX and ammonium nitrate). _-Wespons in which used: Diameter at bourrelet: 149 mm (5% inches). eer Aion cae Lengtit over all (without, fuze): 563.6 mim (22K. ‘Type year’ howitzer, e486, A, Me inches; inches). case B, 8% inches. Length protruding’ from case (without fuze): a A Type.96 howitzer, case 12% inches. mm (197% inches). ‘Type 38 howitzer, case 4% inches. 2 “ adit it 362¥ . ARMY PROJECTILES Type 93 15-cm (150-mm) High-Explosive Projectile Weight of projectile, filled (without fuze); 40,29 kg. (88.8 pounds) Weight of filling: No data. Billing: Cast TNT. - Diameter at copper bourrelet: 149.3 mm (5% inches). Length over all (without fuze): 593.7 mm (23% inches). . Length protruding from case (without. fuse): 544 mm (21% inches). Width of rotating band: Forward: 25.4 mm. Aft: 19.1 mm. Width of copper bourrelet; 31.75 mm, Fuzing: Type 90 instantaneous short-delay fuze. , Weapons in which used Vy p6 89 gun. ‘Type 45 yun: Case, 48% inckies, ‘Type 7 year gun: Case, 48% inches, Type 90 gun: Case, 48! inches, e..oW 363JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE « Figute 288—Type 92 15-cm High-Explosive Long-Pointed Projectile. Type 92 15-cm (150-mm) High Explosive Logg Pointed Projectile. © Weight of projectile, filled (without fuze): 30.9 ke. (68-pounds). Weight of filling: 5.0 kg. (11 pounds). Filing: Cast TNT. Dinimeter at bourrele® 148 mm (5%z inches). Length over all (without fuze): 581 mm (22% inches). Length ‘protruding ‘from case: 492.1. mm (19% inches). - ‘ 364 Width of rotating band: 14.28 mm (Xs inch). ‘Width of copper bourrelet: 19.1 mm (% inch). Fusing: Type 88 in: ‘Type 88 short delay nose fuze. taneous nose fuze. Wenpons in, which used: ‘Type 4-year howitzer: Case A, 10%. inches; case B, 8% inches. ‘Type 96 howitzer: Case 12% inches. “Type 38 howitzer: Case 4% inches.ARMY PROJECTILES: Type 93 15-cm (150-mm) High-Explosive Length protruding froni cuse (without fase): 516 Long-Pointed Projectile na (20% imedses). > Width of rotating bund ni i Weight of projectile, filled (without fuze): 40.23 Korward: 25.4 ram (1 ine), * . kg. (88.5 pounds) : : Alt: 19.1 sam (% inch) | Weight of filling: No data, a of copper bourraet: oe us ine es), Paauedd veing: Type 90 instantancous shortdetay fuze. Filling: Cast TNT. z, Weapons in whieh used Diameter of copper bourrelet: 149.2 mm (5% Type 89 gun, inches). Type 45 gun; Case, 4844 inches Length over all (without fie): 620.2 mm (24%. + “Type 7-year gun: Case, 48K inches. finches}. ‘Type 90 gun: Case, 482 inches. x fm—— corner eounneter ry 7 tsetse . 7 + . . 3 365JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE acscen risk | Fiabe 260—Type 95 15.cm Anménblreing Hoh Esblosie Projectile. ~ “Tyee 95 15-cm (150-mm) Armor-f Piceing Width ‘of rotating barid: 20.6 mm €%s inch), “High-Explosive Projectile. - ° ~ -” Fyaing: Type 95 medium howitzersmortar base “+ Weight of projectile, filled (fuzed):"36.1 1 ke: (705 Weapons which ped: 7 pounds) + Type A-yesr howitzer: Case A, 10% inches; ‘Weight of filling: 2.3 kg. (6 pi cin : + case B,.8% inches.” & _ Filling: Two preformed ‘blocks of high pala ‘TNT. ‘Type 38 howitzer:'Case, 4% inches. - Diameter at boprrelet: 150 min (5*%¢ inches), 7. Type 96 howitzer: Case, 124i inches. “Length of projectile (without Taz): 449.3°mm_. —-, ‘Fype 45.gun: Case; 48H: ite 7 (17'He inches). ‘Type 7-year gun: Case, 48} inches. Length protriding “ron case: 406.4 mim (16- ‘Type O6 gun: Case, 484 inches. «Anes. © Type 89 gun: Beg charge. | wet ee aeRemarks: it is used in 15cm (150-mm) Atmor-Piercing Explosive Projectile Weiglit of projectile, filléd: 44.54 kg: (98 pounds), Weight of filling: 5.2 kg. (11.5 pounds). Filling: Pierie acid in two preformed, paper= wrapped blocks. Dinmneter at copper bourrelet: inches). > 149.2 mm (5% Lack 2009 nse Fue Figure 291—15.em Armor-Piercing High-Explosive Projectile.» = When this projectile is used in x howitzer, it hus a single rotating band, but when ns it has a double rotuting band. ARMY PROJECTILES Length over all: 584.2 mm (23 inches) Length protruding from case (withgut” fuze) 544.5 rm (21%e inches), . Width of rotating bands: = Forward: 25.4 mm (1 ineh). Aft: 19.1 mm (inch) Fuzing: Type 88 small base fuze Weaponsiin which used: ‘Type 89 gun. ‘Type 45 gun: Case, 484s inches Type 7-year gun: Case, 48%: inches Type 90 gun: Case, 48%: inches. ‘Type 4-year howitzer: Case A case B, 8% inches, , ‘Type 38 howitzer: Case, 4% inches. Type 96 howitzer: Case 12% inches 10% inches; Reniarks: When this projetile is used in a howitzer, it hus ® single rotating band; bul when it is used in guns it has « double rotating band Type 13-Year Smoke (W. P.) Projectile + Weight of projectile, filled (without fuze): 33.63 Rg, (74.25 pounds). « Bursting charge (cast pieric geid): } kg. (2 pounds) Chemical agent: 3.62 kg. (8 pounds) W. P. is contained in a brass cylinder fitted below the bursting charge. ‘To prevent movement within the projectile, the con= tainer is surrounded by wax Diameter at-bourrelet: 148.2 nia (5's inches ‘Length over all (without fuze): 4874 min (9% inches). Length protruding from case (without fuze) AT1.5 mm (18%e inches). Width of rotating bang: 15.0 inm (%, inch) Fuzing: Type 88 instentaneous nuse fuze (howit- zer, mortar). . 367JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE * . Figure 292—Type 13-Year Smake (W. P.) Projectile. Weapons in which used: © - 7 = Ath-year type howitzer: Case A, 10%¢ inches; i 7 case B, 8% inches. : Type 96 howitzer: Case 12% inches. ‘Type 38 howitzer: Case 4% inches.ARMY PROJECTILES sete : 30-cm (305-mm) Armor-Piercing High- - . Explosive Projectile : Weight of projectile: No duta, : 4 * Weight of-filling; No data. e Filling: No data. : Diarneter at, bourrelet: 305 mm (12 inches) Width of rotating band: 53 mm (2H, inches) Length over all: 1,071 mim (42%, inches) Fusing: ‘Type 95 Large Mk 2 Model 2 biase fu Length, protruding from case: 1,027 mm (40% Weapons in which used: Type 7-year 30-cm Snches).. 7 howitzer. He 7 fo a 4 tive se nate Go ciuaa svete. qe » Figure 2993—3)-em Armor-Piercing High-Explosive Projectile... - i ®@ : nate 369JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORONANCE Bs! : Figure 294—30-cm Armor-Piercing Hh Projectile. Ww I i : f i 30-: Segui’ volatiles. Six long ‘aticks (4.0 cm., end of tke isotor: ‘The’ motor. weight i corre- by 5.8 oat, by 1.05 om.'spert:).’and two | spondingly: reduced: to 42.43. kg, Neither’ the “short sticks same diameter and perforation» head nor the motor and ¥ length Ya somé cases, cae of bak respective compotent jn’ the older round. - Ghopter 4—Secton 3, Cet ams MORTARS . : Weight coniplete round?1.6 pound, ‘Weight niain charge: 5.4 ounces. yon the other. The ap section has_an,opening in lio top,to tecsive the fuze: ses genérated blow:through the ‘the base housing, expaiiding’ the copper | into’ the, filing of the discharger “Remarks: The Ney Mv ‘of this shell is “| version; the’ only variation theme,. ‘Two! minor ‘nto @ of! construction * Number of sticka: 6 long, 2'shord.” » s Tenn jer: ‘The only launcher. recovered® for use ~eellilois, 0.45'peroeit graphite, 0.24 per- recovered, siinilar to the frst, but wlth the rocket percent diphenyl’formaiide, and 1.30 per- (7.44 inches),. giving 'e bourrelet ‘effect at each: intereliangeable with’ ite ‘exactly. the ggume: it ‘construction as ‘the- Army. - ing in’-the color ° getterARMY MORTARS y | re SAL, TNSTARFENC Ou Fuse ore cur “aun abn Coupe te 4 8 : e = oD pre OFFER OTT NG BAND eee : FAPELCANT - Bs vie Figure 296—Type 89 58-mm High-Explosive Mortar. 1, The nose portion screws on (LH) the body i Pe directly below the bourrelets The base’ is solid instead of being closed with a base plate. 2, Similar to the’ first variation’ except the “ ‘jthroads are right hand. ’ eee | e : > ts eee : 373JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE, Type 95 50-mm Smoke Mortar Weight complete round: 1.9 pounds. Weight smoke filling: 3.7 ounces. Willer: : Smoke compound: Hexnchlorethane smoke mixture, Propellant: Nitrocellulose diphenylaimine Aiakgd powder. Over angi (without fuze): 4.33 inches. ‘Maximunk diameter: 1.97 inches (50 mm). Color: Black over ull with w red bund at the nose and two white bands, one immediately below the bourrelet and the other before the rotuting, band. Fuzing: Type 89 small, time fuze. : "Weapons in which used: Type 89 grenude dis- charger, pte Sui Tie AE a su cur ives eworecunt“Description: The projectile casing steel. ‘The nose screws onto the-mait point just’ behind the bourrelet. of forged bedyvar @ ‘The main body + ig joined to the base with a press-fit held by four screw shear pins. “The propellant base housing which’ serews onto the sholl base ia similar in cor struction and -operation,.to, that of the HE. ance a8 PORTS. FOIL COVER _Diamdter propellantycontaiver: 1.02 inches. + propellant. is contained in copper cup inside the No. Be i ARMY MORTARS: ~ shell. ‘The smoké mixture is held in a brass’can. inside the main body and has attached. to it by short cord # steel retarder cup, to slow its descent. Operation: Whien the-fuze ghine fifes, it rup- tures the thin plate in’ the base of the gaine, ignites the smoke mixture, and expels the smoke candle from the shell casing. Type 89 50-mm Incendiary Mortar ‘Weight complete tortnd: 1.25 pounds, Weight incendiary mixture: 10.7 ounce. Filling: Incendiary mixta Pptassium nitrate: 47.7 percent. . Aluminum: 21.7 percent. : Sulphur: 19.9 percent! ~ Antimony trisulphide: 6.1 percent. Wax: 2:8 percent, «Propellant: Nitrocellulose powder. . Over ‘all length: 6.25 inches: Length propellant containers: 1.25 inches. Maximum diameter, 1.97 inches (50 mai) ‘Color: Natural brass body’ with black ‘propellant container. . Fuzing: Powder délay train. Weapon in which used: Type 89 grenade dip- chaser Description: The shell. is,a cylindrical sheet~ metal tube with a hemispherical nose and is cov- ered with clear lacquer. Around the side of the casing are four silver-foil disks, each disc covering Seven ports in the shell cusing. The casing is crimped over the base, which contains two black- powiler delay trains and is-threaded vo, receive Ube propellant housing, ‘The propellant housing is of steal, with six gas-esenpe ports in the sides and Percussion cap set in the screwed-in base. - ‘The propellant housing. |, fe Operation: ‘The flash ffori the propellant ignites the delay Trains in the: base of the shell which in ‘turn ignite the incendiary filling. : . “ Remarks: Another incendiary ‘shell, the type: 10-year, is similar in appearance and operetion. : : * 375JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE he type 89 shel the.color of the body is natural brass; and the propellant. assembly is black, : . sete of perforations covered with silver-foil, disks. : The type 10-year shell is fired from the type 10- ~ , a ‘-__ year grenade discharger, an obsolete weapon that 5% ittches in length oe ‘here are)‘eight was the forerunner of the type 89 grenade dis- Q 7 charger. : Figure 299—-50-mm Pinned Bangolce Torpedo: Be Tg 7 50mm Finned Bangalore Torpedo Weight complete round: 17.89 pounds. Weight main charge: 6.34 pounds. Mai charge: Pieric, Over-all length (without fuze) : 78.37 inches. Base, section length: 33.2grjnches. ‘Length from after end of BRE to forward bearing surface of base section: 12.75 inches. Maximum diaineter of explosion tube: 1.97 inches (60 mm). at He Fins: He : ~ Length: 14.75 inches. “Maximum width: 3°5 inches. Minimum. width: 2.5- inches, Color: Fins thd bangelore section ‘are painted . tan with a red, band at the top of each sections: She modified pdefionotothe=bise “section is painted black, Fuzing: Instantaneous-delay fuze for bangalore % mortar. , Weapon in which used: Type 98 discharger. "Description! The projectile “is constructed: it two sections, ‘THe nose section is a standard bangalore length, while the. base section is.a bangalére length cut off and modified to fit into the barrel of the discharger. . ‘This section also has three spot-welded brackets to, which the sheet metal. fins are bolted. A cap, haying two'eireum- -. ferential grooves cut into it to divide the surface into three after bearjng surfaces, is welded around the after end .of the base section. A length of | ‘50-mm tubing is welded: to the base section and Serves as forward bearing surface. for the pro- jectile. A plate is welded to the bangalore base ‘section to prevent’ the bangelore,from sliding too “far down into the launcher tube:+ ARMY MORTALS > +e 50-mm Stick’Charges . 77 Small bares Weight-complete round. _te = 15.62 pounds 17 pounds, Weight main charge... 7.0 pounds 4 10 pounds. Explosive components: i Main charg}. ----—- ~ Pieri 2 woe. Pic 7 .. Propeliant/.”...-- - Black powder. Black powder Over-all lengt ce ~ 27.85 inches. 2. 25.5 inches. * Length explosife container. . 6.75 inches_ : Be 4.5 inches. Width explosiv® container, = 4.5 inches... 229% _- 6.25 inches. Height explosive container _ 4.5 inches... 2222-2 6,25 inches _ Wall thickness. 0.05 ineh. wee. 625 inch. Diameter of stick _ 1.97 inches (50 mm)_-_- ~ 1,97 inahes (50 mm). Color: ‘The metil explosive container is painted black, while the wooden “stjek” is léft unpainted. The large model Kas a white stripe fore and aft around the explosive box. ‘ Pee ; 377, 4.JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Weupon in which fsed: Type 98 discharger Fuzing: Two pull igniters Description: The projec on a wooden pole 50 mm in diamet ire ngrennnccus 1 SHR OLAY WORTAR THEE Paine ———Pacpecant }——esvayst veue > : Figure’ 307—Type 11-Year’ 70-mm High? Explosive Mortar. tied to metal loops on exch side of the launcher tube collar igniters are initiated und will in torn set off the hursting charge after a short delay, propellant in silk bags is placed in the launcher tube below and independently of the projectile propellant is fired by a pull igniter inserted in the ignition aperlaire in the side of the launcher tube ists of » cast-iron box containing blocks of pierie acid mounted ‘Two pull igniters ore inserted’ in the bursting charge und are Whin the projectile is fired: these pull The bluckepowder The. Type 11-1. 70shm High-Explésive Mortar Weight*complete round: 4.28 pounds. Weight main charge: 15.2 ounces. Weight booster: 1.6 ounces. Explosive components: Main charge! TNT : Booster: Picric. Propellant: Nitrocellulose diphenylamine flaked powder Over-ail length (without fuze): 7.12 inches. Maximum diametgr: 2.75 inchest(69.8 mm) Color: Black over-all with « red band around the nose, A yellow band is painted below the dourrelet and a white band forward of the rotating band. Fuzing: Type 93 instantaneous short delay mortar fuze : eH Weapon in which used: Type I-year 70mm rifled mortar. i Description: This projectile is simjlar in con- struction and, operation to the type 89 50.4um HE. mortar shell, 70-mm High-Explosive-Antiaircraft Banase ee Mortar Weight complete round: 5.19 pounds, = Weight main charge (H. E- cylinders): 12.84), grams Explosive components Main cherge: RDX. «Booster: Lead azide Over-all-length of Sell: 11.38 inches. Maximum diameter of shell: 2.76 inches (70 mm) Length of canisters: 5 inches Diameter of canisters:| 0.75 inch. Length of H. E. eylindsrs: 3.12 inches, Diameter of H. B. cylinders: 0.69 inches.“ARMY MORTARS BI STER 6. Sclnoee PARACHUTE Lager ok onbece ELA e ESECTHCS Cnt — Pecreuant Figure 302—70-mm High-Explosive Antiaircraft Barrage Mortar. ° Color: Shell, black over-all with a-% inch red band ‘at nose. - Canisters, zine coated (grey). HE. cylinders: Black over-all with 8 % inch red band at forward end. Weapon in which used: 70-mm A. A. barrage morter. ate Description: This mortar shell consists of an outer shell containing seven canisters in each of which is an H..E. cylinder and parachute. “A turned steel base is welded to the outer shell, and provisiin is made for reception: of a delay train Jplder, @ shell propellant container, and.an end cover. Thé delay train leads to a black-powder charge which ejects the canisters from the shell. ‘The end cover is fitted over the propellant cou- tainer and is sealed against moisture and held in position by adhesive tape. A wouder plug in # pressed steel cap closes the forward end of the . shell. @ 7 “The canisters contain a wooden plug in the bored to receive a delay elemet und a “mall black powder’ charge to®eject the HE. gylinder ffom the canister. The sted) H. E. ‘eylinders ‘are closed at the base and threaded at eee 379JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE . S screwed a,fgiction cap. The explosive content’is in: three paper carton, : iy Zartchutis azo attached to the outer shell, nose dhp, and cach of the seven canisters ‘and H. E. yhute cords rs) to 66. it cylinders. The length of the varies from 19 inches ‘(ct ware attached to a friction cord which passes ‘through the friction cep. ‘Thus, this shell, when fired, pute sixteen s¢parate objects suspended by. parachutes in the way of low-flying aircrefg, seven of which will explode if hit. veg 02-nsianimens ~ ST DELAY mTOR FL, eset cnt SEALING COP cee 00StEh WELL = oosreR FIERIC vary CHARGE THT the forward. end’ to receive a plug into which is) Jocks each wrapped. in’ a’ Waterproof hea + “igylinders). ‘The H. E. cylindar parachute lines * Operation: The delay tréin to the first ejection charge is ignited by the shell propellant charge, and ‘the first -charge in turn’ ignites the deliy trains to the second ejection charges in each of the ° canisters. The parachutes attached tg the nose cap, outer shell, and canisters ali open when the eénisters are, ejected and the H. E. cylinder, parachutes open when they. are. ejected from the canisters. A plane hitting the parechute cord.of any of the H. E. cylinders would cause the friction wire to be pulled thréugh the friction cap initiat- ing the ‘explosive train. * | Type 97 81-mm High:Explosive Mortar * Weight complete round: 7.35 pounds. Weight main charge: 1,19 pounds. Explosive components: * Main charge: TNT. Booster: Picric. Propellant: miei \ "Nitrocellulose and. graphite: 58.0. per cent. . Nitroglycerine: 7.1 percent, Dinitrotoluene: 25.7 percent. Diphenylamine: 0.5 percent Patassium nitrate: 8.7 percent. Over-all length (without fuze): 11.5 inches Length fin ‘assembly: 3.10 inches. ” : _Maximum diameter at bourrelet: 3.19 inches (81 - mm). . _ Maximum dAimeter tail fins: 3.19 inches. Color: Black oyer-all with a red tip. A yellow and is-painted before the bourrelet. " Fuzing: Type 98 instantaneous short delay mor- tar fuse, Hae ‘Weagipns int which used: 3 ‘Type 97 81-mm mortar. 7 ‘Type 99 81-mm mortar. _- Description: ‘Thé body is of one-piece stredm- linod construgtion having.a threaded opening in the nose to-receive the fuze-adapter ring, A steel “booster cup screws (L.'H.) into the lower end of the adapter ring. ‘The booster cup is closed by ® shaped aluminum container which. receivés the gaine of the fuze. ‘The bourrtlet is well machined and has four grooves cut in it. ‘The'fin assembly screws into wfemale threaded ~ (B. HL) opening in the base of the body. It con-) atts of & male plug welded to, eylindrical steel tube, Welded to this tube ‘are six fins shaped to receive the six silk bags containing the propellant ; —ingrements, Between exch set of fins are three } gas escape ports for the propellant gases from the cartridge which fits inside the tube, ‘The care tridge is held in place by a countersunk ring serawed into the end of the ube. The cartridge resembles a shotgun shel]. Type 100 81-mm High-Explosive Mortar Weight‘complete round: 7.52 pounds, , Weight main cherge: 1.18 pounds yt 100 Instanta” SHORT GEL MORTAR TUZE SET ScREM SEA ine CUP aie ouste® WEL. omaree F1CRIC Figure 304—Type 100 81-mm High-Explosive Mortor. _ Tidge in the tail fin se ARMY MORTARS. Explosive components: Main churge: TNT. 2 Booster: Pierie. Propellant: Nitrocellulose and graphite Peent, Nitroglycerine: 7. percent. Dinitrotoluene: 25.7 percent. | Diphenylamine: 0.5 percent. Potassium Nitrate: 8.7 percent, Over-ail length (without fuze); 11,78 inches, Length fin assembly: 3.31 inclies Maximum diameter at bourrelet. 3.19 inches (81 mm). } Maximum diameter tail fins: 3.19 isiches Color: Black over all with « red tip. A yellow band is painted before the bourgelet. 58.0 per Fuzing: Type 100 instantaneouk short-deley mortar fuze. ! ‘Weapons in which used: { ‘ "Type 97; 81-mm mortar. ‘Type 99; 81-mm mortar. Description: Except for miinor details, this shell is similar to the Type 97 8i-mm H. E. The cup to receive the fuze gaine is held in place in the booster cup by being fitted into @ brass ring slick screws into the fuze adapter ring wbuve the buvoter cup: ‘There is no retaining ring-to hold the cart ion. Instéad, the varteudge is held by a friction fit, : | 81-mm Parachute H. E. Mortar Weight complete round:.3.87 pounds. Weight main charge: 4 ounces. Explosive components: ‘Mein cbarge : RDX (1 block) ‘TNT (2 blocks) ‘Over-all dength: 21.25 inches Length of Shell (less propellant container and nose plug): 18.5 inches. Diatneter of shell body: 1.5 inches. Diameter of fins: 3.19 inches (81 mm Diameter of H. E. eylinder: 1.37 inches. Length of HE: cylinder : 7.0 inches. Color; Black over all with an ae wooden plug in the nose ‘Weapon in which ‘used: Standgrd 81-mm smooth bore. mortars. ft * 38t >exkcvion cxance ee Figére 305—81-mm Parachute High-Explosive Mortat: 2 Description: This morter shell is black steel “tube with an ogival wooden block sealing the for- ward eng, Six fine which give the shell an 81 mm diameter are spot welded along tho afler part of the tube, A steel dise drilled through the center Yor the delay leed-in is welded to the tube inch from the bese. Forward of the disk is a 5-inch wooden block through the center of which runs ~ the 12-second black powder delay clement. The forward end of tho, wooden block contains the ejection charge. The H. E. cylinder and para; » chutes are located forward of the ejection charge.” ‘The cylinder consists of a steel case, a central tube containing the 45-second: self-destruction delay train,a friction igniter, and. three, cylindrical explosive blocks fitted arourid the central tube. » 382 . ci _ sides of the shell and the ‘The booster fita in thé forward blook. ‘The para- ghute which supports the cylinder is sécured.to small fixed U-bolt.on the cylinder by-nine short (13-inch) shrouds. A second parachute ibove the first is secured to the friction igniter by « line , 32 feet 4 inches long. This linte leads through « , ‘central hole in: the lower parachute.” tinned steel pgppellant container is 81 mm in’ digmeter and 1inch deep: A neck on the container .fits into the basé of the mortar shell and is, secured by three small screws pessing through the of the cover, : Operation: When the stivll is fired; the, fiash from the blizck powder primer ignites the yopel- lant and the'12-second delay train. Setback shears the small screws securing the propellant containerfle fore of te propellant is expended the container fails free. ‘Twelve nds after firing, thé delay train ignites the eje charge forcing the H/ E. eyfinder and parachu out the forward end] of the shell, “Phe 45-second sell-destroying delay trait is also ignited by the j to the shell, and when 81-mm Parachute H. “ARMY MORTARS ejection charge, a2 foot Parachute cord which is attached to the igniter will cause it Wy explode the H. Ev eylinder. After 45 saconds, the welfadestroying element détonaten Planes striking the the cylinder. E. Smoke! Mortar * “Weight complete round: No data, ft Weight main charge: No data, e . Explosive co*hponents: Main change: Tetryl. « < : Over-all length: 21.87 inches, : + Length of shell (less propéllant containe? and nose 7 plug) (394 inches, i - cory wose eu ; # ay 3 | . raucurts | rection axitee 7 : | soosree | ‘ We 2008 1 : > _ : wil rea g | yi a errecine onasce / 7 —— ew \ r6 : JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE ait a Diameter of sill body: 1.5 inches. 7 parachute ia attached toa pull igniter and, Diameter of fine:"3.19 inches (8.1 mm). © pulled before the self-destroying feature operates ,. Golor: Unpainted gelvanized iron with-a yellow will detonate the charge. wooden nove and e.green band ground the body. eee ‘ Description: ‘This shell is similar to the H. E, / Operation: The operation is similar to the H. E rouhd except. that’ there is 1oke pellet in the ; round except that the expelling charge ignites the: Dottoni of the suspended cylinder. : Above the smoktilars-pfllet, which burns about 53 seconds ‘smoke pellet are two pellets of tetryl with a black . and which then ignites the hort delay: train whictr powder delay train running through the middle. burns seven seconds before the self-destroying . As with the H. &. round, "the line to the dipper’ clement furietions. & : ee : ’ 81-mm Pardchite-Flare Mortar ‘Weight complete round:" 4.87 pounds. Weight flare composition: 400 gra PaR SFE FRICEIOK tonite ———+ + moostER enticed Mie. CrLIMeeRExplosive components: Flare composition: No data Overall length: 22.25 inches. Length of shell (less propellant container and nose plug): 18.75 inches. Diameter ofwhell body: 1.78 inches. Diamadgr of fins: 3.19 inches (81 mm). Diameter of flare cylinder: 1.37 inches. Length of flare cylinder: 7.75 inches Color: Unpainted galvanized steel body with red wooden plug in the nose. Weapon in which uged: Standard 8i-mm smooth- bore mortars. . Deseription: This morter shell resembles in con- struction the S1-mm H. E. parachute mortar shell; the only differences being in dimensions, A thin sheet-metal tube containing the flare composi- tion is locatedvbefore the ejection charge. ‘Two pafachutes are packed in an inner sleeve 5.5 inches long made in two longitudinal half sections and are attached by means of 14-inch and 15-foot 3-inch cords, respectively, to’an eyebolt threaded into the forward end of the metallic flare composi- tion, ‘The wooden nose plug is secured’ to the outer shell by two small nails Operation: The operation of this shell is the seme as the 81-mm-H. E, parachute morigr shell. ‘The ejection charge ignites the flare composition as it ejects the flare cylinder from the shell. Type 94.90-mm High-Explosive Mortar. Weight complete round: 11.8 pounds. Weight main charge: 2.35 pounds. Explosive components:* “Main charge: TNT. Booster: Picric (presumed). Over-all length (without fuze): 15.83 inches, ‘Length fin assembly; 4.02 inches. Maximum diamoter’ at bourrelet: (90 mm). é Maxithum diameter tail fins: 3.54 indhes. Color: Black over all with « red tip and a yellow band before the bourrelet, 3.54 inches ARMY MORTARS | fesse . Flask nove “f oF Figure 308—Type 94 90-mm High-Explosive Mortar. ® * Firzing: Typé 93 instantaneous shori-delay mor- tar fuze. : Weapons in which used: ‘Type $4: 90-mm moter. ‘Type 97: 90-mm mortar, : Description: This shell is similar in construc- tion to the type 97 81-mm mortar shell.. ~ 385JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE ° 4 Np Se Scat as —~ SEALING CLP ccs esxee \ ren cng Type 94:90-mmn Semisteel Hy. E-Mortar ° Weight complete round: 11.5 pounds. ~ Weight mairt. charge: No data. {Explosive components: * Main Charge: TNT. Booster: No date * Propellant; No data. Over-all léngth (without fuze): 14,28"inches. Léngth-fin assembly: 4.0 inches.“ * ” “Maxi a diameter at bourrelet: 3.54 inches (90- mi ne Maxirtum diameter of fins: 3.54 inches. Color: "Black over-all with’ @ red tip and » green band befofe, the bourrelet.., : Fuzing: Type 93 instantaneous short-delay mortar fuze, \ hon ‘Type 94: 90-mm mortar, |” jBype #7: 90-mm mortar\_> Description: This shell is similar in design to the type 94 90-mm H. E. shell, except that it is made of low-grade or semisteel instead of bigh- grade-steel a_* Weapons in whieh used Type 94 90-mm Incendiary Mortar Weight complete round: 11.6 pounds. Weight incendiary mixture: 2.2 pounds. Weight burster charge: 2.76 ounces. Explosive components: Birster Charge: Np data, Propellant: No data, Incendiary filling: Phosphorus, carbon disulphide, ‘and 40 cylindrical rubber pellets Over-all length (without fuze): 15.9 inches. Length fin assenibly: 4.0 inches. : Maximum diametey at bourrelet: 3.54 inches (90- mm) fi ' Maximum diameter of tail fins: 3.54 inches QBlor: Black body with blue bands sround~the ‘nose, a yellow band half way between the bour~ relet und taj pd white band at junction of body? and tail ca Fuzing: Type 93 instantaneous shortdeluy mortar fuze (presumed) ‘Weapdis in which used: ‘Type 94: 90 mm mortar. ‘Type 97: 90 mui mortar. Description: This shell is similar in design to the type 94 90-mm H. E. mortar shell, with thé following exceptions: Sie wp kn enlarged booster cup Pads inte the nose of the projectile, Tt contaihs « well for the lower fuze body and, detonator,.a burster charge, and « wooden block. 2. A fuze adapter threads end of thé booster cup.” ° He Remarks: A. shell. of-similar construction, weight, and measurements conjains a fillidg of Siphenyleyanarsine (DC).° ‘The ‘shell is painted ‘black over-tll and has red band ardund the nose with a blue band adjacent toit. “‘Thete i8'4 yellow into the forwardut BL iecey te ncenouaey FLUNG 3. Figure 310—Type 94 90-mm fir Mortar. hand aft of the bourrelet and « red band half way. between the bourrelet and the’ tail. “There is a white bad at the.jurietion of theshell body and Type.2 120-mm High-Explosive Mortar * ‘Weight complete rout 26.5 pounds. Weight main charge: 6.0 pounds. Explosive components: Main charge: TNT: 7 ( Booste: RDX and wax. XN ARMY. MORTARS, Overall length (without fuze): 22.8 indies, Length fin asseinyly: 6.2 inches. fe Meximurn diameter at bourrelet: 4.7’inches (120 mm) Meatiuma diameter of ta id 47 inches Color: Black over all with a red tip and w yellow band forward: of the bourrglet, Fusing: Type 100 instan + mortar fuze. +" Weapons in which usell: Type 2, 120-mm mortar. Description: ‘The body section of this shell is imilnr to that of ghe atandard Army finned mortar types but the tff'fin section resembles thut of the- Navy 81-mm H.E. The 12 fins are welded to the us short delay Figure 311—Type 2 120-rim High-Explosive Mortar. 1387JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE propellant tube whicbsis welded to the base of the body. The fofward und of the Lube has 42 escape ports arrangéd rows tovallow the flush to pass from the primary, cartridge ‘lo the propellant increments, ‘The initial, charge ig contained in a cardbourd case which fits insice the propellant tube: and is héld in place by Wastgel plug fitted with the primer cap. ‘The main, propelling charge is con- tained in 6 doughnut shaped silk bage which are split so that they can be slipped around the propellant tube above the tail fins and over the flash ports. : Remarks: A variation of this shell has been found with the tail section threaded into, the body aiid secured by a‘ pin instead of being welded to the body © : 7 . Type-96 150-mm High-Explosive Mortar Weight complete round: $8.06 pounds. ’ Weight inain charge: 12.9 pouhds. Explosive components + ee “s Main charge: PNT. « ie Booster: Pieric. . Propellant: = Nitrocellulose and graphite: 68.0 per- “* cent. = HE Nitroglycerine: 7.1 percent. . Dinitrotoluene: 25.7 percent. , Diphenylemine: 0.5 percent. * Potassium nitrate: 8.7 percent. Over-all length (without fuze): 28.75 inches.” _ Length fin-asseinbly: 7.81 inches. : Maximum diameter at bourrelets 5.9 inches (150 Figure 312—Tye 96 150-mm High-Explosive Mortar. mm). ‘/. - ‘i Maximum!diameter of tail fins: ‘6.87 inthes, Color: Black; over all with a red tip, a yellow band below the bourrelet, “and a white band before the toil-fin assembly. . : ee eee shorigtchy mor \ Type 97 150-mm High-Explosive Mortar ‘Weapon in which used: Type 96 “50-mm smooth- Weight complete round: 43.5 pounds. bore mortal ‘Weight main charge: 8.98’pounds. Description! The construction, of this shell is Fxplosiye components: similar to thet of the type 97 81mm H.E. mortar - Main charge: TNT. shell, : + Booster: RDX and way, 388. : ‘: “ARMY MORTARS ae Nn :Fuzing: Type 100 instantaneous short-deley mor- ‘ era enc ag Pua tar fuze, : spurge > Weapon in which used: ‘Type 97 160-mm amooth- Ae Pe) . bore mortar, ae sates St Description: Exeépt for its sAhorte i size, this. 4 BECSTER HELL “projectile is similar-in-constructién, to the, type patie 96 HE. lope round. : wane 2naROE TAT 38am Spigot-Type Mortar ‘Weight complete round: 73% pounds.” * ‘Weight nose section loaded: 172 pounds. ‘Weight center section loaded: 215, pounds, = Weight tail ection londéd: 350 pounds.” =. Weight main charge: 103-pounc Explosiyt components: « “Main, chargé: Pieric. a, > Booster; P. BE. T.N, Propéllint: Black powder and nitrocelhilose Over-all length (without fuze): 61 inehes, iH Length nose section (less Hhroaded portion): 13.75 ~ inches, s+ Length -sonter -eodtion (es three portion): © 10.92 niches, * » Cerigth tail section: 36,31 ‘inches. * Body diameter: 12.62 ‘inicheg (320 mm) Inside diaméter of tail-section: 10.12 inches "Maximum diameter of tail fins 25.29 inches. Length tail fins: 21.4 inches Color: The ‘projectile is’ painted black over-all witha red ‘nosé tip and @ yellow band-around 7 the rear of the nose section, , : 7 _ Busing: Type 98 Interior Fuze. Figwre 313—Type 97 150-mm High Exolosee Mert. ‘Weapons’ in which ” ‘Used: Special. spigot iy : . projector: - : Description: The be pot, wt whidli'résembles & one Nitecllose ‘and eraphit a0. fer-’ bomb, is'made in'thréc parte: , The nose-section, + cent. ; { ogival in shape, is externally thieaded at'ite: base, Nitroglyoétine: 7.1 percenty.: ito serew into the center section and is internally” * Dinitrotoluéhe: 25.7 percent. »,thretded‘to receive a gteel base plate.” Tt has a ne Diphenylamine‘'0.5 pereént: “booster: cup fitfed. with a fuze adapter screwed % “\ Potegsiutt nitrate: 8.7 peroent, .” *Ainto the nose. Overall length: (without fuze): 23.7 inches." ” The'venter section ig « short cylinder, solid on ‘Length fin asiembly: 8.7 inches, Say “the ‘Base threaded externally to, screw into Maximym 'diaineter at bourrelet: 8.9 ‘sci ve. the tail-section. “It is closed at. the forward end, mm). with » steel plate heving .a fuze-adspter ring, .f Maximum diameter tail ins: 6:87 inches. ° “fitted with a*booster cup, welded in its éobtor. *), © Color: Blagk over all with « red nose t and © The tail geétion screws onio the conter section : ind hase gradual taper.toward the rear from @ ae 389JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE fy rareucant point 14.5 inches below the forward end. It is hollowed out to fit over the projector tube. Four sheet-steel tail fina, each: braced by two stabilizing wires, are welded to the tail'section. ==, For convenience in. haddling and assembling, steel bands, each, fitted with two double handles, are provided. Before the firing of the projectile, the carrying bands are removed. The propellant charge is placed in a brass pot which fite into the recessed portion of the pro- 390 j——— Fuse Tua ow fd mcracnr TRL caine I sguiTER & ” Figure 314—32-cm Spigot-Type-Mortor. jector tube. The charge is contained-in a card- board container having a brass flash tube passing through ite vertical axis, through the brass pot, and being screwed into the spigot. There is drilled and tapped hole near the forward end of the tail section of the projectile inte which the. igniter tube screwa, When, in position, the end of the igniter tube is in close proximity to the end of the brass flash tube which leads into the propellant charge.Chapter 4—Section 4 : ARMY PROJECTILE FUZES. a | Fikine Fi Figure, 315—Type 93 Small Instantaneous Fuze. Type 93 Small Instantaneous Fuze Over-all length (without gaino): 1% inches, : : ; 7 Maximum diameter: % irich. Use: Ammunition for 20-mm aircraft, antitank, ‘Threaded length: ¥ inch. - and antiaircraft guns; 37-mm tank and antitank © Number of threads: 5, right-haiid. guns. . Construction: The fuze is of two-piece bras Over-all length (with gaiste): 1'%. inehes, construction with an aluminum striker head. The S ; au 391JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE eps forward and centrifugal nt to move out, ‘The flash shitter is alvo moved out by centrifugal force snd lower piece houses a centrifugal detent, # primer, ‘Then theyhtriker ¢ and a flash-hole shutter. The guine threads into force causes the the lower pieco Operation: ‘The centrifugal detent, wh ports the striker, is held in place by the striker and detent spring until the projectile decelerates. driven into the primer. the fuze is armed. On impact the striker is stiees wea © Figure 316—Type 100 Small Initontoneous Fuze. Type 100 Small Instantaneous Fuze . Over-all length (with gaine): : ‘Over-all length (without gaine): 1 inch, Use: Ammunition for 20-mm aireréft, antiaircraft, Maximum diameter: % inch. ‘and antitank éannon, end 37:mmi tank, anti- Threaded length: % inch. tank, and aireraft guns. ‘Number of threads: 5, right-hand. 392 7ener ememmmmmmnny rete TT The tw ix made of brass in one Construction picee, A centrifugal detent supports the striker. Above the striker there is a wooden striker head. ‘The fuze is threaded i lly (L, HL) to take the gaine. Operation he centrifuge! detent, supporting ae ARMY PROJECTILE FUZES the striker, i held in pluce by the striker nd detent spring until the projectile decelerate ‘Phen the striker ereeps forward and centrifuga force causes the detent to move out, arming the fuze” On impact the atrileér ix driven into thi primer. seine \ AAU 8 ER nine eso az 10 CrCLOniTE Figure 317—Type 2 Small Instontaneous Fuze. Type 2 Small Instantaneous Fuze Use: Ho-5 20-mm H. E. I. projectiles. ~ %e ineh Yeinea Over-all length with gaine 393JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE cf Construction:’ This fuze is identical to the type fuze hus the detent hole secured with « staked 100 small instantaneous fuze except that the body plug rather than « screw. of the type 100 is brass and the body of this fuze Gperation: ‘The operation is the sume us the is of light metal alloy. ,A modification of this type 100 small instantaneous fuze, Type 2 Modified Small Instantaneous Fuze Use: 20-mm H. E. I. projectile. Description base of the fuze is. gaine above which is én sir Over-all length with gaine: *% inch. + column sealed at the top by @ closing diak. ‘Threaded length: ¥ inch. «Operation: There are no arming features in Number of threads: 6. : this fuze. On impact, the closing disk is crushed ir in the column and Construction: This is an air-column fuze with inward, compressing the 8 one-piece metal alloy body. Threaded into 'the firing the gaine. 0 48 coun ie a "Figure 318—Type 2 Modified Small Instantaneous Fure- 394 : : :CTILE FUZES Figure 319—Type 4 Super Detonating Fuze. Type 4 Super Detonating Fuze Construction: This is an sir-column fuze with the gainé enclosed in the fuze body. ‘The fuze is of two-piece construction, with the upper part containing the air column and primer -and the Tower part containing the geine. The inclusion ngth: Number of threads: Use: Ho-6 20-mm H. E. I. projectiles. «inch. inch. 6. of the gaine in the fuze body leaves space for more explosive in the projectile. Operation: There are no arming features in this fuze. On impact, the closing disk is crushed inward, compressing the air in the colump and firing the gaine, : 395JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE He 301 Impact Fuze ( Use: 40-tnm projectiles for the Ho 301 aircraft snnon. ‘ i Description FE Over-all Jength (with gaine): 1% inches. Over-all length (without gaine): 1X inches. Maximum diamet r 1% inchea. ‘Phreaded length: 4 inch, Number of threads Construction: "The fuze body is made of one piece. ‘The striker is supported by a centrifugal. detent which is held under a shoulder of the striker by two locking centrifugal detents. ‘The gaine threads into the bottom of the fuze, 6. Operation: Centrifugal force causes the locking detents to move out, thus ‘freeing the striker ‘detent which moves out arming the fuze. On impact the striker is driven into the primer. stareea — ‘uch nG oeTENT é ® Prien bevoxaren cost Ad 6 oeians oF siatierARMY PROJECTILE FUZES yeeeh Seeing aris. fe ice 7 t 4 7 * ene in a SKEET FCRR rg Th , Hse Pave 2s 2 Sg + a ; fa uf erates : : ' egosten . Figure 321—Type 88 Small Instantaneous Fuze: ¢ Type 88 Small Instantanéous Fuze Use: H. E. projectiles for the 50-mm grenade discharger. i Description: ; Over-all length (with gaine): 2% inches. Over-all length (without gaine): 1% inches. Maximum diameter: 1 inch. ‘Threaded length: Xe inch. “© © Number of threads: 5, right-hand, Construction: The fuze body is of two-piece brase construction. The upper part is threaded (R. H.) into the lower part,’with the striker head protruding from the upper .fuze body. The striker assembly is supported by steel wedges ¢ which rest beneath the striker sleeve aud two coiled springs. The steel wedges are held is position by the lower portion of @ circunnfereutial latch spring which is fitted around the striker sleeve, An arming collar surrounds a, portion of the striker assembly and the upper poruos, of} the latch spring. This collar is supported by the lower of two striker supporting coiled: sprigs and the latch spring 397JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Operation: When the projectile is fired, set- — wifugal force moves Ube wedges out, leaving the back forces the arming collur down yntil the notch striker supported only by the eoiled springs. On on the inner side of the collar engages the latch isn gact, the striker is driven down into the primer, springs. As the projectile dec ates; the lower spring forces the arming collar up, thus pulling Remarks: Both brass und steel bodies have the Iateh spring collar free of the wedges, Cen- — been recovered. coe ae Type 88 Short-Delay (Gun and Howitzer Mortar) Fuze Use: Gun type: H. B. projectiles for 57-mm tank Bye ocrent sawn CoULa Faun ee orien ae fouy erode 398‘guns, 70-mm tank gins, 75-mm guns, and 105-mm guns. Howitzor-mortar type: H. E. projectiles for 70-mm, 120-mm, and 150-mm howitzers, Description: . pet Over-all length (with gaine! Over-ail length (without, * Maximum diameter: 1X inches. ‘Threaded length: % inch. Number of threads: 6, right-band. Construction: The brass fuze body is made of two major parte,~thret an aluminum striker head., The external striker is supported by « spring and four. steel wedges. ‘A setback collar which surrounds the wedges is held in position by thé latch springs. @¥'he latch . Type 38 Instantaneous (Gun ond Howitzer jaded (L. H.) together, with * 1 ~ i ae ___ARMY PROJECTILE, FUZES prings ae fasteried around the circumference of a moygble primer-delay carrier. : ‘The fowitzer-mortar-type fuze differs from the wt ‘ype fuze in that only the striker 6&1 move, the primer carrier threaded to the body. The howitzer-mortaf fuse also hag weaker latch springe, allowing the fuze to function on a smaller amount of set-back. ’ Operation: Sét-bable causes the wt-bitk collar to move) down until it is. engaged by, the latch H springé. The wedges are held in -place.by the until-deceleration seta in. -At this ‘point theymove out, impelled by, centrifugal force, arm. - ing the fuze. On impact (in the gun fuze only) both the striker and the’ primer-delay carrier ere, “free to move, This is. to minimize the possi- bility: of an unexploded projectile due to 0 povery low angle of impact. S- 4 Mortat) Fuze Gun type fui 47-mm entitank H. E. projectiles” for the gun, 57-mm tank. gun, Heed a 75mm gims, and 105mm guns. This ‘ fuze is niso used in incendiary and smoke * : projectiles for 75-mm guns, - : i Howitzer-mortar type fuze: Used in: H. z. projectiles for 70-mm howitzer, 105-ram * guns and howitzers, 120-mm howitzer, and _ 150-mm howitzers, It is also used in’ smoke projectile for the 189-mm howitzer. +. © Deseription;, * Over-all length (with gaine): 3% inches. # . +. Over-all length (without gaine): 2% inches. 7 * Maximum diantet ‘inch. : ate ‘Threaded length: 0.5 ingh. Eee Number of threads: 5, right-hand, feces 7» Conistruetion: "The fuxe body, of ither black deb ete LY Steel oF brass,” is “made into two* parts “fitted together with threads (L. H.), ‘The liad of the aluminum striker ‘protrudes from tie, fuze and perowsTOR ch st taace stisxee '%, inches. ich. fe ek HOLDER: poet nse1eR——t 405,” JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE. “Construction: Tie fuze consists of two sections housed in s one-piece body. The two sections are separated by a fuzed striker housing. The upper section consists of a flash. cap and a sol-hack” striker and striker blogk separated: by a safety spring and upper safety fork. Below the flash ‘cap is a hard block of blackpowder. The safety plunger is spring-loaded upward against the block by the safety plunger spring, which also .bears against the fixed striker housing. Two safety plungers which are fixed to the safety plunger holder protrudé through holes in the fixed firing pin, ‘The fixed firing pin and inertia primer hous- PEeereRE eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee Perce ing ure separated by an anti-creep spring and Tower safety fork. - Operation: The upper safety fork is removed from the fuze in the nose section, the other forks haying been removed during wssembly of the round. Upon setback the setback striker hits the flash cap. The flash from the cap burns the black-powder plug and allows the safety plunger holder to hove forward’ This raises the two safety plungers, exposing the fixed striker to the detonator carrier. On impact the detonator car- rier moves forward against the anticregp spring and hits the fixed firing pin. ‘Type 89 Small Time Fuze © Use: Smoke projectiles for. the 50 mm grenade discharger and illuminating projectiles for the 70-mm Mortar and the 70-mm howitzer. Description: Over-all length: 1% inches, Maximum Diameter: 1. inches. ‘Threaded Length: inch. Number of Threads: 4, left-hand. - Construction: ‘The. fuze is made of brass, con- sisting of the main’ body and a nose cap fitted together by L. H. threads. There are two brass time rings, one.being fixed and the other movable. ‘The primer is located in the lower part of the fuze and’is separated from the striker by s spring. ‘The’ striker is also supported by a safety wire which passes through the nose of the fuze. Operation: ‘The safety wire holding the striker is removed before the projectile is fired. On sgh “back the striker moves down against the spring to hit the primer. The flash from ‘this ignites the powder train, which burns through the two time rings into the magazine at the base of thc fuze. - Remarks: ‘This fuzo his a time setting of 0. tc 20 seconds in increments of second.ARMY PROJECTILE FUZES > I SAFETY a STRIVER CREEP SPRING FIXED Time NG MOVEABLE TIME 1G BLACK FORDER WAGE IME 407JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Type 89 Powder Time Fuze ‘Use: H. E. projectites for the 75-min and 105-rom antiaireralt guns. Description: Over-all length: 3% inches, Maximum diameter: 2X inches. ‘Threaded length: % inch. Number of threads: 4, right-hand surrounding the spindle, the firet and third | fixed. The second and fourth rings are move and keyed so that they move.as one unit. Hou = : Construction: This fuze is made of brass and consists of a nose cap, a central spindle, and four powder time rings. Of the four powder rings Fiaee THe ne “evEABLE Tsk ANE “GUEAB Ae PROEH Figure 330—Type 89 Powder Time Fure. * 408whieh is separated from the movable primer by a > in the base of the central spindle is a firing pin "The base plate contains a sinell coiled spring, fash charge of black powder Operation between Q and 30 seconds in increments of second, On set-back the pritner moves down onto the fixed firing pin, sending « flash up through ‘This fuze may be set for any tine : Avxi ARMY PROJECTILE FUZES the central spindle to the upper tira + the flesh i mitted to a black-powsler magazine aul there lust poirder time ring Iurus an wusiliury detonating five conjunction with this fie aud is the separately furne is abs used an Ni tiles the fuze pork Remarks antiniceraft proj ry Detonating Fuze Use: In conjunction with the type 89° (powder +» time), type 2 powder time and impact fuze and type 100 mechanical time and impact fuze. Description: . d Over-all length: 1'Xe inches. . i Length (without gaine): 1 inches. i ‘Maximum diameter: 1 inches. ‘Phreaded length: Ys inch.. Number of threads: 7, right-hand. _ Figere 331—Auxiliary Detonating Fuze. sautter eon vosJAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Construction: Thissfuze is made of two brass sections. The top portion is threaded (R. HL.) externally to fit into the fuze poeket and internally to receive the base portion. Centrally located in the top plate is a flash hole leading'to a relay charge and the gaine. The°mechaniam housed within the fuze consists of an arming collar supported by a coiled spring and the cars of a circumferential latch spring. In the unarmed position, a metal shutter, held in place by the lower portion of the lytch spring, close # flash channel from the relay charge to the gaine. ‘The guine threads into Uhe lower portion. Operation: On set-back the arming collar moves down, engaging the cars of the lah spring, During. deelernjon, the coiled spring raises Ute arming collar and lglch spring, frecing the shutter, which moves out with centrifugal force wud leuve: the flaah channel open. 0 Type 3rd-Yr. Combination Powder Time and Impact Fuze ‘Use: 75-mm shrapnel and old H. E. projectiles. Description: Overall length: 2%: inches. Maximum diameter: 24 inches. ‘Threaded length: % inch. Number of threads: 4, right-hand. Construction: This fuze is mede of brass. A central spindJe and base section are made in one piece. Two powder time rings (the upper fixed, the lower movable) are fitted around the spindle and held in place by # nose cap, which threads onto the top of the spindle. The time-ring primer is housed iri the nose cap and before firing is supported by a safety pin which passes through FTW NG LP SHIN bot buick FonoE Figure 332—Type 3d-year Combination Powder Time ond Impact Fure. 410 -eee eee ee eee eee eee eee RESTRICTED Seedy sores : ARMY PROJECTILE FUZES ie and the nose cap, ‘Phe primer is who supported tine ring: primer moves down onta, thr tings pw by an urming sleeve. A partition in the hollow ‘Phe flash {eum Une priter pussies Uurtigh «tests spindle has a firing piv on both sides. A second — Channel to the upper dime ring. ‘Te’ promder movable primer (infact primer) is hodsed in the base uf the spindle, Ht is held in place by two nidugal detents and separated from the firing : Centrifugal force causes Ue detente ts suave cnt in by a coiled spring. A base plate threads into Bt bin by ee 8 freeing the impact primer, und, af the prjes tie the base section “and contains a blac magazine. ‘The movable time ring graduated — hits before from 0 co 22 seconds in increments of & second, primer’ cart Operation: Before firing, the safety pin is re firing pin, T Wash from thy priner sets off Ube moved and the time ring sey On setback the — .black-powder imaguzine jt {as 5th-Year Combination Powder Time and lrapact Fuze : tru Jeuds through Uke tine rings down twerthe luck powder magazine. 7 -powder the Gime setting Mies clapoed, che moves uguinst the spring onto Ue \-Usel_75-mm shrapnel, incendiary, and illuminat- _/ ing projectiles, 105-mm shrapnel and incendiary ~ projectiles, and 150mm shrapnel and illumi- nating projectiles. : \ + Figure 333—Type 5th-year Combination Powder Time and Impact Fuze. ) i i : : eee AllJAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Description: Overall length: 2%. inichas. aximum diaméter; 2% inches, “os Thread length: inch. \o Number-of threads: 3, right end. ‘Construction: “Thi fuze is mide of-bra6o., A central’ spindle and base, section are of one piece. ~vand -beld in place by. s,‘nose’ cap which .threads cap is an serial-burst ‘primer carrieg peatedvin « * wp and loyfer\gowder Lime rings “Threo powder tithe rings are fitted.over the spindle: .° moved and the time rings et. onto the top of the spindle. ; Housed in the'nose” e plate threads inthe base section avdlick-powder thagazine. The re keyed to- ., Bother and: poveble; the cénter ring is stationary. "The yings gre greduated from 0 to 36.6 seconds in. increments of i second, ~ Operation: Before, firing,. the: saféty pin is re- On setback, the, ecridl burst; ‘primer moves’ down. onto ‘the sta- tionary firing pin, and, the resulting, ash ignites, through :«' flashy, chanhel; meta) cup: The base of this cup has one cen- _ tally located hole! The top of -the sides are flaugéd and rest. on a shoulder of” the spindle:. “A safety (pin is-fitted through * cap. and’ the. primer, carrier, A partition. i hollow “spindle contains a fring pin™:pointed on either end. Housed’ in Une base “of the spindle it is a deteht-held® movable inipact. primer. carrier 7 hich separated rpm he Bring pin by « old The powder” train le ‘tile hits before bie time’ uae has el clap the © primer cérrier moves agaitist the spring ont firing pin: |The flush -ftoui the primer-scts off te Mack powder mageine, : wt Use: Antiaiforift ‘ammunition. for type. 14-year e 165-nm A.A. ao and type 90 98-m,. A ‘‘& een sk ingbes. 7 Ly : Sonu "Hahoter: 2X tachos, Co wie . s, " ct projectile fue, ‘The * .,” : “ 3 work méchanisin is! éssentially the e “ga alloy win id adds form to’ the fut eerste 2 houses: ‘the upper end of the setback hgimmer. a She, timesetting rigg, asseribly ring, and lower + . , fuze body are made ‘of an alumitiufa alloy) The® 2 clockwork mechanism is housed in the time “ring and asseimbly ring. ‘THe time firing’ assennbly + ceonsista of a pfimar gap under which is ‘lack - powder flash. chantiel leading to's small ‘black- Powder megazino in the baeo plug. - ‘The impact Bee firing, assembly consists of a stationary fiting pin H papers tpl ¢moyeble peter carer byeerbacx wines G ME SETTING RING LUO MEANS PACK RANG PIM Tie STRLYER MOVEABLE PRIMER GARRLER y eeuy Figure 334—Type 100 Mechanical Time and Impact Fuze... spring. Two spring-loaded detents are engaged in the slot of the primer carrier until the projectile . is rotating in fight. . o Operation: ~Time:, See Navy type 9t. “A qe. ~: Impact: Centrifugal force moves the detente - : j from tho slot in the primer carrier and the primed carrier is then free to overcome the spring and hit the fixed firing pin upon ¢ vimpact.” A small black powder charge flashes to the base magazine which in turn fires the auxiliary detonating fuze. The” 7 Army auxiliiry detonating fuze is used in . conjunction with the type 100.JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE : STRIKER EXTENS 10H sratien NOSE PIECE- * berent VENT LOCKING RING: \. «VENT POSITJONING SLEEVE: TIME STRIKER oo UPPER TIME R)NG = UGRER TIME RING FLASH CHANNEL: TIME PRIMER “BLACK POWDER Figure 335—Type 2 Combination Powder Time and Impact Fuze, oe : Type 2 Combination Powder Time and Impact a uze 7 ‘Threaded ler % inch. Number of 4, right-hand. 414ARMY PROJECTILE FUZES . 7 Construction: This fuze is constructed of brass and aluminum.» The fuze body, time rings, vent positioning sleeve, and vont locking ring are made of brass; while the vent cap, nosé piece, and base plug are of cen ‘The striker exterision is wood. ‘The movable time train has setting markings from 1 to 44 seconds, in half-second intervals. ‘Tho vent positioning sleeve separates: the time - rings ‘from’ ‘the central fuze body, ‘and vertical grooves in this sleeve allow the gases from the Durning time rings to pass‘off. “A key prevents the sleeve from. turning, and the upper time ring. “is also held stationary by a key which threads into the ceritral fuze body. - ‘The vent locking ting'-threads ‘on the contra * fuz3 body: and’ secures the time rings and the sleeve: , It is held off.the upper ring by belleville springs. The ring’ is further secured by a grub screw. . = . ‘The vent cap threads onto the-upper time ring and contains holes for the escape of gases. Contained in the nose cap is the compléte im- pact firing mechanism, consisting of's wooden striker extension, striker, contrifigal detent, de- tent spring, and primer éap. f 7 ‘The fuze bédy has two longitudinal flash chan- néls through its “central ‘pat to. allow the flash {Gom phe impact primer to ignite the biack-powder magazing in the base. ‘The time firing-pin sufe spring, and time primer eap are also housed in the central fuze body, A transverse hole in tho body between the'time firing mechanism and the upper time ring’ allows the flash of the primer cap to ignite the upper time ring: ‘The fuze is stored with a protective cap screwed on the fuze body just.below the lower Sime ring. Operation: ‘Time 'Set-back initiates’ the time striker. Because of four longitudinal grooves in the atriker, the flash escapes to and through. the transverse opening to the’ upper powder ring. From the lower powder ring « black powder lash schannel ignites ube black- * powder magazine in the base. « Impeet: ‘The detent moves from under “tite striker. with centrifugal force. On impact the nose is crushed, driving the striker onto the primer cap.” The flash passes through, the, flash’channel in the central fuze body ‘to-the blatk-powder magazine in the base. Type 94 Small-Delay Base Fuze (/ & Over-all length: 'No data. |. “Use: AP-HLE, projectiles for 87-mm tank and oe s _ -Maximum diameter; 1%; inches. . ‘Thronded lerigth: ¥ inch, * foe ‘Number of threads; '8, right-hand. Construction: The fuze is made of one piece of . ‘black steel which houses the base plate, striker, arming sleeve, creep-spring and ring train. after end of the striker. fits into. recess in: ‘The - the « base plate and has.an enlargéd shoulder to engage thé.erming jleeve. ‘A creep spring is housed in the: arming. sleeve “resting ‘between the primer” housing ‘and.an inner shoulder of the arming . * ‘The striker is held from the prinier by &JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE ee a “RESTRICTED Seevnty fetta + , ocrouree EASE PLATE Figure 336—Type 94 Small-Deloy Base Fuze. Operation: On set-bapk the shear wire isbroken. The arming sleove moves back and is wedged on e after end of the striker, exposing the forward hd of the striker beyond the forward end-of the arming sleeve. On impact the striker and arming sleeve, which now act as one piece, move down against the creep spring with the striker, piercing the primer. Type'92 Smal! Short-Delay Base Fuze Use: A.P. projectiles for 57-mm tank guns. Description: Over-all length: 2%¢ iriches. Maximum diameter: 1% inches. ‘Threaded length: *%s inch, Number of threads: 9. ‘Threaded onto the base of the Construction: 416 fuze body is a metal cap which serves only as a cover'for the centrifugal detente. ‘Threaded into the forward section is the explosive train carrier.I) auld eet Figure 337—Type 92 Smol The fuze body houses two centrifugal détents,- a striker and a”ereep spring. The‘ detenta, fitting into & circular groove, hold the striker from the primer, | : “ Small Mk 2 Base Detonating Fuze ARMY PROJECTILE FUZES eco Pees Il Short-Delay Base Fure. Operation: . With centrifugal force the spring- loaded detents inove out, leaving the striker free ‘fo.move onto the primer on‘impsct. UserA. P. projectiles for the 47-mm antitank Description: : Over-all length (with gaine): 2% inches, Over-all length (without gaine): 1X« inches. @ : “Maximum diemeter: 1% inches Threaded length: % meb. Number of threads: 9 right-hand. ’ $177 JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Construction: This fuze fs made of black steel. in one piece. The rear end is drilled out to take the tracer. Housed in the forwafd part of the fuze and separated by a coiled spring, are « tnov- able primer and a fixed firing’ pin. ‘The firing pin contains @ flash channel which leads to the explo- me ‘ ® i‘ 418 * 4 MOVEABLE PRIMER RACER cAVITY/ + Figure 338—Mk 2 Small Base-Detoooting Fuze. sive train, ‘The gaine is threaded (R. H.) into the front of the fuze, Operation: There are no arming features in this’ fuze. On impact, the primer moves down" onto the firing pin. ‘The resulting flash passes through @ small hole beside the firing pin into the guint t ; ‘ . * ,ARMY PROJECTILE FUZES Small Mk 1 Base Detonating Fuze Use: Type 137. Deseription Over-all length (with gaine) Maximum diameter: 144 ine ¥ Phrewded length: 1 inch. a Number of threads: 7 Construction: This fuze is identical to the small fe Mk 2 except for size. a Operation: ‘The operation is the same as for the small Mk 2 fuze, nA. P. projectiles inelws TAACER COMPOS: iON mrs canna CREP SPRING Fins Fen Figure 339—Mk 1 Small Bore-Detonating Fure. 419JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Medium Mk 1 Impact Base Fuze Use: ,75-mm A, P-H. E, —projectiles for the type 41 and 94 mountain guns and the type 90 field gun. Description: : Over-all length (with gaine): No data, Over-all length’ (without gaine): 2 inches. Maximum diameter: 2M inches. ‘Threaded length: ‘Xe Number of threads: Construction: This fuze is made of black steel into two separate parts, which are threaded sepa- rately into the base of the projectile. The rear part contains a tracer element which is separated from the working mechaniam of the fuze by a steel + partition. ‘The working mechanism: consist of 420 Fe Figure 340—Mk 1 Medium Impact Base Fuze. Fins Fate ray re uek cai eR werent acta caver 10S NG PLU i a two spring-loaded detenta which fit into a cireum- ferential recess in the metal primer carrier and when in the unarmed position hold te primer carrier from the firing pin. There is » sutall coiled spring located between the firing piu and the primer carrier. The firing pin has (wo sill flash channels leading down to the explosive gaine. The gaine-threads into the fuae pocket with threads of the same diameter as the fuze proper. Operation: Centrifugal force moves the detents out from the primer carrier, which is then sepa rated from the stationary firing-pin by the spring only. On impact, the primer moves down upor firing pin, Hashing through the flash chanuels w the gaine.ARMY PROJECTILE FUZES Type 88 Small (Howitzer-Mortar) Base Fuze Use: 12-cin AL P. project type 38 (howitzer) and A. P. projectile for-150-tnm howitzers, Description: Over-all length: 54 inchee. Maximum diameter: 1 inehea ‘Threaded length: Xy inch, right-hand Construction: This fuze consists of an after see- tion which houses the striker, centrifugal detents, and delay train, and a forward section housing the gaine. The base of tho after section ix threaded a a Figure 341—Type 88 Small (Howitzer-Mortor) Base Fuze. - externally to-thread inti: the’ base fuze carrier ‘The brass otriker contains & cireurnfereatiul yroovg, into which two centrifugal detenta are fitted. In flight a creep spring separates the striker from the {—————- starien ‘SEWTALFUGAL OETENTS i 421