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Positive Material Identification Piping Book API 570
Positive Material Identification Piping Book API 570
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SECTIO N 1 2
PosrrrvEMArE@ICArroN
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POSITIVE MATERIAL
iorNrmrcATloN (PMI)TESTING
of a mat'eriai
Any physical evaluation or test
which has been
material'
the
that
i"
consistent
""itfitt"
*iff be placed into service is
alloy material
"t
*irtt ,tt" selected or specified
These
by the owner/user'
J"tignu*a
either
provide
evaluations or tests may
ts
that
informatton
oualitative or quantitative
alloy
nominal
the
to verify
l"fn"i"",
composition.
PMI Test Methods:
are available
A variety of PMI test methods
materials'
all
of
identify
the
;; d";;ti""
X-ray
itr" oti*uw methods include Portable
emiss.ion
portable optical
n"oi.t""*",
chemical
,o""oor.opY,
'-A and laboratory
test
several
of
description
u'nuiotit.
below'
methodsis listed
Portabte X'RaY Fluorescence:
portable X-ray
There are several variants of
The
fluorescence specfiometersavailable'
more
or
one
that
principle of operationis
generatea
got,*u ray sources are used to
excite the
to
rays
gamma
bean of low energy
unoer
matenal
The
material under analysis'
sp?c1ruT
characteristic
a
analysis ther'rernits
both
oi- i-iuv* which may be analyzed
determlne
qualitatively and quantitatively to
in what
and
present
are
elements
which
quantitY.
reportedin
The resultsof this analysiscan be
formats:
either or both of the following
reference
a.
-' As a match againstone of many
316
i'e''
instrument'
the
,f""ou rto,"d in
steel'
Mo
lz
Cr
5
or
siainlesssteel
as a
b. Each elementpresentis reported
percentage'
of the
Belause of the inherent iimitations
all
detect
to
i""hr,iqo", it is not possible
(S)
can
sulfir
than
elements.Elements lighter
X-ray
not be detected using portable
this
Therefore'
fluorescence specrometers'
(C)'
carbon
detect
to
used
be
techniquecarurot
Portable Opticat Emission Spectrometry:
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the test
I
An electic arc stimulates atoms in
oI
specrum
sample to emit a characteristic
The
iigrti r"t each element in the sample'
different
from
co'mbined light spectra
are passedthrough a light guide to
the
"t"*"nr*
ihe optical inalyzer. In the analyzer'
spectral
its
into
dispersed
iigtti' it
and then measured and
"8*pon.n*,
stored calibration curves'
against
evaluated *emission
techniquecan typically
itre opticat
caret'ul
t,A.ntiiy up to 16 elements' Under
can
insffuments
controlled conditions, some
Xto
Similar
atro iO"ntify carbon content'
be
can
results
devices,
iuy noot"t"ence
or
match
spectral
a
r"pon.a in either
.
portable
Some
mode'
percentage
elemental
indicate
optical spectroscopesdo not directly
produce.an
but
composition,
or
gtuO.
uitoy
that
ourput"lnthe form of visible light spectra
identifi^cation'
oermit semiquaiitative alloy
the field' a
Frio. ,o use of this techniquein
tI a
determine
to
review should be conducted
hot work Permit is required'
Anatyiis:
Chemical Laboratory Chemical
znziiysis
Owner/user-approveci materiai
using X-ray emissionspectromery'
laboratories,
spectrometryor wet chemical
emission
optical
analyical
tiattrt .- prouitL the most accurate
typically
rs
accuracy
,"ruit fo, alLelements'The
f9t
needed
*".tt tigtt* ttran is normally
Y
the
involve
may
testing. Laboratory analysis
material'
the
of
amounts
t"t""A of significant
PMI test
*a it typi"uUy slower than field
techniques.
Associates'La Grange'Texas
Copyight 20020 Schindler&
133
SECTION12
POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION (PMI'}
(sEE APr RP s78)
Provided Courtesy of the American Petroleum Institute (API)
Equipment Calibration :
ffit
PersonnelQualifications:
The person(s)performing PMI test should be
knowledgeable
aboutall aspectsof operation
of the PMI testequipmerltand the PMI test
methodused. Qualificationsof the person
performingthe PMI test, including training
and experience,should be submittedfor
review and approval by the owner/user.
PMI Test Records:
TypicallyPMI testrecordsshouldcontain:
a. reference
to the PMI testprocedure(s)
used.
b. dateof testing.
c. !e-q!--!Ir_s1ru
ryent i dentific ati on num ber or
serialnumber,where appropriate.
d. Nameof eachpersonand company
perlbrmingthe test.
e . r e s u l l so 1 ' t h et e s t s .
f. basisand actionfor resolving and
documentingPMI test nonconformance's
includingthosethat have been left in
service.
Copyright 2002@Schindler& Associates,La Grange,Texas- All rights reserved.Do not copy or distribute.
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.-134
Schindler& Associates
SECTION12
(SEEAPI RP 578)
Institute (APl)
Provided Courtesy of the American Petroleunr
copy or distribute'
La Crange'Texas All riehts reserved.Do not
Copyright2002@Schindler& Associates'
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PMITest ProcedureUsed:
ffi
ClienVLocation:
Specification:
HeatNumber:
Accept:
Reiect:
Comments:
Specitication:
HeatNumber:
Accept:
Reiect:
Comments:
Accept:
Reiect:
Comments:
Accept:
Reject:
Comments:
2\
3)
5)
3)
4)
5)
Specification:
MSS/ASMEStandard:
2\
3)
r)
SFA #:
AWS Class:
1)
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Date Ol Test:
Person PerformingTest;
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SECTION12
POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION (PMI)
(sEE APr RP s78)
Provided Courtesv of thc American llclrrtleum Institute (API)
ffir
ry
ry
ry
r35
Schindler& Associates
l . ' :
InspectorsSignature:
Date: