ECHE 311/SPRING 2015

Problem Set #10

The Gamma/Phi Formulation of VLE
1. Assuming Raoults law to be valid for the system acetonitrile (1)/nitromethane (2)
(a) Prepare Pxy diagram for a temperature of 100oC.
(b) Prepare a txy diagram for a pressure of 101.33 kPa
Vapor pressure of pure species are given by the following Antoine equations ( Pi sat in
kPa and t in

C)
ln P1sat 14.2724

2,945.47
t 224.00

ln P2sat 14.2043

2,972.64
t 209.00

2. Prepare a Pxy diagram for a temperature of 90oC and txy diagram for a pressure of 90
kPa for the system bezene (1)/ethylenbenzene (2). Vapor pressure of pure species are
given by Antoine equation (use Table 1 which lists parameter values for the Antoine
equation.)
3. Assuming Raoults law to apply to the system n-pentane (1)/n-heptane (2)
1
2

sat
sat
(a) What are the values of x1 and y1 at t=55oC and P= ( P1 P2 ) ? For these

conditions plot the fraction of the system that is vapor V vs overall composition
z1 .
Hint:

Use Antoine Eqs. to calculate P1sat , P2sat and

P.

Since for Raoults law P is linear in x, at the specified P, x1 must be

0.5
Find y1 for x1 =0.5
For given pressure, the overall composition z1 ranges from the liquid
composition at the bubble point to the vapor composition at the dew
V ( z1 ) ; V is
point. Material balance is z1 x1 (1 V ) y1V ;
obviously linear in z1 ;
( z1 x1, x1 0.01.. y )
Plot V ( z1 ) vs z1 .
4. Assuming Raoults law to apply to the same system as in P .3 [ n-pentane (1)/n-heptane
(2)]. Plot P , x1 , and y1 vs V .
Hint:

At fixed T and z1 , calculate x1 , y1 and P as a function of fraction

vapor (V )
sat
sat
z1 =0.5 ; Guess: x 0.5 ; y 0.5 ; P = P1 (T ) P2 (T )
2

Eqs. which relate x1 , y1 and P for given (V ) are:

P xP1sat (T ) (1 x ) P2sat (T )

yP xP1sat (T )

z1 (1 V ) x Vy
Plot x1 , y1 and P as a function of fraction vapor (V )
V=0.0.1..1.0

5. A liquid mixture of cyclohexanone (1)/phenol(2) for which x1 =0.6 is in equilibrium

with its vapor at 144oC, determine the equilibrium pressure P and vapor pressure
composition y1 from the following information:
G E / RT A(T ) x1 x2

At 144oC

P1sat =75.20 and P2sat 31.66kPa

The system forms an azeotrope at 144oC for which x1az y1az 0.294
Hint:

At the azeotrope x1 = y1 and 1 =

2 P1sat

Therefore
;
1 P2sat

Calculate the coefficient A

ln(

2
) A( x12 x22 );
1

P
Pi sat

x1 and x2 are defined

ln 1 Ax2 2 ; ln 2 Ax12 ;
ln(

P2sat
P1sat

x22 x12

Evaluate the values for A, 1 and 2 using above equations and calculate
P y1 .