EEE 309

Communication Theory
Instructor: Tishna Sabrina
Summer 2016
Lecture 20
DM, Line Coding

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Communication Theory: Lecture 20

Issues with Delta Modulation

Large Granular noise.

Small Slope-overload distortion.

Step size is too large relative to local slope

Step size is too small for the staircase approximation to follow
steep slope

Solution Adaptive Delta Modulation

At large slope values is large
At small slope values is small

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Communication Theory: Lecture 20

Line Coding

The digital o/p of a source encoder is converted into

electrical pulses (/waveforms) for the purpose of
transmission over the channel.
Desirable properties of line coding:
1.
2.

3.
4.
5.
6.

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Transmission BW should be as small as possible.

Power efficiency: For a given BW and specified detection error
rate, the transmitted power should be as small as possible.
Good error detection and correction capability.
Favorable PSD: Should have zero dc component.
Timing content should be adequate.
Transparency: Should correctly transmit independent of bit stream
sequence.

Communication Theory: Lecture 20

Power Spectral Density (PSD)

Pulse duration = Tb. Consequently, transmission rate, Rb = 1/Tb.

For polar signaling, essential BW is seen to be 2Rb, which is 4 times the
theoretical BW.
Bipolar signaling requires less BW.
Contains no dc component.

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Communication Theory: Lecture 20

Regenerative Repeaters

Three basic functions

1.
2.

3.

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Reshaping the incoming pulses by means of an equalizer.

Extraction of timing information required to sample incoming pulses at
optimum instants, and
Decision making based on the pulse samples.

Communication Theory: Lecture 20