CLOUD CHAMBER

Gii thiu: Tia v tr l cc ht v tr lin tc va chm vi Tri t. Khi chng

am v kh quyn, chng to ra cc chm ht nh hn v hnh ri xung mt
t.
Cloud Chamber l mt m hnh n gin m hiu qu gip chng ta c
th quan st c cc ht ny.

Nguyn liu: * B thy tinh (nha) trong sut (nh mt b c), c np y rn

(nha hoc kim loi
* N
* Ethanol
* kh.
Cc bc:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Ct n n kch thc ca y b. t tm n xung y b.

Tm tm n vi ru n khi bo ha. i lng d tha.
lp b nm ln kh. Trc nn xp kh ln khay ng.
Lt b p ngc xung lm sao cho tm n vn dnh vi y, v t ming
b khp vi np.
5. Ch khong 10 pht tt n v chiu n pin vo b.

Hin tng:
1. Ru thm trong tm n chm ri bay hi vo khng kh. Nhng khi hi
ru n gn kh, n b lm lnh v c xu hng ngng t thnh dng
lng. Khng gian b qu bo ha, rt gn vi im sng trong kh quyn.
Ging nh git nc ng trn ngn c vo sng sm, cc phn t ru
trong khng kh s to ra git ru nh ging my trn mi vt th n c
th dnh vo.

2. Khi mt chm ht bay vo Cloud Chamber (bung my), n m vo cc

phn t khng kh v y ra electron ca cc phn t y, bin cc phn t
thnh ion. Hi ru b thu ht bi cc ion v dnh vo chng, to ra cc
git ru nh. Kt qu l mt du vt nh du ng bay ca cc chm
ht c to ra.
3. C rt nhiu loi ht c th i qua Cloud Chamber. C th s kh khan
pht hin s khc bit, nhng ta tht s c th phn bit c cc ht da
vo du vt chng li.
Vt ngn, m

Khng phi l chm tia v tr. Vt ngn m c to ra khi phn t ra-ng

trong kh quyn to ra chm ht alpha. Ra-ng l nguyn t phng x t nhin,
nhng lng cht ran-ng cha trong kh quyn nh nn phng x ca n
khng ng k. Tia alpha bay ra t phn t ran-ng c mc nng lng thp,
nn chng li vt ngn, dy.

Vt di, thng

y l vt i din cho ht muon, mt ht c nhiu im chung vi electron.

Muon c to ta khi tia v tr m vo kh quyn. V muon c th tch ln v
nng lng cao, chng to ra mt vt di v thng.

Vt zig zag v xon

Vt i din cho electron hoc postrion (phn ht ca electron). Hai ht ny c

to ra khi tia v tr va chm vi phn t kh quyn. Hai ht ny c khi lng
nh nn d dng bay chch hng khi va chm vi cc phn t khc.

Vt phn nhnh

Khi thy vt ny, ta va chng kin hin tng ht phn r. Rt nhiu ht khng
n nh v d dng phn r thnh cc thnh phn c mc nng lng n nh
hn.