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C R IM IN A L
a n d
p r o v id e s
C R IM E
a n
is
o n e
a re
c o n s id e r e d
a n
p r is o n
y o u
w h o
d iv is io n
is
in
o f
v io la tio n
fo r m a lly
n o t fo r m a lly
a c c u s e d , a n d
w e re
p u b lic
c h a rg e d
y o u
o f a
in
in
1 . G E N E R A L IT Y
A rt. 1 4 .
o f th e
in
d e fin e s
c r im e s ,
tre a ts
o f
th e ir
n a tu re ,
th e
th e
b e
if y o u
r ig h ts
n o t y e t a n
P H IL IP P IN E
h a v e
o f a n
it o r c o m m a n d in g
c o m m itte d
a c c u s e d
a c c u s e d , y o u
it
c a n
c r im e , y o u
e x c e p t w h e n
a s k
th e
a re
y o u
n o t
a re
in
n e a re s t c o u rt, th a t
fix e d .
C R IM IN A L
c r im in a l la w
fo r b id d in g
c o u rt
c a n n o t c la im
a re
la w
L A W
s h a ll a p p ly
P h ilip p in e s , r e g a r d le s s
o n
a ll p e r s o n s
o f n a tio n a lity , s e x , a g e
r e s id in g
o r s o jo u r n in g
o r c re e d .
C iv il C o d e
P e n a l la w s
s o jo u r n
tre a ty
O F
o u r P h ilip p in e
in
1 4
th a t
c o u rt e v e n
a m o u n t o f b a il fo r y o u r p r o v is io n a l lib e r ty
A r tic le
la w
p u b lic
c h a rg e d
d e ta in e d , y o u
C H A R A C T E R IS T IC S
o r
o r
a c t o r o m is s io n
N O T E : if y o u
a n d
b ra n c h
fo r th e ir p e n a ltie s .
A C C U S E D
th e
L A W
th e
a n d
th o s e
P h ilip p in e
o f p u b lic
te r r ito r y ,
s e c u r ity
s u b je c t
to
a n d
th e
s a fe ty
s h a ll b e
p r in c ip le s
o f
o b lig a to r y
p u b lic
u p o n
a ll w h o
in te r n a tio n a l la w
liv e
a n d
to
s tip u la tio n s
E X C E P T :
a . P r in c ip le s
b . T re a ty
c . L a w s
o f P u b lic
in te r n a tio n a l la w
S tip u la tio n s
o f P r e fe r e n tia l A p p lic a tio n
2 . T E R R IT O R IA L IT Y
P h ilip p in e
c r im in a l la w s
a re
a p p lic a b le
w ith in
th e
P h ilip p in e s te r r ito r ia l
ju r is d ic tio n .
A rt.
2 .
A p p lic a tio n
p r e fe r e n tia l
P h ilip p in e
o u ts id e
o f
a p p lic a tio n ,
its
th e
p r o v is io n s
A r c h ip e la g o , in c lu d in g
o f its
1 . S h o u ld
its
o ffe n s e
E x c e p t
o f
th is
w h ile
a s
C o d e
a tm o s p h e r e , its
ju r is d ic tio n , a g a in s t th o s e
c o m m it a n
p r o v is io n s .
p r o v id e d
s h a ll
in te r io r
b e
in
th e
tr e a tie s
e n fo rc e d
w a te rs
a n d
n o t
m a r itim e
a n d
o n ly
la w s
w ith in
o f
th e
z o n e , b u t a ls o
w h o :
o n
P h ilip p in e
s h ip
o r a ir s h ip .
N O T E S :
- s h ip
o r a ir s h ip
is
If
it
in
m u s t b e
a n o th e r
in
th e
c o u n try ,
o p e n
th a t
s e a s
o r in te r n a tio n a l w a te r s
c o u n try
w h e re
th e
s h ip
o r
a ir s h ip
is
lo c a te d
s h a ll
e x e r c is e
ju r is d ic tio n
2 .
S h o u ld
o b lig a tio n s
fo rg e
a n d
o r
c o u n te r fe it
s e c u r itie s
a n y
is s u e d
b y
c o in
th e
o r
c u rre n c y
n o te
G o v e rn m e n t o f th e
o f
th e
P h ilip p in e
P h ilip p in e
Is la n d s ;
Is la n d s
o r
N O T E S :
P h ilip p in e s
th e re
3 .
is
c a n n o t
a n
a s s e rt
e x tr a d itio n
S h o u ld
b e
o b lig a tio n s
lia b le
a n d
ju r is d ic tio n
tre a ty
fo r
a c ts
s e c u r itie s
a g a in s t
th e
a c c u s e d
if
th e
la tte r
is
lo c a te d
a b ro a d
u n le s s
fo r th a t p u rp o s e
c o n n e c te d
m e n tio n e d
in
w ith
th e
th e
in tr o d u c tio n
p r e s id in g
in to
th e s e
is la n d s
o f
th e
n u m b e r;
N O T E S :
D o e s
n o t in c lu d e
4 . W h ile
b e in g
in tr o d u c tio n
p u b lic
o f c o in s
o ffic e r s
o r
o r c u rre n c y
n o te s
e m p lo y e e s , s h o u ld
c o m m it a n
o ffe n s e
in
th e
e x e r c is e
o f
th e ir fu n c tio n s ; o r
N O T E S :
T h e
5 .
c r im e
m u s t b e
in
If ra p e
If m a lv e r s a tio n
S h o u ld
d e fin e d
w a s
th e
c o m m itte d
c o m m it
in
T itle
e x e r c is e
U S , U S
o r ille g a l e x a c tio n
a n y
O n e
in
o f th e ir p u b lic
o f
th e
o f B o o k
la w s
s h a ll a p p ly
w a s
c r im e s
T w o
fu n c tio n s
c o m m itte d , P h
a g a in s t
o f th is
n a tio n a l
la w s
s h a ll a p p ly
s e c u r ity
a n d
th e
la w
o f
n a tio n s ,
C o d e .
N O T E S :
-
P ir a c y
e v e n
c o m m itte d
3 . P R O S P E C T IV IT Y
n o
a b ro a d
p e rs o n
d o n e (n o
s h a ll b e
la w
p u n is h e d
p u n is h in g
fo r a n
a c t w h ic h
w a s
in n o c e n t w h e n
it)
N O T E S :
-
If y o u
b e
s p a t to d a y , a n d
p u n is h e d
a n
o r d in a n c e
w a s
p a s s e d
th e r e a fte r p u n is h in g
s p ittin g , y o u
c a n n o t
fo r th a t o r d in a n c e
Q U E S T IO N :
1 . M r. A
p e n a lty
- T h e
2 .
c o m m itte d
w a s
a m e n d e d
p e n a lty
M r.
p e n a lty
M u r d e r d u r in g
w a s
r ig h ts
w h e n
d e a th
F a v o r a b le
to
IN
th e
w a s
C A S E
p e n a lty ( R .A . 7 6 5 9 ) , th e n
d u r in g
a c c u s e d
o f
R e c lu s io n
P e rp e tu a ,
p e n a lty ( R .A . 7 6 5 9 ) d u r in g
s h a ll b e
a p p lie d , th e
a c c u s e d
D O U B T
a n d
s tr ic tly
la w
o n
d e a th
p r o m u lg a tio n .
a m e n d e d
O F
th e
a p p lie d
im p o s itio n
d e a th
P e rp e tu a
o f d e a th
P e rp e tu a
s h a ll b e
d u r in g
im p o s e
p e n a lty
IN T E R P R E T A T IO N
-
to
o f R e c lu s io n
R e c lu s io n
P e rp tu a
M u rd e r
a m e n d e d
p e n a lty
im p o s e
o f R e c lu s io n
c o m m itte d
- T h e
to
im p o s itio n
a g a in s t th e
S ta te
th e n
th e
la w
o n
d e a th
p r o m u lg a tio n .
h a v e
a lr e a d y
a c q u ir e d
v e s te d
N O T E S :
th
b o y
lia b le
u n d e r
w h ile
w h o
k ille d
s in c e
th e re
n in e
a
(9 )
is
d o u b t
o f a g e
o v e r
S o
it w a s
e x e m p t a s
c la s s m a te
y e a rs
p e rs o n
d is c e r n m e n t.
b e c a u s e
h is
if
n in e
th e
h is
o n
in
th e
is
b ir th d a y
p r o v is io n
e x e m p t fro m
(9 )
b o y
h is
a n d
w ill
u n d e r
k ill
a re
to
b e
a n d
th e
a c tin g
la w .
(1 5 )
c la s s m a te
e x is t a s
in te r p r e te d
y e a rs
h is
in
1 2 ,
d is c e r n m e n t is
p a r.
(e v e n
o ld
w h e n
to
lib e r a lly
w ith
A rt.
c r im in a l lia b ility
fifte e n
h is
b ir th d a y , d o u b t w o u ld
p e n a l la w s
o f
h e
if h e
is
a c te d
n o t
w a s
th a t
w ith
e x e m p t
e x a c tly
c r im in a l lia b ility .
fa v o r o f th e
n o t c r im in a lly
p r o v id e s
if
H e
p e rs o n
d is c e r n m e n t)
h e
n in e
a c te d
(9 )
is
w ith
y e a rs
w ill b e
a c c u s e d . T h is
o ld
c o n s id e r e d
th e
P r o
R e o
D o c tr in e .
In
c a s e
s in c e
o f c o n flic t b e tw e e n
R P C
w a s
a p p ro v e d
th e
in
S p a n is h
S p a n is h
te x t a n d
E n g lis h
te x t, S p a n is h
la w
fe lo n ie s
te x t s h a ll g o v e r n
te x t.
F E L O N IE S
A r t. 3 . D e fin itio n s .
F e lo n ie s
a re
T h e re
d e c e it
is
A c ts
c o m m itte d
w h e n
w r o n g fu l a c t r e s u lts
a n d
o m is s io n s
n o t o n ly
th e
fro m
a c t
b e
is
p u n is h a b le
m e a n s
b y
a re
o f d e c e it ( d o lo ) b u t a ls o
p e rfo rm e d
w ith
d e lib e r a te
im p r u d e n c e , n e g lig e n c e , la c k
b y
in te n t
( d e lito s ) .
m e a n s
a n d
o f fa u lt ( c u lp a ) .
th e re
o f fo r e s ig h t, o r la c k
is
fa u lt
w h e n
th e
o f s k ill.
N O T E S :
R e c k le s s
Im p ru d e n c e
E x : R e c k le s s
J a s o n
Iv le r , c h a r g e d
r e s u ltin g
-
in
c r im e
w ith
g u ilty
c a n n o t
g ro u n d
R e c k le s s
to
th e
fro m
a n y
its e lf a n d
to
n o t o n ly
m e a n s
to
c o m m it a
c r im e
H o m ic id e
Im p ru d e n c e
c h a rg e
th e re fo re
o f d o u b le
r e s u ltin g
b e
p e rs o n
th a t w h ic h
lia b le
fo r
in
H o m ic id e
fe lo n y
Im p ru d e n c e
R e c k le s s
a r is in g
C r im in a l lia b ility
c o m m ittin g
h e
o f R e c k le s s
je o p a r d y , b o th
A r t. 4 . C r im in a l lia b ility .
1 . B y
b y
r e s u ltin g
a n d
R e c k le s s
Im p ru d e n c e
S lig h t P h y s ic a l In ju r ie s
P le a d e d
h e
is
Im p ru d e n c e
fro m
r e s u ltin g
Im p ru d e n c e
s a m e
s h a ll a ls o
(d e lito ) a lth o u g h
S lig h t P h y s ic a l In ju r ie s ,
r e s u ltin g
o ffe n s e
b e
to
to
( R e c k le s s
H o m ic id e
o n
th e
Im p ru d e n c e )
in c u r r e d :
th e
w ro n g fu l a c t d o n e
b e
d iffe r e n t
in te n d e d .
N O T E S :
- c o m m ittin g
s u ic id e
is
n o t a
c r im e
w h e n
p e rs o n
w a s
k ille d
d u r in g
s u ic id e
Q U E S T IO N :
1 . W h e n
y o u
p la y e d
h e a rt a tta c k , a re
- N o , w h e n
2 .
T h e re
s e n a to r
h e
w a s
a fte r
y o u
P 1 0 0
y o u
h o ld
y o u
w a s
c r im in a lly
p o k in g
th e
g o v e rn o r
r e tir e m e n t,
m illio n , th e
th e
p r a c tic a l jo k e
ju s tic e
ju s tic e
lia b le ?
y o u r
n e ig h b o r a n d
u s e d
to y
g u n , th e
n e ig h b o r d ie d
o f
lia b le ?
to y
w h o
th e
o n
g u n
w a s
w ith o u t m a lic io u s
g o v e rn o r
a c c e p te d
k n o w
p lu n d e r e r ,
a p p ro a c h e d
th e
in te n t , h e
P 1 0 0
th e
th e re
ju s tic e
m illio n , la te r o n
w a s
w a s
a n d
th e
n o t c o m m ittin g
r e tir e d
to ld
h im ,
j u s tic e
ju s tic e
g o v e rn o r w a s
fe lo n y .
w h o
I
a m
ra n
fo r
g iv in g
c o n v ic te d , w ill
N o ,
h e
re tu rn
h a s
th e
n o
p a r tic ip a tio n ,
h e
r e c e iv e s
o n ly
b e n e fits ,
a n d
a t
m o s t
h e
c a n
o n ly
b e
a s k e d
to
a m o u n t
E x :
1 . E r r o r in
P e rs o n a e
( M is ta k e
in
Id e n tity )
E x :
A
h a d
tw in
m o n ito r e d
b ro th e r
c o m m ittin g
o f
th e
B
to
w a s
a ls o
o f B ,
in s id e
e n te re d
th e
c o m fo rt
c o m fo rt
ro o m ,
ro o m , A
w h e n
w a ite d ,
w e n t
o u t,
b y
A
in s ta n c e ,
s h o t
h im .
C , th e
W a s
fe lo n y ?
Y e s , A s
m o v e m e n t
w ro n g fu l a c t w a s
w h e n
s h o t C
h e
c o m m itte d
fe lo n y , h is
w r o n g fu l in te n t w a s
k ill B .
2 . A b e r r a tio
Ic tu s
( M is ta k e
in
th e
B lo w )
E x :
A
s h o t B
-
m is s e d
h im
Y e s , w h e n
k ill B
a n d
b u t th e
h e
th e
w a s
b u lle t h it h is
s h o o tin g
a t B , h e
w ro n g fu l a c t w a s
3 . P r a e te r In te n tio n e m
( in ju r io u s
fa th e r , is
w a s
th a t h e
r e s u lt is
h e
lia b le
fo r th e
c o m m ittin g
k ille d
h is
d e a th
o f h is
fe lo n y , h is
fa th e r?
w r o n g fu l in te n t w a s
to
fa th e r
g re a te r th a n
th a t in te n d e d )
E x :
H u s b a n d
s la p s
H u s b a n d
lia b le ?
y o u
-
2 .
y o u
b e c a u s e
fo r th e
s c ra tc h e d
s h e
o fte n
P h y s ic a l In ju r ie s
y o u r e n e m y
w ith
ta lk s ;
th e
c a u s e d
b y
w ife
th e
n a il c u tte r , a n d
fe ll
o n
s la p p in g
in fe c tio n
th e
flo o r
b u t a ls o
a n d
d ie d .
fo r th e
a ro s e , a n d
Is
th e
d e a th
c a u s e d
h is
d e a th
lia b le ?
Y e s , g r e a te r in ju r y
B y
a n y
p e rs o n
p ro p e rty , w e re
th e
w ife
Y e s , n o t o n ly
S u p p o s e
a re
h is
r e s u lts
p e r fo r m in g
it n o t fo r th e
a n
a c t
w h ic h
w o u ld
in h e r e n t im p o s s ib ility
e m p lo y m e n t o f in a d e q u a te
b e
o f its
a n
o ffe n s e
a g a in s t
p e rs o n s
a c c o m p lis h m e n t o r a n
o r in e ffe c tu a l m e a n s . (IM P O S S IB L E
o r
a c c o u n t o f
C R IM E S )
E x :
A
s a w
m a n
-
h is
w a s
m o r ta l e n e m y , B , ly in g
d e a d
N o ,
e v e n
b e c a u s e
b e fo re . Is
h e
h e
w a s
d o w n ,
lia b le
a lr e a d y
h e
g o t h is
g u n
a n d
w ith
in te n t to
k ill s h o t h im
b u t th a t
fo r M u rd e r?
d e a d
a t
th a t
tim e ,
th e
c r im e
w a s
Im p o s s ib le
C r im e
o f
M u rd e r
S u p p o s e
k n o w in g
th a t B
is
d e a d , s till s h o t h im , is
h e
lia b le
fo r M u r d e r o r Im p o s s ib le
C r im e
o f
C r im e
o f
M u rd e r?
-
N o t lia b le
fo r M u rd e r b e c a u s e
M u r d e r s in c e
S u p p o s e
-
ra p e d
Y e s ,
w o u ld
w a s
n o
B , n o t k n o w in g
s in c e
b e
th e re
a n
ra p e
n o w
o ffe n s e
is
w a s
in te n t to
a lr e a d y
k ill o n
th e
d e a d
n o t lia b le
p a rt o f th e
th a t th e
la tte r is
d e a d , is
c r im e
a g a in s t
p e rs o n s ,
a g a in s t p e r s o n s
a n d
o r p ro p e rty .
th e re
a n d
fo r Im p o s s ib le
d o e r.
a n
th e
Im p o s s ib le
la w
C r im e ?
p u n is h e s
a n
a c t
w h ic h
S u p p o s e
d a y s
to o k
a g o , is
h e
lia b le
N o , it is
S u p p o s e
-
fa n c y
h is
to o k
N o ,
B s
S u p p o s e
y o u
r in g , A
to o k
it, a n d
la te r o n
r e a liz e d
th a t it w a s
h is
r in g
th a t h e
lo s t 2
fo r T h e ft?
o w n
p r o p e r ty , b u t lia b le
r in g , k n o w in g
b e c a u s e
th a t it w a s
o f B s
h e
k n e w
it
it w a s
w a s
h is , is
h is
o w n
h e
lia b le
C r im e
fo r a n
p ro p e rty ,
in
o f T h e ft
Im p o s s ib le
Im p o s s ib le
C r im e
C r im e s ,
o f T h e ft?
y o u
d o
n o t
k n o w
y o u r p ro p e rty
s to le
c h e c k , th a t w a s
la te r o n
d is h o n o r e d , a r e
y o u
lia b le
C r im e
o f
T h e ft?
-
Y e s
a s
A rt. 5 . D u ty
n o t
o f th e
c o v e re d
k n o w le d g e
b y
la w ,
s a id
b y
o f
it
th ro u g h
In
p r o v id e d
th e
a n y
s a m e
a n d
w h ic h
s e n te n c e ,
th e
im p o s itio n
m a y
J u s tic e ,
th e
o f
d e e m
o f
a c ts
p ro p e r
d e c is io n ,
th e
to
b e
re p re s s e d
p e n a ltie s .
re p re s s
a n d
re a s o n s
s h o u ld
s h a ll
w h ic h
W h e n e v e r
a n d
w h ic h
re p o rt
to
in d u c e
b u t w h ic h
is
th e
th e
a re
c o u rt
h a s
n o t
p u n is h a b le
C h ie f
E x e c u tiv e ,
c o u rt
to
b e lie v e
th a t
s u b je c t o f le g is la tio n .
m a y
s tr ic t
b e
e x c e s s iv e
c a u s e d
b y
th e
d e e m e d
e n fo rc e m e n t
c le a r ly
in ju r y
w h ic h
e x c e s s iv e
c o u r t s h a ll s u b m it to
w h e n
th e
it
w ith
c a s e s
p ro p e r
m a d e
o f
in
th e
s ta te m e n t a s
th e
a n d
b e
w a y , th e
J u s tic e , s u c h
m a lic e
a c t
re n d e r
v s . P e o p le
c o n n e c tio n
la w ,
D e p a rtm e n t
a c t s h o u ld
th e
J a c in to
c o u r t in
th e
s h a ll
in
th e
C h ie f E x e c u tiv e , th r o u g h
p r o p e r , w ith o u t
o f
th e
s u s p e n d in g
p r o v is io n s
p e n a lty ,
ta k in g
th e
o f
th is
D e p a rtm e n t o f
th e
C o d e
e x e c u tio n
w o u ld
in to
c o n s id e r a tio n
lo n g
a s
th e
o f
r e s u lt
d e g re e
in
o f
o ffe n s e .
N O T E S :
-
In
B .P . 2 2 , y o u
In
P e o p le
A rt.
6 .
w e ll a s
A
v s
C o n s u m m a te d ,
th o s e
fe lo n y
is
w h ic h
o f e x e c u tio n
o v e r
is
a n
a c ts ,
fe lo n y
b y
a re
a re
w h ic h
n o t p r o d u c e
T h e re
n o t b e
a n d
w h e n
p re s e n t; a n d
p ro d u c e
re a s o n
d o e s
h a v e
fru s tra te d
w o u ld
it b y
re a s o n
d ra w e r o r m a k e r, a s
a n d
a tte m p t w h e n
a n d
th e
fru s tra te d ,
c o n s u m m a te d
a c c o m p lis h m e n t
d o
n e e d
V e n e r a c io n , ju d g e s
o f c a u s e s
th e
n o t
a tte m p te d , a re
th e
a s
w h e n
a
c a u s e
a ll
a c ts
a n
is s u e r .
p r e s c r ib e d
C o n s u m m a te d
th e
th e
p e n a lty
fe lo n ie s
a s
w ill o f th e
th is
w h ic h
o w n
its
e x e c u tio n
p e rfo rm s
a n d
a ll th e
a c ts
b u t w h ic h , n e v e r th e le s s ,
c o m m is s io n
e x e c u tio n
o r a c c id e n t o th e r th a n
fo r
o ffe n d e r
c o n s e q u e n c e
o f
a re
th e
n e c e s s a ry
in d e p e n d e n t o f th e
th e
y o u
im p o s in g
p u n is h a b le .
e le m e n ts
fru s tra te d
fe lo n y
in
fe lo n ie s .
o ffe n d e r c o m m e n c e s
p e rfo rm
o f s o m e
th e
d is c r e tio n
a tte m p te d
a ll
it is
n o
p e rp e tra to r.
o f a
fe lo n y
s h o u ld
d ir e c tl y
p ro d u c e
s p o n ta n e o u s
o r
th e
d e s is ta n c e .
N O T E S :
-
P e o p le
v s
O r ita ,
fru s tra te d
s ta g e
in
R a p e ,
a tte m p te d , if it to u c h e s , it is
c o n s u m m a te d .
V a le n z u e la
s u c h
v s
P e o p le ,
p o s s e s s io n , it is
-
n o
S o m e tim e s
th e re
n o
a tte m p te d , if th e
is
n o
a tte m p te d
th in g
a s
a c c u s e d
b e fo re
F ru s tra te d
g a in s
o r fr u s tra te d
p e n is
T h e ft,
to u c h e s
b e fo re
p o s s e s s io n , it is
s ta g e , s u c h
a s
th e
th e
th e
v a g in a ,
a c c u s e d
is
g a in s
c o n s u m m a te d .
c r im e
it
o f d e fa m a tio n
Q U E S T IO N :
W h a t is
-
a n
o v e rt a c t?
s o m e
th a n
p h y s ic a l a c tiv ity
a
m e re
fo llo w in g
its
v o lu n ta r y
a rre s te d
-
to ld
h im , is
th a t h e
h e
is
s h o ts . T h e
lia b le
if c a r r ie d
to
c o m m it a
o u t to
fru s tra te d
b y
p e r p e tr a to r , w ill lo g ic a lly
m e n
to
d e c la r in g
c a lls
its
p a r tic u la r c r im e , m o r e
c o m p le te
te r m in a tio n
e x te r n a l o b s ta c le s
a n d
n e c e s s a r ily
r ip e n
n o r b y
in to
th e
a lo n e
in
th e
m e n
th e n
w e re
to
k ill h is
w ife , h o w e v e r , th e
p o lic e
h e a rd
h im
a n d
p a r r ic id e ?
h is
a ll th e
h o ld - u p ; in s te a d
a rm e d
r a t p o is o n
fo r a tte m p te d
k n o w , A
a rm e d
p ro n e
o f th e
w ill b u y
a c t o f A
fo r a ll y o u
p la c e
n a tu r a l c o u r s e , w ith o u t b e in g
in te n tio n
o ffe n s e .
N o , m e re
S u p p o s e d
th e
o r p r e p a r a tio n , w h ic h
d e s is ta n c e
c o n c re te
S u p p o s e
p la n n in g
o r d e e d , in d ic a tin g
in te n t to
ra ts
in
k ill h is
w ife
is
th e ir h o m e , h is
s tr e e t h a ile d
fo r A tte m p te d
a n
o v e r t a c t s in c e ,
w ife .
p a s s e n g e r b a s s , th e
o f s to p p in g , a c c e le r a te d
c h a rg e d
n o t c o n s id e r e d
th e
b u s
d r iv e r k n o w in g
a n d
R o b b e ry , a re
th e
a rm e d
th e y
lia b le
m e n
th a t th e
fir e d
fo r s u c h
c r im e ?
-
N o , m e re
a c t o f tr y in g
s in c e
c a n n o t p e r c e iv e
S u p p o s e
y o u
a t 2 a m
in
th e
o p e n in g , h o w e v e r , a
lia b le
fo r s u c h
N o , b y
to
o n ly
w a s
th e
lo o s e n in g
th e
b e fo re
c r im e
o n ly
m e n
a rre s te d
th e
a n d
fir in g
a t th e
b u s
is
th e ir a c ts , th e ir in te n tio n
w e re
lo o s e n in g
th e m . T h e y
b o lts , a n d
h a lig i o f a
w e re
th e
n o t a n
w a s
b o lt o f a n
c h a rg e d
to
o v e rt a c t o f R o b b e ry ,
ro b .
e n c lo s u r e
fo r a tte m p te d
to
c re a te
ro b b e ry . A re
a n
th e y
th e
b e fo re
p e r c e iv e d
h o u s e
e n te r in g , th e r e
th a t th e y
w a s
b u rn e d
in te n d e d
v e ry
is
to
o n ly
a tte m p te d
tre s p a s s , a n d
c o m m it R o b b e r y .
s lig h tly , w h a t w a s
th e
c r im e
c o m m itte d ?
A rs o n
to rc h
to u c h e d
a n y
p a rt o f th e
h o u s e , th e
p o lic e m e n
a p p re h e n d e d
y o u , w h a t
c o m m itte d ?
A tte m p te d
S u p p o s e
b u s
c r im e ?
S u p p o s e
th e
th a t b y
m o r n in g , 2
p o lic e
th e ir a c ts , it c a n n o t b e
S u p p o s e
s to p
th e
A rs o n
ra g s
w e re
b u rn e d , a n d
th e re a fte r y o u
w e re
a p p re h e n d e d , w h a t w a s
th e
c r im e
c o m m itte d ?
A
s h o t B
-
in
h it h im
in
v ita l p a r t o f th e
th ro u g h
b o d y , b u t B
s u r v iv e d
d u e
to
tim e ly
m e d ic a l in te r v e n tio n
H o m ic id e /M u r d e r
th e
e n te re d
o w n e r.
h it h im
A rs o n
F ru s tra te d
s h o t B
-
F ru s tra te d
a n
h e a d , B
d ie d
H o m ic id e /M u r d e r
o p e n
w in d o w
a n d
a b o u t to
p u ll a
s a c k
o f r ic e , b u t w a s
b y th e
A tte m p te d
e n te re d
w a s
a b le
-
th ro u g h
to
F ru s tra te d
e n te re d
a n
o f th e
T h e
S u p p o s e
-
h o u s e , h e
w a s
in
a n
In h a b ite d
w in d o w
a n d
s a c k
s in c e
o f r ic e
b y
e n te re d
p u t it o n
th e
h is
th ro u g h
th e
w in d o w .
s h o u ld e r , b u t b e fo r e
h e
o w n e r
P la c e
g o t a
is
c r im e
th e
W h e n
in
a n
s a c k
In h a b ite d
w in d o w
a n d
h o u s e
w h e n
la d d e r o f th e
p a rt o f th e
w a s
a b o v e m e n tio n e d
R o b b e ry
g o t a
o f r ic e
p u t it o n
h is
s h o u ld e r , h e
w a s
a b le
to
h e
w a s
h o u s e
in
a n
o f r ic e , p u t it o n
th e
a c c u s e d
h o u s e
is
w a s
s h o u ld e r , h e
w ith o u t th e
R o b b e ry
In h a b ite d
h is
w a s
a t th e
b e c a u s e
F ru s tra te d
fa c ts , th e
P la c e
s a c k
h o u s e , w h e n
s till p a r t o f th e
c o m m itte d
p a rt o f th e
h a v e
g o t a
o p e n
S till F r u s tr a te d
7 .
P la c e . R o b b e r y
a n d
R o b b e ry
a n
la d d e r
in
In h a b ite d
w in d o w
o p e n
la d d e r , it is
T h e
a n
h o u s e .
th ro u g h
th e
th e y
o p e n
la s t r a n k
in
R o b b e ry
th ro u g h
e n te re d
A rt.
a n
g e t o u t o f th e
R o b b e ry
in
a n
la d d e r , t h e
In h a b ite d
fe n c e d , a n d
P la c e , s in c e
th e
a t th e
h o u s e
la s t r a n k
is
o f
u s e le s s .
P la c e .
fa ile d
to
p r e m is e s
w ith in
th e
fe n c e
fe n c e , is
s till
h o u s e .
lig h t
b e e n
fe lo n ie s
a re
p u n is h a b le .
c o n s u m m a te d , w ith
th e
L ig h t
e x c e p tio n
o f
fe lo n ie s
th o s e
a re
p u n is h a b le
c o m m itte d
a g a in s t
o n ly
w h e n
p e rs o n
o r
p ro p e rty .
N O T E S :
O n ly
P r in c ip a ls
a n d
A r t. 8 . C o n s p ir a c y
fe lo n y
a r e
A c c o m p lic e s
a n d
p u n is h a b le
a re
lia b le
p ro p o s a l to
c o m m it fe lo n y .
o n ly
c a s e s
in
th e
tw o
o r
in
w h ic h
C o n s p ir a c y
th e
la w
a n d
p ro p o s a l to
s p e c ia lly
p r o v id e s
c o m m it
p e n a lty
th e re fo r.
c o n s p ir a c y
c o m m is s io n
T h e re
is
e x is ts
o f a
p ro p o s a l
e x e c u tio n
to
w h e n
fe lo n y
s o m e
a n d
w h e n
th e
d e c id e
m o re
to
p e rs o n
o th e r p e rs o n
p e rs o n s
c o m e
to
a n
a g re e m e n t
c o n c e r n in g
th e
c o m m it it.
w h o
h a s
d e c id e d
to
c o m m it
fe lo n y
p ro p o s e s
its
o r p e rs o n s .
Q U E S T IO N :
If A ,B ,C
a n d
a n d
lia b ility ?
D s
-
T h e y
o f a ll
c o n s p ir e d
a re
lia b le
to
c o m m it R e b e llio n , b u t o n ly
fo r R e b e llio n , n o t ju s t m e r e
a n d
c o m m itte d
c o n s p ir a c y , b e c a u s e
th e
R e b e llio n , w h a t is
a c t o f o n e
is
th e
a c t
A rt. 9 . G ra v e
fe lo n ie s , le s s
G ra v e
fe lo n ie s
w h ic h
in
L e s s
a n y
g ra v e
m a x im u m
a re
fe lo n ie s
p e r io d
m e n o r o r a
p r o v id e
n o t
b e
C o d e
th e
w h ic h
a re
th e
p u n is h a b le
s h a ll b e
la w
w h ic h
in fr a c tio n s
s u b je c t
a n d
2 0 0
to
lig h t fe lo n ie s .
a tta c h e s
a fflic tiv e , in
th o s e
n o t e x c e e d in g
m a y
fe lo n ie s
c o r r e c tio n a l, in
th o s e
A rt. 1 0 . O ffe n s e s
fu tu re
a re
a re
a re
fin e
C o d e . T h is
to
o f th e ir p e r io d s
L ig h t fe lo n ie s
th e
th o s e
g ra v e
a c c o rd a n c e
th e
la w
th e
o f
s p e c ia l la w s
s u p p le m e n ta r y
to
w ith
w ith
th e
o f th is
p e n a ltie s
p e n a ltie s
C o d e . \
w h ic h
a b o v e -m e n tio n e d
o f w h ic h
o r
in
th e ir
A r tic le
p e n a lty
o f a rre s t
p r o v id e d .
th is
a re
s u c h
p u n is h m e n t
A rt. 2 5
c o m m is s io n
o r b o th ; is
p r o v is io n s
u n d e r
w ith
fo r th e
p e s o s
c a p ita l
p u n is h e s
a c c o rd a n c e
o f la w
th e
C o d e .
O ffe n s e s
n o t s u b je c t to
la w s , u n le s s
th e
th e
w h ic h
a re
p r o v is io n s
la tte r
s h o u ld
o r
in
o f th is
s p e c ia lly
c o n tra ry .
N O T E S :
P e o p le
-
v s
M a c a ta n d a
W h e n
p e n a l la w s
p r o v is io n s
-
A N D
1 1 .
in
c o n ta in
R P C
P e o p le
v s
S im o n
n o m e n c la tu r e
a re
a p p lic a b le
o f fir e a r m s
to
th e
w h ic h
th is
is
e x c lu s iv e ly
o f th e
R P C
te r m in o lo g y , th e
la w
p r o v is io n s
o f R P C
a re
c u r r e n tly
a p p lie d
C IR C U M S T A N C E S
S E L F
1 .
o f th e
E x : ille g a l p o s s e s s io n
J U S T IF Y IN G
A rt.
r e ite r a te d
J u s tify in g
W H IC H
E X E M P T
c ir c u m s ta n c e s .
F R O M
T h e
C R IM IN A L
fo llo w in g
d o
L IA B IL IT Y
n o t
in c u r
a n y
c r im in a l
lia b ility :
D E F E N S E
A n y o n e
w h o
c ir c u m s ta n c e s
a c ts
in
d e fe n s e
o f
h is
p e rs o n
o r
r ig h ts ,
p r o v id e d
th a t
th e
fo llo w in g
c o n c u r;
N O T E S :
-
N o
c r im e , n o
D e fe n s e
E v e n
g a y s
E v e n
m e n
E v e n
d e fe n s e
c r im in a l, th e
o f r ig h ts
h a v e
c a n
a c t b e in g
(h o n o r): e x : a
th e
b e
r ig h t to
v ic tim s
la d y
is
w h o
s ta b b e d
h o n o r b e c a u s e
o f ra p e
o f p ro p e rty
ju s tifie d
th e y
m a n
a re
w h o
h u m a n
w a s
m o le s tin g
h e r
b e in g
(R .A . 8 3 5 3 )
in c lu d e d
Q U E S T IO N :
S u p p o s e
a n d
a s k e d
s e c u r ity
th e
la tte r
g u a rd
to
o f
s to p
b u ild in g
b u t
th e
s a w
la tte r
s o m e o n e
re fu s e d
c a r r y in g
a n d
s o
th e
s o m e th in g
s e c u r ity
o u ts id e
g u a rd
th e
s h o t
h im ,
lia b le ?
-
Y e s , d e fe n s e
o f p ro p e rty
m u s t b e
a c c o m p a n ie d
b y
a n
a tta c k
a g a in s t th e
b u ild in g
p e rs o n
is
h e
S u p p o s e
R o le x
s n a tc h e r
n a k ita ,
s n a tc h e d
s n a tc h e r w e n t d o w n
th e
N o , d e fe n s e
S u p p o s e
th e re
s h o t h im , a r e
-
b o a rd e d
y o u
y o u r
r u n n in g
w a tc h ,
je e p , fe ll a n d
o f p ro p e rty
w a s
a n
is
in tr u d e r
je e p
s o
y o u
h it h is
in c lu d e d
in
y o u r
y o u
h it
h e a d
in
th e
h o u s e
a re
h im ,
o n
th e
b e s id e
th a t
d e fe n s e
is
p a v e m e n t a n d
p h ra s e
a t
s e a te d
d e fe n s e
1 2 m id n ig h t
th e
d r iv e r ,
o f
w ith
p ro p e rty ,
d ie d , a r e
o f p e rs o n
b o lo
y o u
y o u
h a v e
th e n
th e
lia b le ?
o r r ig h ts
in
h is
h a n d ,
a n d
y o u
lia b le ?
N o , d e fe n s e
o f h o m e , y o u
c a n
k ill h im , r ig h t th e n
a n d
th e re
F ir s t. U n la w fu l a g g r e s s io n .
U n la w fu l
A g g r e s s io n
s h o w in g
th e
c o m in g
a n d
th e n
in te n t to
g o t h is
in v o k e
-
s h o t A
m a n
c a n
th e
ta lk in g
to
h is
v s
o r
th re a t
w h ic h
m u s t
b e
a c tu a l
a n d
im m in e n t,
th e re
th e re
w a s
s u d d e n ly
b e
a p p e a re d
a n d
w ith
h is
g u n
s h o t A ,
m is s e d ,
s e lf d e fe n s e ?
a n
a c tu a l a s s a u lt, th a t is
d ie d , th e n
to ld
B , y o u
a re
u n la w fu l a g g r e s s io n
n e x t, m u s t B
w a it fo r th e
a tta c k
to
w a s
o f th e
a tta c k e d
a b le
th e
th e
n o
in
s h o o t X , th e re
th e
m a s te rs
k n ife
w a s
b e d ro o m
a n d
th r e a t, w h ic h
1 2 m n
a tta c k e d
th e
s o
is
th e
a c tu a l a n d
h u s b a n d
a c c u s e d , a n d
im m in e n t
w h e n
k ille d
th e
h e
s a w
la tte r , is
th e
th e re
h u s b a n d ?
a g g r e s s io n
n e c e s s ity
r e a s o n a b le
a c c u s e d
to
th e re
m a d e
o f th e
b y
th e
m e a n s
h u s b a n d
a g a in s t th e
e m p lo y e d
to
a c c u s e d
is
la w fu l
p r e v e n t o r r e p e l it.
J a u r ig u e
T h e re
th e a te r,
w ife , g o t h is
b y
N o n e , s in c e
P e o p le
a n d
a c c u s e d
S e c o n d . R e a s o n a b le
w a s
m o v ie
s h o t A
a s s a u lt
in ju r y
s u c c e s s fu lly , A
a n
s h o t X , c a n
r ig h t th e n
fo u n d
a c c u s e d
p h y s ic a l
B
a n d
w h e n
c a u s e
fro m
g u n
Y e s , b e c a u s e
S u p p o s e
is
w ith in
w ith o u t a n y
g e t h o ld
o f th e
c a n n o t in v o k e
k n ife
n e c e s s ity
A
T h ir d . L a c k
a n d
e m p lo y e d , a
fille d
w ith
w ith
a
a n d
to
d e fe n d
in v o k e
A , c a n
w h e n
h im s e lf,
to u c h
in
th e
le g s
th a t r e s u lts
in
th e
d e a th
p e o p le
k n ife
s ta b b e d
s e lf d e fe n s e , s in c e
h e
s ta b
m e a n s
c h u rc h
p r o v o c a tio n
r e a s o n a b le
c a n
w a s
B
h e
a b le
in v o k e
to
g o t h o ld
a lth o u g h ,
if
d o d g e
b u t g o t h it in
th e
a rm
h e
o f th e
k n ife , th e r e
in s is te d
in
ta k in g
w a s
n o
b a c k
th e
lo n g e r
k n ife ,
s e lf d e fe n s e
o f s u ffic ie n t p r o v o c a tio n
o n
th e
p a rt o f th e
p e rs o n
d e fe n d in g
h im s e lf.
Q U E S T IO N :
W h e n
a n d
k ille d
-
v is ite d
A , is
T h e re
a
B
h o u s e ,
h e
s a id
s in o
b a n g
s ir a
u lo n g
n a g b a k o d
d ito s a
lu p a
k o ?
h e a rd
lia b le ?
w a s
p r o v o c a tio n , b u t it w a s
in s u ffic ie n t, th e r e fo r e
c a n
s till in v o k e
s e lf d e fe n s e
A ,
a n d
w h e n
A
B
X
c o m in g
lo o k e d
in v o k e
-
fro m
m o v ie
a ro u n d , h e
h o u s e
w a s
th e
S u p p o s e
m u s t b e
s h o t A , A
n o
d ie d , th e n
Y e s , a lth o u g h
k is s e d
-
k is s e d
B s
th e re
Y e s ,
o n ly
th e
to ld
w a lk in g , s o
w a s
o n
p a re
m a y
c h o n g g o n g
s h o t A , m is s e d
th e
p a rt o f th e
s h o t X , c a n
s h o t B , m is s e d , th e n
s u ffic ie n t p r o v o c a tio n , it w a s
o n
th e
b e
n e x t d a y
k is s e d
A
d id
h is
A , th e n
n a g la la k a d
s h o t X , c a n
p e rs o n
d e fe n d in g .
in v o k e
n o t g iv e n
b y
b u t A , th e re
w a s
p a rt o f B
g iv e
h is
fa c e
d a y
s in c e
a n y
s ta te
o f m in d
o f th e
S E C T IO N
fo u n d
b y
p e rs o n
W O M A N
to
v s
G e n o s a
a p p lie s
to
liv e
m o re
B a tte re d
w ife , m o r e
m o n th s , th e ir life
h im , th e
th a n
L ik e w is e , if th e
n o t c r im in a lly
w a s
c a r r y in g
k a
to
ta lk
h is
n o t
to
B , th e n
g ir lfr ie n d
im m e d ia te
( P e o p le
v s
to o ,
ta lk e d
h it
to
B , B
w ith
to
th e
a c t,
s in c e
it
w a s
to y
g u n ,
w h o m
b e c a u s e
th e
fa c ts
h is
h e
h e a d
k n e w
w ith
d id
s h o t A . T h e re
a re
m a d e
to
n o t
is
b a s e b a ll
c a rry
a n y
s e lf d e fe n s e
d e p e n d
u p o n
th e
s e lf d e fe n s e
S y n d ro m e
fro m
a s
D e fe n s e .
b a tte re d
o f s e lf-d e fe n s e
w o m a n
th e
a b s e n c e
u n d e r th e
n o t a p p ly
V ic tim - s u r v iv o r s
s y n d ro m e
to
o f a n y
R e v is e d
b a tte re d
d o
w h o
a re
n o t in c u r a n y
o f th e
e le m e n ts
fo r
P e n a l C o d e .
h u s b a n d
e p is o d e s
th e
is
L a u r e l)
jo k e , c o v e r e d
n g a y o n , s o
n o tw ith s ta n d in g
b a tte r in g
w ife
it
p la y e d
p a ta y
p u r s u in g
e p is o d e s , th e
w ife
p u t p a ra m e te rs
b a tte re d
lia b le .
p a re
r e la tio n s h ip s , b u t d o e s
w e n t o n , th e n
c o u r t s h o u ld
b u t
s e lf d e fe n s e
o f B , s o
s u ffe r in g
P e o p le
in
w a s
u n la w fu l a g g r e s s io n ?
W o m a n
b e
c iv il lia b ility
b a tte r in g
a s k
s h e
S Y N D R O M E )
ju s tify in g
th a t
e x e r c is e d
fr ie n d
th a n
c la im
c o u rts
c r im in a l a n d
s a id
p r o v o c a tio n
B
s a id
2 6 . B a tte re d
th e
h a n d k e r c h ie f,
a n d
w ith o u t
(B A T T E R E D
s e n t m e s s e n g e r to
w ith o u t a n y
e v e n
9 2 6 2
d id
c h ild h o o d
w ith
e v e r
B , c a n
s u ffic ie n t
fo llo w in g
g ir lfr ie n d ,
s ta b b e d
s e lf d e fe n s e
fir e a r m
Y e s , w h e n
c a p ,
R A
th a t s u ffic ie n t p r o v o c a tio n ?
g ir lfr ie n d , th e
d id
c lu b , th e n
th e re
-
g ir lfr ie n d , is
B s
w h y
w o o d e n
C a n
o n e
X ,
Y e s
a s k e d
o n ly
m e t
s u ffic ie n t p r o v o c a tio n
n o t s u ffic ie n t p r o v o c a tio n
th e y
N o , th e re
h u s b a n d
th e r e a fte r , in
h e r e , s in c e
p r in c ip a l b y
th e
w a s
n o
lo n g e r b a tte r in g
c a r , g o t h e r h u s b a n d s
b a tte r in g
in d u c e m e n t in
a lr e a d y
k illin g
g u n
h e r, fo r 1 1
a n d
k ille d
c e a s e d .
h e r h u s b a n d , s h e
is
lik e w is e
D E F E N S E
2 .
O F
A n y o n e
R E L A T IV E S
w h o
d e s c e n d a n ts ,
a ffin ity
in
th e
p r o v id e d
p e rs o n
T h e
fir s t
w a s
o f
n a tu ra l
a n d
a n d
th e
o r
th o s e
th e
o n e
p e r s o n
o r
a d o p te d
s e c o n d
p re s e n t, a n d
a tta c k e d , th a t th e
r e q u is ite s
h is
w ith in
h a d
c a s e
n o
s p o u s e ,
s is te r s ,
th e
p r e s c r ib e d
r e q u is ite , in
d e fe n s e
o f
o r
c o n s a n g u in ity
fu rth e r
m a k in g
r ig h ts
b ro th e r s
in
th e
o r
a s c e n d a n ts ,
h is
r e la tiv e s
fo u rth
th e
c iv il
n e x t
r e v o c a tio n
b y
d e g re e ,
p r e c e d in g
w a s
g iv e n
b y
p a r t th e r e in .
a re :
2 . th e
d e fe n d in g
3 . th e
r e la tiv e
4 . e v e n
d e fe n s e
d e g r e e s
th e
a re
e le m e n ts
1 . th e re
in
le g itim a te ,
s a m e
th a t
c ir c u m s ta n c e
th e
a c ts
o r
r e la tiv e
b e in g
if th e
u s e d
d e fe n d e d
r e la tiv e
b e in g
o n
th e
p a rt o f th e
r e a s o n a b le
m u s t n o t g iv e
d e fe n d e d
p e rs o n
w h o
w a s
k ille d
o r in ju r e d
m e a n s
g a v e
p r o v o c a tio n
s u ffic ie n t p r o v o c a tio n , th e
d e f e n d in g
r e la tiv e
h a d
n o
th a t
th e
p a r t th e r e in
D E F E N S E
3 .
O F
A n y o n e
fir s t a n d
a n d
S T R A N G E R
w h o
a c ts
s e c o n d
th a t
th e
in
d e fe n s e
r e q u is ite s
p e rs o n
o f
th e
m e n tio n e d
d e fe n d in g
b e
p e rs o n
in
th e
n o t
o r
r ig h ts
o f
s tra n g e r,
fir s t c ir c u m s ta n c e
in d u c e d
b y
r e v e n g e ,
o f th is
p r o v id e d
A r tic le
re s e n tm e n t,
a re
o r
p re s e n t
o th e r
e v il
m o tiv e .
N O T E S :
A s
fa th e r,
k ille d
h is
w a s
a b o u t
fa th e r
to
b e c a u s e
s h o o t
th e
s tra n g e r,
p e rs o n
y o u
d e fe n d in g
c a n n o t
s h o u ld
in v o k e
n o t
b e
d e fe n s e
o f
a c q u a in te d
s tra n g e r
w ith
if
re v e n g e ,
r e s e n tm e n t, o r o th e r e v il m o tiv e
4 . A n y
to
p e rs o n
w h o , in
a n o th e r , p r o v id e d
F ir s t. T h a t th e
o rd e r to
th a t th e
e v il s o u g h t to
S e c o n d . T h a t th e
T h ir d . T h a t th e r e
in ju r y
b e
n o
a v o id
a n
fo llo w in g
b e
fe a r e d
a v o id e d
b e
e v il o r in ju r y , d o e s
r e q u is ite s
a c tu a lly
g re a te r th a n
o th e r p r a c tic a l a n d
a re
c a u s e s
d a m a g e
e x is ts ;
th a t d o n e
le s s
n o t a c t w h ic h
p re s e n t;
to
a v o id
it;
h a rm fu l m e a n s
o f p r e v e n tin g
th u s
to
it.
N O T E S :
-
W h ile
o rd e re d
-
5 0 /5 0
s h ip
th e
w a s
je ttis o n
c h a n c e
m o th e r h a s
c a u g h t in
n o
o f s o m e
o f liv in g
b y
ty p h o o n
a n d
c a r g o e s , is
th e
th re a te n e d
s in k , a n d
th e
s h ip
c a p ta in
n o t lia b le
m o th e r o r th e
fe tu s , th e
k illin g
o f th e
fe tu s
a n d
s a v in g
o f th e
Q U E S T IO N S :
H
th e m
h o s ta g e
to
g iv e
ta k e r, h o s ta g e d
h im
je e p
b o y
fo r e s c a p in g
y e a rs
o r e ls e
o ld
h e
a n d
w o u ld
th e n
in
k ill th e
th e
c ro w d
b o y , th e
p re s e n t th e re , h e
b g y
c a p ta in
c a m e
a s k e d
th e n
c o u n te d
k ille d
to
th a t if n o
h im . Is
h e
o n e
c r im in a lly
w ill g iv e
h im
je e p n e y , h e
w o u ld
k ill B , th e n
th e
b g y
c a p ta in
s h o t H ,
lia b le ?
N o
5 . A n y
p e rs o n
w h o
p e rs o n
w h o
a c ts
in
th e
fu lfillm e n t
o f
d u ty
o r
in
th e
la w fu l e x e r c is e
o f
r ig h t
o r
o ffic e .
6 .
A n y
a c ts
in
o b e d ie n c e
to
a n
o rd e r
is s u e d
b y
s u p e r io r
fo r
s o m e
la w fu l
p u rp o s e .
N O T E S :
-
Y o u
e x e c u te d
s h o o t to
y o u
a n
a c c u s e d
k ill o r d e r is
c a n
s h o o t o n
A p p lic a b le
s ig h t is
e v e n
a n
to
A r t. 1 2 . C ir c u m s ta n c e s
fro m
s h o o t h im , it is
e a r lie r th a n
o rd e re d , y o u
la w fu l o r d e r , it m e a n s
a
ju s tify in g
a re
th a t th e
c r im in a lly
a c c u s e d
is
lia b le
a rm e d
a n d
if h e
r e s is ts
u n la w fu l o r d e r
p r iv a te
w h ic h
in d iv id u a ls , e x : d r iv e r o f le v is te
e x e m p t
fo llo w e d
fro m
th e
la w fu l o r d e r s
fo llo w in g
a re
e x e m p t
c r im in a l lia b ility :
N O T E S :
T h e re
o n
is
p u b lic
1 . A n
c r im e , th e r e
fe lo n y
th e
o r a n
im b e c ile
(d e lito ),
e s ta b lis h e d
M u s t
th e
b e
a n
w ill n o t b e
a n d
O n ly
Im b e c ility
in s a n e
is
If y o u
th e
s u s p e n d
p e rs o n
3 . A
p e rs o n
th e
a t
th e
h a s
o v e r
in
p r o v is io n s
- d is c e r n m e n t is
th e
p e rs o n
o rd e r
o f th e
tim e
a c c u s e d
p u n is h e d , th e
lu c id
la w y e r o f th e
c a s e
fo r th e
fifte e n
w h ic h
y e a rs
c a s e ,
o f A rt. 8 0
a c c u s e d
is
e x e m p te d ,
b a s e d
p re s u m e d
h e
to
if
p la c e d
is
a c c u s e d
a n
in
s h a ll
c o m m is s io n ,
w h ic h
a c te d
d u r in g
a c t w h ic h
o n e
n o t
o f
b e
th e
lu c id
th e
la w
in te r v a l.
d e fin e s
h o s p ita ls
p e r m itte d
to
o r
a s
a s y lu m s
le a v e
w ith o u t
c o u rt.
in te r v a l, a n
in
im b e c ile
in s a n e
a
a t
th e
tim e
o f
tr ia l,
tr ia l
s h a ll
b e
m e n ta l c e n te r
h a s
n o
lu c id
in te r v a l
c o n g e n ita l
a s k
th e
c o u rt to
te m p o r a r ily
d is m is s
n o t o n ly
p r e s c r ib e
o f a g e .
o f a g e
s u c h
o f th is
c o n fin e m e n t
s h a ll b e
o ffe n s e
y e a rs
la tte r h a s
c o m m itte d
w h ic h
s a m e
o f
th e
h a s
h is
a fflic te d ,
m e n ta l d is e a s e
u n d e r fifte e n
d is c e r n m e n t,
s h a ll
th u s
p e r m is s io n
in s a n e
a re
p e r s o n , u n le s s
in s a n e
c o u rt
2 . A
a n
p e rs o n s
s u s p e n d e d
th e
c r im in a l b u t
in s a n e
o r
th e
fo r
fir s t o b ta in in g
-
p o lic y
im b e c ile
W h e n
is
b u t b e lo w
m in o r
C o d e .
s h a ll
e ig h te e n
b e
y e a r s , u n le s s
p ro c e e d e d
a g a in s t
in
h e
a c te d
w ith
a c c o rd a n c e
h a s
w ith
W h e n
s u c h
m in o r
w ith
th e
a n d
c u s to d y
p r o v is io n s
o f
o th e r w is e , h e
s a id
is
a d ju d g e d
o f
h is
th is
a n d
fa m ily
s h a ll b e
to
b e
th e
w h o
c r im in a lly
p r e c e d in g
s h a ll
c o m m itte d
to
b e
th e
ir r e s p o n s ib le ,
p a ra g ra p h ,
c h a r g e d
c a re
o f
w ith
s o m e
th e
s h a ll
h is
c o u rt,
c o m m it
in
h im
s u r v e illa n c e
in s titu tio n
o r
c o n fo r m a b ly
to
a n d
p e rs o n
th e
c a re
e d u c a tio n
m e n tio n e d
in
A rt. 8 0 .
4 . A n y
p e rs o n
w h o , w h ile
p e r fo r m in g
a c c id e n t w ith o u t fa u lt o r in te n tio n
5 . A n y
p e rs o n
w h o
a c t u n d e r th e
6 . A n y
p e rs o n
w h o
a c ts
la w fu l a c t w ith
o f c a u s in g
c o m p u ls io n
u n d e r th e
im p u ls e
d u e
c a re , c a u s e s
a n
in ju r y
b y
m e re
it.
o f ir r e s is tib le
o f a n
fo rc e .
u n c o n tr o lla b le
fe a r o f a n
e q u a l o r g re a te r
in ju r y .
7 .
A n y
p e rs o n
w h o
la w fu l in s u p e r a b le
fa ils
to
p e rfo rm
a n
a c t
r e q u ir e d
b y
la w ,
w h e n
p re v e n te d
b y
s o m e
c a u s e .
N O T E S :
-
if
y o u
a rre s t
s o m e o n e
c o m m ittin g
lig h t
fe lo n y ,
y o u
m u s t
file
c a s e
a g a in s t
h im
w ith in
h o u rs
- if le s s
g r a v e , w ith in
- if g r a v e , w ith in
3 6
A rt. 3 3 2 . P e rs o n s
s h a ll r e s u lt fr o m
c o m m itte d
1 8
h o u rs
h o u rs
c o m m is s io n
o r c a u s e d
m u tu a lly
1 . S p o u s e s , a s c e n d a n ts
2 . T h e
w id o w e d
s p o u s e
b e fo re
3 . B ro th e rs
T h e
e x e m p tio n
a n d
s p o u s e
th e
a n d
e x e m p t fro m
th e
s is te r s
b y
th e
e s ta b lis h e d
N o
th e
c r im in a l, b u t o n ly
o f th e ft, s w in d lin g
fo llo w in g
re s p e c t to
s h a ll h a v e
a n d
c r im e
p ro p e rty
b y
a ffin ity
w h ic h
in
th e
b e lo n g e d
in to
th e
b r o th e r s -in -la w
a n d
s is te r s -in -la w , if liv in g
th is
a r tic le
p o s s e s s io n
s a m e
to
p a s s e d
b y
c iv il lia b ility ,
o r m a lic io u s
m is c h ie f
p e rs o n s :
d e s c e n d a n ts , o r r e la tiv e s
w ith
s a m e
o f th e
th e
lin e .
d e c e a s e d
o f a n o th e r; a n d
to g e th e r.
s h a ll n o t b e a p p lic a b le t o s t r a n g e r s p a r t ic ip a t in g in t h e
c o m m is s io n o f t h e c r im e .
E v e n
p a ra m o u rs
h u s b a n d
a n d
w ife
a re
is
e x e m p te d
th e
s a m e
a s
d e c id e d
b e tw e e n
b y
th e
h u s b a n d
S C , s in c e
a n d
th e
tru s t re p o s e d
b e tw e e n
p a ra m o u r
Q U E S T IO N :
S u p p o s e
b ro th e r o f A , e n te re d
Y e s , s in c e
e n te re d
th e
th ro u g h
h o u s e
o f A
th o u g h
w in d o w , th a t is
w in d o w , is
ro b b e ry , a n d
c r im in a lly
n o t th e ft
lia b le ?
1 2
In
a n o th e r c a s e , e s ta fa
th e
b r o th e r in v o k e
N o , th e
th ro u g h
a r tic le
c r im e s
fa ls ific a tio n
b y
b r o th e r a g a in s t h is
s is te r in
la w , c a n
3 3 2 ?
o f e s ta fa , th e ft, s w in d lin g , m a lic io u s
o th e r c r im e s , it m u s t o n ly
c o m m itte d
W H IC H
b e
s im p le
M IT IG A T E
m is c h ie f m u s t n o t b e
e s ta fa , th e ft, s w in d lin g
C R IM IN A L
o r m a lic io u s
c o m p le x e d
w ith
m is c h ie f
L IA B IL IT Y
N O T E S :
In c o m p le te
1
e x e m p tin g
ju s tify in g , p r o v id e d
o r to
2 .
th e
m e n tio n e d
e x e m p t fro m
T h a t
th e
in
th e
m itig a tin g
is
s h a ll b e
u n d e r
is
in
m itig a tin g
fo llo w in g
a re
m itig a tin g
c h a p te r, w h e n
a ll th e
th e
c a s e s
e ig h te e n
p ro c e e d e d
p re s e n t =
T h e
p r e c e d in g
o ffe n d e r
m in o r , h e
ju s tify in g
A r t. 1 3 . M itig a tin g
1 . T h o s e
a n d
r e s p e c tiv e
y e a r
a g a in s t in
o f
a g e
o r
r e q u is ite s
a re
o v e r
a c c o rd a n c e
c ir c u m s ta n c e s ;
to
ju s tify
n o t a tte n d a n t.
s e v e n ty
w ith
n e c e s s a ry
th e
y e a rs .
In
p r o v is io n s
th e
c a s e
o f
o f A rt. 8 0 .
Q U E S T IO N S :
S u p p o s e
is
6 9
a t th e
M itig a tin g
O v e r 7 0
3 . T h a t th e
is
tim e
o f c o m m is s io n , b u t d u r in g
p r iv ile g e d
o ffe n d e r h a d
p r o m u lg a tio n
h e
w a s
7 0
m itig a tin g
n o
in te n tio n
to
c o m m it s o
g ra v e
w ro n g
a s
th a t c o m m itte d .
Q U E S T IO N S :
S u p p o s e
y o u
u n in te n tio n a lly
c a n n o t in v o k e
-
A n
e x a m p le
y o u
4 .
T h a t
c a n
th e
a c t w a s
c o m m ittin g
s a m e
th e
w h e n
th e
y o u
y o u
v ic tim
w e re
s la p p e d
d u r in g
c h o k in g
y o u r
w ife ,
th e
tim e
h e r, y o u
h e r
h e a d
y o u
w e re
k n o w
r a p in g
h e r,
th a t it w o u ld
h ittin g
th e
flo o r
y o u
k ill h e r
a n d
d ie d ,
p a r. 3
p r o v o c a tio n
o r
th re a t
o n
th e
p a rt
o f
th e
o ffe n d e d
p a r ty
im m e d ia te ly
la p s e
o f tim e
c o m m itte d
fe lo n y
in
th e
( d e lito ), h is
im m e d ia te
v in d ic a tio n
s p o u s e , a s c e n d a n ts , o r
o f a
g ra v e
r e la tiv e s
b y
o ffe n s e
a ffin ity
to
th e
w ith in
o n e
th e
d e g re e s .
- a d m its
la p s e
6 .
o f
T h a t
p a s s io n
-
is
k ille d
w h e n
a c t.
n o t a d m it a n y
5 . T h a t th e
b e c a u s e
in v o k e
s u ffic ie n t
p re c e d e d
- d o e s
p a r. 3
o f tim e , b u t s u c h
h a v in g
a c te d
la p s e
u p o n
a n
o f tim e
m u s t n o t b e
im p u ls e
s o
s o
p o w e rfu l
lo n g
a s
n a tu r a lly
to
h a v e
p ro d u c e d
o r o b fu s c a tio n .
p a s s io n
a n d
o b fu s c a tio n
m u s t
s e n tim e n ts
- m u s t n o t a ls o
a r is e
fro m
re v e n g e
n o t
a r is e
fro m
la w le s s n e s s
b u t
s h o u ld
a r is e
fro m
la w fu l
7 .
T h a t
th e
a g e n ts ,
o ffe n d e r
o r
th a t
p r e s e n ta tio n
- s u r r e n d e r in
n o t a
p e rs o n
in
c e r ta in
a u th o r ity
- A ,B ,C
to
in
S C
c a n
b e
D , th e y
ro b b e d
A ,B ,C
w e re
a n d
a n d
c o m p e lle d
k ille d
B , th e n
o f r a v in e
a n d
th e re ,
th e
in
e n title d
to
to
- y e s , it w a s
a s
g u ilt
p e rs o n
b e fo re
in
th e
a u th o r ity
c o u rt
p r io r
o r
h is
to
th e
ju r is d ic tio n
o v e r a
te r r ito r y . E x : a
m a y o r in
M a n ila
is
th e
a c c u s e d
a n
th o u g h t th a t th e
a c c u s e d
m itig a tin g
M a y o r is
c a n n o t r e a d ily
p e rs o n
d e te r m in e
w h o
is
in
a
a u th o r ity
p e rs o n
in
b a n k
h o u s e , th e y
a n d
th e n
w e n t to
s u rre n d e re d
n p a p a lig ir a n
m a n y
n a
p o lic e m e n ,
n a m e n
th e n
th e
a re a , th e
k a y o
th e y
th e ir s a fe
s u m u k o
h o u s e , th e
le a d e r o f th e
n a
s u rre n d e re d
k a y o ,
n o t
a u th o r itie s
p o lic e
A ,B ,C ,
w ith
th e n
a n d
w e re
a b le
s p e a k e r,
lo o k e d
s u rre n d e r,
th e y
s u rre n d e r
F , fr ie n d
o f A
fo r e s te d , if y o u
s o u th ,
th e
- v o lu n ta r y
D ,
s a w
h is
to
o th e r p la c e
s u ffic ie n t s in c e
c o n s id e r e d
h im s e lf
p r o s e c u tio n ;
m u s t h a v e
s o m e
d e c is io n , w h e n
is
d is c o v e r th e ir s a fe
a ro u n d
in
c o n fe s s e d
fo r th e
a u th o r ity
a u th o r ity
s u rre n d e re d
v o lu n ta r ily
s u rre n d e r m u s t b e
a n d
c a lle d
h a d
p e rs o n
o n e
v o lu n ta r ily
e v id e n c e
te r r ito r y
a n d
- v o lu n ta r y
h e
o f th e
in
- h o w e v e r , in
h a d
th e re
m itig a tin g
c a m e , th e n
g o
w a s
e a s t, it is
a
p o lic e
b e c a u s e
s u rre n d e r o f th e
a s k e d
h e
w e a p o n
th e
w h e re
s e a , if y o u
s ta tio n ,
th e n
o f v o lu n ta r y
c o u ld
u s e d
is
w ill h e
g o
e s c a p e , if y o u
w e s t, th e
s u rre n d e re d
g o
r e la tiv e s
in
th e
n o r th , it is
o f y o u r v ic tim
p o lic e
s ta tio n ,
fu ll
liv e
is
h e
s u rre n d e r?
g a m b le
w h e re
to
g o
a s
v o lu n ta r y
s u rre n d e r, m u s t b e
th e
b o d y
- p le a
o f g u ilty
to
s h a ll b e
c o n v ic te d
- in
c a s e
o n e
o n ly
a fte r
th e
th e
o f 3
c o u n ts
fo r o n ly
b e n c h
b o o k , is
m itig a tin g
a n d
c r im e
S u p re m e
o f c r im e , u n d e r th e
C o u rt
a llo w e d
( in
o f e v id e n c e
th e
p le a
v io la tio n
o f
g u ilt y
o f
o f p a r. 7
a n
s in c e
a c c u s e d
it s a y s
w h o
p r io r
p le a d e d
g u ilty
o f
e v id e n c e )
-e v e n
v o lu n ta r y
a c c u s e d
a n d
- v o lu n ta r y
th e
s a m e
s u rre n d e r
a re
c o n s id e r e d ,
w h e re
o n e
a c c u s e d
te s tifie s
a g a in s t
h is
c o -
a ll th e ir a c ts
re s ta u ra n t w e re
th u s
b e in g s .
r e v e a ls
o f
s u r r e n d e r , d u r in g
8 . T h a t th e
w h ic h
a c ts
o ffe n d e r
r e s tr ic ts
is
w h ic h , th e
c o n d u c tin g
d e a f a n d
h is
m e a n s
a c c u s e d
a n
o p e r a tio n , is
d u m b , b lin d
o f
w a s
a c tio n ,
o r
in
m is ta k e n
b e lie f th a t th e
p o lic e
o ffic e r s
in
n o t m itig a tin g
o th e r w is e
d e fe n s e ,
o r
s u ffe r in g
s o m e
c o m m u n ic a tio n s
p h y s ic a l d e fe c t
w ith
h is
fe llo w
-h o w e v e r,
e v e n
if
th e
a c c u s e d
is
d e a f
b u t
n o t
d u m b
o r
d u m b
b u t
n o t
d e a f,
c o m m ittin g
th e
o r
b lin d
in
o n e
e y e
o n ly , s till m itig a tin g
Is
b lin d n e s s
-
in
tw o
e y e s
m itig a tin g
in
ra p e
c a s e ?
Y e s
-th e
p h y s ic a l
d e fe c t
m u s t
re fe r
to
s o m e
d iffic u lty
in
c r im e
to
c o n s id e r
it
a s
m itig a tin g
9 .
S u c h
illn e s s
o f
th e
o ffe n d e r
a s
w o u ld
o ffe n d e r w ith o u t h o w e v e r d e p r iv in g
-
if
s u c h
illn e s s
e x e m p tin g
A n d ,
a b o v e
- in
d e p r iv e
h im
h im
o f
o f th e
th e
th e
e x e r c is e
c o n s c io u s n e s s
c o n s c io u s n e s s
o f
o f
th e
o f h is
h is
w ill-p o w e r
o f
th e
b e
a n
a c ts .
a c ts ,
th e n
it
w o u ld
- k le p to m a c y
1 0 .
w o u ld
d im in is h
is
o n ly
fin a lly ,
m itig a tin g
a n y
o th e r
o f
s im ila r
n a tu re
a n d
a n a lo g o u s
to
th o s e
m e n tio n e d .
c a s e
o f
th e ft
a n d
d u r in g
tr ia l
th e
a c c u s e d
re tu rn e d
th e
o b je c t
s to le n ,
th a t
is
m itig a tin g
- e s p r it d e
-
T h e re
c o rp s
a re
b u ilt
ju s tific a tio n ,
m itig a tin g
b y
in
th e
m itig a tin g
h u s b a n d ,
C IR C U M S T A N C E
W H IC H
1 . T h a t a d v a n ta g e
a c c u s e d
th e
-
c r im e
w h e n
th e n
-
th e
is
b e
p u b lic
c o m m its
a d u lte r y
ta k e n
b y
th e
a n d
a d u lte r y ,
c a n n o t b e
A G G R A V A T E
o ffic e r ,
s u c h
o ffic e
w ife
m u s t b e
w ife
a n d
w a s
h e r
a b a n d o n e d
p a ra m o u r
is
e v e n
e n title d
w ith
to
e le m e n t
o f
a lo n e
L IA B IL IT Y
fo llo w in g
o ffe n d e r o f h is
h is
th e
c o m m itte d
C R IM IN A L
T h e
w h e n
a r e
p u b lic
th e
a g g r a v a tin g
c ir c u m s ta n c e s :
p o s itio n .
m e a n s
o r
a n
in d is p e n s a b le
c o m m itte d
th e
it is
a n d
A r t. 1 4 . A g g r a v a tin g
s in c e
a c c u s e d
w o re
h is
p o lic e
h a v e
a v a ile d
u n ifo r m
a n d
u s e d
it to
e n te r
h o u s e
a n d
k ill th e
a c c u s e d ,
a g g r a v a tin g
a c c u s e d
m u s t
th e
p o w e rs
a n d
p r e r o g a tiv e s
o f
h is
o ffic e
in
c o m m ittin g
th e
c r im e
2 . T h a t th e
A
a n d
c r im e
w e re
n e v e r th e le s s
- N o n e , m e re
S u p p o s e
-
b e
k ille d
a g e n ts
it w a s
c o m m itte d
q u a r r e lin g
B , is
th e
in
th e n
c o n te m p t o r w ith
p o lic e m e n
p re s e n c e
o f p e rs o n s
in
o f th e
a u th o r ity
c a m e
p o lic e m e n
a re
th e y
a re
p e rs o n s
in
a u th o r ity
th e
p u b lic
p r o h ib ite d
th e
a u th o r itie s .
tw o
a g g r a v a tin g ?
M a y o r o r J u s tic e ?
in s u lt to
a n d
p u b lic
a u th o r itie s
to
q u a r r e l,
b u t
3 .
T h a t
p a rty
th e
o n
T O
T O
T O
A S
c o m m itte d
o f
h is
p a r ty , if th e
ra n k ,
m u s t b e
in h e r e n t in
A G E : th e
te s t is
d o
n o t
c o n s id e r
in
s e x ,
o r
in
to
d is r e g a r d
th a t
o f th e
c o u ld
w o m e n , g a y s
s e x
b e
b e tw e e n
p o s s e s s io n
a c c u s e d
w h e n
is
o f
th e
r e s p e c t
c o m m itte d
in
d u e
th e
th e
o ffe n d e d
d w e llin g
o f
th e
p r o v o c a tio n .
g r e a t d is p a r ity
th e
th is
o r
o r
n o t g iv e n
p e rs o n
o n ly
in s u lt
a g e ,
w h e re
S E X : a p p lic a b le
h o w e v e r,
w ith
la tte r h a s
R A N K : th e re
th a t r e s p e c t is
- A S
b e
a c c o u n t
o ffe n d e d
- A S
a c t
is
b e
a re
th e
a c c u s e d
a n d
o ffe n d e d
p a rty
s o
h ig h e r r a n k
p a re n t o f th e
o ffe n d e d
n o t in c lu d e d , s in c e
in h e r e n t
th e
in
th e
c r im e
p a rty
w o m e n
s u c h
a s
a re
w e a k e r
s e d u c tio n
o r
s e x ,
a c ts
o f
la s c iv io u s n e s s
w a lk in g
w h ile
b e s id e
in s id e
B s
h is
A g g r a v a tin g
In
w h o
Y e s ,
is
S u p p o s e
o u ts id e
d w e llin g
a s s a u lte d
Y e s ,
d w e llin g
c a m e
o u t
o f
a n d
a tta c k e d
h is
is
d w e llin g ,
d w e llin g
s u c h
is
S u p p o s e
-
th e re
e m p lo y e r
n a g la la k a d
s a
d a a n A
th e n
s h o t
s till
o n
w h e n
is
in
n e e d
a g g r a v a tin g ,
o u ts id e
h im
u n a v a ila b le
s in c e
th e re
w a s
p r o v o c a tio n
b y
d e fe n s e
h o u s e , d ra g g e d
th e
th e
th is
h e
h im ,
th e
h is
h o u s e ?
n o t
a s s a u lt
in s id e
h is
h o u s e ,
a s
lo n g
a s
w a s
o u ts id e
e v e n
e v e n
m a tte r
a
if
th e
lo n g
a s k e d
h is
h o u s e
a tta c k
a s
w a s
o ffe n d e d
h im
to
a n d
fig h t,
B ?
c o m m e n c e d
p a rty
k ille d
g a v e
w e n t
n o
b a c k
in s id e
th e
h o u s e
p r o v o c a tio n
to
h is
h o u s e
a n d
h o u s e
h o u s e , a s
is
h o u s e , a s
s a w
in s id e
a re
is
if
th e
lo n g
a tta c k
a s
th a t,
w a s
o ffe n d e d
e v e n
w e lc o m e d
s e v e r a l d w e llin g s
is
a g g r a v a tin g
a c t b e
c o m m itte d
h a s
d r iv e r ,
E ,
w ith
fo r
d r iv e r h o w e v e r , r a p e d
N o ,
s in c e
th e
a g g r a v a tin g
th e
B s
in s id e
a s
D w e llin g
p a rty , th e
n a
if
p a rty
th e
g u e s t,
c o m m e n c e d
g a v e
o ffe n d e d
p r o v id e d
o u ts id e
n o
h e
h o u s e
a n d
p r o v o c a tio n
p a rty
th a t
th e
is
d id
n o t
n o t
th e
g iv e
o w n e r
o f
th e
p r o v o c a tio n ,
a g g r a v a tin g
4 . T h a t th e
A
c h o n g g o
d w e llin g
h o u s e ,
ju r is p r u d e n c e
n o
w h ile
te r m in a te d
L a te s t
th a t m a y
o f d w e llin g
is
s h o t B
h is
is
te r m in a te d
D w e llin g
s a id
a g g r a v a tin g .
in s id e
fo llo w e d
-
is
w e n t in s id e
a n d
O r a l D e fa m a tio n , tr u th
S u p p o s e
th e n
h o u s e
h o u s e , B
w a s
a b u s e
y e a rs ,
th e
g ir l, is
c o n fid e n c e
p a rty ,
h e
1 5
c ir c u m s ta n c e ,
o ffe n d e d
c o m m itte d
a n d
h e re
th a t
th e
th e
w a s
g o t a tta c k e d
c o n tin u o u s ly
o f c o n fid e n c e
o n e
th e
tim e
a b u s e
a b u s e d
p e rs o n
w h o
d a u g h te r
b e tr a y a l o f c o n fid e n c e
h e
h is
d r iv e r
o f c o n fid e n c e
b y
g a v e
h a s
w h ic h
o r o b v io u s
to ld
w a s
is
n o
in
th e
h is
b y
to
th e
a n d
c o n fid e n c e
n o t s ta te d
b y
d w e llin g ?
u n g r a te fu ln e s s .
fa th e r.
tru s t
e a c h
la w
T o
d ro p
h is
to
d r iv e r a g g r a v a tin g ?
b e
a p p r e c ia te d
c o n fid e n c e
o f
d a u g h te r
th e
m u s t
d r iv e r ,
a s
a n
a ls o
b e
w h a t
w a s
5 . T h a t th e
w h e re
c r im e
p u b lic
d e d ic a te d
S u p p o s e
-
to
a u th o r itie s
P L A C E
th e
a c c u s e d , in
T O
h is
e n e m y
m u s t b e
in
a n
O F
th e
p a la c e
e n g a g e d
in te n tio n
in
b y
o f th e
th e
th e
n o t m e r e ly
T O
C h ie f E x e c u tiv e
d is c h a r g e
a c c u s e d
C H IE F
s o
k ille d
a c c u s e d
o f
o r in
th e ir
to
h im , is
h is
d u tie s ,
p re s e n c e , o r
o r
in
p la c e
h a v e
E X E C U T IV E :
a s
th e
c r im e
in te n d e d
lo n g
w h e th e r h e
it a g g r a v a tin g ?
c o m m it th e
W O R S H IP : th e re
s h o u ld
c r im e , r e g a r d le s s
c o in c id e n ta l to
R E L IG IO U S
o th e r w o rd s , th e
c o m m itte d
th e
M a la c a n a n g , a n d
a n d
D E D IC A T E D
P R E S E N C E
a c c u s e d
a r e
in
w o r s h ip .
C h ie f E x e c u tiv e
T O
w a s
N o , th e re
A S
A S
c o m m itte d
r e lig io u s
s a w
th e
b e
a s
d o e s
c r im e
w h e n
m u s t b e
to
th e
w ith in
m u rd e r
c o m m it th e
P r e s id e n t
o r d o e s
th e
p a la c e
o f
c o m m itte d
in
th e
h e a rt o f
c r im e
is
n o t k n o w
th e re
w h e n
th a t th e
th e
P r e s id e n t
th e re
S u p p o s e
-
in
N o t
c r im in a l tr ia l, th e
w h e re
p u b lic
c o u rt o rd e re d
s in c e
th e
a u th o r itie s
a re
la w
re c e s s , a n d
p r o v id e s
e n g a g e d
in
th a t,
th e
th e re a fte r A
th e
c r im e
d is c h a r g e
k ille d
m u s t
B ?
h a v e
b e e n
c o m m itte d
o f th e ir d u tie s
E le c tio n
-
tim e , d u r in g
A g g r a v a tin g
6 . T h a t th e
c r im e
w h e n e v e r s u c h
B A N D
n ila
b e
a n d
m o re
is
n o n e ,
c o n s id e r e d
b o y fr ie n d
th e y
w e re
-
Y e s ,
a s
fro m
th e
th e
te s t
Y e s , s in c e
in te n d in g
a g g r a v a tin g
-
N o
to
k ill
p u b lic
p r is o n ?
a u th o r itie s
n ig h t tim e , o r in
th re e
a rm e d
th e
B ,
n e e d
3
is
w e re
a re
to
s h o r t, k ille d
w h e re
in
2 k m
th e
e n g a g e d
n a k ita
h a v e
a lm o s t
th e re
a lo n g
th e
s i
th e re
a n
in
th e ir
fu n c tio n s
v ic tim
d u r in g
b e
b a n d ,
o ffe n s e .
a c te d
c o m m itte d
a ls o
b y
k n iv e s
to g e th e r
a
in
th e
b a n d .
o r c lu b s , n a k a la b a n
b a n d ?
a rm e d ,
h im
th e re
in
e v e n
if
c a n n o t
th o s e
k ille d
p a d d le d
p la c e
r e a s o n a b ly
o f la r g e
r e c e iv e
B a n g k a , h e
u n in h a b ite d
a g g r a v a tin g
th e
h a v e
p la c e , o r b y
w e re
n o t
w ith
c a n n o t e a s ily
o f n ig h ttim e ?
b e e n
e q u a lly
g ir lfr ie n d , is
p la c e
o f th e
s h a ll
fir e a r m s , it c a n
o c c a s io n a l p a s s a g e
p a rty
n iy a
to
u n in h a b ite d
c o m m is s io n
a g g r a v a tin g
g o
th e
a w a y , is
o ffe n d e d
a re
a n
m a le fa c to r s
a r m e d , is
s till a n
g ir lfr ie n d
th e
d e e m e d
n o t b e
th e y
b a n d , it is
h is
n e a r e s t n e ig h b o r is
-
e le c tio n
fa c ilita te
a rm s
s h o u t, n o tw ith s ta n d in g
T h e
th e
m a y
b e c a u s e
p e rs u a d e s
1 k m
th e
o ffe n s e , it s h a ll b e
a ll a r m e d , th e
T h e re
s in c e
in
th a n
m a d a m i, E ,F ,G ,H ,I,J ,K . o n ly
-
c o m m itte d
o f a n
B , in
o f v o te s )
W h e n e v e r
c o m m is s io n
k ille d
( c a n v a s s in g
c a n v a s s , A
a s
r e c e iv e
it, a n d
w h e n
a id
d e s p ite
h e r
s h ip s
c ir c u m s ta n c e ?
a id
n ig h ttim e
o r s u c c o r e v e n
a n d
s h o t
B ,
is
if h e
th e re
s h o u ts
p re s e n c e
o f
A ,B ,C
a n d
b e c a u s e
a ll c o n s p ir e d
w a s
a g re e m e n t
T h e n
th e y
m a liw a n a g
-
to
th e y
p a , D
th e y
to o k
th e
N o
a g g ra v a te d
Y e s ,
to
ro b
th e
n ig h ttim e
lo n g
a s
th e
p la c e
n ig h ttim e
th e
th e
n a
v e h ic le
e ,
to
c a m e
w e re
b e
u s e d
a h e a d ,
a ll w a itin g
fo r h im
fo r g e ta w a y . T h e ir
3 a m
a n d u n
n a
s iy a .
a r r iv in g
a t
4 p m ,
n ig h ttim e
w e re
w a ite d
w a itin g
fo r
D , D
fo r n ig h ttim e , a t 7 p m
s p e c ia lly
tim e
d u r in g
b y
a n d
a n d
s o u g h t th e
w o u ld
th e y
d a rk n e s s
b e
ro b b e d
o f th e
th e
b a n k
n ig h t
e c lip s e ?
n o t a c tu a lly
th e
p r o v in c e , A ,B
n ig h t tim e
o f th e
th e y
a n
c o m m itte d
a rm s
b a n k , th e y
s in c e
th e
m a liw a n a g
tim e , b u t th e y
it d u r in g
in
a t 3 a m , is
c o n s id e r
a d v a n ta g e , a s
w a s
D ,
a d v a n ta g e
a g g r a v a tin g , s in c e
ro b b e ry
-
w a s
s i
b a n k
to
o n
c o m m itte d
c r im e
a g g r a v a tin g
A g g r a v a tin g , it is
S u p p o s e
b a n k , D
fo r b o r r o w in g
ro b
a r r iv e
is
d a r a tin g
n ig h ttim e
S u p p o s e
7 a m
p ro c e e d e d
a n d
ro b
c h a rg e d
a t
Y e s , s in c e
A ,B ,C
Is
in
w a s ,
to
th e
w a s
w h e n
a s
o r th e
d a y
n ig h ttim e
in
d a rk n e s s
p la c e
o f th e
s u ffic ie n tly
s itu a tio n
illu m in a te d ?
illu m in a te d
th e
c r im e
w a s
c r im e
b u t th e
w a s
fin is h e d
it
m u s t
c o m m itte d
a t 7 a m
b e
d u r in g
in
th e
s p e c ia lly
th e
m o r n in g ?
s o u g h t
b la c k n e s s
fo r
o f th e
o r
ta k e n
s itu a tio n
o r
n ig h ttim e
7 .
T h a t
th e
c r im e
b e
e a r th q u a k e , e p id e m ic
A , a b o u t to
-
k ill B , th e n
N o , s in c e
S u p p o s e
k n o w in g
to o k
8 .
T h a t
a ffo rd
th e
T w o
w a s
liv e s
d o w n
o ffe n d e r
in
th e
to o k
o c c a s io n
o f
c o n fla g r a tio n ,
s h ip w r e c k ,
b e g a n , a g g r a v a tin g ?
fo u rth
flo o r
a n d
w o u ld
a n
k ill B
e a rth q u a k e
o c c u rre d , A
p re p a re d
h is
g u n
b u ild in g , a g g r a v a tin g ?
a d v a n ta g e
o f th e
c r im e
c o m m itte d
b e
th e
o r m is fo r tu n e .
n o t e a rth q u a k e
a d v a n ta g e
a t C
ro b b e d
w h o
Y e s , th e
p o lic e m e n
-
o n
o f th e
o c c a s io n , a n d
n o t o n
th e
o c c a s io n
it m u s t b e
o c c a s io n
w ith
th e
a id
o f
a rm e d
m e n
o r
p e rs o n s
w h o
in s u r e
o r
im p u n ity .
S u p p o s e
p o in te d
e a rth q u a k e
if th e r e
th a t B
w ill g o
Y e s , th e
a n
e v e n
k n e w
th a t B
c o m m itte d
o r o th e r c a la m ity
is
a id
to ld
a n d
o n
th e
o f a rm e d
A , w e
A g g r a v a tin g , th e
9 . T h a t th e
a s k e d
a c c u s e d
is
n o t
o f th e
m e n , n e e d
in s u r e d
r e c id iv is t.
to
te ll
th e
p o lic e
o th e r w is e ,
w o u ld
k ill
h im ,
th e n
s tr e e t, a g g r a v a tin g ?
n o t a lw a y s
w ill n o t p a tr o l th e
p o lic e
h im
o th e r s id e
a re a
b e
w h e n
o r a ffo rd e d
a c tiv e , it c a n
y o u r e
im p u n ity
g o in g
a ls o
to
b e
ro b
p a s s iv e
h o u s e
a s s is ta n c e
r e c id iv is t
c o n v ic te d
c la s s e s
is
b y
o n e
w h o , a t
c o m m itte d
s e rv e d
is
r e c id iv is t. B u t th e r e
2 0 0 1 ,
ta p o s
th e
s e n te n c e . H e
th e re
fir s t
w a s
tr ia l fo r r o b b e r y
in
a n d
a n
is
h is
tr ia l fo r
c a s e
o n g o in g
w a s
o n e
c r im e , s h a ll h a v e
e m b ra c e d
tr ia l,
g u ilty
a n d
a n d
is
p r e v io u s
h e
is
in
w a s
th e re
n o t a
d u r in g
w a s
N O T
3 , 2 0 0 1
th e ft J a n u a ry
w h e re
o n g o in g ; h e
is
J a n u a ry
c o m m itte d
o n e
p le a d e d
th e re
th e
s a m e
title
b e e n
p r e v io u s ly
o f th is
C o d e .
tr ia l h e
c o m m is s io n
a s
a n d
tr ia l, a n d
th e ft
c o n v ic te d
ro b b e ry
J a n u a ry
in
2 0 0 3
3 , 2 0 1 0 , h e
2 ,
J a n u a ry
2 0 0 2
d i p a
A p r il 2 , 2 0 0 2 . M e a n w h ile
fo r R o b b e ry
r e c id iv is t a s
p r e v io u s
c o n v ic te d
J a n u a ry
c o m m itte d
c o m m itte d
a n d
A p r il 3 , 2 0 0 3
c o n s id e r e d
r e c id iv is t, h e
s e n te n c e d
c o n v ic te d
w a s
3 , 2 0 0 8 , c o n v ic te d
h e ld
b y
c o n v ic tio n
S C
a n d
th e n
s u b s e q u e n t
s u b s e q u e n t c o n v ic tio n
r e ite r a c io n
a tta c h e s
ro b b e ry
th e n
p r o m u lg a tio n , h e
r e c id iv is t,
c o m m is s io n
2 .
a n
c a s e , h e
- tr ia l in c lu d e s
-
o f
o f m u lti o ffe n d e r s
a n d
2 ,
tim e
fin a l ju d g m e n t o f a n o th e r c r im e
1 . r e c id iv is m
th e
a n
e q u a l
a c c u s e d
o r
h a s
g re a te r
b e e n
p e n a lty
p r e v io u s ly
o r
fo r
o r
p u n is h e d
m o re
fo r
a n
o ffe n s e s
o ffe n s e
to
w h ic h
to
it
w h ic h
a tta c h e s
th e
a
la w
lig h te r
p e n a lty
Y o u
h a v e
fo u n d
b e e n
g u ilty
w a s
P r is io n
is
h e
fo u n d
fo r
g u ilty
h o m ic id e
M a y o r a n d
u n d e r
to
a s s is ta n c e
(th e re
w e re
n o t R e c lu s io n
R e ite r a c io n
s in c e
th e
to
s u ic id e
p u n is h a b le
s e v e r a l m itig a tin g
b y
R e c lu s io n
T e m p o ra l a n d
s o
th e
im p o s a b le
n o t th e
p e n a lty
th e n
im p o s e d
T e m p o ra l
b a s is
is
th e
p e n a lty
a n d
p e n a lty
a c tu a lly
im p o s e d
-
if
o n e
w h o
s u ffe rs
c o n s id e r o n ly
fro m
3 . q u a s i-r e c id iv is m
- if c o n v ic te d
th e
-
s e c o n d
if it is
th e
4 .
in
th e
a c c u s e d
le s s
h e
fro m
fo u n d
2 0 0 0 ,
o ffe n s e
to
o th e r if it is
- y o u
d o
g u ilty
is
n o t a
w h e n
p e r io d
o f
h e
w ith in
1 0
r e c id iv is t,
o ffe n s e
m u s t b e
fo r
n o t
c o n s id e r
im p o s a b le
p e rs o n
w h o
o f fir e a r m s
b e e n
th e ft, e s ta fa , ro b b e ry
o f 1 0
fo u n d
to
g u ilty
1 0
in
th e
fo u n d
a n d
th e n
n o t a
r e c id iv is t, s in c e
c o n v ic te d
m a x im u m
g u ilty
o f
fa ls ific a tio n
h e
fo r
h o m ic id e ,
p e r io d
th e
c r im e s
w a s
o f
1 0
J a n u a ry
2 ,
2 0 0 0 ,
e s ta fa , J a n u a y
s e r io u s
y e a rs . T h e
th e
fo u n d
p h y s ic a l
y e a rs
th ir d , it m u s t b e
2 , 2 0 1 1
in ju r ie s
p e r io d
c o m p u te d
th e n
u p
s h a ll b e
fro m
o f
s e r io u s
g u ilty
y e a r p e r io d
fro m
th e
fir s t to
th e
th ir d
to
o ffe n s e
ja n a u r y
le s s
2 0 1 1
c o m p u te d
th e
y e a rs .
1 0
r e ite r a c io n ,
o r
th ir d
y e a rs
2 , 2 0 1 1
th a n
o f fir e a r m s
s h a ll b e
h a s
r e c id iv is t, J a n u a r y
th e
a n y m o re
fe lo n y
ille g a l p o s s e s s io n
p e n a lty
in ju r ie s
w a s
d o
b o th
fo r ille g a l p o s s e s s io n
p h y s ic a l
s e c o n d , s e c o n d
n o t c o m p u te
c o n s id e r e d
fe lo n y
s e r io u s
o f e s ta fa , m o re
th e
a ls o
c o n v ic te d
a n y
p h y s ic a l in ju r ie s ,
fo u n d
g u ilty
r e c id iv is t, th e
d e lin q u e n c y
fa ls ific a tio n , h e
-
o r o fte n e r w ith in
w a s
s e c o n d
th e n
m u s t b e
is
c a n n o t b e
r e v e r s e , c o n v ic te d
is
s e r io u s
tim e
th e
fo r h o m ic id e
o ffe n s e
h a b itu a l
r e ite r a c io n
r e c id iv is m , th e y
2 ,
2 0 0 9
s e r io u s
w h e n
fro m
h e
th e
fir s t c o n v ic tio n
to
w a s
fir s t
th e
1 0 .
T h a t
th e
a tta c h e s
o ffe n d e r
a n
e q u a l
h a s
o r
b e e n
g re a te r
p r e v io u s ly
p e n a lty
o r
p u n is h e d
fo r
tw o
o r
b y
a n
m o re
o ffe n s e
c r im e s
to
to
w h ic h
w h ic h
it
th e
la w
a tta c h e s
lig h te r p e n a lty .
1 1 . T h a t th e
c r im e
b e
w ill g iv e
m o n e y , a g g r a v a tin g ?
N o , th e
W h e th e r th e re
a s k e d
re n e g e d
-
1 2 .
to
o n
In
T h a t
u s e
o f
fir e
T h e
th e
w a n te d
a n d
in
o f a
p r ic e , r e w a r d , o r p r o m is e .
th e ir p r o fe s s o r , te llin g
m u s t b e
th e
s o le
o r n o t, B
re tu rn ,
c ir c u m s ta n c e , th e
o n
th a t if B
w o u ld
p r o m is e d
to
w ill k ill th e ir p r o fe s s o r ,
c o m m it th e
c r im e .
s till k ill A
th a t
s h e
w ill m a r r y
h im ,
h o w e v e r
to
c o m m itte d
o r
jo k e ,
b e
in v o lv in g
d id
o f
b y
is
n o t, is
a g g r a v a tin g
a s
o f
n o tw ith s ta n d in g
a n
in u n d a tio n ,
th e re to ,
g re a t w a s te
lig h te d
a g g r a v a tin g
c o n s id e r e d
th e
fa c t th a t
a n d
p o is o n ,
o f
e x p lo s io n ,
lo c o m o tiv e ,
o r
b y
th o u g h t
c o u ld
r u in .
re ta rd e d
a g g r a v a tin g
fir e ,
d e r a ilm e n t
p e rs o n ;
o f fir e
th e y
th e y
p re s e n t?
c ir c u m s ta n c e , its
e m p lo y m e n t m u s t b e
fo r
o f k illin g
d ie d , is
b e c a u s e
m e a n s
d a m a g e
p e o p le
c a r n a l k n o w le d g e
a n d
b y
in te r n a tio n a l
g ro u p
p u rp o s e
h a v e
N o ,
b e
b u t th e y
s o le
p r o m is e
h e r p r o m is e
o th e r a r tific e
fir e , to
g o t o v e rd o s e d
-
w ith
o r p r o m is e
h u s b a n d
v e s s e l
p r a c tic a l
w a s
c r im e
a
o f a n y
o n e
g ru d g e
h is , a g g r a v a tin g ?
th e
c o n tro l th e
k ill A s
re n e g e d
s tr a n d in g
p r ic e , r e w a r d
A g g r a v a tin g
A
th e
h a s
in
a p p ro a c h e d
h im
w h o
c o m m itte d
th e
p o is o n
p o is o n
w ith
s o
p la c e d
s le e p in g
p ills
to
B s
d r in k ,
h o w e v e r,
w a s
n o t
e m p lo y e d
fo r
th e
s o le
p u rp o s e
o f
k illin g
b u t
to
h a v e
c a r n a l k n o w le d g e
1 3 . T h a t th e
A
a n d
a c t b e
h a d
A ra n e ta
o n
c o m m itte d
fis tfig h t,
F r id a y , th e n
A
A
to ld
k ille d
w ith
B
e v id e n t p r e m e d ita tio n .
th a t
th e
la tte r
w o u ld
liv e
o n ly
u n til
F r id a y .
th e n
s a w
in
B , e v id e n t p r e m e d ita tio n ?
- N o
R e q u is ite s
1 . T im e
2 .
A c t
o f E v id e n t P r e m e d ita tio n :
th a t th e
o r
a c ts
a c c u s e d
m a n ife s tly
is
d e te r m in e d
in d ic a tin g
o r in te n d e d
th a t
th e
to
a c c u s e d
c o m m it th e
c lu n g
to
c r im e
h is
d e te r m in a tio n
to
c o m m it
th e
c r im e
3 .
S u ffic ie n t
a c c u s e d
to
S u p p o s e
la p s e
m e d ita te
o f
o n
s h a rp e n e d
T h e re
is
tim e
th e
h is
b e tw e e n
th e
d e te r m in a tio n
c o n s e q u e n c e s
b o lo
th e n
w h e n
e v id e n t p r e m e d ita tio n
o n
h e
h is
s a w
a n d
th e
a c t
B , h e
k ille d
B .
e x e c u tio n
o f
th e
c r im e
fo r
th e
B A R
A
T O P N O T C H E R
in te n d e d
to
m o v e m e n t
o f
k ill
E ,
Q U E S T IO N :
h is
m o rta l
h e
s a w
h o w e v e r , th a t E - 1 , E s
Is
th e re
-
tw in
e n e m y ,
a fte r
b e c a u s e
th e
in
h e
p la n n e d
d a y s
b ro th e r w a s
e v id e n t p r e m e d ita tio n
N o ,
E ,
c a s e
o f
a ls o
in
th e
o f m is ta k e
p r e p a r a tio n
w a s
th e
k illin g
p r e p a r in g ,
fo r
e n te re d
d a y s ,
c o m fo rt ro o m , E -1
in
a n d
c o m fo rt
m o n ito r e d
ro o m ,
w e n t o u t a n d
it
A
th e
h a p p e n s
k ille d
h im .
id e n tity ?
fo c u s e d
to
k ill
n o t
E -1 ,
th e re
is
n o
e v id e n t
p r e m e d ita tio n
1 4 . T h a t th e
A
c o v e re d
c ra ft, fra u d
h is
fa c e
r e c o g n iz e d , is
-
T h e re
w a n te d
a n d
to ld
-
is
to
h is
w ith
th e re
c h a rc o a l
ro b
h is
th e n
tim e
n e ig h b o r , h e
n e ig h b o r , h o ld
B ,
b e
e m p lo y e d .
h e
e n te re d
B s
h o u s e
ra p e d
a n d
g o t
o n ly
th e re a fte r
d is g u is e ?
d is g u is e , a t th e
N o , b e c a u s e
ro b b e d
o r d is g u is e
b e fo re
h o w e v e r,
u p
o f th e
u s e d
c o m m is s io n
b a s e b a ll c a p
ito , h o w e v e r , th e
th e
c o m m is s io n
d u r in g
w h ic h
h is
h e
w a s
h e
c o v e re d
n e ig h b o r k n e w
o f th e
m a s k
c r im e , A
fe ll,
n o t r e c o g n iz e d
A s
fa ile d
h is
w ith
id e n tity , is
to
th e re fo re
fa c e
th e re
c o n c e a l h is
r e v e a lin g
h is
h a n d k e r c h ie f
d is g u is e ?
id e n tity
id e n tity ,
is
th e re
d is g u is e ?
-
Y e s , A
m e n
th e y
h a s
w e a r in g
h a d
Y e s ,
th e y
1 5 . T h a t
c o m m e n c e d
A m e r ic a n a , w a itin g
c o n v e r s a tio n ,
e a r n in g s , th e n
-
a lr e a d y
th e s e
th e re
w e re
m e n
w a s
o n ly
a d v a n ta g e
th e
th e
fo r a
ta x i
ro b b e d
c ra ft/fra u d ,
c o m m is s io n
o f th e
c r im e
ta x i, ta x i d r iv e r th in k in g
d r iv e r
s a y in g
th a t
th e
th e
ta x i d r iv e r , is
th e re
th e y
p re te n d e d
b e
to
th a t th e s e
la tte r
m e n
a lr e a d y
w o u ld
h a d
g iv e
tip ,
th o u s a n d
in
c ra ft?
a
b o n a
fid e
p a s s e n g e rs
w h e n
in
tru th
p a s s e n g e rs
b e
ta k e n
o f
s u p e r io r
s tre n g th ,
o r
m e a n s
b e
e m p lo y e d
to
w e a k e n
th e
d e fe n s e .
m a n
-
w h o
-
k ille d
a n o th e r b y
is
m a n , 5 7 r a p e d
th e
is
s p e c ia lly
a c t b e
tre a c h e ry
e m p lo y in g
th e
o f a
k n ife
B , 5 1 a
o ffe n d e r m u s t h a v e
1 6 . T h a t th e
T h e re
m e a n s
a n d
th e
o th e r w e a p o n le s s , a b u s e
o f s u p e r io r s tr e n g th ?
Y e s
m e a n s ,
to
o ffe n d e d
in s u r e
p a rty
e m p lo y e d
c o m m itte d
w h e n
th e
m e th o d s ,
its
w o m a n , is
w ith
fo rm s
e x e c u tio n ,
m ig h t m a k e .
a b u s e
m e a n s , g r o s s ly
tre a c h e ry
o ffe n d e r
o r
th e re
w ith o u t
d is p r o p o r tio n a te
to
th e
d e fe n s e
( a le v o s ia ).
c o m m its
in
o f s u p e r io r s tr e n g th ?
th e
r is k
a n y
o f
e x e c u tio n
to
h im s e lf
th e
c r im e s
th e re o f
a r is in g
a g a in s t
w h ic h
fro m
te n d
th e
th e
p e rs o n ,
d ir e c tly
d e fe n s e
a n d
w h ic h
h a d
n o t in te n d e d
ro o m , E -1
th e re
to
k ill E , th e n
h o w e v e r a ls o
tim e
in s id e , A
s a w
h id
E , p re p a re d
b e h in d
h is
d ru m , E -1
g u n , a n d
w a ite d
w e n t o u t a n d
in
th e
c o m fo rt
g o t s h o t b y
A , w a s
tre a c h e ry ?
th e re
w a s
1 7 . T h a t m e a n s
n a tu ra l e ffe c ts
- ig n o m in y
If th e
w a s
o n e
w ife
is
w h e th e r
m is ta k e n
b e
k ille d
o r
w h o
o f th e
w a s
k ille d
o r
E -1 , th e
a c t w a s
tre a c h e ro u s , e v e n
if
v ic tim
b r o u g h t a b o u t w h ic h
a d d
ig n o m in y
to
th e
a c t.
w a s
id e n tity
e m p lo y e d
o f th e
it w a s
in
th e
w h ic h
a d d
p re s e n c e
o b lo q u y
o f th e
a n d
r id ic u le
h u s b a n d , is
to
th e re
th e
n a tu ra l e ffe c ts
to
th e
c r im e
ig n o m in y ?
N o n e
S u p p o s e
th e
w ife
g o t ra p e d
in
th e
p re s e n c e
o f th e
h u s b a n d , is
th e re
ig n o m in y ?
- Y e s
In
o n e
c a s e ,
fro m
h is
c o m in g
-
In
w h o
la n d , is
Y e s , it a d d s
o n e
c a s e
th e
o w n e d
1 0
th e re
o b lo q u y
h e c ta re s ,
k ille d
b y
h is
te n a n ts
a n d
d u r in g
w h ic h
fe d
A ,
d ir t
ig n o m in y ?
to
o th e r ro b b e d
g o t
th e
c r im e
th e
h o u s e
a n d
th e
o th e r ra p e d
th e
m a id , th e y
u s e d
th e
d o g
s ty le
p o s itio n , ig n o m in y ?
-
T h e
Y e s , it d e m e a n s
ro b b e rs
-
ro b b e d
R o b b e ry
is
n o
s a id
1 8 . T h a t th e
is
w in d o w
h o m ic id e , th e
c la s s ifie d
in
A rt.
1 4
th e
n o t lik e
fa th e r, a n d
w o u ld
b e
th a t p o s itio n
w o u ld
ra p e
c o n s id e r e d
th e
a s
w ife , c r im e ?
a n
a g g r a v a tin g
ig n o m in y
o f P e o p le
ju s t
a s
lik e
R o b b e ry
r u lin g , th e
b e
A rt.
v s
1 3
R e g a la , it is
th a t
p r o v id e s
n o t a g g r a v a tin g , b e c a u s e
fo r
a n a lo g o u s
th e re
c ir c u m s ta n c e .
is
(b a d
u n la w fu l
tr ip le
a d d itio n a l k illin g
c o m m itte d
e n try
w ith
a fte r a n
w h e n
a n
H o m ic id e ,
is
n o
in
th e
o ld
r u lin g ,
P e o p le
lo n g e r a g g r a v a tin g , o n ly
v s
G a m o ,
c iv il lia b ility
u n la w fu l e n tr y .
e n tra n c e
o f
c r im e
w a ll,
ro o f,
flo o r ,
d o o r,
o r
b ro k e n .
T h e re
U n la w fu l e x it is
th e
a s
w o u ld
ra p e
re c e n t c a s e
c r im e
n e w
c r im e
a n
b e
w h o
S a n d o v a l)
s u c h
a g g r a v a tin g , th e
w o m a n
h o u s e , k ille d
th e
p r o v is io n
r u lin g
T h e re
b e
H o w e v e r , in
n o
T h e re
th e
w ith
th a t w o u ld
-
th e
is
u n la w fu l e n tr y
la tte r s
a g g r a v a tin g
w h e n
th e re
is
n o t a g g r a v a tin g , a s
h o u s e ,
k ille d
h im ,
w a y
w h e n
a n d
o f d w e llin g
w e n t
e ffe c te d
w a s
o u t
n o t in te n d e d
a c c o m m o d a te d
th ro u g h
th e
fo r th e
b y
p u rp o s e .
B , th e n
w in d o w ,
b u t
w h e n
ta k e
in s id e
n o te
o f
1 9 . T h a t a s
m e a n s
to
th e
c o m m is s io n
o f a
c r im e , a
w a ll, r o o f, flo o r , d o o r , o r
w in d o w
b e
b ro k e n .
A
s to le
fro m
- N o , n o t a
th e
m e a n s
- c ir c u m s ta n c e
2 0 . T h a t
m e a n s
th e
o f
to
c r im e
b y
in te n d e d
to
o f B , A
th e
b e
b ro k e
th e
c o m m is s io n
o f d w e llin g
m o to r
a m e n d e d
A
h o u s e
c a n
b e
v e h ic le s ,
5 4 3 8 ).
ro b
B s
o f th e
c r im e
b u t a s
m e a n s
to
th e
e s c a p e
re c o g n iz e d
c o m m itte d
R A
w in d o w , a g g r a v a tin g ?
w ith
th e
m o to r iz e d
h o u s e , u s e d
a id
o f p e rs o n s
w a te rc ra ft,
b a n c a
g o in g
to
u n d e r
a ir s h ip s ,
B s
h o u s e
fifte e n
o r
o th e r
th e n
e x ite d
y e a rs
o f
s im ila r
th ro u g h
a g e
o r
m e a n s .
b y
(A s
m o to r b o a t,
-
2 1 .
Y e s , s in c e
T h a t
th e
c a u s in g
w a s
is
fo u n d
u n le s s
w a s
w ro n g
to
is
is
n o
v ic tim . W h e n
w o u ld
n o t p r o lo n g
A L T E R N A T IV E
T h e ir
a n d
T h e
a s
v ic tim
la w
p a rty
d o e s
h o w e v e r , in
is
th e
d e g re e
th e
c r im e
b e
d e lib e r a te ly
a u g m e n te d
b y
d e a d
th e re
c r u e lty ?
s u b s e q u e n t w o u n d s
b e h in d
fro m
th e
c r u e lty
is
fir s t s ta b
w e re
in flic te d , th e
th a t, it p r o lo n g s
w o u n d , th e
th e
v ic tim
s u ffe r in g
s u b s e q u e n t s ta b s
v ic tim .
b y
w h e n
o f c r im e s
o f
in
th e
r e la tio n s h ip
a g a in s t c h a s tity
c r im e s
a g a in s t p e r s o n s ,
k ill h is
its
r e la tio n s h ip
a ffin ity
th o s e
to
s h a ll
b e
ta k e n
s a m e
T h e y
o r
p r o v id e d
b y
a n d
b e
ta k e n
e ffe c ts
th e
o f
in to
th e
r e la tio n s h ip ,
o ffe n d e r.
in to
o f th e
n a tu r a l,
o r
w h e n
th e
a d o p te d
o ffe n d e r.
m itig a tin g .
r a p e , r e la tio n s h ip
m u s t
a re
le g itim a te ,
d e g re e s
a g g r a v a tin g
w h ic h
n a tu re
o f th e
d e s c e n d a n t,
a n d
th e
c o m m is s io n .
e d u c a tio n
m itig a tin g , a s
s o n , r e la tio n s h ip
n o t c o n s id e r a n y m o r e
is
a re
a c c o r d in g
a n d
a s c e n d a n t,
In
w o u ld
o f in s tr u c tio n
s p o u s e ,
d is tin g u is h
c a s e
in h e r e n t, d o
a n d
re a s o n
a tte n d in g
a g a in s t p r o p e r t y , a lw a y s
is
fa ta l, is
m itig a tin g
c o n d itio n s
in
o r
c r im e s
fa th e r
th e
A lte r n a tiv e
In
If th e
th e
v ic tim
s e c o n d
a lr e a d y
o f th e
a g g r a v a tin g
b r o th e r o r s is te r , o r r e la tiv e
T h e
th e
o f
a g g r a v a tin g
c o m m is s io n s .
w o u n d s , a ll o f th e m
s u ffe r in g
o th e r
a n d
a lte r n a tiv e
o ffe n d e d
th e
th e
fo r its
o f th e
c r u e lty , b e c a u s e
c o n c e p t.
th e
in to x ic a tio n
c o m m is s io n
s u ffe r in g
s ta b
c r im e , it is
c r im e
th e
p ro o f th a t w h e n
a liv e , th e r e
1 5 .
s till p a r t o f th e
in
th e
d e a d , 7 0
th e re
is
n o t n e c e s s a ry
p r o lo n g
o f th e
A rt.
d o n e
o th e r w ro n g
- p u rp o s e
e s c a p in g
is
U n d e r
a lw a y s
ju r is p r u d e n c e
A rt. 3 3 2 .
N o , th e
c r im e
is
p a r r ic id e , r e la tio n s h ip
E x c e p t
in
s e r io u s
m itig a tin g
W h e re
T h e
w h e n
th e
p h y s ic a l
th e
v ic tim
v ic tim
s a m e
is
o f
w h e n
n o t
th e
th e
h a b itu a l
in to x ic a tio n
is
o r o ffe n d e d
in to x ic a tio n
in ju r ie s ,
is
w h e re
r e la tiv e
p a rty
is
o r
o r
a lw a y s
R e la tio n s h ip
is
o f h ig h e r le v e l, a g g r a v a tin g
s h a ll
h a s
b e
ta k e n
c o m m itte d
s u b s e q u e n t
h a b itu a l
is
o f lo w e r le v e l.
o ffe n d e r
o ffe n d e r
r e la tio n s h ip
to
th e
in te n tio n a l,
fe lo n y
p la n
it
in to
to
s h a ll
in
c o m m it
b e
a s
s ta te
o f
s a id
fe lo n y
c o n s id e r e d
m itig a tin g
in to x ic a tio n , if
a s
b u t
a n
th e
w h e n
th e
a g g r a v a tin g
c ir c u m s ta n c e .
A ,B ,C
it is
a n d
s u b s e q u e n t to
H a b itu a l
ta s te
L o w
d e g re e
ra p e d
is
A , a
p la n
to
b e c a u s e
th e n
k ille d
h is
to
is
a g g r a v a tin g
s in c e
a n d
p r a c tic e
e d u c a tio n
a n d
in
d r in k in g ,
th e re
c o m e s
tim e
in
h is
life ,
th a t
u p o n
d r in k
is
e d u c a tio n
w o m a n , a lle g in g , lo w
tre a s o n ,
a lle g in g
la w y e r , c o m m its
E s ta fa
a lw a y s
is
d e g re e
m itig a tin g
a lw a y s
if a p p lic a b le .
a g g r a v a tin g
if a p p lic a b le .
o f in s tr u c tio n , N o , it is
n a tu ra l to
k n o w
th a t, c o m m ittin g
lo w
d e g re e
o f
in s tr u c tio n ,
N o ,
lo v e
o f
c o u n try
m u s t
b e
in h e r e n t
to
m u r d e r , is
h ig h
d e g re e
N o , y o u
n e e d
n o t b e
B a n k
4 -
c o m m it m u r d e r
th ro u g h
3 0 0 k , A
w o u ld
c o m m it it, it is
k itin g
is s u e
w o u ld
d e p o s it
in
c h e c k , th a t c ir c u la te s
B a n k
h is
1 -3 0 0 k ,
b a n k
B a n k
d e p o s its
2 -3 0 0 k ,
b e tw e e n
B a n k
th e
3 -3 0 0 k ,
b a n k s , if A
w o u ld
T w o
P E R S O N S
C R IM IN A L L Y
A rt. 1 6 . W h o
g ra v e
a re
L IA B L E
c r im in a lly
F O R
lia b le .
F E L O N IE S
T h e
fo llo w in g
fe lo n ie s :
1 . P r in c ip a ls .
2 . A c c o m p lic e s .
3 . A c c e s s o r ie s .
T h e
X , in to x ic a tio n
k ill X
o f
ir r e s is tib le
a n d
p e rs o n .
la w y e r to
T itle
k ill X , g o t in to x ic a te d
c r im e
c o m m its
e v e ry
th e
to
d e g re e
ra p e
A
m e a n s ,
o f b e e r , it is
H ig h
D , p la n n e d
fo llo w in g
1 . P r in c ip a ls
a re
c r im in a lly
lia b le
fo r lig h t fe lo n ie s :
a r e
c r im in a lly
lia b le
fo r
g ra v e
a n d
le s s
2 . A c c o m p lic e s .
- A c c e s s o r ie s
a re
n o t lia b le
A r t. 1 7 . P r in c ip a ls .
T h e
1 . T h o s e
w h o
ta k e
2 . T h o s e
w h o
d ir e c tly
3 . T h o s e
w h o
c o o p e ra te
w o u ld
n o t h a v e
in d u c e d
fo r
a n d
p r in c ip a ls
A
a n d
fo rc e
If th e
to
th e
in
th e
a s
A la r m s
c o n s id e r e d
e x e c u tio n
o r in d u c e
o th e rs
a n d
S c a n d a ls
p r in c ip a ls :
o f th e
to
c o m m is s io n
ro b
th e
th e
g ro c e ry
c r im e
D
w a s
a c t;
c o m m it it;
o f th e
is
a n
a c t, w ill a ll th e
p r in c ip a l b y
o f C , D
o ffe n s e
p r o v id e d
c o m m itte d
a n d
a c c o m p lic e
d ir e c t p a r tic ip a tio n , C
fa ile d
a re
s u c h
b y
a n o th e r a c t w ith o u t w h ic h
it
a c c o m p lis h e d .
in d u c e m e n t,
b y
fo llo w in g
d ir e c t p a r t in
B , to
a fte r
p r in c ip a l b y
b e e n
a n d
fo r lig h t fe lo n ie s
is
to
p r o v id e
fo r
th e
d id
b e
a n d
th e
fir e a r m s ,
a g a in s t th e m
d ir e c t p a r tic ip a tio n
fir e a r m s
p r o v id in g
p r in c ip a l b y
c a s e s
w ill
a n d
m e a n s
w ill b e
to
p r o v id in g
th e
c o o p e r a tio n , E
w a itin g
e s c a p e .
is
a n d
is
a re
a c c e s s o ry , b u t
d is m is s e d ?
n o t p e rfo rm , th e y
a re
a ll n o t lia b le , c a s e
w ill b e
d is m is s e d
-
If
y o u
s p e a k
o f
p re s u p p o s e s
p r in c ip a l b y
If y o u
s p e a k
o f a n
a c c o m p lic e , th e r e
If y o u
s p e a k
o f a n
a c c e s s o ry , th e re
d ito
a n d
n a
ro o m
-
a r r iv a l, A
a k o , b a k a
a n d
p a g
lu m a b a s
is
a n d
th e
N o ,
to
b e c a u s e
d o
th e
o f A
n a tin
m g a
k a y
w h o
b y
th e n
p re te n d e d
c o o p e r a tio n ,
it
th e ir
w e re
ro u n d
m a n y
o f d r in k s , th e n
n e ig h b o r s
m g a
m a n y
ro o m s , 5
ib a n g
k w a rto
o ld , h e
a n d
k a p itb h a y
ro o m s , a n d
a k o
d ir e c t
b e
s u ffe re d
w e n t h o m e . Is
n a
c o ld
A
a n g
th e y
h e
a k o
to ld
n g
s ta y e d
p ro c e e d e d
B , C
a n d
b a h a la , B
in
th e
b a h a la o n ly
to
fe e t o n
a re
p e r s o n a lly
th e
th e y
m a in
a n d
to
th o s e
th e
th e ir w a y , h e
p r in c ip a l b y
p ro c e e d e d
to
d ir e c t p a r tic ip a tio n , s in c e
a ll th e ir a c ts , te n d in g
w h o
b y
to
th e
D , th a t
w e n t u p
d o o r a n d
e n te re d
s h o t X .
y e a rs
p r in c ip a ls
h a d
p r in c ip a l
a
o r
m a g s u lp u ta n
s a
b y
a k o th e n
a n d
w e re
p r in c ip a ls
la n g
is
is
th a t th e re
n a k a tir a
o n ly
a re
c r im e
c r im e , a n d
c a s e
r e a liz e d
y o u n g e s t, 1 7
k a k o s a , jijin g le
th e
a n g
k ill X , th e y
th a t th e re
o f X , b u t it w a s
to
p a g p a ta y
o b s e rv e d
A , B , C
S u p p o s e
m g a
o f X , u p o n
h o u s e
s a id
In
is
in d u c e m e n t
h o u s e
th e
th a t th e re
b y
A ,B ,C
th e
p r in c ip a l
to
to ld
k ill X
B , C
a n d
D ,
d ir e c t p a r tic ip a tio n ?
th a t
s c e n e
c o n s p ir e d
o f th e
w ith
c r im e
to
e a c h
o th e r
e x e c u te
th e
s a m e .
a n s w e r in g
th e
c a ll o f n a tu r e
b u t a c tu a lly
le ft, w h a t d id
h e
c o m m it?
-
H e
is
A ,
B ,
d id
n o
a n d
m a g p a in o m
D ,
k a
c o u n te re d , h e
a
s p e a r, a n d
n o t c o m m it a n y
la w
p u n is h in g
w h e n
th e y
n a m a n ,
s a id
w h e n
c r im e , a lth o u g h
c o n s p ir a c y
p a s s e d
th e
s a w
h im , A
th e
c o m m itte d
r e s id e n c e
s h o u te d
p w e d e n g
to o k
c o n s p ir a c y
to
c o m m it M u r d e r , th e r e
c o m p a d re ,
a n d
c o m m it M u rd e r
c o m p a d re
h in d i n a m a n
A
b y
to
h o ld
h in d i k a
o f th e
o f
A s
y u n g
d a g a t
a n g
in y o n g
m a g p a p a in o m th e
s p e a r, th e y
w e re
th e y
s h o u te d ,
la k la k in ,
c o m p a d r e
w r e s tlin g , a n d
c a m e
th e n
p a re
w h e n
o u t w ith
th e
w ife
o f
th e
c o m p a d re
s a w
a s s a u lte d , h a c k e d
is
th e
is
th e
th e
w ife
lia b le ?
w o u ld
b e
Y o u
c a n
lia b le ?
N o ,
A , th e re
is
a
th e re
e v e n
h o ld
is
n o
o f
b y
p r in c ip a l b y
n o
b o lo
c o n s p ir a c y
im p lie d
p r in c ip a l
b e
g o t
th in k in g
th a t
h is
c o m p a d re
w a s
b e in g
A .
c o n s id e r e d
p r in c ip a l b y
a n d
Y e s
c o m p a d re
la tte r k ille d
th is
b y
b e tw e e n
th e
c o n s p ir a c y . If th e r e
d ir e c t
p a r tic ip a tio n
a n d
c o m p a d re
a n d
w a s
im p lie d
th e
c o m p a d re
th e
w ife
w h e n
c o n s p ir a c y , th e
w ill
b e
w ife
lia b le
a s
c o o p e r a tio n .
in d u c e m e n t b y
o ffe r in g
p r ic e , r e w a r d
o r
p r o m is e
to
th e
p r in c ip a l b y
d ir e c t p a r tic ip a tio n .
S u p p o s e
m o
5 k
y u n
a p p ro a c h e d
b ib ig y a n
to
A , a re
N o ,
y o u
In
th e
T h e
If
y o u
s in c e
-
is
T h e
to
A ,B ,C
s e x ,
a n d
S C
s a w
w a s
to
th e
is
a re
C ,
th e
is
m a n ,
a n d
a s k e d
y o u
y u n
th e
5 k
y o u
s a id
th a t
fo r k illin g
p a g
X . Y o u
n a p a ta y
th e n
g a v e
b y
s o m e
p r ic e ,
re w a rd
o r
p r o m is e
b u t
r e s o lv e d
o n
h is
A s
re w a rd , h e
h ir e d
b e
a s s a s s in , a n d
th e
p r in c ip a l
h o w e v e r,
ta k e
in
h is
b y
h a v e
a s k e d
d ir e c t
n o te
fo r M u rd e r e v e n
r e v o lv e r
w o u ld
h a n d , A
th e
la tte r to
th e
k ill h is
a n d
h u s b a n d
c o n s p ir e d
th a t,
if th e y
k ille d
n o to r io u s
w ith
s h a ll
e a c h
w ife .
th e
h u s b a n d
b e
is
lia b le
fo r
s ta b
th e
o th e r
c r im in a l a s k e d
to
y o u
lia b le
c o m p u ls io n
w o rd s
b y
d ir e c t
o f ir r e s is tib le
is
o f c o m m a n d
m o r a l in flu e n c e
to
a lth o u g h
y o u
a re
n o t
lia b le
fo rc e
ra p e
W , A
b y
w o rth
a n d
T h e y
to
v s . M a rc o s )
p r in c ip a l b y
th e
in
h o ld in g
th e
p a r t ic ip a tio n ,
a re
a ll
le g s ,
A
a n d
p r in c ip a ls
b y
h o ld in g
B
a re
d ir e c t
th e
a rm s ,
p r in c ip a l
b y
w a s
h a v in g
th e ir
a c ts
a ll
ra p e
P 1 0 0 K
to ld
w a s
d ir e c t
in c o r r e c t.
e n d , th a t is
( P e o p le
o v e r th e
c o o p e r a tio n
p r in c ip a l
it,
a re
in d u c e m e n t
c h e c k
a p p ro v e d
u n d e r th e
S C
s a m e
v in ta g e
c h e c k . W h a t is
in d u c e d
w o u ld
m a n a g e r o f B D O , h e
m a n a g e r
k ille d
T a ra n ta d o
d e a d .
th e
th e
w ill k ill X ,
o r w ith o u t th e
h o ld s
in d u c e m e n t?
n o t
a s s a s s in
in d u c e m e n t b y
s a id
d ir e c te d
B , A
s ta b
y o u
th e
p r in c ip a l h a s
P r in c ip a l b y
th e n
in d u c e m e n t,
p r in c ip a l b y
P r in c ip a l b y
s a id ,
a p p ro a c h e d
a s s a s s in
b y
k n ife
m a n , o th e r w is e
-
w a s
h u s b a n d
h ir e d
P a r r ic id e , a n d
th re w
5 k , A
p r in c ip a l b y
A
a n d
k ill X .
p r in c ip a l
n g
o th e r w o r d s , w ith
S u p p o s e
-
k ita
b e c a u s e
o w n , to
-
p a
y o u ,
to
d a te d
lo n g
e n c a s h
tim e
it. T h e
a g o , h e
fo llo w in g
m a n a g e r
d is tr ib u te d
th e
o f e s ta fa
c r im e
a m o n g
th ro u g h
k e p t it , h e
d a y , A
h a d
w e n t to
th e m s e lv e s
fa ls ific a tio n
th e
o f a
d o rm
th e
m a te
te lle r , th e n
p ro c e e d s
p u b lic
o f
w h o
th e
th e
d o c u m e n t?
is
p r in c ip a l
b y
d ir e c t
c o o p e r a tio n , w h o s e
c o o p e r a tio n
is
a n d
th e
m a n a g e r
o f d iffe r e n t n a tu r e
is
th a n
p r in c ip a l
b y
th a t o f th e
p r in c ip a l b y
d ir e c t
w a s
c h o k in g
s ta b b e d
th e
B ,
B , w h e n
c a u s e
A 1
A
o f d e a th
P r in c ip a l b y
w a s
w a s
B ,
B , w h e n
w o u n d
a n d
is
a n
w a s
p u llin g
c h o k in g
k n ife
B
s ta b
s a w
th a t
th a t A 1
c h o k in g
B ,
B ,
B , h e
a n d
w e n t
le t lo o s e
w o u n d . W h a t is
th e
b e h in d
o f B
a n d
B ,
p u lle d
to ld
A 1
o u t
h is
b a k it m o
k n ife
a n d
s in a k s a k ?
o f A 1 ?
w a s
lia b le
fo r th e
c h o k in g
s ta b b e d
B ,
in ju r y
a n d
w e n t
B , h e
c o n tin u e d
to
d e a th
th e
s u s ta in e d
to
b e h in d
c h o k e
in
B ,
th e
c h o k in g
p u lle d
B , th e
o f B . W h a t is
th e
o u t
c a u s e
h is
k n ife
o f d e a th
a n d
w a s
th e
o f A 1 ?
h e
c o o p e ra te d
in
th e
e x e c u tio n
o f
th e
c r im e
b y
p r e v io u s
a n d
a c ts .
A 1
a n d
a n d
c h o k in g
c o n tr ib u te d
a c c o m p lic e ;
c h o k in g
w a s
s ta b b e d
s im u lta n e o u s
th e
s a w
th e
P r in c ip a l b y
fo r h o m ic id e , b u t is
A 1
th a t
th a t A 1
n o t lia b le
c h o k in g
s ta b b e d
s ta b
is
s a w
s a w
s a w
th is
s te a lth ily
m a d e
a n d
b e g a n
a p p r o a c h in g
g o o d
h o ld
o f
a p p r o a c h in g
B
s o
a n d
th a t
th e n
A 1
B ,
w h ile
w h e n
w o u ld
A 1
h a v e
w a s
w a s
a
c h o k in g
s ta b b in g
g o o d
a im
B ,
B ,
a t
h e
h e
B .
s a w
A 1
c o n tin u e d
d ie d
o f
s ta b
w o u n d s
-
A 1
is
lia b le
is
fo r p r in c ip a l b y
p r in c ip a l
c o n tin u e d
w a s
to
s a w
b lo w , b u t h e
-
A 1
is
th e
is
k ille d
o f th e
p r in c ip a l b y
a rm e d
-
th e
s u c h
in
s in c e
m o re
w h e n
h e
d is a d v a n ta g e d
c o n s p ir a c y
w o u ld
r a is e
s a w
A 1
a p p r o a c h in g ,
p o s itio n . In
A s
th is
lia b ility
to
h e
c a s e , th e re
p r in c ip a l
b y
w h e n
A 1
c h o k in g , s ta b
b e g a n
w o u n d s
to
s ta b
o n ly
h im ,
w a s
c o n tr ib u te d
to
a b le
th e
to
d o d g e
th e
fa ta l
d e a th .
c o o p e r a tio n , th e r e
A c c o m p lic e s
e x e c u tio n
o f th e
a re
th o s e
o ffe n s e
w a s
p e rs o n s
b y
p r e v io u s
y o u
th a t th e y
im p lie d
c o n s p ir a c y
w h o , n o t
b e in g
o r s im u lta n e o u s
in c lu d e d
in
A rt.
a c ts .
A C T S
m e n
Y o u
in
p la c e d
a n d
a p p r o a c h in g ,
A r t. 1 8 . A c c o m p lic e s .
P R E V IO U S
a n d
c o o p e r a tio n
p r in c ip a l b y
1 7 , c o o p e ra te
c o n s p ir a c y
A 1
w a s
c h o k e
im p lie d
S u p p o s e
b y
c a m e
w o u ld
a n d
b e
a s k
lia b le
y o u
a s
a n
a b o u t X
te llin g
a c c o m p lic e
if th e y
w ill k ill X , y o u
p ro c e e d e d
to
k ill X .
p o in te d
X s
h o u s e .
a p p ro a c h e d
s a id
B ,
I w ill X , b u t B
-
is
a n
S u p p o s e
k ille d
th e
a p p ro a c h e d
to
s e e
G
a n d
n o t
a n d
n o t Y .
p la c e
a n d
lia b le
a s
a n
A rt.
1 9 .
h is
s to le
C a n
is
in
S u p p o s e
th e
th is
th e n
b o rro w e d
w o u ld
b e
it,
lia b le . A
a s k e d
k ille d
w h y ,
w ith
a n d
g u n .
g u n
o f B ?
it a n d
th e
th e re
m u s t b e
a c t o f th e
d ir e c t r e la tio n
p r in c ip a l b y
b e tw e e n
in
o w n e r o f th e
a
in
g u n , a n d
m o rta l e n e m y
k illin g
n o
Y ,
b o rro w e d
o f A , k ille d
d ir e c t
r e la tio n
b e c a u s e
th e
g u n
th e
g u n
to
k ill X . A
h o w e v e r
Y .
b e tw e e n
th e
w a s
fo r
le n t
a c t
o f
th e
in
le n d in g
p u rp o s e
o f
th e
k illin g
to ld
th a t h is
th a t
b y
h is
b ro th e r w a s
h is
b ro th e r
w o n
b u t
s im u lta n e o u s
a c ts .
A c c e s s o r ie s
a r e
w ith o u t h a v in g
p a rt s u b s e q u e n t to
w o rth
e n g a g in g
its
o r a s s is tin g
5 0 0 k , th e n
o ffe re d
s till h e
th o s e
it to
k n ife
k ic k e d
w h o ,
in
o ffe n d e r to
p a r tic ip a te d
c o m m is s io n
th e
in
h is
b r o th e r s
h a v in g
a n y
o f th e
w o u ld
th e
b u y
w e n t to
o p p o n e n t.
k n o w le d g e
th e r e in , e ith e r
p r o fit b y
fo r 2 0 k , if B
fig h t o u ts id e , A
th e
A
o f
th e
a s
p r in c ip a ls
fo llo w in g
m a n n e rs :
e ffe c ts
it, B
is
o f th e
a n
is
o r
c r im e .
a c c e s s o ry , h e
lia b le
is
u n d e r A rt. 1 9
th e re
c r im e ,
p u t tw ic e
w a tc h
h e
d id
B , a n d
w ill b e
o f th e
u n d e r P .D . 1 6 1 2
a re
h a s
in
a n d
( a n ti- fe n c in g
P .D . 1 6 1 2 ?
o ffe n s e s , n o
c o m m itte d
je o p a r d y
la w )
d o u b le
o ffe n s e s .
fo r th e
s a m e
je o p a r d y , s in c e
T h e
th e
c o n s titu tio n
o ffe n s e , th e re
w a s
s a m e
p r o v id e s
a
s a m e
a c t
o f p r o fitin g
th a t,
N o
a c t, b u t 2
p e rs o n
o ffe n s e s
c a s e .
is
W h ile
b o y
le n d in g
G
Y
c r im e , a n d
p ro s e c u te d
k id n a p p e d
s h a re
o f
b ro th e r
s h a ll b e
th e
a n d
fa ils , o n ly
n o t th e
a c c o m p lic e ,
th e m s e lv e s
a ls o
fro m
a n
a c t
o f th e
w a tc h
b e
g u n ,
h im s e lf
H e
s a w
A c c e s s o r ie s .
p r o fitin g
p r o fite d
p la n
A C T S
a c c o m p lic e s , ta k e
1 . B y
h a s
a c c o m p lic e , b e c a u s e
o w n e r in
a s
a c c o m p lic e
c o m m is s io n
th e
a n d
a n
a p p ro a c h e d
h o u s e , w a s
s a w
k n ife
in s te a d
th e
S IM U L T A N E O U S
h is
g u n
lia b le
a n d
in
h e
g u n
g u n
E x : A
if
c a s e
c o n s id e r e d
B , A
is
la tte r
th a t, in
u s in g
a c t o f th e
u s in g
fa ile d
s a id
th e
a c c o m p lic e
c a n n o t b e
th e
a s k e d
c o lle c to r , B
th e n
n o t p r o fit fr o m
a p p ro a c h e d
d e a d .
to ld
B s
th e
b o u g h t th e
e ffe c ts
X , a n d
a s k e d
p a re n ts .
w a tc h
o f th e
T h e n
to
B s
fo r 5 0 0 k , is
c r im e , h e
te ll B s
p a re n ts
p a re n ts
g a v e
ra n s o m
a n
a c c e s s o ry , h e
p r o fite d
fro m
th e
e ffe c ts
o f th e
a s s is te d
c r im e
a n
A
a c c e s s o ry ?
to
p r o fit
to
p r o v id e
th e
ra n s o m
ra n s o m
to
A .
o th e r w is e
g a v e
2 .
B y
c o n c e a lin g
th e r e o f, in
S u p p o s e
lia b le
B o d y
a n
th e
in s tr u m e n ts
If A
a n d
la s in g
a n
n a
b o d y
I w e n t to
h id in g
o f
th e
c r im e ,
o r
th e
e ffe c ts
th e
c a r, y o u
o r
in s tr u m e n ts
th e
y o u , a s k e d
e ffe c ts
o f
th e
y o u
to
c r im e .
h id e
If
it
w a s
th e
g u n ,
a g re e d . Y o u
th e n
a re
a c c e s s o ry
fo r
th e re o f.
c o rp u s
in
th e
d is c o v e r y .
c a r, a n d
fo r
d e lic ti
fr ie n d s , A
o f X
o f th e
h a d
C r im e
h a n d
W ife
a c c e s s o ry
o f th e
d e s tr o y in g
p r e v e n t its
I c a rn a p p e d
a s
h id in g
o r
o rd e r to
k ille d
o rd e r to
m a k e
w ith
k n ife , p o lic e m e n
it a p p e a r th a t A
a c te d
in
a re
c o m in g , B
p la c e d
s e lf d e fe n s e . B
is
k n ife
h id in g
th e
in
th e
e ffe c ts
c r im e
illic it r e la tio n s h ip
s i
K ,
p a n a y
c o m in g ; e v e r y th in g
h a lik
w a s
w ith
s a
K , it w a s
w ife .
w itn e s s e d
b y
th e
a n
th e
b ir th d a y
h u s b a n d
1 1
o f h e r h u s b a n d , th e
fo u g h t
y e a r o ld
K ,
a n d
g o t
d a u g h te r. T h e
w ife
h u s b a n d
k ille d .
to ld
in v ite d
P o lic e m e n
th e
K ,
w e re
p o lic e , th e y
g o t
ro b b e d .
-
3 .
T h e
B y
is
th e
c r im e
is
a c c e s s o ry
a c ts
p u b lic
o ffic e r
o r
th e
b o d y
a s s is tin g
w ith
a b u s e
in
o f th e
th e
o f h is
e s c a p e
p u b lic
o f tr e a s o n , p a r r ic id e , m u r d e r , o r
k n o w n
to
b e
h a b itu a lly
g u ilty
c r im e .
o f
th e
fu n c tio n s
a n
o f
th e
o r w h e n e v e r th e
a tte m p t to
o f s o m e
p r in c ip a ls
ta k e
th e
c r im e ,
a u th o r o f
life
o f th e
C h ie f
p r in c ip a l in
a b u s e
o f h is
o th e r c r im e .
to ld
M a y o r a n
-
2 .
w h o
h a r b o r s , c o n c e a ls
th e
a s k e d
p o lic e
fo r
th e
th a t
th e
w a s
o n ly
a n
in d iv id u a l
w h o
a u th o r ( p r in c ip a l,a c c o m p lic e
ta k e
th e
life
o f th e
If A
a s s is t in
th e
e s c a p e
w o u ld
-
N o , b e c a u s e
k ille d
la tte r s
g u n
g u n ,
w a s
a n d
G s .
th e
to ld
T h e
e s c a p e
o f th e
th a t
w ill
M a y o r
B , h is
c o u rt th e n
fr ie n d
it is
h id
h e
G s
k ill
B ,
lia b ility
n o t o n e
a c c e s s o ry )
o f a
o n ly
r a p is t, is
o f th e
h im
in
o f
c r im e s
th e
G
o n
a c c e d e d .
th e
c r im e .
w a s
Is
th e
th e
o r
a s s is ts
c r im e s
g u ilty
o f
( o b s tr u c tio n
in
tre a s o n ,
o f s o m e
th e
o f ju s tic e )
e s c a p e
p a r r ic id e ,
o f
m u rd e r
th e
o r
a n
o th e r c r im e .
lia b le ?
m e n tio n e d , b u t lia b le
e s c a p e , A
fo r h o m ic id e . Is
u n d e r P .D . 1 8 2 9
u n d e r P .D . 1 8 2 9
c o n c e a ls
p r e s id e n t o r h a b itu a lly
F , a s s is te d
c o n v ic te d
N o , b u t lia b le
a c c e s s o r y , b u t lia b le
h a rb o rs ,
a n d
a tte m p t to
in
a c c e s s o ry ?
N o , s in c e
p r iv a te
T h e
o r a s s is ts
fu n c tio n s
a p p ro a c h e d
k ille d .
fo r h id in g
a c c e s s o r ie s :
1 . p u b lic
a c c e s s o ry
c o n c e a lin g ,
g u ilty
E x e c u tiv e , o r is
2
a n
h a r b o r in g ,
p r o v id e d
th e
w ife
w a s
lia b le
a s
c h a rg e d
a n
u n d e r P .D . 1 8 2 9
fo r m u rd e r, F
a c c e s s o ry ?
a s
a c c e s s o ry .
a n d
p a s s e d
b y
c h a rg e d
a n d
a re
X ,
A rt.
s h o t
ta n d e m
X .
th e y
w a s
s e n te n c e . T h e n
it is
c le a r B
is
m u rd e re r, B
A c c e s s o r ie s
a c c e s s o r ie s
s p o u s e s ,
s is te r s ,
r e la tiv e s
a c c e s s o r ie s
fa llin g
G R A D U A T IO N
O F
is
d r iv e s
m u rd e r.
a c c e s s o ry
in
th e
a s
a n
e x e m p t
e s c a p e
fro m
im p o s e d
c r im in a l
u p o n
a rre s te d
th e
w ith in
w e re
a t
th e
n o
th e
b u t
b a c k ,
A
w h e n
w a s
c o m m is s io n
w itn e s s e s , A
m u rd e re r, w h e re v e r h e
p r o v is io n s
s a m e
lia b ility .
th o s e
le g itim a te ,
th e
w a s
w a s
fo r a s s is tin g
o f a
a ffin ity
w ith in
n o t.
th e y
o f th e
w a s
c r im e
g o t a c q u itte d .
is , w h o e v e r h e
a c c e s s o ry
d e s c e n d a n ts ,
b y
a n d
a rre s te d , h o w e v e r , th e re
lia b le
b e
fo r
a n
w h o
a re
T h e
s u c h
n a tu r a l,
a n d
d e g re e s ,
w ith
o f p a ra g ra p h
o f th e
p e n a ltie s
w ith
r e s p e c t
a d o p te d
th e
p r e s c r ib e d
to
th e ir
b ro th e rs
s in g le
a n d
e x c e p tio n
n e x t p r e c e d in g
o f
a r tic le .
P E N A L T IE S
1 . D iv is ib le
a . R .T e m p o ra l (1 2
b . P . M a y o r (6
y e a rs
y e a rs
c . P . C o r r e c c io n a l ( 6
* D e s tie r r o
d e g re e
if is
a n d
th e
m o n th s
a n d
th e
e . A rre s to
M e n o r (1
to
3 0
y e a rs
u n d e r R .A . 7 6 5 9
d a y
to
4 0
r e m a in s
y e a rs )
y e a rs )
d a y
to
to
d a y
to
y e a rs )
a n d
fo r p u rp o s e
o f d e te r m in in g
if th e
p e n a lty
is
y e a rs )
o r d e r o f s e v e r ity ( 1
m o n th
a n d
d a y
to
m o n th s )
d a y s )
d e a th , r e c lu s io n
a n d
2 0
1 2
a n d
in
2 . In d iv is ib le
to
to
o r d e r o f s e v e r ity
M a y o r - if it is
d a y
d a y
d a y
m o n th s
n o t in
lo w e r ( 6
a n d
d . A rre s to
o f 2 0
a s
a s s is te d
a re
n o t
a s c e n d a n ts ,
o r
m o to r c y c le ,
c h a rg e d
w a s
h a s
w h o
s h a ll
w e re
is , h e
in
c o n v ic te d
W h ile
2 0 .
fo r
in
fo r m u rd e r. B
s e rv e d
-
r id in g
p e rp e tu a
( R .A . 7 6 5 9 : R e c lu s io n
y e a r s , P e o p le
b e
a n
v s
in d iv is ib le
L u c a s
P e rp e tu a
R e c lu s io n
p e n a lty ) , life tim e
s h a ll h a v e
P e rp e tu a
d e s p ite
th e
its
ra n g e
d u r a tio n
im p r is o n m e n t
IS L A W
Y e a r
a fte r
p ro p e r
te rm
im p o s in g
p e r io d
w h ic h
-
a fte r
s h a ll b e
T h e
th e
p r is o n
te rm ,
c o n s id e r in g
a n y
a p p lic a tio n
ra n g e
th e
w ith in
o f IS L A W
is
th e
ju d g e
s h a ll
a g g r a v a tin g
th e
a n d
p e n a lty
m a n d a to ry
fix
th e
m a x im u m
m itig a tin g
n e x t lo w e r in
u n d e r c r im e s
te rm
w h ic h
a n d
s h a ll
th e
b e
th e
m in im u m
d e g re e .
p u n is h e d
in
R P C
o r e v e n
in
s p e c ia l
p e n a l la w s
E x : H o m ic id e
is
a n y
ra n g e
In
c a s e
to
a p p ly
y o u
a p p ly
it, y o u
E x . m in im u m
m o re
p u n is h a b le
th a n
b y
R .T e m p o r a l, m a x im u m
te rm
is
R . T e m p o ra l a n d
th e
m in im u m
te rm
o f P . M a y o r
IS L A W , a
m u s t a p p ly
te rm
y e a rs
o f 1
s p e c ia l la w
y e a r a n d
o r le s s
p r o v id e s
fo r its
p e n a lty
y e a r u p
to
y e a r s , if y o u
w a n t
it,
th a n
m a x im u m
y e a r
te rm
o f 2
y e a rs
o r 3
y e a rs
o r 5
y e a rs , a s
lo n g
a s
n o t
E x . 1 7
R .
y e a r o ld
T e m p o r a l.
y o u th
T h e
a c tin g
w ith
d is c e r n m e n t g u ilty
y o u th fu l o ffe n d e r
c o m m itte d
it
o f h o m ic id e
in s id e
th e
w h e re
d w e llin g
th e
o f
p e n a lty
th e
v ic tim
im p o s a b le
is
w h o
n o
g a v e
p r o v o c a tio n .
M a x
1 2
T e r m : 1
d e g re e
y e a rs ), th e re
ra n g e
1 0
y e a rs
***T h e re
n o
is
is
th e
d a y
w e
m a x im u m
P . M a y o r: 6
M in im u m
M e d iu m
P e r io d
P e r io d
M a x im u m
ta k e
6
8
y e a rs
1 0
u p
to
1
6
d e g re e
* A fte r s e r v in g
th e
E X C E P T IO N S
2 . if th e
3 .
if
th e
a n d
th e
te rm
m a x im u m
o f
p e r io d
o f P . M a y o r s in c e
th e
a s
te rm
m e d iu m
th e
m a x
y e a rs
y e a rs
m a x
th e re
te rm
is
a n
o f m a x im u m
p e r io d ,
te rm
if
o f th e
a n d
s h a ll b e
d a y
in
a g g r a v a tin g
p e r io d , if th e r e
th e re
to
a n y
w a s
w a s
m itig a tin g ,
in d e te r m in a te
w e
s e n te n c e
in te r v a l
d a y
+ 2
y e a rs
in te r v a l =
d a y
u p
to
y e a rs
d a y
th a n
a n d
m in im u m , th e
T O
u p
to
1 0
1 2
P . M a y o r
im p o s a b le
p e n a lty
im p o s e d
a c c u s e d
d a y
h a s
is
O F
is
is
y e a rs
a n d
d a y
u p
to
y e a rs
y e a rs
P .C o r r e c io n a l (a n y
ra n g e
fro m
m o n th s
a n d
y e a rs , o r 6
is
e n title d
to
y e a rs
to
1 2
y e a rs
P a r o le
IS L A W :
y e a r a n d
b e lo w
o n ly
n o t IS L A W
d e a th
b e e n
to
a c c u s e d
A P P L IC A T IO N
p r e s c r ib e d
p ro p o s a l to
m itig a tin g , P . M a y o r ( 6
y e a rs
6 /3
y e a rs
m o n th s
p e n a lty
p e n a lty
th e
p e r io d
ta k e
m in im u m
a n d
lo w e r
p r iv ile g e d
y e a rs )
E x : S E N T E N C E : 6
th e
1 2
y e a rs
d a y
- a p p ly
to
(m a x
m a x im u m
te rm ) =
T e rm :
1 . w h e re
th e
P e r io d
M in
y e a rs
o f th e
d a y
6 ( m in
1 2
is
c ir c u m s ta n c e , a fte r a p p ly in g , th e
o f d w e llin g , s o
te rm
y e a rs
te rm )
1 2 (m a x
th e re
a g g r a v a tin g
u p
a g g r a v a tin g
ta k e
lo w e r s in c e
s till a n
p e n a lty
fo u n d
to
b e
o r life
im p r is o n m e n t, in c lu d in g
g u ilty
o f
tre a s o n ,
m is p r is io n
r e c lu s io n
o f
tre a s o n ,
p e rp e tu a
c o n s p ir a c y
o r
c o m m it tr e a s o n , r e b e llio n , s e d itio n
- if c o n s p ir a c y
to
c o m m it r e b e llio n
o r s e d itio n , y o u
a p p ly
IS L A W
4 . p ir a c y
5 . e v a d e d
s e n te n c e
c o n c u b in e
a re a ,
a n d
b e c a u s e
g u ilty
o f
c o m m its
s h e
c o n c u b in a g e ,
th e ft, th e
e v a d e d
c o n v ic te d
c o u r t w ill n o
h e r s e n te n c e
fo r
lo n g e r
D e s tie r r o ,
a p p ly
if
IS L A W
s h e
in
e n te rs
th e
th e
s e n te n c e
p r o h ib ite d
fo r
th e ft ,
P R O B A T IO N
-
it
is
L A W
d is p o s itio n
b y
w h ic h
p e rs o n
s e n te n c e d
to
im p r is o n m e n t
w ill
n o
lo n g e r
g o
to
p r is o n
-
a p p lie s
w h e n
th e
p e n a lty
im p o s a b le
d o e s
n o t e x c e e d
y e a rs
E X C E P T IO N S :
1 . p e n a lty
2 . fo u n d
im p o s a b le
g u ilty
3 . a p p e a le d
-
P e o p le
r e a c h in g
o f v io la tio n
th e
C A , s u s ta in e d , u p o n
H o m ic id e ,
c a n
file
h e
h a d
h e
h e
w a s
is
a p p lic a tio n
b e e n
o f d a n g e ro u s
6 . v io la tio n
o f r e v is e d
E X T IN G U IS H M E N T
a n d
p u b lic
o rd e r
th e
r e a c h in g
to
la w
th e
S C , th e
p r o b a tio n .
w ith
H o m ic id e ,
a c c u s e d
W ith in
th e
1 5
h e
w a s
d a y s
a p p e a le d
c o rre c t, th e
fro m
r e c e ip t
th e
c a s e ,
c r im e
o f
u p o n
w a s
o n ly
d e c is io n ,
th e
tr ia l ju d g e .
R .A . 9 1 6 5
c o d e
C R IM IN A L
v ic tim
F ru s tra te d
p r o b a tio n
d ru g s
O F
fo r
fo r p r o b a tio n
e le c tio n
(C O N C U B IN A G E ,
c h a rg e d
e n title d
g ra n te d
5 . v io la tio n
b y
a g a in s t n a tio n a l s e c u tiy
c a s e
th e
P a rd o n
y e a rs
o f c r im e s
C o lin a r e s ,
4 . if o n c e
1 .
th a n
v s
A tte m p te d
a c c u s e d
m o re
a rt.
2 3
L IA B IL IT Y
d o e s
A B D U C T IO N ,
n o t
e x tin g u is h
S E D U C T IO N ,
c r im in a l
lia b ility ,e x c e p t
A D U L T E R Y ,
R A P E ,
in
C A S A R A
A C T S
O F
L A S C IV IO U S N E S S )
- if p a r d o n e d
in
- if p a r d o n e d
d u r in g
In
p ro s e c u to r s ta g e
A D U L T E R Y
H o w e v e r,
if
p a rd o n e d
th e
a n d
tr ia l =
d o e s
e x tin g u is h
C O N C U B IN A G E , p a rd o n
a lr e a d y
in
a c c u s e d ,
tr ia l,
n o t e x tin g u is h
th e
h o w e v e r,
c o u rt
w ill
d u r in g
b y
th e
n o t
tr ia l,
o ffe n d e d
d is m is s
e ith e r
p a rty
th e
p a rty
c a n
c a s e
c a n
b e
e v e n
u s e
u s e d
if
th e
th e
a s
c o n d o n a tio n .
o ffe n d e d
p a rd o n
a s
a n
p a rty
a c t
o f
c o n s e n t.
In
S E D U C T IO N ,
d u r in g
tr ia l,
e x tin g u is h
E x :
In
th e
m a n
a lr e a d y
in
ra p e , M
th e
A B D U C T IO N ,
p a rd o n
h a s
n o
R A P E
a n d
e ffe c t
o n
O F
L A S C IV IO U S N E S S ,
c r im in a l
lia b ility ,
b u t
if
in
if
p a rd o n
p ro s e c u to r
w a s
s ta g e ,
m a d e
it
w ill
c o m m its
a c ts
o f
c o u rt, e v e n
if th e
la d y
c o m m itte d
ra p e
a g a in s t L , L
w ill e x tin g u is h
A C T S
th e
th e
p a rd o n s
th e
a g a in s t
m a n , th e
p a rd o n e d
w o m a n ,
c a s e
b e fo re
w h o
file d
c o m p la in t
in
c o u rt,
s h a ll c o n tin u e
th e
c a s e
w a s
file d
in
c o u rt, p a rd o n
**S u p p o s e
th e
h u s b a n d
c o m m itte d
p a rd o n s
th e
ra p e
a g a in s t th e
h u s b a n d , th e
w ife , th e
c a s e
c o u r t s h a ll d is m is s
th e
w a s
c o u r t, if th e
w ife
**S u p p o s e
th e
w ife
p a rd o n e d
th e
h u s b a n d
o n ly
d u r in g
p r o m u lg a tio n ,
**S u p p o s e
th e
w ife
p a rd o n e d
th e
h u s b a n d
o n ly
d u r in g
s e r v in g
th e
o f th e
a lr e a d y
in
c o u rt, e v e n
in
c a s e .
th e
c o u rt
w ill d is m is s
th e
c a s e
r e le a s e
h u s b a n d , in
P a rd o n
b y
th e
B ,
m is s e d ,
s h o t
C L A S S E S
O F
c o m m itte d
E x .
s h o t
A ,
m a x im u m
w a s
th e
is
m is s e d
h im ,
s in g le
s h a ll
o rd e r
c iv il lia b ility , e x c e p t
h o m ic id e ,
th e n
p a rd o n e d
A .
T h e
tr ia l
w ill
b u t n o t c iv il lia b ility
a c t c o n s titu te s
b u lle t
h it
m o s t s e v e re
w a s
o r m o re
g ra v e
o r le s s
g ra v e
fe lo n ie s , th e
c r im e
th e
fo r th e
p e r io d . T h e r e
a tte m p te d
d o e s
c o u rt
n o
w ith
v ic tim
c a s e s
th e
C R IM E : A rt. 4 8
w h e n
c o m p le x
p e n a lty
ra p e
d o e s
c h a rg e d
b y
C O M P L E X
C r im e
c r im e
I
p a rd o n
1 . C o m p o u n d
p a r r ic id e . T h e
p r e s id e n t a r t. 3 6
c o n tin u e , s in c e
o r d in a r y
s e n te n c e ,
o n ly
m y
fa th e r,
s h a ll b e
s in g le
a m
im p o s e d
a c t o f s q u e e z in g
lia b le
a n d
th e
fo r
th e
a tte m p t e d
s a m e
tr ig g e r
h o m ic id e
s h a ll b e
b u t th e re
a p p lie d
a re
w ith
in
its
fe lo n ie s
th a t r e s u lts .
In
c a s e
o f
c r im e s
s in g le
In
a s
s a y s
m a n
th e re
d o
s a w
th e re
w e re
o n ly
o n ly
k ille d
g u n , b e c a u s e
o r in ju r e d
b y
in
in
d in .
1
s in g le
Y o u r
o f its
th e
s p e c ia l m e c h a n is m , th e r e
b u lle ts
c o m in g
a re
o u t s im u lta n e o u s ly
a s
o n ly
m a n y
u p o n
th is
w ith
o n e
r u le
c r im e
is
c o n tin u in g
h o u s e
ro o s te r, h e
a re
s in g le
in
a p p lic a b le
c r im e s
o c c a s io n
c o m p le x
in
h it a n o th e r , b in a r il m o
H o m ic id e
c r im e s
c a s e
w ith
H o m ic id e .
th e re
fo r
s i A
p a ta y , th e
T h e re
a re
s a m e
c r im e s
b u lle t
b u t
th e
th e
ta k in g
is
g o in g
fu r th e r , in
th e
s e r ie s
o n ly
m a x im u m
c r im e s
c o n tin u a d o ) , in
c o n tin u in g
c r im e s , th e r e
c r im in a l r e s o lu tio n
it th e n
w e re
c o m m itte d
w e re
o f c o n tin u in g
w a lk in g
c o m m itte d
a n d
( d e lito
o n ly
s to le
it. T h e n
c r im e
c r im e
b y
o f B , h e
s to le
c r im in a l r e s o lu tio n , th e
T h e
a c t w o u ld
c r im e
fro n t o f th e
a n o th e r
s to le n
o f c r im in a l a c ts , im p e lle d
c o c k . T h e re
o n e
is
s e r ie s
c o c k
w a s
a n o th e r
p a ta y
n o t c o n fu s e
a re
s u b - m a c h in e
p e o p le
o f R e v o lv e r , w h e r e
a n o th e r
la w
a re
a c t o f s q u e e z in g .
c a s e
h it
T h o m p s o n
th e re
fu r th e r , in
c o c k s
o f B ,
o f c r im in a l a c ts
o n e . It is
p e r io d
fro n t o f th e
fro n t o f th e
o f
h o u s e
a n d
a n d
th e
p e n a lty
is
b u t s in c e
w a s
c a lle d , M u ltip le
h o u s e
o f D , h e
o f C
s to le
th e y
im p e lle d
b y
T h e fts .
a p p lie d ,
is
N O T
S u p p o s e
s a w
W e d n e s d a y
-
2 .
D s
T h e
th e
it
C r im e
I w a s
a n d
m a d e
it
1 0 0 k , s o
a p p e a r
c o m m it
y o u
s h o o t
th e
c o m m itte d
M O D E S
- if th e
b e
-
M o n d a y ,
w h e n
s to le
th a t
is
o f th e
a n
a c t
it,
o n
T u e s d a y
o f
n e c e s s a ry
th e
s to le
C s
c o c k ,
a n d
o n
c r im in a l r e s o lu tio n
m e a n s
g ra v e
1 0 k ,
in
o ffe n s e
th e
o f
if
w a s
to
to
c o m m ittin g
a n d
g o v e rn m e n t; I w a s
F a ls ific a tio n
n e c e s s a ry
w ith
o n ly
m u s t in v o lv e
p a id
r e c e iv e d
a c tu a lly
b y
r e c e ip t fo r 1 0 0 k , h o w e v e r in
c r im e
is
la w , b o th
o n ly
le s s
th e
th e
g ra v e
o n e
is s u in g
d u p lic a te
m is a p p r o p r ia te
w ith
M a lv e r s a tio n
a n o th e r,
th e
o r
b o th
fe lo n ie s
th e
r e c e ip t,
r e c e ip t, I a lte r e d
r e m a in in g
9 0 k ,
M a lv e r s a tio n
w ith
c o m m it M a lv e r s a tio n .
p e rfo rm a n c e
o f
h is
d u tie s ,
s in g le
a c t,
th e
c r im e
D ir e c t A s s a u lt.
E X T IN G U IS H IN G
a c c u s e d
n o t im p e lle d
ta x p a y e r
c o m p le x
H o m ic id e
w e re
I is s u e d
p o lic e m a n ,
w a s
O F
1 . D e a th
o n
s a m e
tre a s u re r, a
F a ls ific a tio n . F a ls ific a tio n
If
P ro p e r
u n d e r th e
ta x p a y e r p a id
w o u ld
o f
o f c r im in a l a c ts
p u n is h e d
S u p p o s e
c o c k
c o c k .
s e r ie s
C o m p le x
m u s t b e
th e
C R IM IN A L
L IA B IL IT Y
A r t. 8 9
a c c u s e d
d ie s
b e fo re
th e
d e c is io n
b e c o m e s
fin a l, B O T H
th e
c r im in a l a n d
c iv il lia b ility
s h a ll
e x tin g u is h e d .
if
th e
c iv il
d e c is io n
lia b ility
is
s h a ll
a lr e a d y
b e
fin a l a n d
a p p lie d
th e
a g a in s t
a c c u s e d
th e
s e r v in g
p r o p e r tie s
o f
s e n te n c e ,
th e
a n d
a c c u s e d
th e
in
a c c u s e d
te s ta te
d ie s ,
a n d
th e
in te s ta te
p r o c e e d in g s .
-
c iv il
lia b ility
p a re n ts
o f
th e
d e c e a s e d
a c c u s e d
is
p e rs o n a l
to
h im
a n d
c a n n o t
b e
p a s s e d
o n
to
h is
o r r e la tiv e s .
2 . S e r v ic e
o f s e n te n c e
3 . A m n e s ty
-
a n
a b s o lu tio n
in v o lv in g
-
- in
is
n o t c o m m itte d
if y o u
- if y o u
a re
n o t a
A m n e s ty
h a v e
th e
p r e s id e n t
a n y
e n tir e
o f
to
o r d in a r y
fro m
o th e r c r im e
a n y
o f R e b e llio n
e x tin g u is h
w h e r e in
th is
w ill b e
le g a l c o n s e q u e n c e
n o t c o m m itte d
c o n v ic te d
is
C o n g re s s ,
o ffe n s e s
R e c id iv is t e v e n
4 . A b s o lu te
- o n
o f
p o litic a l
A m n e s ty , th e
a s
a re
c o n c u rre n c e
c o m m itte d
h a v e
b y
th e
P h ilip p in e s ,
u s u a lly
to
c la s s
o f
o ffe n d e rs
p o litic a l o ffe n s e s
in v o lv e s
w h o
g ra n te d
th o u g h
th e
d a te
a n d
w ill b e
th is
s h a ll
d a te
if
a n d
w a s
g ra n te d
c r im e s
a re
le g a l c o n s e q u e n c e s
in d iv id u a lly
p a s s
th e y
la w
s h o w
p r o v id in g
th a t
re p e n ta n c e
a n d
th o s e
th e y
A m n e s ty
d e le te d , it is
c r im e , y o u r c r im in a l r e c o r d s
b o th
u s u a lly
to
g ra n te d
P a rd o n
c r im in a ls
C o n g re s s
A m n e s ty
e m b ra c e d
o f th e
c r im e
a s
w ill b e
th e n
in
if y o u
th e
y o u
a re
n e w b o rn
c h ild , it
d e le te d .
c o m m itte d
s a m e
title
o f R e b e llio n .
s in c e
S e d itio n , y o u
th e
e ffe c t o f
y o u
c o m m itte d
c o m m itte d
th e
H o m ic id e
R a p e
o r
S e r io u s
le g a l c o n s e q u e n c e s
B A R T O P N O T C H E R
A
w a s
w ith
fo u n d
g u ilty
E v a s io n
W h ile
s a id
c r im e
g o t
th e n
h is
y o u
o f H o m ic id e
h a v e
b e e n
a re
g ra n te d
P a rd o n ,
R e c id iv is t, P a r d o n
a fte r
d o e s
w h ic h
N O T
y o u
w ip e
o u t
o r M u rd e r
Q U E S T IO N :
o f H o m ic id e , d u r in g
s e n te n c e , h e
o f S e n te n c e , g u ilty . T h e r e
w ill s till fir s t s e r v e
fin is h in g
h e
M u rd e r
P h y s ic a l In ju r ie s , y o u
o f th e
o f S e r v ic e
H o m ic id e . H e
o r
s e n te n c e ,
p a rd o n e d
th e
h e
s e n te n c e
w a s
a lr e a d y ,
in
g ra n te d
h o w e v e r
e s c a p e d
is
th e
s till a
r e m a in in g
D ir e c to r
P a rd o n ,
o f
s o
o n
th is
h e
P r is o n s
re -a rre s te d
p e r io d
o r d e r o f s e v e r ity , in
A b s o lu te
th e
b u t la te r
in
h is
c h a rg e d
s e n te n c e
o n
c a s e , H o m ic id e .
p a c k e d
a rg u e d
h is
th a t
th in g s ,
it
is
a n d
o n ly
fo r
H o m ic id e . D e c id e .
-
W h a t w a s
p a rd o n e d
s h a ll s till s e r v e
S u p p o s e
S e r v ic e
-
th e
a c c u s e d
T h e
R e b e llio n , th e r e
S u p p o s e
re p o rt
th e
to
in c lu d in g
B ,
S u p p o s e
is
F ro m
fo r
A m n e s ty
is
b e
N O T
E v a s io n
o f S e n te n c e , th e re fo re
th e
a c c u s e d
R e b e llio n ,
h e
e s c a p e d ,
g o t
c o n v ic te d
fo r
E v a s io n
o f
fo r R e b e llio n . D e c id e .
th a t it is
c o u ld
a n d
la tte r c r im e
n o
a s
if n o
E v a s io n
c r im e
w a s
o f S e r v ic e
c o m m itte d
a n d
th e re fo re
if th e r e
w a s
o f S e n te n c e .
w itn e s s e d
w h a t
th e
k illin g ,
h a p p e n e d ,
s o
is
th e
n o t
r e la te d
o ffe n d e d
to
th e
p a rty
d id
p e rs o n
n o t
k ille d ,
c o m e
h e
to
d id
k n o w
n o t
o f
it
r e la tiv e s .
p e r io d
o r th e
a u th o r itie s
P r e s c r ip tiv e
p a rty
fo r th e
o f c r im e s
k ille d
th e
H o m ic id e
c o n v ic te d
e ffe c t o f A m n e s ty
5 . P r e s c r ip tio n
w a s
o f S e n te n c e , g ra n te d
n o
is
s e n te n c e
th e
th e
w ill r u n
fro m
th e
a u th o r itie s , if n o t, n o
d is c o v e r y
o r k n o w le d g e
o f th e
c r im e
b y
th e
o ffe n d e d
p r e s c r ip tio n
b ro th e r o f B ?
tim e
s a w
k ille d
B , h e
d id
n o t re p o rt fo r 2 0
y e a rs
a n d
d a y , th e
c r im e
s h a ll
p r e s c r ib e
-
If th e
o ffe n d e d
p a rty
o r
p a r tie s
d id
n o t k n o w , o r
e v e n
th e
a u th o r itie s , th e
c r im e
s h a ll n o t
p r e s c r ib e .
k ille d
th e
B , p o lic e m e n
w e n t to
th e
fu n e r a l o f B , B s
r e la tiv e s
k n e w
th a t A
k ille d
b u t d id
n o t file
c o m p la in t.
-
T h e
c r im e
s h a ll p r e s c r ib e .
C r im e s
p u n is h a b le
C r im e s
p u n is h e d
b y
a fflic tiv e
C r im e s
p u n is h e d
b y
c o r r e c tio n a l p e n a ltie s
L ib e l a n d
b y
d e a th , r e c lu s io n
s im ila r o ffe n s e s
O r a l D e fa m a tio n
L ig h t F e lo n ie s
a n d
p e n a ltie s
p r e s c r ib e
S la n d e r b y
p r e s c r ib e
in
D e e d
m o n th s
p e r p e tu a , r e c lu s io n
P . M a y o r
lik e
in
p r e s c r ib e
te m p o ra l
p r e s c r ib e
in
1 0
y e a rs
y e a r
p r e s c r ib e
n o t 6 0
d a y s
in
m o n th s
in
1 5
p r e s c r ib e
in
2 0
y e a rs
y e a rs
e x c e p t A . M a y o r
y e a rs
6 . P r e s c r ip tio n
o f P e n a lty
c o m m itte d
p e rs o n
h e
g o e s
tim e
w h o
in s id e
h e
e s c a p e d .
T e m p o r a l,
th e
th e
1 5
o f s e r v ic e
th e
if
p e r io d
c o m p la in t
p r e s c r ip tiv e
If
y e a rs ,
p r e s c r ip tiv e
If
ja il to
fo r
p e r io d
c r im e , h e
s e rv e
b u t
p e n a lty
is
P .
E v a s io n
b e c a u s e
w a s
a n d
e s c a p e d
d e a th
R .
o r
1 0
S e r v ic e
o f
s o
ja il.
C o u n t
if
L ig h t
h e
S e n te n c e
b y
th e
it d o e s
th e
th e
w ill
w a s
n u m b e r
c r im e
file d ,
p e r io d . T h e
d e c is io n
o n ly
O ffe n s e s ,
a n o th e r c r im e , th e
n o t c o v e re d
c o m m itt e d
c o n v ic te d
P e rp e tu a ,
y e a rs ,
c o m m itte d
o f
it is
c h a rg e d
h o w e v e r
C o r r e c c io n a l,
la p s e s , h e
o f s e n te n c e
w a s
o f
h id e
fo r
m o n th s .
b e c o m e s
y e a rs
2 0
fin a l,
fro m
y e a rs ,
S u p p o s e
th e
if
R .
b e fo re
w ill n o t p r e s c r ib e .
it
w o u ld
p e r io d
N O T
b e g in s
in te r r u p t
a fte r th e
th e
e v a s io n
n o t in te r r u p t.
7 . M a r r ia g e
- m a r r ia g e
b y
s u ffe r fro m
o ffe n d e r a n d
T h e
A tte m p te d
c a s e
in d u c e d
A , B
a n d
a ll a p p r e h e n d e d
W ill th e
O f B ?
th e
a n d
to
S u p p o s e
Y ?
Z ?
a n d
T h e
c a s e
ra p e
p a rty
a g a in s t B
a n d
b o th
th e
s h a ll N O T
m u s t b e
th e
g o t m a r r ie d
c o u rt
s h a ll
w o m a n . T h e y
o f le g a l a g e , a n d
b o th
m u s t n o t
fo r th e
R a p e . A
o f X ?
m a r r ie d .
S e d u c tio n , A b d u c tio n , R a p e
a n d
A c ts
o f
c o n tin u e
p r o v id e d
w ith
r e le a s e
y e s , th a t is
a ll c r im e s , e x c e p t in
W . Y
c h a rg e d
c o u rt o rd e r th e
C ?
H o m ic id e
s h a ll c o n tin u e . In
o ffe n d e d
le g a l im p e d im e n t.
c o m m itte d
-
th e
w a s
p la c e . Z
c o u r tin g
y e s , h o w
a s s is te d
W , a n d
a b o u t A ?
in
th e
e s c a p e . T h e y
g o t m a r r ie d
e v e n
w e re
b e fo re
tr ia l.
o f c o u rs e .
e ffe c t o f m a r r ia g e
o n ly
d is r e g a r d
d u r in g
th e
p r o m u lg a tio n ?
o rd e r
o f
c o n v ic tio n
a n d
o rd e r
th e
r e le a s e
o f
a ll
o f
th e
a c c u s e d
S u p p o s e
-
a n d
T h e
C IV IL
L IA B IL IT Y
g o t m a r r ie d
A R IS IN G
p e rs o n
c r im in a lly
c iv il lia b ility
Y o u
o w n
h o u s e s
fo r
th e
c iv il
r in g
s to le
th e
1 0 a m .
o f
c r im e . B
Y o u
B ,
to ld
A
D
d u r in g
s e r v ic e
r e le a s e , th e
F R O M
lia b le
C R IM E
is
a ls o
h o w e v e r,
T h e re
th e
s o ld
w e re
th e
lia b le
o w n e r
it
to
th a t it w a s
o f
fo r
h is
is
a n
1 0 k
e x c e p t w h e re
m o v ie
th e n
r in g . D
o r d in a n c e
m o v ie
h o u s e , X
th e
s h a ll b e
r e m itte d .
th e
c r im e
d o e s
o f fir e a r m s , ille g a l p o s s e s s io n
s e v e ra l
m o v ie
im p o s e d
A rt. 1 0 0
c iv illy
th e re
o f s e n te n c e ?
p e n a lty
ille g a l p o s s e s s io n
1 0 a m . In s id e
lia b ility .
lia b le
a s
h o u s e ,
th a n
b e fo re
s u b s id ia r ily
a b o u t th e
s u c h
m o v ie
e a r lie r
e n te r e v e n
o n ly
c o u r t s h a ll o r d e r th e
g o e rs
k ille d
h o u s e
fro m
a s k e d
p r o h ib itin g
p re s e n t
Y . X
to
fo r th e
p a y
D
2 0 k
fo r
2 0 k ,
h e
th e
o f
a llo w e d
a n d
c iv il
d o e s
p a id .
o p e n in g
y o u
g o t s e n te n c e d
w ill
a n y
o f d ru g s
th e
a n d
n o t c re a te
h a s
n o t
k n o w
th e m
n o
lia b ility ,
m o v ie
to
m o n e y
y o u
a re
a n y th in g
c a n
to
g o
p a w n e d
S u p p o s e
3 0 k .B
c a m e
k ille d
a n
h e ir
w a s
a n d
s in c e
B 1
k n o w
A 1
h is
p a id
fo r its
w ith o u t p a r tin g
b e c a u s e
it to
a n d
b u t B
s e n te n c e d
h a s
a n
to
h e ir
fa th e r is
B 1 , B 1
th a t is
w it h
a n y
fa ile d
a p p ro a c h e d
s h o u ld
p a y
E
E
to
B 1
p o o r, a n d
c e n ta v o . It is
u p
to
to
g o
a fte r C
b o u g h t it in
p u b lic
a n d
re d e e m
fo r th e
w a s
a p p ro a c h e d
s o
B 1
it. E
a u c tio n
fo r
r in g .
fo r 3 0 k .
R . T e m p o ra l a n d
B 1 .
s in g le
R e s titu tio n .
p a w n s h o p , h e
o f th is
g e t it fr o m
B , A
S u p p o s e
r in g
a fte r A
to
c a n
A 1
le g itim e
a s k e d
g e t th e
o rd e re d
A 1
fo r
th e
to
p a y
P 1 M
P 1 M , A
a n d
h o w e v e r; A 1
d ie d . A
s a id
h e
h a s
h a d
n o
it a n d
s o
w ill n o t g e t a n y th in g
a c c e p te d , s o m e b o d y
to ld
A 1
th a t h e
is
n o t o b lig e d
to
re tu rn
re tu rn .
A 1
c a n n o t a s k
fo r th e
n o
r e im b u r s e m e n t in
re tu rn
o f th e
m o n e y
s in c e
it b e c o m e s
n a tu r a l o b lig a tio n . T h e r e
is
n a tu r a l o b lig a tio n
S u p p o s e
-
A 1
S u p p o s e
B s
le ft P 2 M , s o
is
th e
c o rre c t, h e
P 5 0 0 k
d e b t w o rth
-
B 1
is
a s k e d
c a n
B s
A 1
fo r P 1 M , h o w e v e r, B 1
d e d u c t B 1 s
d e b t
to
A .
h a s
d e b t to
A 1
F O R
P 5 0 0 k .
d e b t
C a n
A 1
a s k
fo r
c o m p e n s a tio n
o f
A s
c r e d it
w o rth
P 1 M
to
P 5 0 0 K ?
N o , if it is
th e
lo a n
A , th a t c a n n o t b e
o f B 1
it is
d e d u c te d
a llo w e d
a n d
A 1
b u t if it is
h a s
to
p a y
th e
P 1 M
lo a n
o f B
th e
d e c e a s e d
to
th e
o ffe n d e r

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C R IM IN A L

o f P r e fe r e n tia l A p p lic a tio n

s is te r s -in -la w , if liv in g

o f e s ta fa , th e ft, s w in d lin g , m a lic io u s

o n ly , s till m itig a tin g

p e n a lty ) , life tim e

F a ls ific a tio n . F a ls ific a tio n

w ill s till fir s t s e r v e

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