JAMMU & KASHMIR

(Heaven of India)

Today, we are discussing the state

Jammu and Kashmir is a state in northern India, often

denoted by the acronym J&K. It is located mostly in the
Himalayan mountains, and shares borders with the states
of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab to the south. Jammu and
Kashmir has an international border with China in the
north and east, and the Line of Control. The state has
special autonomy under Article 370 of the Constitution of
India.

The State of Jammu & Kashmir is situated in extreme north of India. It was founded on 26 October, 1947.

J&K touches International boundaries with:

China in the north and east,
Afghanistan in the north-west

Pakistan in the west

It

consists

of

three

Summer Capital -> Shrinagar

Winter Capital -> Jammu
CM -> Mehbooba Mufti
Governor -> Narinder Nath Vohra
Administrative Language -> Urdu
Major Industries -> Handicrafts & Handlooms

Nicknames/Special titles of cities:

Jammu & Kashmir -> Heaven of India
City
Special Names
Srinag
ar
Kashmi
r
Siache
n
Jammu

City of Rivers/lakes
Switzerland of India
Highest and coldest battlefield in the world
City of Temples

region:-

Folk Dance:
S.
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Dance
Rouf
Bhand
Panther
Hafiza
Bhand
Jashan
Bacha
Nagmaa
Dumhal

Important Tribes:
S. No.

Tribes name

Remarks

1.
2.

Bakharwal
Gaddi

Known as DHANGAR in rest of India

3.
4.

Gurjar or Gujjar
Sippi

Important Festivals:

S.
N
o.
1.
2.

Festivals

3.

Eid-ul-Fitr

4.

Eid-ul-Azha

5.

Hemis

Baisakhi
Lohri

Important Rivers and Dams

RIVER

DAM

Purpose

Chenab

Baglihar,
Dulhasti , Salal
Nimoo Bazgo

Hydroelectric

PakalDul

Hydroelectric

Uri-II

Hydroelectric

Indus
Satluj
Masurdar(tributar
y
of Chenab)
Jhelum

Hydroelectric

Important Lakes

S.
No.
1.
2.
3.

Lake

Remarks

Located
in/near
Srinagar
Sonamarg
Sonamarg

Dal Lake
Gadsar Lake
Krishnasar Lake

Jewel in the crown of Kashmir

Lake of flowers

4.
5.

Gangabal Lake
Nagin Lake

Haramukh Ganga
Jewel In The Ring

Sonamarg
Srinagar

6.
7.

Wular Lake
Manasbal Lake

Largest fresh water lake in Asia

Birds Paradise

Srinagar
Srinagar

8.

Pangong Lake

9.

Tso Kar Lake

Share international boundary

China
White or Salty lake

10.

Sheshnag Lake

with

Leh
Ladakh
Pahalgam

Important National Parks, Bird and Wildlife Sanctuary:

National Park
Dachigam National Park
Salim Ali National Park
Kazinag National Park
Kishtwar High Altitude National
Park
City Forest National Park (CFO)
Hemis National Park
Glulmarg WLS
Limber WLS
Nandini WLS

Famous species
Hangul(Kashmiri Stag)
Markhor(Capra falconeri)
Himalayan Snow Cock and brown bear
known as Salim National Park
it is believed to have the highest density of
snow leopards of any protected area in the
world
Musk Deer

Important Mountains:

Place/near
Srinagar
Srinagar
Srinagar

Srinagar
Ladakh
Srinagar
Baramulla
Jammu

Mountains

Remarks

Place/near

8615 M

Second highest peak of

the world.

Nanga Parbat Range

8107 M

It is also known as
NAKED MOUNTAIN or
DEO MIR or KILLER
MOUNTAIN

these mountains lie

to the north and
north-east of the
State
Gilgit

Soyamji
mountain)

(volcanic

1860M

North
Machhipura
(Handwara)

Pir Panjal Range (part of

greater Himalyan)

14004100M

J & K and Himachal

Pradesh

Amarnath
Himalyan)

(part

of

5372 M

It is Called SHESHANG as
its peak resemble the
heads
of
seven
big
snakes.

Gander district
Kashmir

Harmukh
Himalyan)

(part

of

5142 M

It is the abode of LORD

SHIVA.

Ganderbal District of
Jammu and Kashmir

1500 M

Shiwalik means TREES

OF SHIVA and known as
MANAK
PARBAT
in
ancient time.

from the Indus and

ends close to the
Brahmaputra

Karakoram
ranges (k2)

Heights
&

Shiwalik Range

Kyunlun

of

Important Temples/Archaeological Monuments/Sites:

S.
No.
1.
2.

Temples/Archaeological Monuments/Sites

3.
4.

Bahu Fort
Raghunath Temple

5.

Peer kho cave temple

6.

Panchbakhtar Temple

7.
8.
9.
10.
11.

Mahamaya Temple
Shankaracharya Temple
Hari Parbat Fort & Temple of Sharika Devi
Kheer Bhawani
Jama Masjid

12.
13.

Hazratbal Mosque
Khanqah of Shah Hamadan

14.
15.
16.

Chhatti Padshahi Gurudwara

Shalimar Bagh
Chashme Shahi

17.
18.

Thikse Monastery
Shanti Stupa

19.
20.

Magnetic Hill
Leh Palace

21.

St. Joseph's Catholic Church

Amarnath Temple
Vaishno Devi Mandir

Remarks

Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released

coins with Maa Vaishno Devis image
on the Head side of the coins.
temple are covered with gold sheet
on three sides while the interiors of
the temple are plated with gold
it is widely believed that Ramayan
character Jamvant (the bear God)
meditated in this cave.
It is one of the oldest Shivalya in the
city and the Lingam in this temple is
self manifested (Aap Shambu).
known as Takht-I-Sulaiman

Originally built by Sultan Sikandar in

1400 AD
only domed mosque in Srinagar
first
mosque
ever
built
in 1395Srinagar
Mughal Garden
one of the Mughal gardens built in
1632 ADNubra Valley, north east of
Ladakh valley
Leh in Ladakh
Buddhist white-domed stupa on a
hilltop in Chanspa, Leh district
Leh
built by King Sengge Namgyal in the
17th century
It was established in 1891, by Mill Hill

22.

Martand Temple

23.

Amar Mahal Palace

Missionaries, making it the oldest

Catholic church in Jammu and
Kashmir
dedicated to Lord Surya , the Sun
God
built in the nineteenth century for
Raja Amar Singh, a Dogra king

Important stadiums:

S.
No.
1.
2.

Stadium

City

Sher-i-Kashmir
Bakshi

Srinagar
Srinagar

3.

Maulana Azad

Jammu

Major Airports:

S. No.

Name

City

1.

Sheikh Ul Alam International airport

(Srinagar airport)
Jammu airport
Leh Kushok Bakula Rimpochee Airport
Kargil airport
Poonch airport
Kushok Bakula Rimpochhe Airport

Srinagar

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Jammu
Leh
Jammu
Leh

Constituency of Cabinet Minister:

S. No.
1.

Name of Minister
Dr. Jitendra Singh

Constituency
Udhampur

Ministry (MoS)
Development of North Eastern Region (Independent
Charge)
Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions
Department of Atomic Energy
Department of Space

HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER STATIONS

1. Mohra Hydro-Electric Power StationsSrinagar, Sopore, Baramulla and Gulmarg towns are supplied electric power from this power station.
2. The Sind Valley Hydro-Electric Project-This project established in 1955, is near Ganderbal on the
bank of the Nullah Sind towards its east. The project is a multipurpose one. Its water is used for a
variety of purposes, like irrigation, generation of electricity, flood control, navigation, fish culture and soil preservation.
3. The Pahalgam Hydro-Electric ProjectThe river Liddar is an important tributary of the Jhelum. It has been harnessed for water power at Pahalgam and
helps in lighting tourists huts and running cottage industries.

4. Lower Jhelum Hydel Project (Sheri)This project for generating electricity has only one stage which generates 105 megawatts of electric power.

ARTICLE 370:
Article
370 embodied
six
special
provisions
for
Jammu
and
Kashmir:
It exempted the State from the complete applicability of the Constitution of India. The State was allowed to have its
own
Constitution.
Central legislative powers over the State were restricted to the three subjects of defence, foreign affairs and
communications.
Other constitutional provisions of the Central Government could be extended to the State only with the concurrence
of
the
State
Government.
The `concurrence' was only provisional. It had to be ratified by the State's Constituent Assembly.
The Government's authority to give `concurrence' lasted only until the State Constituent Assembly was convened.
Once the State Constituent Assembly finalized the scheme of powers and dispersed, no further extension of powers
was
possible.
The Article 370 could be abrogated or amended only upon recommendation of the State's Constituent Assembly.

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