Lighting Audit Through MATLAB Graphical

User Interface (GUI)

Ranjay Kumar Ojha, Lini Mathew

Tilak Thakur

Department of Electrical Engineering

National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and
Research (NITTTR)
Chandigarh, India
ranjayrps@yahoo.in

Department of Electrical Engineering

PEC University of Technology
Chandigarh, India
tilak20042005@yahoo.co.in

AbstractThis paper presents lighting audit of an industry

using lighting based collected data from a typical medium
scale industry. Energy audit software named ENERGAUDI
has been developed using GUIDE tool in MATLAB for
energy audit purpose and LUMINANCE menu of
ENRGAUDI is used for lighting audit of industry. This
software can be utilized during energy audit process of small
and medium scale industry. The lighting audit of an industry
has been carried out using this software. The dimensions of
specific area in industry, number of lamps, and wattage of
lamps with measured value of lux for specific area of industry
are entered in developed software ENERGAUDI. Based on
the given data to GUI (Graphical User Interface) of the
software, it displays important result and suggestion which
help the energy auditor to perform auditing process in
industry.
Keywordsluminance; lux; GUIDE tool in MATLAB

I. INTRODUCTION
Availability of power has a crucial role in economical
development of any country. Nowadays energy is indispensible
for any developing country like India. All India installed
capacity of electric power generating stations under various
electrical utilities was 288 GW as on January 2016. The
demand of power in January, 2016 was 91074 MU however
the availability of power was 89402 MU [1].So the supply
and demand gap is always faced by Indian energy scenario.
The supply and demand gap is continuously increasing in
India with technological development of country [2].Hence
energy auditing plays an important role in developing country
like India which can be able to fulfill its energy requirement.
Energy audit should provide much of the essential
information to develop an energy management program and
action [3].Energy conservation and energy audit indicate
possibilities of energy saving, by simple housekeeping

measures as well as improved techniques, better

instrumentation and more energy efficient machinery
[4].Using various energy efficient technologies, the energy
requirement of industry can be reduced from10% to 15% [5].
Electricity is one of the measure requirements for progress of
a country. Loss of electrical energy always causes economic
loss in the industrial sector [6]. Lighting audit plays an
important role in any industry as the lighting system is large
electrical energy consuming area in any industry. The
contribution of energy consumption by lighting load in
industry varies between 2 to 10 percent of total consumption
of energy based on type of industry [7]. Technological
development and new innovation like light emitting diode
(LED) and different types of energy saving lamps provide
us more energy saving opportunities in lighting system. The
luminous intensity of all lighting system should be proper that
is not too less or not too high. If the luminous intensity of light
is too weak, we cannot be able to see in proper manner and
this badly affects the human eyes. If luminance level is high,
this will be uncomfortable to human eyes and energy is also
wasted in extra illumination which is not required. On the
other hand it is concluded that some obsolete lighting
technique is used for desired illumination level in our
premises; also consumes more energy. So, it can be said that
lighting systems have great potential to conserve energy.
Enough works have been carried out on energy auditing which
implement MATLAB as a tool but this work has been limited
for specific area of energy auditing like lighting based audit,
electrical motor audit, etc. It is observed that Graphical User
Interface for selection of proper size of electrical motor used in
rice mill has been successfully developed [8].
When an audit in lighting system is performed within any
industries, several places are identified where electrical
wastage can be eliminated. However a number of areas are
identified which have improper value of luminance. The most
appropriate value of luminance can be achieved by increasing

the number of lamps or increasing the wattage of lamps and

this will increase opportunity for proper use of electricity.
II.METHODOLOGY OF SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
The input primary data for lighting based energy efficiency
improvement of specific area like the dimension of area,
mounting height of the fixture, number of lamps and wattage
of lamps are important.
After the collection of basic data, simple procedure for
lighting system is followed. Under this procedure, first, we
have to determine the Room Index (RI) followed by minimum
number and position of measurement points. The room index
of specific area can be determined by equation (1).
Room Index (RI) = (Length of the interior Width of the
interior)/ [Mounting height (Length of the interior + Width of
the interior)]
(1)
Based on the room index the minimum number of the
luminance measurement points is decided. Table 1 below
shows the minimum point of measurement for luminance
determination of an area according to the calculated value of
room index [9]. The accuracy depends on the number of
measurement points. More number of measurement points
provides more accurate result. The minimum number of
measurement point for 5% and 10% accuracy has been shown
in Table I, here.

Hence net luminance value is determined by equation (4).

Net Luminance = Average Luminance Corresponding
Correction Factor
(4)
Lux per watt square meter is calculated by using equation (5).
Lux Per watt square meter = Net luminance value / Watts per
square meter
(5)
Target lux depends on the calculated value of room index. The
target lux for commercial lighting system and industrial
lighting sector with their corresponding room index has been
given in Table III.

TABLE I. DETERMINATION OF MEASUREMENT POINTS

TABLE III. TARGET LUX CORRESPONDING TO ROOM INDEX

TABLE II. CORRECTION FACTOR FOR DIFFERENT LIGHT SOURCE

Source of Light

Correction Factor

Mercury Lamp

1.14

Fluorescent Lamp

1.08

Sodium Vapor Lamp

1.22

Metal halide lamp

1.00

Day Light

1.00

Room Index

Commercial Lighting

Industrial Lighting

Measurement Points for

53

49

5% Accuracy

10% Accuracy

52

48

50

46

2.5

48

44

Room

Minimum

Index (RI)

Measurement Points for

RI<1

different types of light source has been shown in Table II. This
correction factor is applied to different areas considered under
audit.

Number

of

Minimum

Number

of

1 RI <2

18

2RI<3

32

16

46

42

25

1.5

43

39

1.25

40

36

36

33

3RI

50

In the next step total circuit watt is calculated which is the

measurement of the power consumption of lamps under
assessment. Equation (2) gives the total circuit watts.
Total Circuit Watts = (Number of Lamps) (Wattage of
Lamp)
(2)
After calculating the total circuit watt user need to calculate
the value of watts per square meter, generally termed as,
power density which can be calculated by using equation (3).
Watts per square meter = (Total circuit watts /Area in metre2)
(3)
Average luminance is the sum of reading of luxmeter at
different points of measurement divided by number of
readings. If E1, E2, E3.En are the reading of luxmeter at
different location of measurement point, Then,
Average luminance for specific area = (E1+E2++En) /n
Where n is number of measurement points.
Usually luxmeters are calibrated under standard light tungsten
source of 2856 K precisely. If this instrument is used under
different types of light source, the measured value is
multiplied by correction factor. The correction factor for

In the next step the Installed Load Efficacy Ratio (ILER) is

calculated which indicates suitable assessment. On the basis of
ILER the performance indicators is determined for specific
area. The equation (6) is used to determine the value of ILER.
Installed Load Efficacy Ratio (ILER) = Lux per watt square
meter / Target lux
(6)
Table IV shows the different assessment depending on ILER
value.
TABLE IV. ASSESSMENT OF ILER
ILER

Assessment

0.75 or above

Satisfactory to good

0.51 to 0.75

Review suggested

0.5 or less

Urgent action required

Using Table IV suggestion may be given to user. Depending

on the value of ILER an assessment has been shown in Table

V. A simplified flow chart of developed GUI has been shown

in Fig.1.
Developed Graphical User Interface has been implemented
with actual data collected from an industrial site. Different
input data has been collected which is necessary for lighting
audit of industry. This GUI calculates all the parameter like
room area, room index, ILER etc. using standard constant in
context to India. So this GUI can be practically used for
lighting audit in India.

TABLE V. ASSESSMENT OF ILER

ILER

Assessment

0.75 or above

Satisfactory to good

0.51 to 0.75

Review suggested

0.5 or less

Urgent action required

II. IMPLEMENTATION OF GUI

START

The actual data of industry has been collected from the sites of
industry in four different cases for the purpose of lighting
audit. The details of dimension of area under consideration
and number of installed light with their rating have been
shown in Table VI.

Select particular area like workshop,

office machine shop etc.

TABLE VI. DETAILS OF AREA UNDER CONSIDERATION

Input primary data of area dimension and

wattage of installed lamp

Name

Calculate room area, room index, circuit watts,

and watts per square meter

of

No. of

Wattage

Length

Width(in

Mounting

meters)

Height (in

area

lamp

(in

(case)

(tube

meters)

Conference

40

7.62

6.09

4.5

11

40

7.62

6.09

4.5

40

6.09

4.57

3.08

20

40

30

20

4.5

meters)

light)
Input the measured illuminance value using lux meter and
calculate average illuminance

room
Account
section1

Calculate lux per watt

per square meter

Account
section 2
Toll design

Compare with target lux /watt/m2

room

Calculate Installed Load Efficacy Ratio (ILER)

NO

NO
Is
0.51ILE
R0.74?

Is
ILER
.0.7
5?

YES

YES

Satisfactory

Detailed data in four cases are entered in input GUI of

ENERGAUDI which has been shown in Fig.2.

Is
ILE
R0
.5?

YES
Review
suggest

Urgent
action

Recommendation for improving energy savings

STOP

Fig.1 Flow Chart of Methodology

Fig.2 Input GUI of ENERGAUDI

Depending on the given data to the input GUI of
ENERGAUDI, it generates suggestion for every column
regarding the reading which should be taken by luxmeter for
proper determination of ILER value. Fig.3 shows the
suggestion generated by ENERGAUDI. It suggests the user to

take at least 8 readings for 5% accuracy for every area under

consideration.

TABLE VII. READING OF LUXMETRE FOR DIFFERENT CASES

Cases
Conference

Reading Taken by Luxmetre at Eight Different Points

1

144

142

142

145

140

143

144

Hall
Account

615

616

620

610

615

615

610

585

660

615

590

610

615

610

415

413

510

510

410

450

43

Reading taken by luxmetre at different location of four cases

has been entered in GUI which has been shown in Fig.5.On
the basis of these reading GUI display dialog menu for
correction factor which is used during calculation of net
luminance. Dialog menu of correction factor for case 1, case 2,
case 3 and case 4 has been shown in Fig.6, Fig.7, Fig.8 and
Fig.9, respectively. As all the readings have been taken in tube
light, correction factor for Mercury lamp is chosen for all
cases.

Fig.6 Correction Factor for Case 1

The reading for luminance has been taken by using luxmetre

for four different cases. The detail of reading taken by
luxmetre has been shown in Table III.

Fig.5 Input GUI for Reading of Lux Value

430

The developed GUI gives information regarding the area,

room index and watts per square meter for area under
consideration. Calculated value of area, room index and watts
per square meter displayed by GUI have been shown in Fig.4,
it is concluded from table of output GUI, that eight readings
should be taken for luminance for every area under
consideration according to the calculated value of room index
which is less than unity in all cases.

Fig.4 Calculated Room Index by GUI

60
0

room

Fig.3 Suggestion Generated by GUI

62
0

Section 2
Tool Design

14
3

Section 1
Account

Fig.7 Correction Factor for Case 2

Depending on the value of calculated ILER the GUI is able to

give some suggestions which might be useful for proper
luminance of area. Fig.12 shows the suggestion generated by
software. Illumination level of area under column 2 has been
found good which may be considered for better illumination
level; however illumination level of area under case 1, case 3
and case 4 has been found very poor.

Fig.8 Correction Factor for Case3

Fig.12 Suggestion Generated by GUI Based on ILER

Fig.9 Correction Factor for Case 4

Fig. 10 Lux/Watt Squer Metre Display by GUI

GUI calculates the value of avaearage illuminance, net
illumnance and lux per watt squer meter for specific area and
displays the result which has been shown in Fig.10.
Finally the developed GUI displays the important result like
room index, target lux, and ILER which helps the user to
determine the steps which should be taken for proper
luminance level of area under consideration which have been
shown in Fig.11.

Fig.11 Calculated ILER by GUI

III. CONCLUSION
The software and its different GUI have been successfully
developed. This software is useful during lighting audit of
small and medium scale industry.
It is concluded from the result displayed by software that
luminance level of industry for case 1, case 2 and case 4 (i.e.
conference hall, account section 1 and tool design room) was
not good. So for obtaining proper luminance condition,
lighting design should be changed. But luminance level under
case 3 is found good.
The use of ENERGAUDI for lighting audit of any premises
requires less time. This software gives accurate result and
chances of error are very less during calculation period as all
calculation work depends on MATLAB programming. It can
even be used by an auditor who is not familiar with this
software as it helps at every step of auditing process. This GUI
gives value of ILER and assessment of area depending on the
value of ILER. The user can take print of each step of energy
audit for future references and value of ILER can be
determined for different area simultaneously.
Similar software can be developed using other programming
language like Visual basic.

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